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‘This Is a Dangerous Virus’

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‘This Is a Dangerous Virus’

When bird flu first struck dairy cattle a year ago, it seemed possible that it might affect a few isolated herds and disappear as quickly as it had appeared. Instead, the virus has infected more than 900 herds and dozens of people, killing one, and the outbreak shows no signs of abating.

A pandemic is not inevitable even now, more than a dozen experts said in interviews. But a series of developments over the past few weeks indicates that the possibility is no longer remote.

Toothless guidelines, inadequate testing and long delays in releasing data — echoes of the missteps during the Covid-19 pandemic — have squandered opportunities for containing the outbreak, the experts said.

In one example emblematic of the disarray, a few dairy herds in Idaho that were infected in the spring displayed mild symptoms for a second time in the late fall, The New York Times has learned. In mid-January, the Department of Agriculture said that no new infections in Idaho herds had been identified since October. But state officials publicly discussed milder cases in November.

That a second bout of infections would produce milder symptoms in cattle is unsurprising, experts said, and could be welcome news to farmers. But reinfections suggest that the virus, called H5N1, could circulate on farms indefinitely, creating opportunities for it to evolve into a more dangerous form — a “high-risk” scenario, said Louise Moncla, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Pennsylvania.

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“You could easily end up with endemically circulating H5 in dairy herds without symptoms, obscuring rapid or easy detection,” Dr. Moncla said.

It’s impossible to predict whether the virus will evolve the ability to spread among people, let alone when, she and others said. But the worry is that if bird flu finds the right combination of genetic mutations, the outbreak could quickly escalate.

“I’m still not pack-my-bags-and-head-to-the-hills worried, but there’s been more signals over the past four to six weeks that this virus has the capacity” to set off a pandemic, said Richard Webby, an influenza expert at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital.

Federal officials, too, have subtly altered their tone in discussing the outbreak, now emphasizing how quickly the situation might change.

For the general public, H5N1 is “a low risk, relative to the other risks they face today,” said Dr. Nirav Shah, principal deputy director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. But “100 percent, that could change,” he said. “This is a dangerous virus.”

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Health experts emphasize that there are precautions Americans can take: Do not touch sick or dead birds or other animals; get tested if you have flulike symptoms; do not consume raw milk or meat, or feed them to your pets.

If a larger outbreak were to erupt, the federal vaccine stockpile holds a few million doses, although that vaccine might first need updating to match the evolved form of the virus. In either case, officials would have to scramble to produce enough for the population.

The C.D.C. recommends treatment with the antiviral Tamiflu, but studies have shown that the drug does very little to ease illness.

Underlining concerns among many experts is that Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who would lead the federal health department if confirmed, was a vocal critic of Covid vaccines and has said the bird flu vaccines “appear to be dangerous.”

Even if the second Trump administration embraces vaccine development, as the first one did when Covid bore down, it’s unclear how many Americans would roll up their sleeves for the shots. Influenza typically affects children and older adults, and pandemic influenza has sometimes hit young adults the hardest. But the mistrust engendered during Covid-19 may make Americans eschew precautions, at least initially.

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Unlike the coronavirus, which caused havoc with its sudden arrival, influenza viruses typically start off in a specific animal species or in certain geographical regions.

When H5N1 emerged in East Asia nearly three decades ago, it mostly sickened birds. In the years that followed, it infected at least 940 people, nearly all of whom had close, sustained contact with infected birds; roughly half of those people died.

But since January 2022, when the virus was detected in wild aquatic birds in the United States, it has affected more than 136 million commercial, backyard and wild birds, helping to send egg prices soaring. It has also struck dozens of mammalian species, including cats both wild and domesticated, raccoons, bears and sea lions.

For at least a year, H5N1 has been infecting dairy cattle, which were not known to be susceptible to this type of influenza. In some cows, it has had lasting effects, reducing milk production and increasing the odds of spontaneous abortions.

