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Ohio’s current immigrant population much more diverse, still well below national level

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Ohio’s current immigrant population much more diverse, still well below national level


The proportion of immigrants in the United States is at its highest level in over a century, but that’s not the case in Ohio.

Around 15% of the national population is comprised of immigrants, compared to around 5% in Ohio, according to the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey. The proportion of Ohio’s population that is foreign-born today is far lower than in 1870, when around 14% of Ohioans were immigrants, census data shows.

However, Ohio’s immigrant communities today are far more diverse — representing a larger swath of the globe — than at any previous point in history since the federal government began collecting birthplace data in 1850, the data shows.

As immigration once again shapes up to be a major election issue in 2024, Ohio historians told The Dispatch that current political debates around immigration mirror those from the past.

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“I worry as a historian because the rhetoric around (immigration) is often so divisive, and it lacks the larger historical awareness of how we’ve had these conversations before — and the country hasn’t fallen apart,” said Kevin Adams, history department chair at Kent State University.

Ohio’s immigration history

Some of Ohio’s early “immigrants” were members of Native American tribes who were displaced into the area from the east by warfare and European diseases, according to Becky Odom, a curator at The Ohio History Connection. These included tribes like the Lenape (Delaware), who were later uprooted again as white settlers moved into Ohio.

Following Ohio’s statehood in 1803, immigrants from Germany, Great Britain and Ireland made up the bulk of foreign-born Ohioans, according to Ben Baughman, another curator for the Ohio History Connection. Germans and Irish people played important roles in the construction of Ohio’s extensive canals, which served as thoroughfares for commerce long before the coming of interstate highways.

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By 1860, nearly half of all immigrants living in Ohio were German, with the rest mostly coming from elsewhere in northwestern Europe, according to census data.

But in the late 19th century, immigration to the U.S. underwent a dramatic shift, with more southern and eastern Europeans arriving.

“The new immigration was really important in places like Cleveland, especially as various European ethnic groups showed up … (building) communities rooted around … factories … their own churches, their own parishes — we get increasing numbers of Jews and Eastern Orthodox Christians,” said Adams.

By 1910, nearly 15% of Americans and almost 13% of Ohioans were foreign-born, a figure that does not include children of immigrants born locally.

But the U.S. began to restrict immigration in the 1910s, culminating in country-specific quotas that were set in 1924, according to Adams. The quotas, which were influenced by eugenics and “scientific racism,” severely restricted immigration from much of the world besides northwestern Europe and — unintentionally — overland immigration from Latin America, he said.

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The quota system was finally dismantled by the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, which allowed a much broader range of people to immigrate.

Since 1970, the U.S. has experienced a dramatic rebound in immigration, but the rebound has been slower and smaller in Ohio, according to census data. The proportion of immigrants in the state grew from 2.4% in 1990 to 4.9% in 2022, according to the census’ American Community Survey.

Nationally, around half of foreign-born U.S. residents today come from Latin America, followed by Asia (around 31%), Europe (approximately 11%) and Africa (around 5%).

Most of Ohio’s foreign-born residents come from Asia, with India the top country of origin. African and Latin American immigrants together make up over one-third of Ohio’s immigrants.

Persecution, opportunity and anti-immigrant sentiment

The factors that draw immigrants to Ohio — such as economic opportunity, freedom from persecution and war abroad — have remained fairly constant over the centuries, according to Odom, the Ohio History Connection curator.

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“For us as students of history, history is very cyclical. … There are always going to be people in the world who see this state and this country as a place of opportunity,” she said.

Baughman, her colleague, said that anti-immigration sentiment is as old as immigration itself.

Baughman pointed to examples of anti-German riots led by the “Know-Nothing Party” in Cincinnati in 1855, followed by rising anti-Irish and anti-Chinese sentiment in the late 1800s.

Amidst the Great Migration following World War I, Black migrants from the American South to northern states like Ohio encountered opposition similar to immigrants from abroad, said Odom.

Adams said that labor groups were historically more critical of immigration than they are today, because they sometimes saw immigrants as competitors with American workers.

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“In the early 1970s … folks on the left — union folks and African American civil rights groups — were interested in discussing immigration restriction, whereas those on the right, who were interested in capitalist market development and anti-union politics, were in favor of immigration,” he said.

