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What makes an L.A. party an L.A. party? Start with this syllabus written by the homies

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What makes an L.A. party an L.A. party? Start with this syllabus written by the homies

Music is likely one of the few issues that may transport us — to a different place, one other time. Some songs remind you of your youth. Others, of the primary time you fell in love. After which there are these tracks that while you hear them out within the wild elicit an virtually involuntary, full-bodied response. An “Ayyyyyye” comes out of your mouth like a reflex. The reminiscences come flooding in: Being at a smoky home occasion within the early 2000s and locking eyes along with your homie from throughout the room, assembly on the dance ground and two-stepping in unison. You’re rapping alongside phrase for phrase, on the high of your lungs, whereas making eye contact with anybody doing the identical. Your index finger is stabbing the air each time that refrain hits. You are feeling part of one thing greater than your self for the three minutes the music lasts, linked with everybody else round you. There’s a class for this sort of observe, particularly on this metropolis. We’re speaking, in fact, in regards to the L.A. Social gathering Anthem.

What makes an L.A. celebration? There‘s the venue: a home, a membership, a park, a freeway underpass, a warehouse. The individuals: no lames, no wallflowers. The vibe: a regional glint within the air, cultivated by the locals. However greater than something, what really cements these gatherings as core reminiscences is the music. We requested producers, promoters musicians, artists, DJs and others to provide us their favourite L.A. Social gathering Anthems of the twenty first century, the reminiscences surrounding them and their ideas on what makes a celebration hit.

What resulted is a syllabus for all the things an L.A. occasion must be: rowdy, sweaty, energetic, heat.

“My Sort of Social gathering”Dom Kennedy [2012]

“My Hitta”YG that includes Jeezy and Wealthy Homie Quan [2013]

“Like Whaaat”Drawback that includes Unhealthy Lucc [2013]

“Drop It Like It’s Scorching”Snoop Dogg that includes Pharrell [2004]

“Mistaken Concept” Badazz that includes Snoop Dogg and Kokane [2001]

“Cali Iz Energetic”Tha Dogg Pound [2006]

“G’d Up”Tha Eastsidaz [2000]

“Mayor”Pac Div [2009]

“Topdown”Channel Tres [2018]

“Toot It and Boot It”YG [2010]

“After I Come Round”Dom Kennedy [2011]

“You’re a Jerk” New Boyz [2009]

“Boss Ass Bitch” PTAF [2012]

“Train Me Easy methods to Dougie”Cali Swag District [2010]

“Cat Daddy” The Rejectz [2010]

“Paranoid”Ty Dolla Signal [2013]

“Ballin’”Mustard that includes Roddy Ricch [2019]

“Classic & Adventurous”Conradfrmdaaves [2019]

“Gang Bang”Joe Moses that includes YG [2013]

“m.A.A.d Metropolis” Kendrick Lamar that includes MC Eiht [2012]

“Huge Financial institution” YG that includes 2 Chainz, Huge Sean, Nicki Minaj [2018]

“Thotiana”Blueface [2018]

“Final Time That I Checc’d”Nipsey Hussle that includes YG [2018]

“Alright”Kendrick Lamar [2015]

What makes an L.A. party

A really perfect area is a home — or not less than an area the place we really feel secure. Not a colonized venue. Plenty of areas which can be opening up in our neighborhoods, they’re not respecting the tradition. They’re not respecting the humanities, the follow. They’re simply coming in and desirous to make a buck. In order that’s at the start: The place we at? We’re in Leimert, in a Black-owned venue. We’re in a home. That’s our grounding greater than something. Then the apparent issues, like having natives within the constructing — the DJs that truly are from L.A., that know data to play. Of us are on the dance ground, busting the correct dance strikes that we acknowledge as ours. If I can say something past that, it’s simply vitality. It’s all love. It’s feeling like house. There’s no pretentiousness, there’s no extras. For me, L.A. events are individuals coming via, capable of really be themselves. — Fred McNeill Jr., occasion producer, DJ, co-founder of Simply Be Cool

A smiling man in an orange cap and white socks.

