Northeast
On this day in history, September 13, 1857, milk chocolate magnate Milton Hershey is born
Milton Snavely Hershey, a German-speaking Mennonite farmer who turned his passion for confections into a symbol of American affluence and goodwill, was born in Derry Township, Penn., on this day in history, Sept. 13, 1857.
“Milton Hershey was the rarest of men — both a dreamer and a builder,” notes his biography at the Candy Hall of Fame, into which the chocolatier was inducted in 1972.
He founded both the Hershey Chocolate Co. and the Milton Hershey School.
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The school, which he opened in 1910 to educate orphans, thrives today as a prominent free educational institution serving underprivileged students.
“His first two candy companies were met with failure,” the Hershey Company writes in its history of the founder, nothing that by age 26 the entrepreneur was penniless.
Milton Hershey founded Hershey Chocolate as well as built Hershey, Pennsylvania, for his employees. He became a prominent philanthropist and gave his fortune to helping those in need. (Getty Images)
“It wasn’t until his third business that Milton’s hard work and talent paid off. From then on, Milton prospered as a successful businessman and generous humanitarian.”
Hershey had only a fourth-grade education when his father put him to work as a printer’s apprentice.
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He then developed a taste for the candy business.
He opened his first candy shop in Philadelphia in 1876. It failed six years later.
Hershey then attempted to become a candy maker in other cities, before returning to Lancaster, Penn.
Hershey Co. chocolate candies are displayed for sale at the Hershey’s Chocolate World store in New York City. (Timothy Fadek/Bloomberg via Getty Images)
He launched the Lancaster Caramel Co in 1886 and then, eight years later, a subsidiary called the Hershey Chocolate Co.
“Caramels are a fad; chocolate is permanent,” Hershey told a colleague, according to official company history.
“I am going to make chocolate.”
“Caramels are a fad; chocolate is permanent.” — Milton Hershey
Chocolate, which comes from the bitter beans of the cacao pod, had been consumed for centuries.
Hershey pioneered a sweeter, more affordable version called milk chocolate.
“Hershey was not the first to make milk chocolate,” reports the Hershey Company, noting that Swiss confectioners made a version with powdered milk.
A French boy eating chocolate, which he was given by some American soldiers in 1944. (Robert Capa/Keystone/Getty Images)
“But he was the first to make it out of fresh milk using mass production techniques.”
This delicious invention changed the way America, and the world, eats candy.
He sold off his caramel company and introduced the first Hershey’s Milk Chocolate bars in 1900. It proved an incredible success.
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The company town of Hershey, Penn., was established in 1903. Hershey Park opened in 1906. Hershey Kisses were introduced in 1907.
Hershey Chocolate thrived during World War II, when the company controlled the heavily rationed American chocolate market.
An historic marker stands outside the original Hershey Co. chocolate manufacturing plant in Hershey, Pennsylvania. (Bradley C. Bower/Bloomberg via Getty Images)
Its products, easy to carry and filled with energy and calories, became a critical part of the war effort, packed into tens of millions of field rations and Red Cross care packages.
Hershey’s even produced tropical chocolate designed to survive in high-heat combat areas without melting.
Chocolate ration bars became symbols of American goodwill during World War II.
Most U.S. troops carried Hershey’s Chocolate of some kind on them.
Their ration bars became highly coveted symbols of American goodwill.
American GIs handed out chocolate bars by the millions to children and to other war-ravaged citizens as U.S. forces marched across Europe and Asia, liberating one town after another.
World War II, La Haye du Puit, Normandy, France. An American soldier giving chocolate to an elderly couple after the liberation of the town in June 1944. (Photo12/UIG/Getty Images)
A black market for American chocolate developed in the aftermath of the war, most notably in Germany, as people struggled with deprivation.
Hersey continues to thrive today, reporting $8.97 billion in sales in 2021, an increase of more than 10 percent of 2020.
MIlton Hershey “had the genius to develop his chocolate business in the right place at the right time,” proclaims the Candy Hall of Fame.
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“His personal convictions about the obligations of wealth and the quality of life in the town he founded have made the company, community and school a living legacy.”
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Maine
After feds cut key food insecurity survey, Maine lawmaker urges state to fill data void
Massachusetts
Mass. unveils $250 million in subsidies to protect residents from premium hikes – The Boston Globe
Audrey Morse Gasteier, executive director of the Massachusetts Health Connector, said the financial bulwark that benefited 270,000 residents is “part of the reason that we’re hanging in there in terms of enrollment and keeping people covered.”