Brian Hayashi, who is a professor of American history at Kent State, said he sees common intellectual roots between current opposition to immigration and the anti-immigrant fervor of the early 20th century.

“There is a desire to understand the United States as a nation of northern and western European people and values … But the problem is the United States isn’t that country anymore, and arguably, it hasn’t been since about 1880,” Hayashi said.

Peter Gill covers immigration, New American communities and religion for the Dispatch in partnership with Report for America. You can support work like his with a tax-deductible donation to Report for America at:bit.ly/3fNsGaZ.

pgill@dispatch.com

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21 Things to do in Northeast Ohio this weekend

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21 Things to do in Northeast Ohio this weekend


CLEVELAND, Ohio – When you’re done cleaning up from Christmas, there’s plenty to do around Northeast Ohio. You can still catch holiday pop-up bars or get the family out for a lighting display through the New Year. The Cavaliers, Browns and Monsters are all playing home games. When you’re not shopping for a New Year’s Eve outfit, check out the places to celebrate the festive night around Northeast Ohio.

The multi-platinum rock group will play two shows at Rocket Arena on Friday, Dec. 26. The early performance will start at 3 p.m. followed by a 7:30 p.m. evening show.Peter Chakerian, Cleveland.com

Trans-Siberian Orchestra

Trans-Siberian Orchestra is always busy this time of year spreading holiday cheer with a metal and orchestral mash-up of classic Christmas classics. The band brings its “The Ghosts of Christmas Eve” tour, complete with laser light show and pyrotechnic, to Rocket Arena the day after Christmas. Tickets start at $55

3 p.m. & 7:30 p.m., Friday, December 26

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Rocket Arena, 1 Center Court, Cleveland

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Public Square Cheer Garden

Public Square is busy for the winter holidays with ice skating, an outdoor bar, firepits with tasty s’mores, and holiday tunes. The IlluminateCLE Holiday Light Show takes place every hour. Free, except for ice skating fee.

5 to 10 p.m., Friday, Dec. 26

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Noon to 10 p.m., Saturday, Dec. 27

Noon to 8 p.m., Sunday, Dec. 28

50 Public Square, Cleveland

winterlandcle.com

Holiday Lantern Tours

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Take an interactive, lantern-lit walking tour of this outdoor living history museum as 19th-century villagers welcome you into their decorated homes and share seasonal traditions. Tickets $18-$28.

Through Dec. 28

Hale Farm & Village, 2686 Oak Hill Road, Bath

wrhs.org

Frost Cleveland Botanical Gardens
“Frost: An Ice-Capped Garden Experience” returns to the Cleveland Botanical Garden for the 2025 holiday season.Alex Darus

Frost: An Ice-Capped Garden Experience

Cleveland Botanical Garden turns into the an ethereal wonderland for the holidays, with towering ice arches, dazzling light installations, 500 poinsettias, kids activities and more. Tickets $7-$28.

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Through Jan. 4

Cleveland Botanical Garden, 11030 East Blvd. Cleveland

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Magic of Lights

Now at Victory Park in North Ridegeville, this former drive-through holiday light display has been reimagined as a walk-through experience this year, letting visitors explore bright, festive scenes up close and at their own pace. Tickets $8-$17.

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Through Jan. 3

Victory Park, 7777 Victory Lane, North Ridgeville

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Wild Winter Lights

Cleveland Metroparks Zoo’s annual holiday display features over 1.5 million lights illuminating themed areas such as the Enchanted Forest, Swan Lake, Candy Lane, Polar Pathway and Santa’s North Pole Lodge. Tickets $24-$30.

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Through Dec. 30

Cleveland Metroparks Zoo, 3900 Wildlife Way, Cleveland

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The historic Stan Hywet Hall & Gardens is transformed with a winter-woods-animal themed decor inside and dazzling light displays across the grounds.
The historic Stan Hywet Hall & Gardens is transformed with a winter-woods-animal themed decor inside and dazzling light displays across the grounds.Brigid Gallagher, special to cleveland.com

Deck the Hall

It’s the most wonderful time of the year at Stan Hywet Hall & Gardens in Akron. The historic estate has been decked out for the holidays, with multiple Christmas trees inside and more than a million lights outside. Tickets start at $28.