Fred McNeill Jr., occasion producer and DJ, on what makes an L.A. occasion: “It’s all love. It’s feeling like house.”

(Angella Choe / For The Instances)

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The L.A. occasion really has an vitality to it. It really has people who find themselves having fun with themselves, who don’t care who you’re or the place you’re employed at. Which means you’re really dancing, which means you’re really speaking to individuals. Again after we had been youthful, we’d get in these dance circles — like early 2000s. You even have a circle of individuals dancing and all people’s watching you to see who’s going to problem you. — DJ R-Tistic

Our sound. A very good, actual California occasion, not a Hollywood occasion. You’re going to listen to our avenue legends: YG, Drawback, Joe Moses, the Recreation. All the brand new children: 1TakeJay, AzChike, BlueBucksClan. Our music has tempo to it. — DJ Carisma

It’s not an L.A. occasion if we are able to’t smoke no timber in there. It’s gonna be scorching — after I used to occasion loads as a teen, you’ll include a dry shirt and also you would go away along with your shirt soaked and drenched. — Six Sev, musician

Four guys pose for the camera.

Norick Curl, Tawaun Cargill, musician Six Sev and Te Manuel.

(Angella Choe / For The Instances)

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A basic L.A. occasion might be a pool occasion, the place all people’s big-stepping to “Ain’t No Enjoyable” by Snoop Dogg [feat. Nate Dogg, Warren G and Kurupt], “You” by Lucy Pearl [featuring Q-Tip and Snoop Dogg], and “Final Time That I Checc’d” by Nipsey Hussle and YG. In the meantime, anyone’s cooking scorching canines and burgers within the again and also you’re sure to run into your ex from highschool that you may’t stand. — Duckwrth, artist

The DJ has to have vary but in addition have the correct data and browse the gang. Meals — you go to an L.A. perform and you should have anyone who’s pouring the drinks. You both have tacos or the hood spaghetti, with the bottom beef, sauce and noodles all blended collectively. — Thurz, musician, 1/2 of U-N-I

Positively the music. The situation. Simply the vibe. I feel most significantly, except for the music, it’s the parents who’re there. It’s simply what you make of it, you realize? — Que Madre, DJ

In case you ask anyone from L.A. — they might be Bloods, it don’t matter. Bloods normally don’t take heed to Crip music, however [Tha Eastsidaz] was so exhausting. Any time it got here on, it was both gonna be a stroll fest or anyone’s gonna begin grappling. — Mibbs, Pac Div

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We used to bump the unmixed model of “Toot It and Boot It” earlier than it was blended down. We used to put on them songs out earlier than they even got here out. — BeYoung, Pac Div

A room stuffed with folks that have the widespread objective to simply have ol’ time, sing, dance, drink — people who don’t drink liquor, sip on some fruit juice. Weed in and out. Bomb ass music. I grew up in South Central L.A., so I really like while you go to events and also you see individuals from totally different neighborhoods that you just usually wouldn’t see within the streets. In L.A., rising up in gangbang tradition, don’t no one go go to anyone in sure areas as a result of you possibly can’t generally. At the moment for me, it was going to a celebration in Culver Metropolis and seeing Crenshaw Mafias, Inglewood Households, Rolling 60s, Denver Lanes, Hoovers — all people simply having time, no one trippin’. These are the form of events I grew up going to. My actual younger occasion days, the DJ for me, after I first was understanding and moving into quite a lot of music, was Huge Boy. [At Culver City Middle School], he was the DJ for all of our dances. — Terrace Martin, musician, producer

There needed to be a theme. A standard theme was like, “Booty Shorts versus Cargo Shorts.” Very ratchet. Like, “Hollister Sweatpants versus Aéropostale Sweatpants.” It’s positively on the exact opposite aspect of city that you just stay. You heard about it via phrase of mouth. You run into individuals on the bus going to the identical place as you. You positively solicited alcohol. The music and the dance go hand in hand. It’s so particular to L.A. tradition. As an example, you’re liable to see a dance referred to as the Squabble. Squabble is one other phrase for struggle, and it’s made right into a dance: The Squabble. Then you’ve gotten the actually greasy, sweaty, nasty sluggish R&B grind on the ground. That’s 100% an enormous a part of what made L.A. events. Kazi, musician, artist