And in 2024, the virus infected 67 Americans, compared with just one in the years before, in 2022. The sources of these infections are not all known; one person may have transmitted the virus to someone in their household.

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Many of these developments are classic steps toward a pandemic, said Dr. James Lawler, a director at the University of Nebraska’s Global Center for Health Security. But, he noted, “where those were really supposed to trigger accelerated and amplified actions at the federal, state and local level, we’ve just kind of shrugged when each milestone has passed.”

Infections in dairy herds, which first emerged in Texas, appeared to be declining last summer. But in late August, California announced its first case. The state’s figures soon rose sharply, prompting Gov. Gavin Newsom to declare a public health emergency in December.

“That was sort of a flag to me, like, ‘OK, this hasn’t gone away,’” said Dr. Manisha Juthani, commissioner of the Connecticut Department of Public Health. “Over the last couple of months, it has felt like the tempo has increased,” she said.

Several other recent events have raised the level of alarm among experts. In early December, scientists reported that in a lab setting, a single mutation helped the virus infect human cells more efficiently.

And late last year two people, a 13-year-old Canadian girl and a Louisiana resident older than 65, became seriously ill; previously, most people infected with H5N1 had not experienced severe symptoms. The Louisiana patient, who had health conditions and cared for sick and dying birds, died in early January.

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The girl was placed on life support because of organ failure, but eventually recovered. Scientists still do not know how she became infected; her only risk factor was obesity.

Both patients had contracted a new version of the virus that is distinct from the one in dairy cattle and is now widespread in birds. In both individuals, the virus gained mutations during the course of infection that might allow it to better infect people.

“We are clearly now getting novel viruses forming in the wild bird reservoir,” Dr. Moncla said. “It’s become challenging to keep a handle on all of the various threats.”

Some experts see it as particularly worrisome that the virus seems to be in food sources like raw milk and raw pet food. Domesticated cats have died in numerous states, prompting the recall of at least one brand of pet food and new federal guidelines on pet food quality.

“The raw-pet-food thing to me is, I think, quite alarming,” said Dr. Jeanne Marrazzo, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

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Pasteurization kills live virus, as does cooking meat at high temperatures. Still, neither procedure is perfect, Dr. Marrazzo noted: “There’s no way that you can police production and sterilization in a way that’s going to make sure 100 percent of the time that food supply is going to be safe.”

In the year since the outbreak began, federal officials have announced other measures to prevent or prepare for a pandemic. But each is deeply flawed, experts said.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture was slow to begin testing H5N1 vaccines for cows, leaving interested companies in limbo. Dr. Marrazzo said that the department had released genetic information from virus samples but had not said where or when they were collected — details that would help scientists track the virus’s evolution.

It is also unclear how many herds are reinfected or have been battling monthslong infections. In Idaho, some herds infected in the spring seemed to recover but showed milder symptoms again in November.

“From the data we have to date, we do not see evidence of new infections or reinfections in previously affected herds, but rather a lack of clearance of the original infection,” a spokesman for the U.S.D.A. said in an emailed response. But outside experts said that the trajectory of symptoms suggested a second round of illness.

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The U.S.D.A.’s program to test bulk milk began in December — nearly a year after the outbreak began — and still does not include Idaho. Engaging private companies may help the program move faster.

Ginkgo Bioworks, a company that worked with federal agencies during the Covid pandemic, already assesses roughly half the nation’s commercial milk supply for bacteria, antibiotics and other substances.

Adding H5N1 to the list would be straightforward, so “why wouldn’t we just add assays into this infrastructure that we already have?” said Matt McKnight, a manager at the company’s biosecurity division.

Earlier this month, the Biden administration announced $306 million in new funding, about one-third of it for surveillance, testing and outreach to farmworkers.

But farmworkers in some places like the Texas Panhandle are still unaware of what bird flu is, how it spreads and why it should matter to them, said Bethany Alcauter, director of research and public health programs at the National Center for Farmworker Health.

