Health
Medication Abortions Are Increasing: What They Are and Where Women Get Them
Taking drugs to finish a being pregnant accounts for a rising share of abortions in america, each authorized and never. If the Supreme Court docket overturns Roe v. Wade as anticipated, remedy abortion will play a bigger position, particularly amongst ladies who lose entry to abortion clinics.
What’s remedy abortion?
It’s a routine of drugs that girls can take at dwelling, a way more and more used around the globe.
The protocol authorized to be used in america consists of two drugs. The primary one, mifepristone, blocks a hormone known as progesterone that’s mandatory for a being pregnant to proceed. The second, misoprostol, brings on uterine contractions.
When can or not it’s used?
The Meals and Drug Administration has authorized remedy abortion for as much as 10 weeks of being pregnant. World Well being Group pointers say it may be used as much as 12 weeks at dwelling, and after 12 weeks in a medical workplace.
Is it efficient, and is it secure?
Sure on each counts.
In U.S. research, the mix of those drugs causes a whole abortion in additional than 99 p.c of sufferers, and is as secure as the standard abortion process administered by a physician in a clinic. A wide range of analysis has discovered that remedy abortion has low charges of antagonistic occasions, and a latest Lancet examine discovered that sufferers are typically happy with it. Rising proof from abroad means that abortion drugs are secure even amongst ladies who shouldn’t have a physician to advise them.
“Some individuals nonetheless assume we’re speaking about one thing harmful or accomplished out of desperation, however more and more this info is turning into extra mainstream,,” mentioned Abigail R.A. Aiken, an affiliate professor on the College of Texas at Austin who leads a analysis group there on remedy abortion.
Who makes use of this methodology?
About half of people that get authorized abortions in america (and three-quarters in Europe). Through the pandemic, remedy abortion turned extra frequent as a result of sufferers wished to keep away from going to clinics in particular person, and a change in federal regulation made it simpler for them to get prescriptions by way of telemedicine.
It normally comes right down to sufferers’ private desire, mentioned Dr. Maria Isabel Rodriguez, an affiliate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Oregon Well being and Sciences College, who has labored on abortion analysis and coverage design. “Some individuals like surgical, as a result of it’s over with quicker, they’re in a position to have anesthesia, and it’s completed in an outlined time,” she mentioned. “Medicine can really feel extra non-public, some need it at their very own dwelling, some say it feels extra pure for them, and a few say it feels extra potential to course of a loss.”
Medicine abortion can also be utilized by those that stay in a spot that restricts authorized abortion or by those that can’t attain a clinic. The U.S. abortion fee is greater than formally reported by medical doctors, proof suggests, as a result of individuals are ordering drugs on-line. That invisible abortion fee could rise if extra states transfer to ban abortion.
Who prescribes abortion drugs?
Medical doctors with a particular registration required by the F.D.A.
But it surely not too long ago lifted guidelines that required an in-person appointment. Meaning extra suppliers are providing remedy abortions by means of telemedicine. The physician and affected person meet on-line, then the physician sends drugs to the affected person’s dwelling by means of the mail. (Some brick-and-mortar pharmacies have change into licensed to fill prescriptions for the drugs, however this isn’t but frequent.)
New start-ups specializing in telemedicine abortions, like Hey Jane and Simply the Capsule, have begun providing the service in states that enable it. However 19 states prohibit drugs from being prescribed by telemedicine or delivered by way of mail. In these locations, sufferers nonetheless have to see a physician in particular person to choose up the drugs. Different states ban remedy abortion after a sure variety of weeks.
If Roe is overturned, about half of states are anticipated to ban abortion altogether, and drugs abortion is anticipated to change into a authorized battleground.
What about drugs from abroad?
On-line pharmacies abroad promote the drugs. A company known as Assist Entry provides ladies in all 50 states recommendation and prescriptions from European medical doctors earlier than delivery drugs from India. These extralegal channels are gaining popularity as abortion turns into tougher to entry in some states. After Texas enacted a regulation in September that banned abortion after about six weeks, requests to Assist Entry for abortion drugs tripled.
The F.D.A. has requested these teams to cease gross sales of those drugs into america, saying they circumvent U.S. drug security protocols. However researchers who’ve analyzed the drugs in laboratories have discovered that drugs ordered utilizing these providers are typically genuine.