Individuals assume that L.A. individuals, we don’t dance. That’s the furthest from the reality. What dictates an L.A. occasion is individuals really dancing, individuals having enjoyable. And there’s sure dances which can be distinguished in that group — whether or not that’s only a common two-step or you realize, some walks. (I don’t need to say which type.) And simply that turnt up issue. There’s a particular bounce that comes with L.A. music, and while you hear that bounce, it makes all people need to dance. (l’ve even seen movies of grandmas Crip strolling). The standard L.A. perform is certainly everybody laughing, everybody dancing. If individuals come right here and so they really take the time to get out of Hollywood and meet L.A. natives, they’ll see that our communities are actually enjoyable. — Annessa De La Cruz a.okay.a. DJ Anonymous

Variety performs an enormous half. I feel having an L.A. occasion, a real L.A. occasion, is one thing that feels real and virtually like house. You see so many various sorts of faces, so many various ethnicities. — sammi G, DJ, co-founder of Women of Sound

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The climate. Whether or not the occasion is day or night time, if it was a sunny day, we’re all going to step into the occasion simply prepared like we simply had a wonderful sunny day: greased up, lotion, all the things simply able to go. The climate makes it. — Polyester the Saint, rapper

A man in a white hoodie and cap sits with folded arms.

In relation to a perform, “The climate makes it,” says Polyester the Saint.

(Angella Choe / For The Instances)

Home events? They meant all the things. They meant all the things to me. Rising up as a child, a home occasion was the place you can present your dance strikes, pop-locking strikes, the break dancers got here out. All of the dad and mom knew one another on the road. We couldn’t await the home occasion to leap off so we may see our associates, meet new associates, DJ that actual well-liked stuff. We had radio stations like KACE again then, the unique KDAY. Again when there weren’t that many rappers out right here, we had Mixmaster Spade and Too Quick. As they began to develop, it was enjoyable watching that occur. The P-Funk music — Parliament, Funkadelic, Zapp & Roger — while you play these data, it’s like an ideal puzzle piece. It makes you need to low-ride and put your finest dance strikes on. Listening to the songs with the reverb, with the echo within the again — it’s our factor. The reverb factor was our factor. The sound that now we have, that’s ours. — Suga Free, artist

An L.A. occasion, not less than for me being with Mexicans, there’s at all times Coronas and Pacificos, there’s at all times one or two cousins that convey a bottle of whiskey or tequila. There’s tamales, if it’s Christmastime and there’s no solar out. My household can be from Puebla, so we’ll have mole. [The] music might be cumbias — not less than me and my associates, we take heed to cumbias. Then [we] play some salsa music whereas we’re establishing all the things, if we’re doing carne asada. Later within the night time, enjoying quite a lot of 2000s music. — Cuco, musician

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First phrase is group. An L.A. occasion, you’re going to tug up, you’re going to see your individuals there, and also you’re going to catch a vibe. It doesn’t should be an enormous occasion, it may be intimate, but when it’s an L.A .occasion it’s actually rooted locally. After which the music is the soundtrack to the night time. — Nneoma Akubuilo, DJ, curator and founding father of African Video Membership

There’s a wonderful bevy of various cultures in L.A. To go from the diaspora and play Afrobeats, then to go to the Caribbean and play reggae after which convey it again to L.A. and play Dom Kennedy, some Snoop, some YG, some Roddy Ricch. That’s one thing that I feel is admittedly stunning about L.A. — simply how a lot of a melting pot it’s. You can actually journey world wide on night time in L.A. — Earry Corridor, DJ and occasion curator

It’s actually a melting pot. There’s so many various folks that go to an L.A. occasion and everyone seems to be actual. In L.A. your dad and mom put you on to the old-school, the classics. So what I really like about attending and DJing L.A. events is that everyone is aware of basic West Coast anthems. In case you’re in L.A., brown individuals, Black individuals, Asian individuals, white individuals, everyone seems to be vibing to that one Dr. Dre anthem. They completely know all of the phrases and you may simply by no means go unsuitable. You are feeling so proud to be from L.A. while you’re in a single room with individuals which can be vibing to that canine whistle sound that Dr. Dre places on his beats. It’s simply so L.A. — Bella Ferrada, DJ

