Health
Hiker's death in Utah spotlights need for safety protocols on the trail
A female hiker died on Sunday on a trail near near Quail Creek State Park in southern Utah, according to local reports.
The woman, 56, who was not identified in the report, had sent out a distress call regarding lack of water and high temperatures, but by the time police arrived, she was unresponsive and pronounced dead at the scene.
The local temperature was 106 degrees Fahrenheit when the woman’s death was reported.
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This recent hiking death and others, many of them heat-related, have spotlighted the need for safety protocols.
While experts agree that hiking is considered a good form of exercise, they stress the importance of being prepared before heading out on the trail, especially during the hot summer months.
Outdoor enthusiasts shared the following important tips to help prevent hiking hazards.
1. Study the hiking area before your trip
Before heading out on a hike, familiarize yourself with maps, landmarks and any restricted areas or required permits, say trail experts.
“Research the terrain, trail difficulty, weather conditions and local wildlife,” Joey Coe, a trip leader for Backroads, a California-based travel touring company, told Fox News Digital.
Coe also suggested saving a photo of the trail map on your phone to reference while hiking.
Although cell phones and mapping apps can be helpful, it is important to have a backup paper map in the event of a lost signal, according to Guy deBrun, a lecturer at the Hart School of Hospitality, Sport & Recreation Management at James Madison University in Virginia.
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“Knowledge of how to use a paper map is imperative,” deBrun, who is also an instructor in wilderness first aid, told Fox News Digital in an email.
Hikers should also know the difficulty level of the planned route, according to the American Hiking Society, a nonprofit based in Silver Springs, Maryland.
“It’s also helpful to identify possible emergency exit points,” Maggie Peikon, manager of communications with the American Hiking Society, told Fox News Digital via email.
Online forums and trail reviews can also provide valuable information about the terrain, she added.
2. Set a ‘time plan’ for your hike
Whether you are setting off alone or with a group, let someone know your expected time frame for arriving at predetermined spots along the trail, experts recommend.
“Knowledge of how to use a paper map is imperative.”
One approach is to create a “time control plan,” which considers linear distance and elevation.
A general rule of thumb is to travel two miles per hour, adding one mile for every 1,000 feet of elevation gain.
“Most novices fail to plan for elevation gain,” deBrun told Fox News Digital.
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“One thousand feet of elevation gain adds one mile to your total mileage. So, if you are hiking five miles and gaining 2,000 feet, you [should] consider it seven miles. Divide by two miles an hour to estimate your time.”
It is also important to project the amount of daylight you will have during your excursion to avoid returning in the dark if you don’t have the necessary gear to hike at night.
3. Know your limits
It’s best to start small and build, starting with short, easy, well-marked trails that match your fitness level, experts agreed.
“Take breaks as needed, and don’t push too hard,” said Coe.
Peikon added, “If you’re feeling too tired, or realize you’re not going to make it to your destination within the time frame you prepared for, turn around and err on the side of caution.”
It’s also important to stay on the trail, she said.
“Avoid taking shortcuts. Getting off the trail for any reason can easily result in becoming directionally disoriented and getting lost.”
4. Maintain a safe distance when hiking
Aim to keep a distance of at least a few feet between hikers to avoid accidents and allow space for wildlife, experts advised.
For people hiking in a group, it’s best to avoid taking up the whole trail width, according to the American Hiking Society.
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Hikers going downhill should yield to those going uphill.
Also, be wary of potential poisonous vegetation in that region so you can keep a safe distance and avoid accidental contact, experts cautioned.
5. Prepare for weather conditions
Hikers should consider local weather patterns when deciding what to wear on a hike, experts told Fox News Digital.
“In many mountainous areas, lightning storms regularly occur in the afternoon,” deBrun said. “Hikers should take this into account.”
Coe recommended dressing in layers to help adjust to changing temperatures.
“Moisture-wicking, quick-drying materials are best,” he said.