The second of the 2 drugs within the official routine, misoprostol, may also finish a being pregnant when used alone. It’s round 80 p.c efficient by itself, though it typically needs to be taken greater than as soon as. That capsule can also be used to deal with ulcers, and is obtainable over-the-counter in lots of international locations, together with Mexico. However the one F.D.A.-approved methodology in america is to make use of each drugs.
An evolving panorama. Girls’s entry to abortion continues to be debated across the globe. Right here’s a take a look at the state of affairs in some international locations:
The Subject of Abortion Across the World
Are drugs from abroad authorized?
No. It’s unlawful to promote prescription drugs to Individuals with no prescription from a physician licensed in america. However enforcement of abroad suppliers has been unusual, as it’s with different drugs Individuals order from overseas. And gross sales can be laborious to cease as a result of the drugs typically are available unmarked packages within the mail.
“I’m not there, so I don’t have any authorized threat,” mentioned Dr. Rebecca Gomperts, the Dutch doctor who runs Assist Entry, and says she has legal professionals advising her, each at dwelling and in america. “I do know from the place I’m, I’m complying with the regulation.”
Generally, latest state legal guidelines don’t punish ladies for acquiring abortions, however have centered enforcement on abortion suppliers. The exception is older legal guidelines in South Carolina, Oklahoma and Nevada. That would change if Roe is overturned and if illicit remedy abortions change into extra frequent.
“It isn’t a codified crime to self-manage abortion” in all however these three states, mentioned Farah Diaz-Tello, senior counsel and authorized director for If/When/How, a reproductive rights coverage and advocacy group. “However it isn’t lawful for an individual to hunt prescription remedy with no prescription.”
What’s the course of like?
The primary capsule, mifepristone, usually has no discernible impact on sufferers. The second, misoprostol, taken 24 to 48 hours later, causes cramping and bleeding that builds in depth, Dr. Rodriguez mentioned.
The method lasts about six to eight hours, and is most intense for about one hour. She recommends sufferers keep dwelling, with out different obligations. Ibuprofen and a heating pad are additionally beneficial, as a result of the ache might be sturdy and the bleeding is far heavier than for a interval. After the being pregnant has handed, the cramping and clotting cease, although ladies typically bleed, just like a interval, for a couple of week.
In uncommon circumstances, lower than 1 p.c of the time, a affected person has heavier-than-expected bleeding and wishes medical care. Equally not often, the abortion isn’t full and must be adopted up with one other dose or a surgical abortion. Girls who’ve these issues might be handled by a physician with expertise treating miscarriages; the signs and therapy are the identical. As soon as a drugs abortion is begun, it can’t be reversed.
Health
How Kathy Bates Lost 100 Lbs—Plus Her Tips for Sustainable Weight Loss
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Health
California fires and mental health toll: Celebrities and therapists offer tips
As Los Angeles battles the worst wildfires in the city’s history, thousands of people have been displaced or have seen their homes burn to the ground.
Around 130,000 people were ordered to evacuate and some 10,000 structures were destroyed, according to the Associated Press. At least 10 people have died as a result of the blazes.
The devastation of the fires has undoubtedly taken a grave toll on the psyches of those affected, experts agree.
STEVE GUTTENBERG CALLS LA WILDFIRES ‘GREAT EQUALIZER,’ URGES PEOPLE TO LEAN ON ONE ANOTHER
Fox News Digital spoke with celebrities and mental health experts, who offered the following guidance for the people impacted.
Recognize your feelings
For those who have experienced a loss from the fires, common reactions include shock, disbelief and confusion, according to David Kessler, a grief counselor in Los Angeles and founder of Grief.com.
“I call it grief brain,” he told Fox News Digital.
“Your mind is trying to comprehend what happened, and it’s a hard thing for it to do, because this is unimaginable that your house, your safety, is suddenly gone.”
Not all grief is related to death, Kessler noted, as there are many different types of losses.
“I always say grief is a change you didn’t want — and certainly a fire is a change we didn’t want,” he added.