The venue is at all times the middle for L.A. events. The promoters — when you’ve gotten native guys who throw your occasion, it’s gonna really feel extra L.A. And naturally, do you’ve gotten a neighborhood DJ who is aware of the precise scene and what’s poppin’? Or do you’ve gotten an out-of-town DJ who’s going to come back in and play all the everyday L.A. tracks they assume they need to play, like “California Love”? — Dre Sinatra, DJ

[An L.A. party] — that’s what conjures up us. That’s what feeds us. That’s the place we are able to meet like-minded individuals. That’s the place we might be ourselves and really feel seen, really feel represented. — Joyce Wrice, artist

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My fondest reminiscences of L.A. events — true L.A. home events — are from highschool, 2005 to 2009. The factor about L.A., you develop up realizing individuals from so many various locations. You might need gone to highschool with anyone, might need performed on the sports activities staff with anyone, your dad and mom may know one another. However you fall out and in of contact with them. So generally these basic L.A. home events find yourself changing into an enormous reunion of kinds. — Hugh Augustine, rapper and chef

We at all times gotta hit that two-step. Being a Black girl — being Black as a complete — that’s simply one thing that’s pure to us. It’s a bonding second with no pressure. To have the ability to really feel that and perceive that with out saying something, and have the ability to dance, that’s positively [an L.A. party]. — Storm DeBarge, dancer

Memories of parties past

I used to be at my auntie’s home on 109 Place, the place on any given day they [had] the radio blasting, ingesting beer and smoking. There was this woman I appreciated, and I [saw] her at my auntie’s. She was from Belize, and I’ll always remember, man — she simply walked as much as me and kissed me. I didn’t know what to say, however I used to be like man, I really like L.A. I really like L.A. — Suga Free

The perfect L.A. events had been the Simply Be Cool events. Everyone needed to be at that, and all people was. — Polyester the Saint, rapper

I grew up in Boyle Heights, off of Soto Road, and my grandma’s home is correct there. Any household gathering, occasion, event, vacation is at all times at my grandparents’ home. That’s what I consider after I consider the perfect L.A. occasion: My household events. Extra particularly, my grandma’s birthdays. She’s going to be 94 this 12 months, so for the previous couple years we rent mariachi; one of many final ones, we had my associates DJ. We have now actually good meals. — Que Madre, DJ

Considered one of our homies was a DJ at a couple of of the poppin’ nightclubs within the L.A. scene. I bear in mind he placed on “Mayor” — the soiled model earlier than the label cleaned it up and put the huge mixing and mastering on it — we had a grimy model that slapped. The bass was loopy. The leap was loopy. The vocal sounds gritty. After they heard it within the membership and we heard it, I used to be like, Ooh, we obtained one. I feel Kevin Hart was there. He was chillin’ on the wall and was like, “Y’all seem like rappers.” — Like, Pac Div

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After I was in highschool, the perfect events was at this home in View Park on a avenue referred to as Kenway. It has this stunning view of Hollywood, the entire metropolis of L.A. DJ Mustard was the poppin’ occasion DJ earlier than he was a world-famous producer — he even used to DJ events in my very own yard. Mustard was the recent DJ at these actually cool events that had been on Kenway, referred to as the Kenway events. — Hugh Augustine, rapper and chef

A Simply Be Cool occasion, to go approach again. It was so particular as a result of all these superb artists had been attending, their music is being performed. They’re from the identical group — possibly they’re cousins, possibly they’re relations. To have the chance to have your music be heard or channel no matter present that you’ve got — that’s what was so stunning. Gavin [Mathieu] and, Fred [McNeill Jr.], they put [Just Be Cool] collectively. Dom [Kennedy] was an impartial rapper together with Pac Div and U-N-I. There’s Drew Byrd and Sean G, who’re offering the sounds. It was only a group, an area the place we may have enjoyable, be ourselves and have fun our lives. — Joyce Wrice, artist

Mustache, a celebration birthed by the late Los Angeles legend, Nacho Nava. It was the underground rave haven, ran by — and for — the dolls. — Mia Carucci, artist producer and DJ

A woman leans against a man.