Bring a hat, sunglasses, sunscreen and rain gear, experts advised.
For family hiking trips, it’s important to be aware of children’s body temperature. “If you are carrying a child, he or she may be cold while you are burning up,” Peikon said.
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“Conversely, you may feel chilled while your child is warm from running around and playing.”
If multiple children are on the hike, dress them in bright, visible clothing so you can more easily spot them, Peikon said.
6. Wear comfortable, supportive footwear
Multiple hiking trip leaders suggested wearing sturdy, well-fitted hiking boots with good ankle support.
“Break them in before your trip to avoid blisters,” Coe cautioned.
Running shoes or trail runners can be appropriate, deBrun said, but hiking boots may be more appropriate in wet or rocky terrain.
7. Bring along essential equipment
Pack a compass or GPS, whistle, flashlight, a basic first aid kit and trekking poles (if needed), said experts.
Teach children to blow the whistle several times in the event they wander away from the group, they also advised.
Pack a compass or GPS, whistle, flashlight, a basic first aid kit and trekking poles (if needed).
“Be aware of your group’s medical needs and any potential allergies,” Coe said.
Hikers might also want to consider taking a wilderness first aid course, he added.
In areas where bears are prevalent, experts suggest packing bear spray to use in the event of an unexpected encounter.
It’s also a good idea to check with local animal experts about how to navigate an encounter with wildlife.
8. Stay fueled and hydrated
Pack lightweight, high-energy foods such as nuts, dried fruit, energy bars and sandwiches, and avoid bringing perishable items unless you have proper storage, experts said.
It is also important to leave no trace of food behind.
“Carry out all trash and leftover food to avoid attracting wildlife and to prevent littering,” Coe advised.
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Packing enough water is essential.
“Bring at least half a liter of water for every hour you plan to be hiking,” Peikon said — even more when hiking in the heat.
Very few water sources are safe to drink without purification, deBrun cautioned.
“Research water sources and bring a water purification system for longer hikes,” he said.
9. Use caution with cellphones and selfies
Selfies can distract hikers from their surroundings, which can increase the risk of falls or cause them to miss a hazard, according to hiking experts.
“It is always tragic to hear of fatalities due to selfies, which does happen every year in U.S. national parks,” Coe told Fox News Digital.
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If you need to use your phone, stop walking and stay aware of your surroundings, he said.
“Use your phone only for emergency calls and navigation as needed,” Coe added.
Melissa Rudy of Fox News Digital contributed reporting.
Health
Words and game of Scrabble keep married couple in wedded bliss for decades
A married couple who have long enjoyed the game of Scrabble both together and separately before they even met are never at a loss for words — and attribute their wedded bliss in part to their love of the nostalgic game.
They’re still playing in tournaments built around the game decades after they began doing so.
Graham Harding and his wife Helen Harding, both in their 60s, have been married for over 20 years.
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They met in the 1990s at Scrabble tournaments, as news agency SWNS reported.
But it was a “special match” in 2000 that brought the couple together — and has kept them together now.
Graham Harding is from the East Berkshire Scrabble Club, while his wife Helen is from the Leicester Scrabble Club in the U.K.
They have been taking part in the UK Open Scrabble Championship in Reading this week.
“The more words you know, the more ammunition you’ve got.”
“Scrabble is all about having a good vocabulary,” said Graham Harding, SWNS noted.
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“But it is a Scrabble vocabulary — not necessarily everyday English.”
Added Helen Harding, “The more words you know, the more ammunition you’ve got.”
The couple said they were “vague acquaintances” for about five years after they first met.
Then they got together after a special match in Swindon.
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They maintained a long-distance relationship before they got married in 2004.
The couple even brought their Scrabble board to their wedding.
It featured a message with Scrabble pieces that said, “Congratulations on your wedding day” — while their wedding cake said, in Scrabble letters, “Helen and Graham.”
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They each took up the hobby early in life well before they met each other.