But Thursday’s announcement won’t translate into any additional help.
Healey’s news conference coincided with the beginning of an election year in which three Republicans are vying for her job and voters are expected to be particularly focused on the state’s high cost of living. One survey last year found Massachusetts had the second highest cost of living in the country. People who saw their insurance premiums increase this year said it was one pricey bill amid an onslaught of growing expenses.
“I can’t believe how much it is when we go to the grocery store. Our electricity has gone up,“ said Judith O’Gara, whose family was hit with a $400 increase a month in insurance premiums for their ACA plan in January. ”We were just bracing ourselves to try to stretch the paycheck further.”
O’Gara, of Millis, is a part-time editor at community newspapers, and her husband is a self-employed computer animator and mural artist. She has added hours at work, she said, but it still wasn’t enough to qualify for health coverage through her employer, leaving the couple to buy insurance through the connector.
Healey also used the news conference to weigh in on a high-profile effort in Congress to revive the federal subsidies. Also on Thursday, the US House, with help from 17 Republican defectors facing competitive reelection races, passed a bill that would extend the subsidies for another three years. A small group of senators is considering proposing their own extension of the subsidies.
“We need to see people in Congress step up and take action and fight the president on this and get him to focus on the domestic agenda and how to make life more affordable for people,” Healey said.
The governor said she didn’t announce the influx of funds earlier because she had hoped Congress would act before the end of 2025.
“We gave up until the deadline to see if they take action,” she said.
ACA open enrollment extends through Jan. 23.
The infusion of funds from the Commonwealth Care Trust Fund brings the state’s total commitment to the insurance marketplace to $600 million, which Healey said is the largest support from any state in the country.
Federally subsidized insurance policies were first made available to people making less than 400 percent of the federal poverty level, or about $128,600 for a family of four, in 2009 under President Barack Obama’s ACA, also known as Obamacare. In 2021, Congress made those subsidies more generous for many recipients and extended them to people earning up to 500 percent of the federal poverty level. The expanded tax credits doubled participation in the ACA exchanges over the past four years, and by last year 337,000 people in Massachusetts received subsidized insurance through ConnectorCare.
The increases were slated to expire after four years, and without congressional action to preserve them, premiums reverted to pre-2021 levels for this year. People earning more than 400 percent of the poverty level became ineligible to receive subsidized insurance. State officials have estimated roughly 300,000 people could become uninsured statewide over the next decade, in part due to the expiration of the tax credits.
Democrats staged a 43-day shutdown last fall, the longest in US history, in an unsuccessful effort to preserve the expanded subsidies.
The Commonwealth Care Trust Fund predates the 2021 coverage expansion, said Doug Howgate, president of the Massachusetts Taxpayers Foundation, a nonprofit budget watchdog, and was established to support ConnectorCare programs. Massachusetts has long had a robust public insurance program, and the 2021 expansion essentially allowed the state to shift the cost of subsidies it had been paying to the federal government. Tapping the trust fund now essentially returns Massachusetts to the support levels it provided prior to 2021, Howgate said.
Regardless of the timing of Healey’s announcement, it is a reality that Massachusetts has a uniquely robust commitment to health insurance access, Howgate said.
“I do think that the idea that the state is able to offset some of those impacts is an important message to get out there,” he said. “This is real money.”
According to Healey’s office, a 45-year-old couple with two kids making $75,000 in Fall River previously paid $166 per month for the lowest-cost coverage. Without state action, their premium would have more than doubled. But with the infusion from the trust fund, they will pay $206 per month.
There’s only so much the state can do to mitigate the impacts of the expired subsidies, though. Because Congress didn’t extend them, people between 400 and 500 percent of the federal poverty level simply are ineligible to sign up for subsidized policies through the ACA marketplace. There are roughly 27,000 people statewide who cannot benefit from the state’s effort to compensate for the lost federal money, and those people are among those facing the biggest new insurance expenses.
Christa, 56, a hair dresser, and her husband, Gary, 69, a truck driver, earn less than $105,750 annually combined, just shy of 500 percent of the poverty level. The couple, who asked not to be named to protect their privacy, went from paying $282-a-month for Christa’s insurance with no deductible, to a private plan costing $725 a month with a $2000 deductible.
Gary, who is enrolled in Medicare, is still counting on Congress for a reprieve.
“I believe the Senate will be forced to do something, and we’re hoping,” he said.