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As a result, she said, many workers still do not use protective gear, including in milk parlors where the virus is thought to spread.

Human testing has been voluntary, and infections have been missed. Few farmworkers have opted to be tested, out of fear of immigration officials or their own employers.

“If you don’t look for it, you won’t find it, right?,” said Dr. Deborah Birx, who served as White House Coronavirus Response Coordinator under President Trump. “This is not about lockdowns or restricting activity. It’s about protecting the individual American by empowering them with the information.”

Health

Traveling Without Sight: How Blind and Visually Impaired Explorers Navigate the World

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Traveling Without Sight: How Blind and Visually Impaired Explorers Navigate the World

Luke walked beside me, one hand curled around my arm, the other tapping a gentle rhythm with his white cane. We were crossing the Taj Mahal’s grounds just after sunrise, the air already balmy and faintly perfumed. From the scattered murmur of tourists, Luke said he could sense a grand, open space around us. I described the Persian-style gardens — reflecting pools, clipped shrubs, stone walkways in perfect symmetry. Then I read aloud a sign: “Don’t make direct eye contact with monkeys.”

Near the mausoleum’s entrance, the ground changed — rough sandstone yielding to cool marble, smooth beneath our feet. I guided Luke’s hands to the white facade …

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As his fingers roamed, Luke recalled the photographs he’d seen as a child, before retinitis pigmentosa, a hereditary eye disease, gradually narrowed his vision and then, at 18, took it away.

“I get the impression of something opulent and magnificent,” he told me.

Inside, we joined the flow of tourists circling the tombs of Shah Jahan and his beloved, Mumtaz Mahal. Their voices echoed beneath the dome, drawn out into long, soft reverberations. In the past, this space carried recitations of the Quran — with acoustics meant to evoke the sound of paradise.

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Luke tilted his head toward the ceiling. “It’s almost like you’re inside a speaker,” he said.

I closed my eyes and listened.

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What does it mean to travel somewhere new and not be able to see it? That question led me on a 10-day journey through northern India’s Golden Triangle with Traveleyes, a British tour company that pairs visually impaired and sighted travelers.

So much of the language we use around travel — sightseeing, scenic vistas, must-see lists — assumes that the world is best, or only, understood through the eyes. But as the writer Pico Iyer wrote to me in an email before the trip: “Travel is not about seeing the sights so much as opening oneself up to the unfamiliar — a matter of perception and vision in a deeper sense.”

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Luke and a sighted guide on a stroll through Bundi, in the northwestern state of Rajasthan.

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For years, whenever I returned from a trip abroad, a friend of mine would ask: What did it smell like? I always fumbled for a meaningful answer. What layers of experience — what deeper kind of vision — had I been missing?

Amar Latif, a British entrepreneur, founded Traveleyes in 2004 to address the lack of accessible travel options for blind and visually impaired people. After losing most of his sight by age 18 because of retinitis pigmentosa, Mr. Latif struggled to travel independently. Mainstream tour companies often rejected him, insisting he bring a caregiver and excluding him from more adventurous activities like hiking and skiing. Those exclusions pushed him to create something of his own: a company that would allow blind travelers to explore the world without relying on friends or family. “Friends and family switch off,” he told me. “They’re not as eager to describe things.”

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Traveleyes runs on a simple but radical model: It pairs blind and sighted travelers as equal companions. Sighted participants assist with navigation and describe visual details — in exchange for a discounted trip — while blind travelers bring a fresh perspective that often deepens the experience for both. The company promises “a truly multisensory travel experience,” with itineraries designed to engage all five senses.

Destinations include Cuba, Eswatini and Britain’s Lake District, among many others, and trips often include immersive, tactile experiences: paragliding in the Canary Islands, kneading pizza dough in a Tuscan farmhouse, handling museum artifacts typically kept behind glass. On Lake Titicaca in Peru, locals built a miniature reed island for Traveleyes visitors to explore by touch. In Xi’an, China, they were granted rare permission to feel the terra-cotta warriors. To me, India — with its sensory onslaught of honking horns, potent smells, vivid colors, spices and heat — seemed like the perfect place to experience travel in its fullest, most immersive form.