WHAT IS PTSD? SYMPTOMS THAT CAN EMERGE AFTER EXPERIENCING A TRAUMATIC EVENT
It’s important to “self-validate” the reality of the loss, he said.
“People might give you toxic positivity of, ‘well, at least no one died,’” he said. “And while that’s true, the reality is you still have lost your home. Don’t let anyone minimize that.”
“The loss of a home is devastating and it can take years to recover.”
“I think we’re going to deal with a lot of depression after this, a lot of sadness.”
Actor Steve Guttenberg, who lives in Pacific Palisades, California, where fires erupted on Tuesday, shared how the disaster has impacted his own mental health.
“I’ve seen so much tragedy the last three or four days that I’ve got to be careful to … keep a hold of my mind,” he said in an interview with Fox News Digital.
“And I think that we’re going to deal with a lot of depression after this, a lot of sadness. And it’s going to be really tough because this is like nothing you’ve ever seen.”
Gutenberg noted that while it’s “very normal” to be down, he is trying not to let himself “go down that hole.”
“But I’m pretty sad about this,” he added.
HOW TO COPE WITH ‘COLLECTIVE GRIEF’ WHEN MASS TRAGEDY STRIKES
Jonathan Alpert, a psychotherapist in Manhattan and Washington, D.C., noted that the grief following the Los Angeles fires is “profound.”
“It’s not just about the physical loss of homes or belongings — it’s also about the sense of safety and normalcy that has been lost,” he told Fox News Digital.
“It’s important for people to feel emotions and not ignore them. This is a normal reaction to such overwhelming loss and tragedy.”
Reach out for support
Guttenberg emphasized the importance of maintaining connections with others and drawing support from the community during a disaster of this magnitude.
“We’re social animals — we need people,” he said. “So I’m reaching out to my friends. There’s no way to meet right now because it’s so dangerous — so the best thing you cn do … is call and reach out and maybe you can drive somewhere.”
Most of the people in town have evacuated, he pointed out. “There’s probably 10% of the population left here. Or less.”
Kessler reiterated that connection is critical after this type of trauma. “We need to be taken care of. We need other people around us. People equal safety,” he said.
“We need other people around us. People equal safety.”
Pastor Jesse Bradley of Grace Community Church outside Seattle, Washington, agreed that it’s essential to avoid isolating yourself after a loss.
“We need God and we need each other. Community is vital,” he told Fox News Digital.
“Family, friends and neighbors care about you. God sends His love through these people. Reject isolation. Don’t shut down and don’t shut people out.”
Take action
“In times of crisis such as this, regaining even small amounts of control can be grounding,” Alpert said.
He recommends creating a plan for what’s next, whether it’s finding temporary housing, accessing local resources or starting the process of rebuilding.
“Taking action — no matter how small — can help you move forward.”
Kessler agreed, noting that people who are in the area but did not experience loss may feel a sense of relief mixed with guilt.
“If you do have survivor’s guilt, I always say the best thing is to take action,” he advised.
In the longer term, advocacy efforts can be a powerful tool in dealing with trauma, Alpert noted.
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“Working to improve fire prevention policies, supporting relief efforts or helping neighbors rebuild can provide a sense of purpose and empowerment during this difficult time,” he said.
Some people may be angry about the systems that failed to prevent the fires in the first place, Alpert acknowledged, and this anger can be a “powerful motivator.”
“Taking action — no matter how small — can help you move forward.”
“Use that energy to demand better, but don’t get stuck on the anger,” he advised.
“By holding leaders accountable for the policies — or lack thereof — that contributed to this devastation, and by asking the right questions and demanding answers, you might start to feel better.”
Seek professional help as needed
“The L.A. fires no doubt will not just leave physical scars, but deep emotional ones, too,” Alpert said.
“For many people, the fear, panic and helplessness experienced during the fires don’t just disappear — they linger, creating flashbacks, anxiety and difficulty functioning.”
In many cases, this can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Symptoms of this condition can include vivid memories of the fires, nightmares, hypervigilance or avoidance of anything that reminds someone of the event, Alpert said.
“It’s important to see this not as weakness, but rather, the mind’s and body’s way of trying to cope with extreme stress.”
“While the fires were devastating, they don’t diminish your strength or character.”
As you seek help, it’s also important to understand that PTSD doesn’t define you, he added.