“You are feeling so proud to be from L.A. while you’re in a single room with individuals which can be vibing to that canine whistle sound that Dr. Dre places on his beats,” says DJ Bella Ferrada, photographed with Lalo Trejo.

(Angella Choe / For The Instances)

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The perfect occasion I’ve ever gone to in L.A. is certainly a basic Los Angeles warehouse occasion. My favourite is one which my buddy Guadalupe Rosales, who runs Map Pointz and Veteranas and Rucas, threw. She’s from an L.A. occasion crew, and so they’ve been doing that for the reason that ‘90s. However I didn’t expertise that — I’m 25. So she threw one in 2019 and it was simply all the things I ever needed. DJ Irene performed an incredible set. She’s one of many West Coast DJ legends. Richard Vission was dropping the Ok-Rock jams. It was like an ideal mix of West Coast music, home music, all of the Ok-Rock classics. — Bella Ferrada, DJ

We had been placing on exhibits for all of Dom Kennedy, U-N-I, Pac Div’s first concert events in L.A. Our first competition present, World Coolin’, was with Kendrick Lamar. It’s humorous when you have a look at that invoice, he’s on the backside of the checklist. He rose to the highest however he was on the backside, like beneath Casey Veggies. — Fred McNeill Jr., occasion producer, DJ, co-founder of Simply Be Cool

I do a celebration referred to as Thank God It’s Monday, and on the time it was at a venue referred to as Shoo Shoo Child (now it’s at a venue referred to as Apotheke in Chinatown). 600 individuals would come each Monday and the vitality they introduced into the area was so stunning. One night time, Janelle Monáe is available in. I began enjoying gospel music. I begin enjoying Kirk Franklin, “Stomp” and all people is singing. Then I began enjoying this different gospel music and also you see all the room flip right into a choir, together with Janelle Monáe! I give her the microphone and he or she begins to riff with all the room. It was this stunning second of individuals feeling and experiencing their group, absolutely. Earry Corridor, DJ and occasion curator

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Video game performers are on strike — and AI is the sticking point : Consider This from NPR

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Video game performers are on strike — and AI is the sticking point : Consider This from NPR

The character Aerith Gainsborough in Final Fantasy 7 Rebirth.

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The character Aerith Gainsborough in Final Fantasy 7 Rebirth.

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If you’re not entrenched in the world of video games, you might not realize how much real actors have to do with modern gaming.

They provide everything from a few lines of dialogue for side characters in games, to recording hundreds or even thousands of very emotional lines, says Michigan State professor Amanda Cote, who studies the industry and culture of gaming.

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“So really storyline-driven games, something like Mass Effect or a Far Cry, you’re recording hundreds of lines of dialogue to cover the many different storyline branches that a player could potentially encounter. And you’re trying to make sure that all of those make sense with the changing storyline,” she says.

“This isn’t like a movie where there’s one version of the script and you might do several takes of it, but the overall story is the same. This is recording potentially different endings, different storyline arcs, making sure that those all stay coherent with how your character might develop along those different lines.”

There are also performance capture artists – they wear bodysuits with sensors and their movements are captured digitally on camera, which later gets computerized.

Some of the biggest game studios rely on voice and performance capture artists, and all this adds up to big bucks. The video game industry made close to $185 billion last year.

But not everyone is happy.

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You’re reading the Consider This newsletter, which unpacks one major news story each day. Subscribe here to get it delivered to your inbox, and listen to more from the Consider This podcast.

Generative AI is a sticking point

Video game performers are currently on strike.

Their union, SAG-AFTRA, had been in contract negotiations with major video game companies for more than a year and a half. Cote says performers are seeking things like clearer safety and protection measures — such as receiving a five minute break per hour of on-camera work, or having an on-set medic present when they’re performing stunts — and that it appears the union and video game producers have found good terms on most of those issues.