The tournament that’s been taking place this week is the first since the COVID pandemic after a five-year break — and the couple has played some two dozen games in it as of Friday, SWNS reported.
Health
Deep sleep can keep two big health problems at bay, new studies suggest
It might be worth working a little bit harder to get that much-desired, but often elusive, good night’s sleep.
Deep sleep clears the mind of waste just as a “dishwasher” cleans dirty plates and glasses, just-published research suggests — and there’s more.
The findings also offer insights into how sleeping pills may disrupt the “brainwashing” system — potentially affecting cognitive function for people over the long run.
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Study senior author professor Maiken Nedergaard of the University of Rochester and the University of Copenhagen said norepinephrine (a neurotransmitter and hormone) triggers blood vessels to contract — generating slow pulsations that create a rhythmic flow in the surrounding fluid to carry away waste, news agency SWNS noted.
Said Nedergaard, “It’s like turning on the dishwasher before you go to bed and waking up with a clean brain. . . . We’re essentially asking what drives this process and trying to define restorative sleep based on” this “glymphatic clearance.”
The brain has a built-in waste removal process – the glymphatic system – that circulates fluid in the brain and spinal cord to clear out waste, according to the scientists.
The process helps remove toxic proteins that form sticky plaques linked to neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease.
But the scientists indicated that what drives the system was unclear until now, according to the study.
Is all sleep created equal? The researchers wanted to find out.
To find clues, Nedergaard and her team looked into what happens in mice when their brains sleep, as SWNS reported of the study. The team focused on the relationship between norepinephrine and blood flow during deep sleep.
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They found that norepinephrine waves correlate to variations in brain blood volume — suggesting that norepinephrine triggers a rhythmic pulsation in the blood vessels. The researchers then compared the changes in blood volume to brain fluid flow.
The brain fluid flow fluctuates in correspondence to blood volume changes, suggesting the vessels act as pumps to propel the surrounding brain fluid to flush out waste.
Natalie Hauglund of the University of Copenhagen and the University of Oxford, the study’s lead author, said, “You can view norepinephrine as [the] conductor of an orchestra.”
She added, “There’s a harmony in the constriction and dilation of the arteries, which then drives the cerebrospinal fluid through the brain to remove the waste products.”
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Hauglund said she wanted to understand whether all sleep is created equal.
To find out, the research team administered zolpidem, a common drug to aid sleep, to mice.
“If people aren’t getting the full benefits of sleep, they should be aware of that, so they can make informed decisions.”
They found that the norepinephrine waves during deep sleep were 50% lower in zolpidem-treated mice than in naturally sleeping mice.
Although the zolpidem-treated mice fell asleep more quickly — fluid transport into the brain dropped more than 30%, as SWNS reported.
The researchers say their findings, published in the journal Cell, suggest that the sleeping aid may disrupt the norepinephrine-driven waste clearance during sleep.
Hauglund said, “More and more people are using sleep medication, and it’s really important to know if that’s healthy sleep. If people aren’t getting the full benefits of sleep, they should be aware of that, so they can make informed decisions.”
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The research team said the findings likely apply to humans, who also have a glymphatic system, although it requires further testing.
Nedergaard added, “Now we know norepinephrine is driving the cleaning of the brain, we may figure out how to get people a long and restorative sleep.”
For more Health articles, visit www.foxnews.com/health
Meanwhile, a lack of sleep may be doing more damage than just making people groggy.
It could be sabotaging the brain’s ability to keep intrusive thoughts at bay.
Another new study, this one published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, found that sleep deprivation weakens the brain’s defense against unwanted memories, allowing them to flood the mind, according to the New York Post.
“We show that sleep deprivation disrupts prefrontal inhibition of memory retrieval, and that the overnight restoration of this inhibitory mechanism is associated with time spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep,” the scientists said.
Health
How Kathy Bates Lost 100 Lbs—Plus Her Tips for Sustainable Weight Loss
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