Through Dec. 30

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Stan Hywet Hall & Gardens, 714 N. Portage Path, Akron

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Kwanzaa

Greater Cleveland Kwanzaa Alliance Kwanzaa! Celebrating 60 years of Nguzo Saba. The celebration starts on Friday, Dec. 26 and continues through the week. Free

6 p.m., Friday, Dec. 26

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East Cleveland Public Library, 14101 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland

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Kwanzaa Celebration of Ujima at the Cleveland Public Library

The Cleveland Public Library offers immersion in the African and African-American cultural traditions of Kwanzaa. Clevelanders are invited to learn about the third principle of Kwanzaa: Ujima, a commitment to active and informed togetherness, where community problems are solved together. The event will include soulful music, storytelling and audience engagement. Free

Noon, Saturday, Dec. 27

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Martin Luther King Jr. Branch of the Cleveland Public Library, 10601 Euclid Ave., Cleveland

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A Night of Holiday Soul

Will Downing, Leela James and Avery*Sunshine perform together at KeyBank State Theater. Tickets start at $70.

7 p.m., Sunday, Dec. 28

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KeyBank State Theater, 1501 Euclid Ave., Cleveland

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Home for the Holidays at Hilarities

Eight to 10 of Cleveland’s favorite comics, both old and new, will perform at Hilarities this weekend. Tickets $24

6:30 p.m. & 9:15 p.m., Friday, Dec. 26

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Hilarities, 2035 E. 4th Street, Cleveland

hilarities.com

The Hobbit Dobama
The Dobama Theatre’s production of “The Hobbit” runs Dec. 4-Jan. 4. (Photo: Steve Wagner Photography)Steve Wagner Photography

“The Hobbit”

Dobama Theatre transforms its intimate Cleveland Heights stage into Middle-earth for an imaginative staging of J.R.R. Tokien’s classic novel. Follow Bilbo Baggins as he leaves the shire and joins a band of dwarves on a quest filled with trolls, goblins and a fire-breathing dragon. Tickets $30-$48.

Through Jan. 4

Dobama Theatre, 2340 Lee Road, Cleveland Heights

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Candy Land: It’s Wild in Ohio

Lake Metroparks turns the Candy Land board game into a nature-themed adventure, with crafts, scavenger hunts, exhibits, hot chocolate and weekend programs. Free.

Through Jan. 4

Penitentiary Glen Reservation, 8668 Kirtland-Chardon Road, Kirtland

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lakemetroparks.com

Cleveland Cavaliers vs. Phoenix Suns

Celebrate New Year’s Eve Day with the Cleveland Cavaliers taking on the Phoenix Suns. Fans get a Cavalanche beanie. Tickets start at $62.

3:30 p.m., Wednesday, Dec. 31

Rocket Arena, Cleveland

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Cleveland Browns vs. Pittsburgh Steelers

The Browns takes on their favorite rivals, the Pittsburgh Steelers in Cleveland this weekend. Tickets start at $75.

1 p.m., Sunday, Dec. 28

Huntington Bank Field, Cleveland

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clevelandbrowns.com

Cleveland Monsters vs. Rochester Americans

Cleveland Monsters face the Rochester Americans on the ice at Rocket Arena. Tickets start at $21

6:30 p.m., Dec. 29

Rocket Arena

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clevelandmonsters.com

Cleveland Monsters vs. Toronto Marlies

Cleveland Monsters take on the Toronto Marlies. It’s Superman promotion night. The first 2,500 kids ages 14 years old and under receive Superman Monsters Capes. Tickets start at $21

6:30 p.m., Dec. 30

Rocket Arena

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clevelandmonsters.com

The Harlem Globetrotters

The Harlem Globetrotters are bringing their ball-handling wizardry to Rocket Arena. The crowd will marvel at their skill and laugh at their comedy. Tickets start at $52

3 p.m., Sunday, Dec. 28

Rocket Arena, Cleveland

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Cleveland Metroparks Toboggan Chutes

Find your thrill in the chill at the Chalet in Strongsville, whooshing down twin 700-foot refrigerated ice chutes on an old-timey toboggan. Reservations required. Tickets, $13-$15.

16200 Valley Parkway, Strongsville

Through Feb. 22

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clevelandmetroparks.com

Renaissance to Runway: The Enduring Italian Houses

The Cleveland Museum of Art’s largest fashion exhibition to date explores how Italy’s artistic past influences modern design. Pieces from Versace, Valentino, Armani, Ferragamo and Gucci are displayed alongside Renaissance and Baroque masterpieces. Tickets $8-$17.