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Traffic in Jaipur, Rajasthan’s capital.

After I booked my trip, Traveleyes sent me a “Sighted Guide Pack” — a short primer. “Don’t be nervous!” it began. “Guiding may seem daunting, but once you get into the swing of it, nothing could be easier.”

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No prior experience was required — just a friendly attitude and a willingness to describe what you saw. Each day, I’d be paired with a different visually impaired traveler — referred to as a “V.I.” — and together we’d find our rhythm.

I met the group at a hotel in New Delhi. Among the travelers were two women — one visually impaired — who had met on a previous Traveleyes trip; this was now their sixth journey together.

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The group passing through a street in Old Delhi.

On our first day I was paired with Daniel, a 38-year-old software consultant from Oxford. It was his 12th Traveleyes trip; he’d previously visited Romania, Bhutan and Jordan. Daniel had several eye conditions, including nystagmus, which causes involuntary eye movement and makes it difficult to focus or judge depth. He often held his phone just inches from his eyes.

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On a visit to Old Delhi, I guided Daniel barefoot through a Jain temple, fragrant with wafting incense and filled with soft instrumental music, and into the adjoining bird hospital, a rather crowded and grimy convalescent home for the winged and wounded. He gripped my arm lightly, reading shifts in elevation through subtle cues in the movement of my body. I told him when steps were coming, how many and in which direction. For tight entryways, I walked ahead, with my guiding arm behind me. I felt like I was getting into the swing of it.

Strolling in pairs through the tight, noisy streets of Old Delhi, our group of 18 made for a curious sight. It struck me how rare it is to see so many visually impaired travelers moving together — especially in a place that feels overwhelming even for the sighted. We navigated uneven pavement, wove around men carting guavas and sacks of cement.

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As our tour bus crawled through Delhi’s snarling traffic, Daniel reflected on how blind and visually impaired people make sense of the world. “Everyone builds the world in their own way,” he said. Some rely on the spatial qualities of sound, others on scent, or even the feel of air moving around them. “Even sighted people use some combination of these elements,” he pointed out. “But when you’re deprived of one, you compensate with the others — and everyone does that differently.”

The next day, on our drive to Agra, I was paired with Candie, a blind woman from Seattle who works in taxpayer advocacy at the Internal Revenue Service. Born with glaucoma, she could once detect light and the presence of large objects, but her vision gradually deteriorated. A decade ago, at 40, she had one eye removed and now has an ocular prosthesis.

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“The whole sights thing doesn’t thrill me,” she said. What excited her were immersive, hands-on experiences — zip lining, rappelling down waterfalls, white-water rafting. On a previous Traveleyes trip to Peru, she rode a rickety train and leaned out the window, arms in the wind as if she were on a roller coaster. In Costa Rica, she tried surfing.

Candie reading a Braille information plate at Humayun’s Tomb.

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Candie said she wanted to hear about “the reality of India.” She preferred descriptions of people — their behavior and appearances — over scenery. “Tell me what they’re doing,” she said. “Even if it’s just someone lying on a bench or sleeping on the sidewalk — that’s more interesting to me than, ‘There’s a tree over here with yellow leaves.’” I peered out the bus window. Along the roadside were barbers who’d hung mirrors on fences, shaving customers perched on low stools, and flower vendors threading marigold garlands. I told Candie how cars here drive on the left, and how clearly marked lane lines were almost universally ignored. Vendors had strung multicolored snack packets across the fronts of their stands like strands of vibrant beads.

“Oh, that’s interesting,” she said.

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We passed six-story apartment blocks with laundry fluttering from open windows.

“Hmm,” she said. “In a lot of places in the States, you can’t do that.”