“It’s a part of your experience, not your identity. While the fires were devastating, they didn’t diminish your strength or character.”
Lean on your faith
For those who have experienced traumatic grief, Kessler emphasized the importance of faith and spirituality.
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“They help ground us in a world full of fear,” he said. “And when we’ve lost everything, it can feel like our faith is the one thing we have to hold onto.”
During a time of crisis, Guttenberg said it’s important to “rely on anything that you believe in.”
“If you believe in your mom and dad, you rely on them, your brothers and sisters, your friends, your family. God, the universe.”
Above all, he added, “Just remember, you’re not alone. God is always with you. Jesus is always with you. You’ve got to hang on to that.”
Find ways to exercise gratitude
During times of hardship, it’s important to recognize the good things that are still in your life, Pastor Bradley said.
“It’s easy to be consumed with what you no longer have,” he told Fox News Digital.
For more Health articles, visit www.foxnews.com/health
“You need to be intentional to take inventory of the blessings in your life. For example, you might lose a home or business, but you still have family.”
This mindset will help you keep a healthy perspective and protect gratitude, Bradley added.
Health
Scientists May Be Able to Make Grapefruits Compatible With Medications They Currently Interfere With
You may be among the millions of people who have seen a surprisingly specific warning like this on the labels of drugs you take:
Avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while using this medication.
Such warnings are issued for dozens of substances, including docetaxel, a cancer drug; erythromycin, an antibiotic; and some statins, the cholesterol-lowering drugs prescribed to more than a third of American adults over 40.
The problem is a set of molecules, furanocoumarins. High levels of furanocoumarins interfere with human liver enzymes, among other processes. In their presence, medications can build up to unhealthy levels in the body. And grapefruits and some related citrus fruits are full of them.
But there is no such warning for other kinds of citrus, such as mandarins and other oranges. Citrus researchers at the Volcani Center in Israel reported Wednesday in the journal The New Phytologist that, by crossing mandarins and grapefruit, they’ve uncovered genes that produce furanocoumarins in some citrus fruits. It’s a finding that opens the possibility of creating grapefruit that doesn’t require a warning label.
Scientists had worked out the compounds’ structures and pieced together a basic flowchart of how they are made years ago, said Yoram Eyal, a professor at the Volcani Center. But the precise identities of enzymes catalyzing the process — the proteins that snip off a branch here, or add a piece there — remained mysterious. He and his colleagues knew that one way to identify them was to breed citrus high in furanocoumarins with those without. If the offspring of such a cross had varying levels of the substances, it should be possible, by digging into their genetics, to pinpoint the genes for the proteins.
“We were afraid to approach it, because it’s very time-consuming and it takes many years,” he said, noting how involved it can be to grow new trees from seeds and assess their genetics. “But finally, we decided we have to dive in.”
When they examined the offspring of a mandarin and a grapefruit, the researchers saw something remarkable. Fifty percent of the young plants had high levels of furanocourmains, and 50 percent had none. That particular signature meant something very specific, in terms of how the ability to make these substances is inherited.
“We saw there was only one gene that could have controlled it,” said Livnat Goldenberg, a Volcani Center researcher who is the lead author of the new study.
The researchers soon identified the gene controlling the production of furanocoumarins in leaves and fruit, which produces an enzyme called 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, or 2OGD for short. Mandarins, it turns out, have a mutated form of this gene that keeps the enzyme from functioning properly. This version cropped up in all the mandarin and orange varieties the researchers checked, explaining why they do not cause the same problems as grapefruit in people taking prescription medications. In these plants, furanocoumarin production is paused.
With gene editing technology, it should be possible to alter the gene in grapefruit as well, Dr. Eyal suggests. The team at the Volcani Center is now exploring that project.
Looking at how widespread this mutated version is in mandarins and some other citrus, the scientists speculate that some gene nearby on the genome must play an important role in a highly prized trait. A long-ago citrus breeder, selecting for some unknown quality, must have unwittingly spread this furanocoumarin-busting version of the gene to an ancestor of modern varieties of mandarins and oranges.
All these years later, that person’s work is coming to light, under the gaze of geneticists, who may, someday, put grapefruit back on the menu.
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