But those talks have stalled over artificial intelligence.

Veronica Taylor is one of the many video game actors who are worried that the companies they work for could replace them with artificial intelligence or use their voices and motions in ways they did not consent to. She says it’s already happening.

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“I have found my voice in voice banks where people can take my voice and make it say things I’ve never said,” she told NPR.

The companies say they offered AI protections, but union members say they don’t extend to everyone.

Stunt performers and those whose motions are captured digitally are concerned that video game companies could create digital replicas of their physical work without their consent.

“What they are saying is that some of these performances, specifically for movement, is just data,” says Andi Norris, a member of SAG-AFTRA’s negotiating committee who has worked on games like Predator: Hunting Grounds. “I can crawl all over the floor and the walls as, you know, such-and-such creature, and they will argue that that is not performance, and so that is not subject to their AI protections.”

She argues her work is not just a data point, it’s done by her as a real person.

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Performers who spoke to NPR say it’s important to recognize that they aren’t arguing that AI can never or should never be used in games — they just want to make sure that uses of AI are clear, understandable and compensated.

Members go on strike

Zeke Alton, who is also on the SAG-AFTRA negotiating committee, says performers are the canary in the coalmine of the new technology.

“We are setting a precedent for how the workforce in both the United States and around the world is going to be treated,” he says. “Are they going to use this new emergent technology as tools for creatives, and for workers, to create efficiency? Or is this tool going to be used by executives to remove the worker?”

SAG-AFTRA union video game performers strike outside Warner Bros. Games on Thursday.

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Cote says generative AI is potentially destabilizing to the creative industries in general, but specifically in gaming.

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“When we look at something like AI in live action settings, we run into the issue of the ‘uncanny valley’ where the face of an AI character looks just a little bit odd to us,” he says. “But when we’re thinking about industries like voice acting or motion capture, the work that performers do in that context is then attached to digital avatars in animation. So we don’t get that ‘uncanny valley’ effect because the final result is a digital avatar. And so this may make the use of generative A.I. easier in games than other industries.”

Video game voice and motion actors, whose human performances become computer data, say they are especially vulnerable to being replaced by generative AI. And their collective bargaining now will inform the ways we think about this technology going forward.

A spokesperson for the video game companies involved in the negotiations released a statement saying the companies and the union have already found common ground on 24 out of 25 proposals — and that they are disappointed the union has chosen to walk away when they are close to a deal. The video game companies say they’re prepared to resume negotiations.

Editor’s note: Many NPR employees are members of SAG-AFTRA, but are under a different contract and are not on strike.

This episode was produced by Brianna Scott. It was edited by Patrick Jarenwattananon and Clare Lombardo. NPR’s Art Correspondent Mandalit Del Barco contributed reporting. Our executive producer is Sami Yenigun.

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What to know about the gender controversy sweeping Olympic boxing

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What to know about the gender controversy sweeping Olympic boxing

Taiwan’s Lin Yu-ting, left, and Algeria’s Imane Khelif have competed in boxing competitions as women for years. But their presence in Paris is being scrutinized by some after they failed a vague gender eligibility test last year.

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NPR is in Paris for the 2024 Summer Olympics. For more of our coverage from the Games, head to our latest updates.

Women’s boxing is at the center of the latest Olympics controversy as critics take issue with the participation of two athletes — Imane Khelif of Algeria and Lin Yu-ting of Taiwan — who have failed gender eligibility tests in the past.

Both Khelif and Lin identify and have long competed as women, but were disqualified from the 2023 women’s world championships by the International Boxing Association (IBA) for what it called failure to meet “eligibility rules.”

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Olympic organizers are defending their right to compete in Paris and questioning the validity of those unspecified tests and the fairness of their previous disqualification, which they said happened without due process.

“The current aggression against these two athletes is based entirely on this arbitrary decision, which was taken without any proper procedure — especially considering that these athletes had been competing in top-level competition for many years,” the International Olympic Committee said in a statement Thursday.