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Marigolds for sale outside the 17th-century Jagdish Temple, in Udaipur.

At a truck stop cafeteria where we had lunch, I described the triangular structure of a samosa and the ingredients in dal, then used clock-face references to guide Candie to each item on her tray. She paid for the meal, carefully handling the rupee notes — colorful, textured bills adorned with traditional Indian motifs and Gandhi’s portrait at the center. I described those to her, too.

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I was beginning to notice how speaking these details aloud sharpened my perception. Things I might have otherwise overlooked or skimmed past — the kind of prosaic elements that quietly define a place, like the black-and-white stripes on New Delhi’s curbs or the mandala murals painted on highway overpasses — became more visible to me when I put them into words. In naming them, I was also etching them into memory.

In Agra, we joined the early-morning crowds jockeying for photographs of the Taj Mahal at dawn, its pale, glowing silhouette mirrored in the long reflecting pool. “They took a bunch of blind people to watch the sunrise — kind of funny,” Ann, a visually impaired traveler from England, said wryly. We toured the site in pairs; one sighted guide told me she described the domed mausoleum to her partner as a giant Hershey’s Kiss.

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One visually impaired traveler recalled his time inside the mausoleum as being deeply moving. “I heard this low, generic hum — almost like an ‘om’ — filling the space from people quietly talking,” he told me. “I realized that everyday conversation had created this peaceful resonance, like a background chant. Sighted people probably wouldn’t even hear it; they’re too busy snapping photos.”

We eventually arrived in Ranthambore, a town in Rajasthan near a national park that was once the private hunting grounds of the Jaipur royal family. Today, it’s considered one of the best places in India to spot wild Bengal tigers. Before our safari, in the hotel gift shop, I placed a tiger figurine in Candie’s hands. She ran her fingers along its long torso and stout legs, tracing the raised stripes.

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“Oh wow,” she said. “It’s much longer than I’d thought!”

We toured the park in an open-topped bus, its diesel engine rattling as we bounced along rutted dirt tracks that wound through dry forest, open meadows and rocky outcroppings. Every so often, our driver stopped at the sight of antelope, sambar deer or a quick-moving mongoose. Channeling David Attenborough, I narrated for Candie as a peacock fanned his feathers in a slow, deliberate courtship display.

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The next day, I experienced my own version of that thrill aboard an auto rickshaw in Bundi, a hillside town known for its blue-painted houses and ancient step wells. I was paired with Chris, an accessibility specialist for the British government. Highly expressive with his eyes, Chris explained that he had optic nerve hypoplasia, a congenital condition that left him with a “pinhole-camera-type view of the world.”

I closed my eyes as we climbed toward Bundi’s palace, perched above the town. The sudden jolting turns, the rush of wind, the blare of horns and the shifting smells — spices, incense, street food, exhaust, cow dung — turned the ride into a visceral blur of motion, sound and scent. I felt every brake, every bump and sway.

Chris described it much the same way. “I feel all the micromovements — it’s like a 1970s fairground ride,” he said as we twisted up the road. “A bit edgy. A bit bumpy. It jolts and pivots. It’s got that amusement park atmosphere.”

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As our group strolled in pairs through the center of Bundi, weaving between loitering cows and whizzing traffic, our local guide, Munish, paused at a street stall where a smiling man was stirring a drink made from a vivid green paste. He was, Munish explained, a government-authorized vendor of bhang, a traditional, cannabis-infused beverage.

Inexperienced but curious, a few of the V.I.s decided to try it. Later, Chris described how the high distorted his sense of time and space. Lying in his hotel room, the hum of the air-conditioner seemed to harmonize with the sound of the shower. Together, they sang.

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Over the course of the trip, I’d heard a few visually impaired travelers grumble that some of the sighted participants were being too heavy-handed in their approach to guiding — “overwarning and overcautioning,” as one put it. As we boarded the bus to Udaipur the next day, Suzie announced that some V.I.s felt as if they were being “passed around like furniture,” with items taken from their hands as if they were children. The issue was clear: Sighted guides sometimes forget that their V.I. companions are independent adults. “I’m another human being,” Susan, a V.I. from San Francisco, told me. “I’ll say what I need. When someone sees themselves as a helper, the whole relationship gets skewed.”