Jason Laughlin can be reached at jason.laughlin@globe.com. Follow him @jasmlaughlin.
New Hampshire
The weight of caregiving in NH. Why we need SB 608: Sirrine
Recently, I met with a husband who had been caring for his wife since her Alzheimer’s diagnosis. Her needs were escalating quickly — appointments, medications, meals, personal care — and he was determined to keep her at home. But the cost to his own wellbeing was undeniable. He was sleep‑deprived, depressed, and beginning to experience cognitive decline himself.
As director of the Referral Education Assistance & Prevention (REAP) program at Seacoast Mental Health Center, which supports older adults and caregivers across New Hampshire in partnership with the CMHC’s across the state, I hear stories like his every week. And his experience is far from unique.
Across the country, 24% of adults are family caregivers. Here in New Hampshire, 281,000 adults provide this essential care, often with little preparation or support. Only 11% receive any formal training to manage personal care tasks — yet they are the backbone of our long‑term care system, helping aging parents, spouses, and loved ones remain safely at home. (AARP, 2025)
REAP provides short‑term counseling, education, and support for older adults, caregivers, and the professionals who support them. We address concerns around mental health, substance use and cognitive functioning. After 21 years working with caregivers, I have seen how inadequate support directly harms families. Caregiving takes a serious toll — emotionally, physically, socially and financially. Many experience depression, chronic stress, and increased risk of alcohol or medication misuse.
In REAP’s own data from 2024:
- 50% of caregivers reported moderate to severe depression
- 29% reported suicidal ideation in the past two weeks
- 25% screened positive for at‑risk drinking
Their responsibilities go far beyond tasks like medication management and meal preparation. They interpret moods, manage behavioral changes, ease emotional triggers, and create meaningful engagement for the person they love. Their world revolves around the care recipient — often leading to isolation, loss of identity, guilt, and ongoing grief.
The statistics reflect what I see every week. Nearly one in four caregivers feels socially isolated. Forty‑three percent experience moderate to high emotional stress. And 31% receive no outside help at all.
Compare that to healthcare workers, who work in teams, receive breaks, have coworkers who step in when overwhelmed, and are trained and compensated for their work. Even with these supports, burnout is common. Caregivers receive none of these protections yet are expected to shoulder the same level of responsibility — alone, unpaid, and unrecognized.
Senate Bill 608 in New Hampshire would finally begin to fill these gaps. The bill provides access to counseling, peer support, training, and caregiver assessment for family caregivers of individuals enrolled in two Medicaid waiver programs: Acquired Brain Disorder (ABD) and Choices for Independence (CFI). These services would address the very needs I see daily.
Professional counseling helps caregivers process the complex emotions of watching a loved one decline or manage the stress that comes with it. Peer support connects them with others navigating similar challenges. Caregiver assessment identifies individual needs before families reach crisis.
When caregivers receive the right support, everyone benefits. The care recipient receives safer, more compassionate care. The caregiver’s health stabilizes instead of deteriorating from chronic stress and neglect. And costly options, which many older adults want to avoid, are delayed or prevented.
There is a direct and measurable link between caregiver training and caregiver wellbeing. The spouse I mentioned earlier is proof. Through REAP, he received education about his wife’s diagnosis, guidance on communication and behavior, and strategies to manage his own stress. Within weeks, his depression decreased from moderate to mild without medication. He was sleeping through the night and thinking more clearly. His frustration with his wife dropped significantly because he finally understood what she was experiencing and how to respond compassionately.
The real question before lawmakers is not whether we can afford SB 608. It is whether we can afford to continue ignoring the needs of those who hold our care system together. In 1970, we had 31 caregivers for every one person needing care. By 2010, that ratio dropped to 7:1. By 2030, it is projected to be 4:1. Our caregiver supply is shrinking while needs continue to grow. Without meaningful support, our systems — healthcare, long‑term care, and community supports — cannot function. (AARP, 2013)
Caregivers don’t ask for much. They want to keep their loved ones safe, comfortable, and at home. They want to stay healthy enough to continue providing care. SB 608 gives them the tools to do exactly that.
I urge New Hampshire lawmakers to support SB 608 and stand with the 281,000 residents who are quietly holding our care system together. We cannot keep waiting until caregivers collapse to offer help. We must provide the support they need now — before the burden becomes too heavy to bear.
Anne Marie Sirrine, LICSW, CDP is a staff therapist and the director of the REAP (Referral Education Assistance & Prevention) program at Seacoast Mental Health Center.
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