Through Feb. 1

Cleveland Museum of Art, 11150 East Blvd., Cleveland

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clevelandart.org

LeRoy Neiman: A Keen Observer of Style

LeRoy Neiman (1921-2012) was for his brilliantly colored, expressionist paintings and screenprints of athletes, musicians, and sporting events. A special exhibition at the Kent State University Museum looks at his early work as a fashion illustrator and how it influenced his his interest in capturing the clothing, gesture and style of his subjects.

Through June 27

The Kent State University Museum, 515 Hilltop Drive, Kent

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Elderly couple dressed as Santa Claus, Mrs.Claus pulled over for speeding in Ohio: ‘North Pole isn’t what it used to be!’

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Elderly couple dressed as Santa Claus, Mrs.Claus pulled over for speeding in Ohio: ‘North Pole isn’t what it used to be!’


Good thing sleighs don’t have a speed limit.

An elderly couple who dressed up as Santa and Mrs.Claus to surprise their daughter at work were pulled over for speeding in Ohio on Saturday — as the starstruck deputy who sidelined them fretted over landing on the Naughty List.

The Fulton County Sheriff deputy sauntered up to the vehicle like any other car stop, but couldn’t contain himself once he spotted the festive couple in the front seats, according to body camera footage posted by the sheriff’s department on Facebook.

An elderly man and his wife were pulled over while they were en route to surprise their daughter at work. Fulton County Ohio Sheriff

“Santa!” The deputy exclaimed as he shone the flashlight in the driver’s side window.

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The panicked St. Nick hastily informed the officer that he had a CCW — or a Concealed Carry Weapon.

“Santa has a CCW? Times are rough!” The deputy guffawed.

“You gotta protect yourself,” Santa noted.

“And the North Pole isn’t what it used to be!” Mrs.Claus later added.

The pair were dressed up as Santa Claus and Mrs.Claus. Fulton County Ohio Sheriff
Santa was speeding in his haste to see his daughter. Fulton County Ohio Sheriff

The jolly driver admitted he hadn’t been paying attention to his speedometer as the deputy explained that he had pulled him over for speeding.

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“Santa, do you have your driver’s license?” The deputy asked, barely stifling a laugh as he continued to play along despite knowing the man’s legal name.

The man opted to step out of the vehicle while he tried to find his license and huffed that “Santa’s 100 years old” as he struggled to stand.

The deputy joked that he would be losing his presents for pulling over Father Christmas himself.

The deputy let the pair off with a friendly warning. Fulton County Ohio Sheriff

“Santa, slow your speed down,” the deputy implored.

“It’s Nick, you know!” Mrs.Claus piped up from the passenger’s seat.

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“I’ll get Rudolph on you!” Santa quipped.

At Mrs.Claus’ request, the deputy and Santa posed for a photo.

The trio wished each other a “Merry Christmas” before going their separate ways.

“Ho ho *hold on!* Santa and Mrs. Claus were spotted flying a little too fast through Fulton County. No coal was issued—just a friendly reminder that even sleighs need to slow down. Christmas is still on schedule! Stay safe and happy holidays!” the sheriff’s department wrote on Facebook.

The real Santa Claus can be located while he’s delivering presents on Christmas Eve using NORAD’s Santa tracker.

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What’s up with Matt Patricia, Sonny Styles and Ohio State’s defensive prep for Miami?: Buckeye Talk podcast

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What’s up with Matt Patricia, Sonny Styles and Ohio State’s defensive prep for Miami?: Buckeye Talk podcast


COLUMBUS, Ohio — Ohio State starts its postseason run against Miami in the Cotton Bowl.

The lead-up to the Dec. 31 game continues the bowl game schedule of having numerous players on offense and defense discuss the matchup. The defense was represented by Matt Patricia, Kenyatta Jackson, Sonny Styles and Lorenzo Styles.

On this episode of Buckeye Talk, Stephen Means, Stefan Krajisnik and Andrew Gillis discuss what they heard.

Thanks for listening to Buckeye Talk and sign up to get text messages from experts Stephen Means, Stefan Krajisnik and Andrew Gillis at 614-350-3315. Get the insider analysis, have your voice heard on the Buckeye Talk podcast and connect with the best Buckeye community out there.

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