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Outside the Jagdish Temple, in Udaipur.

Traveleyes promotes guiding as companionship, not caregiving — someone to explore with, to share a drink at the hotel bar with, not someone to manage. But the lines can blur when you’re also escorting someone to a bathroom stall.

“It’s a little like a complex dance routine,” Chris told me. “You have to learn each other’s moves and try not to tread on each other’s toes, but you also have to give each other room to learn and grow.”

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On our long drives across the Rajasthani desert, past sand-colored cliffs and craggy outcroppings, Munish offered insights into Indian society — the caste system, arranged marriage, the law of karma. “If I can’t buy a Ferrari in this life, that’s fine,” he quipped, introducing the concept of reincarnation. “I’ll wait. I’ve got plenty more chances.”

One afternoon, he shared a well-known Hindu parable about six blind men who encounter an elephant for the first time. Each tries to describe it while touching a different body part. One, feeling a leg, insists the elephant is like a massive cow. “No, it’s a giant snake,” says another, gripping the trunk. A third, stroking a floppy ear, imagines a flying carpet.

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They argue, each convinced his perception is correct.

The moral, Munish explained, is that everyone experiences the world differently, and that no single viewpoint captures the whole picture. Understanding others’ perspectives, the parable teaches, is part of seeing the fuller truth.

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A street scene in Jaipur.

I thought about this later, on our train ride to Jaipur, when I asked Candie to share some of her most memorable moments from the trip. One had taken place in Delhi, just after she stepped off the bus at Humayun’s Tomb, a 16th-century Mughal mausoleum. She felt a small hand tap gently against her arm. Instinctively, she reached out and gave it a squeeze. The hand squeezed back.

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What struck her was the texture — rougher than any child’s hand she’d ever touched. She realized it must have belonged to a young beggar.

For Candie, that brief moment of contact was transporting — a brush with the unfamiliar. “I just wanted to hang out with them and find out as much as I could about their lives,” she told me. What had shaped those hands? What had they endured? What did survival look like, day to day?

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Murals at a railway station in Rajasthan.

It reminded me of something Mr. Latif told me about the difference between how blind and sighted people experience travel: For blind travelers, it’s like reading a book; for sighted ones, it’s more like watching a film.

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Sighted people tend to rely on immediate visual cues — architecture, color, landscape — forming quick, vivid impressions, like a movie that lays everything out on the screen. For blind travelers, Mr. Latif explained, the world reveals itself more slowly, through layers of sound, touch, scent and spatial awareness. It’s a more immersive, interpretive process — like reading a novel, where the story unfolds through detail and imagination.

“And the book,” he said, “is often better than the film version.”

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On the last day of our tour, in Jaipur, we visited a jewelry workshop and the Amber Palace, a hilltop fort of mirrored halls and ancient ramparts. Later, we stopped at a community-run elephant park, the kind of modest place where you can feed bananas to the animals.

Suzie guided Candie up to one of the elephants.

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Candie reached out, wrapped her arms around the elephant’s thick leg and slowly traced her hands along its limber trunk. I asked what it felt like.

She paused. “Honestly,” she said, “like a tall, obese man with a big, hairy leg.”

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Man with Celine Dion’s rare disease warns her comeback could be dangerous

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Man with Celine Dion’s rare disease warns her comeback could be dangerous

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A former marathon runner who was diagnosed with the same condition as Celine Dion worries that crowds could be a “trigger” during the singer’s recently announced comeback.

Jon Kelf, 56, was a five-time marathon runner before he was diagnosed with stiff-person syndrome (SPS) in 2019, SWNS reported. Dion revealed her own diagnosis in late 2022.