The conservative outcry started after Khelif won her match against Angela Carini of Italy on Thursday in somewhat dramatic fashion.

Carini quit just 46 seconds into the bout after Khelif’s punches dislodged her chinstrap and bloodied her shorts. After deciding to withdraw, she fell to her knees sobbing in the ring and refused to shake hands with Khelif.

“I have never been hit so hard in my life,” Carini tearfully told reporters afterward.

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She said she had stopped fighting because of nose pain, but also said it wasn’t her place to pass judgment on whether Khelif should compete.

“If an athlete is this way, and in that sense it’s not right or it is right, it’s not up to me to decide,” Carini added.

Khelif didn’t speak to the media other than a quick comment to BBC Sport: “I’m here for the gold — I fight everybody.”

She is set to return to the ring Saturday for a quarterfinal matchup against Hungary’s Anna Luca Hamori.

Hamori has accepted the fight, saying she is “not scared” of Khelif. But the Hungarian Boxing Association is striking a different tone: The Associated Press reported on Friday that the organization is sending “letters of protest” about the matchup to the IOC and Hungary’s own Olympic committee.

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On Friday, Lin emerged victorious in her preliminary-round fight against Uzbekistan’s Sitora Turdibekova, winning 5-0 by unanimous decision but without much fanfare in the crowd.

She is headed to the quarterfinals on Sunday, one victory away from her first Olympic medal.

Who is Lin?

Lin, 28, a two-time world champion, has been competing for over a decade.

According to her Olympic bio, Lin joined an athletics team as a child “to achieve good results in athletics and win awards to help out financially.” She switched to boxing in middle school.

She made her Olympic debut at the Tokyo Games, though left without a medal.

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Still, the southpaw has won many other titles — including bronze in featherweight at the 2019 Women’s World Boxing Championships, gold at bantamweight in 2018 and gold in featherweight in 2022.

She also won a bronze medal at the 2023 world championships, but lost it after she was disqualified. It went to the opponent she had defeated in the quarterfinals, Bulgaria’s Svetlana Kamenova Staneva.

Who is Khelif?

Khelif, at 25 years old and 5’10”, has been competing since 2018. She entered Paris with a 9-5 professional record, according to the New York Times

She made her first Olympic appearance at the Tokyo Games in 2021, where she lost in the quarterfinal round to Ireland’s Kellie Harrington (and didn’t face any false allegations about her gender at the time, as many of her defenders are now noting).

Khelif won the African and Mediterranean Championships in 2022 and reached the final of the IBA Women’s World Championships that same year. She took home silver, after a defeat by another Irish boxer, Katie Broadhurst.

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Khelif also reached the finals of the 2023 world championships in New Delhi but was disqualified by organizers the day before they began in March.

Why were the athletes disqualified last year?

The IBA said in a statement at the time that Khelif and Lin had “failed to meet eligibility rules, following a test conducted by an independent laboratory.”

IBA President Umar Krevlev told Russian state media that it was “proven they have XY chromosomes” — which is seen in men, as opposed to the XX genotype of women.

It is medically possible for women to have male chromosomes, in rare cases. Separately, there are a number of health conditions — most notably, polycystic ovary syndrome — that can cause women to produce excess male hormones.

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In a new statement released this week, the IBA clarified that Khelif and Lin had not undergone a testosterone exam, but were “subject to a separate and recognized test, whereby the specifics remain confidential.”

“This test conclusively indicated that both athletes did not meet the required necessary eligibility criteria and were found to have competitive advantages over other female competitors,” they wrote.

Why are they eligible for the Olympics?

Algeria's Imane Khelif, right, walks beside Italy's Angela Carini in the boxing ring after winning their match.

Algeria’s Imane Khelif, right, walks beside Italy’s Angela Carini after winning their women’s 66kg preliminary boxing match on Thursday.

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The IBA is no longer the governing body of Olympic boxing.

The IOC — which had already overseen boxing competitions for the Tokyo Olympics — officially voted to derecognize it in June 2023, after a years-long dispute over the integrity of its bouts and judging and transparency of management.