SPS causes progressive muscle stiffness and severe muscle spasms that can lead to chronic pain, falls and loss of mobility over time, according to UT Southwestern Medical Center.

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“In some cases, spasms are so severe that they can cause falls, broken bones and dislocated joints,” the center notes on its website.

While this rare condition is not fatal, its symptoms can dramatically affect a person’s quality of life.

Singer Celine Dion performs onstage during the 2017 Billboard Music Awards at T-Mobile Arena on May 21, 2017, in Las Vegas, Nevada. (Ethan Miller/Getty Images)

The disease is often triggered by emotional stress or noise, elements Kelf calls “particularly debilitating.” He shared with SWNS that he never expected Dion to perform again.

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 “I was a bit surprised. Especially when she talked about the dancing. I couldn’t dance before the diagnosis, let alone afterwards,” said Kelf, who has no medical involvement or knowledge of Dion’s case personally.

“Obviously, she has the resources to get the best treatment available, but even still, it’s quite remarkable.”

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In 2019, the former engineer started feeling his legs tighten up and stiffen anytime he was nervous or tense, but dismissed the odd sensations until one day, he stood and couldn’t move.

Kelf can now barely walk and has been forced to quit his job.

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A former marathon runner with stiff-person syndrome said crowds could be a trigger for Dion’s comeback. (Jon Kelf )

Dion has announced 10 shows in September and October at the 40,000-capacity Paris la Défense Arena, planned at three- to four-day intervals. 

The intervals will be crucial for Dion to pace herself, rest and medicate between shows, according to Kelf.

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“Everyone’s different, but I’m still surprised,” said Kelf, who added that the disease could “limit” the singer.

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“It’s challenging to live with, to say the least. You have to rearrange your entire life. There are good and bad days.”

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While Kelf is hopeful that Dion will be able to make the show work, he warned against underestimating the seriousness of the disorder.

Stiff-person syndrome causes stiffness of the limbs and muscles. Kelf can now barely walk and has been forced to quit his job. (Jon Kelf / SWNS)

“I think it could undermine how seriously people take us, other sufferers,” he told SWNS.

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While he views the tour as positive and inspiring, Kelf said he hopes it will lead to more support for others who are suffering.

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“Otherwise, people may look at her and think, ‘Why aren’t I doing more?’ which could ultimately have a negative impact.”

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“If I’m out in public, people don’t see the worst of it,” he added. “It’s the same with her, they only see the good side.”

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Fox News Digital reached out to Dion’s representatives for comment.

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Drug-soaked paper is killing inmates amid reports of prison smuggling trends

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Drug-soaked paper is killing inmates amid reports of prison smuggling trends

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A dangerous drug smuggling trend has been reported among U.S. jails and prisons, highlighting a growing health risk.

Synthetic cannabinoids have been increasingly detected in fatal overdoses among incarcerated individuals, according to a recent alert from The Center for Forensic Science Research & Education (CFSRE).

These man-made psychoactive substances are designed to mimic the effects of THC, the primary active component of cannabis.

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Reports have also revealed that synthetic cannabinoids are increasingly being smuggled into correctional facilities on common paper items, such as letters, greeting cards, books, postcards and magazines.

The CFSRE has previously warned of “drug-soaked paper strips” causing overdoses among incarcerated individuals.

A dangerous drug smuggling trend has been reported among U.S. jails and prisons, highlighting a growing health risk. (iStock)

In many cases, the papers are laced with a “potpourri” of synthetic cannabinoids mixed with other dangerous drugs, officials noted.

“While it’s impossible to know exactly why people are cooking up these combinations, I suspect they are simply ordering these substances from China or India and mixing them with very little understanding of how different substances interact or what constitutes a lethal dose,” Alex Krotulski, director of toxicology and chemistry for the CFSRE, told a local outlet.

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In a December 2024 study, the CFSRE found that the paper strips it examined primarily contained “synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists, nitazene opioids, and other novel psychoactive substances.”

The drug-laced papers have been found to cause “severe health outcomes,” including central nervous system depression (slowed brain activity) and bradycardia (slowed heart rate), the agency stated.

In many cases, the papers are laced with a “potpourri” of synthetic cannabinoids mixed with other dangerous drugs, officials noted. (iStock)

Cook County Jail in Chicago, which houses nearly 5,000 detainees, has reported increasing cases of smugglers soaking paper with synthetic drugs and sending them into the jail through mail or visitors.

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In 2023, the jail’s administration confirmed 18 total deaths of prisoners in custody. Five of those were caused by overdose, with three involving synthetic cannabinoids, according to Cook County Medical Examiner records.

“I cannot stress how serious this is,” Dr. Priscilla Ware, who oversees Cook County Correctional Health and is medical director of Cermak Health Services, told a local outlet in November 2023. “People are dying from this product every single day when they use it.”

“I cannot stress how serious this is.”

To address the growing trend of soaking paper with cannabinoids, the jail’s administrators reportedly implemented a ban on paper in April 2023.

In 2024, Cook County Sheriff Tom Dart told a local outlet that while overdose deaths were lower that year, drug-soaked paper smuggling continues to be an issue.

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“Unfortunately, it has been common to see test results for drug-soaked paper come back with two or three dangerous drugs, and we know that the people who produce this paper often included toxic chemicals, such as insecticides and rat poison, in their ‘recipes,’” Dart told the outlet. 

“That was alarming enough. But to see these results come back with a half dozen or more dangerous synthetic drugs – any one of which could be fatal on its own – is terrifying.”

Cook County Jail in Chicago (not pictured), which houses nearly 5,000 detainees, has reported increasing cases of smugglers soaking paper with synthetic drugs and sending them into the jail through mail or visitors. (iStock)

In July 2024, Cook County reportedly seized three pieces of paper that were suspected to be laced with drugs. Testing by CFSRE found that the papers contained up to 10 separate dangerous synthetic drugs, including protonitazene (a synthetic opioid up to three times more powerful than fentanyl) and xylazine (a powerful animal sedative known as “tranq” or “zombie drug”).

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Cook County noted in an August 2024 press release that drug-laced papers have been known to sell for $10,000 per page.

The issue appears to extend beyond Chicago, as The New York Times has reported that at least 16 states have prosecuted people for smuggling drug-laced papers into jails and prisons.

“It represents a broader and very troubling shift in how highly potent synthetic drugs are being distributed, concealed and consumed across multiple settings,” one addiction specialist said. (iStock)

“Drug‑soaked paper allows extremely powerful substances — synthetic cannabinoids, opioids and other novel compounds — to be delivered invisibly, without smell or obvious residue, making detection difficult in many environments,” Dr. Adam Scioli, chief medical officer of Caron Treatment Centers in Pennsylvania, told Fox News Digital.

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Scioli said the “drug‑impregnated paper” should not be viewed as a problem limited to prisons. 

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“It represents a broader and very troubling shift in how highly potent synthetic drugs are being distributed, concealed and consumed across multiple settings,” he said. “The same delivery method can easily affect schools, mail rooms, shelters, treatment centers and private homes — any place where paper moves freely and inspection is limited.”

The fact that paper can be handled or shared unintentionally raises the risk not only of overdose, but of accidental exposure to staff, family members or bystanders, Scioli cautioned.

“The same delivery method can easily affect schools, mail rooms, shelters, treatment centers and private homes.”

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To reduce accidental exposure and to protect both the public and frontline workers, Scioli calls for early detection and screening tools.

“Expanding access to evidence‑based addiction treatment, including medications for opioid and alcohol use disorder, directly lowers demand for illicit and high‑risk substances,” he added.

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“A coordinated response that includes healthcare, public safety, mail systems and community education is essential — this cannot be solved by enforcement alone.”

Fox News Digital reached out to Cook County Jail requesting comment.

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