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Olympic officials took issue with how presidents from Uzbekistan and Russia ran the IBA, as well as the fact that its sole sponsor was a Russian state energy firm, according to the Associated Press.

The IOC has repeatedly defended the athletes’ right to compete in Paris, casting doubt on the process that disqualified them last year and pointing to their female legal identities.

“They are women in their passports and it’s stated that this is the case, that they are female,” spokesperson Mark Adams told reporters earlier this week. Notably, there is no right to change one’s legal gender under Algerian law.

In its Thursday statement, the IOC confirmed that all athletes participating in the boxing tournament “comply with the competition’s eligibility and entry regulations, as well as all applicable medical regulations.” It said it used the Tokyo boxing rules as the baseline for this year’s regulations.

It called Khelif and Lin, whom it did not identify by name, “the victims of a sudden arbitrary decision by the IBA.”

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The IOC said it is “saddened by the abuse that the two athletes are currently receiving,” and stressed the need for National Boxing Federations to “reach a consensus around a new International federation” for boxing to be included in the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.

On Friday, spokesperson Adams reminded reporters that the IOC stopped blanket sex testing in 1999, and that “even if there were a sex test that everyone agreed with, I don’t think anyone wants to see a return to some of the scenes.” He acknowledged that the situation has become a minefield.

“And unfortunately, as with all minefields, we want a simple explanation,” he added. “Everyone wants a black-and-white explanation of how we can determine this. That explanation does not exist, neither in the scientific community, nor anywhere else.”

For more about sex testing in elite women’s sports, check out the new podcast Tested, from NPR and the CBC.

What are critics and supporters saying?

Taiwan's Lin Yu-ting, left, reacts after defeating Uzbekistan's Sitora Turdibekova in their women's 57 kg preliminary boxing match on Friday.

Taiwan’s Lin Yu-ting, left, reacts after defeating Uzbekistan’s Sitora Turdibekova in their women’s 57 kg preliminary boxing match on Friday.

John Locher/AP

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After Khelif’s win, the backlash was swift, especially in conservative circles.

Author J.K. Rowling — who has been criticized for her transphobic views in recent years — falsely labeled her a man, in a tweet that has garnered over 400,000 likes. Former President Donald Trump shared a video of the match on Truth Social, writing in all caps, “I WILL KEEP MEN OUT OF WOMEN’S SPORTS!”

Riley Gaines, a widely-followed former collegiate swimmer who describes herself as a “leader defending women’s single-sex spaces,” tweeted that “men don’t belong in women’s sports.” Tesla CEO Elon Musk amplified her tweet, adding, “Absolutely.”

Vlogger-turned-WWE wrestler Logan Paul also slammed Khelif as a man, tweeting that the match was “the purest form of evil unfolding right before your eyes.” He later deleted his post and wrote, “I might be guilty of spreading misinformation along with the entirety of this app.”

Foreign officials have also weighed in.

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Italy’s far-right Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni told the Italian news agency ANSA that the fight between Carini and Khelif was unfair.

“I think that athletes who have male genetic characteristics should not be admitted to women’s competitions,” she said, according to Reuters. “And not because you want to discriminate against someone, but to protect the right of female athletes to be able to compete on equal terms.”

Italy’s family and sports ministers have also voiced concerns about the lack of clarity around gender eligibility criteria, suggesting that uniform international criteria would assuage “suspicion” and protect athletes’ safety.

Algeria’s Olympic committee is defending Khelif, issuing a statement on Wednesday condemning what it called her “unethical targeting” with “baseless propaganda.”

“Such attacks on her personality and dignity are deeply unfair, especially as she prepares for the pinnacle of her career at the Olympics,” it added, per Reuters.

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Meanwhile, Taiwanese officials have thrown their support behind Lin.

Pan Men-an, secretary-general for Taiwan’s presidential office, said on social media that it is wrong for the athlete to be “subjected to humiliation, insults and verbal bullying just because of your appearance and a controversial verdict in the past.”

Tsai Ing-wen, Taiwan’s first female president, wrote on X that Lin is “an athlete who is fearless in the face of challenges, whether they come from inside or outside the ring.”

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