Fitness
Fitness Experts Share Their Number-1 Aerobic Exercise Tip for Longevity
As strength-training after the age of 50 has been steadily rising in popularity in recent years, love for traditional cardiovascular or aerobic exercise has been on the decline. Still, making this form of exercise a regular part of your routine is just as important to maintaining your vitality as you age—and following the below aerobic exercise tips for 50 plus can help you get the most out of every session.
According to the Cleveland Clinic, aerobic exercise is any activity that you do continuously that increases your heart rate, such as walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, or dancing. “Regular aerobic activity helps mitigate risks like cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and bone density loss by improving heart health, managing body composition, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and reducing systemic inflammation,” said Mark Kovacs, Ph.D., C.S.C.S., a human performance scientist and longevity expert.
These benefits become especially important during and after menopause, when your risk of developing osteoporosis and heart disease go up. “Estrogen helps keep blood vessels flexible and cholesterol levels in check,” explained Brooke Bussard, M.D., a certified personal trainer and owner of Brooke’s Balanced Blueprint, a lifestyle medicine health coaching practice in Baltimore, MD. “When estrogen drops, regular aerobic exercise helps pick up the slack by keeping your circulatory system healthy.”
In fact, adults at 50 with ideal cardiovascular health are expected to live an additional 36.2 years, on average, while adults with poor cardiovascular health were only expected to live an additional 27.3 years, according to a 2023 study in the journal Circulation.
Meet the experts: Mark Kovacs, Ph.D., C.S.C.S., is a human performance scientist and longevity expert. Brooke Bussard, M.D., is a certified personal trainer and owner of Brooke’s Balanced Blueprint, a lifestyle medicine health coaching practice in Baltimore, MD.
The best part? You don’t need to run marathons or swim hundreds of laps to get the benefits. You don’t need to be an experienced exerciser either. So whether you’re just getting started or looking for ways to mix up your exercise regimen, these expert-backed tips will help you feel better and healthier for years to come.
Just be sure to check with your doctor before starting a new fitness routine, especially if you have high blood pressure or any heart problems, including heart disease. And if you feel off while exercising, get medical help right away.
How to get the most out of aerobic exercise at 50 plus
1. Aim for 150 minutes a week—but break it into small chunks.
The CDC recommends 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week. But “this is a minimum recommendation,” said Kovacs: People who worked out two to four times above the moderate physical activity recommendations (about 300 to 599 minutes each week) saw the most benefit in a 2022 study published in Circulation.
Still, something is better than nothing. “The best plan is the one you can stick with,” said Dr. Bussard, who recommends walking for about 30 minutes five times a week. If three 10-minute dance breaks a day works better for you, that’s cool, too. It all adds up—and workouts of less than 10 minutes still count toward recommended weekly activity goals, according to the CDC.
2. Use the talk test to measure your intensity.
Not sure if you’re working hard enough for your activity to count as a workout? Try talking. “For heart-healthy aerobic exercise, you should be slightly breathless but still able to hold a conversation,” said Dr. Bussard.
You can also determine intensity using a scale from 1 to 10. “Moderate intensity (like a brisk walk or steady cycling) typically corresponds to a five or six out of 10 on the effort scale,” said Kovacs, “while vigorous aerobic exercise (fast walking uphill or jogging) should feel like a seven to eight out of 10, where talking becomes difficult.”
3. Don’t count out low-impact activities.
Cycling, elliptical training, swimming, or walking on an incline are all joint-friendly ways to raise your heart rate. “These options reduce joint stress, which is critical as cartilage, tendons, and ligaments may become less resilient with age,” said Kovacs.
But “low-impact doesn’t mean low-intensity,” said Dr. Bussard. “You can absolutely work up a sweat and challenge your heart and lungs without pounding your joints.” Just pay attention to the effort you’re exerting in the moment and aim to hit that five out of 10.
4. Work in short, quick bursts.
“Adding short bursts of faster-paced intervals to your aerobic routine boosts the benefits,” said Dr. Bussard, as long as you’re cleared by your doctor to work harder. Recent research in the journal Lipids in Health and Disease shows that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can improve insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, and overall fitness—“all areas that can decline during menopause,” she added.
This kind of training is considered vigorous activity, so you don’t need as much of it: Just two HIIT sessions per week (with a total training time of 20 minutes per workout) improved working memory and lower-body muscle function more than moderate-intensity continuous cycling, and boosted cardiorespiratory fitness just as much, according to a 2023 study published in The Journals of Gerontology.
5. Mix up your workouts.
Boredom is the enemy of consistency. Try different types of cardio—like hiking, aqua aerobics, Zumba, or even pickleball. “Varying modalities challenges different muscle groups, reduces overuse injury risk, and improves neuromuscular coordination,” said Kovacs. “It also helps sustain motivation and supports functional aging by preparing the body for a wider range of physical challenges.”
6. Let your body recover.
As you age, your body may take longer to bounce back. “Recovery between workouts often takes longer due to a combination of physiological changes,” said Kovacs. “These include slower muscle protein synthesis, reduced hormone levels (like estrogen and growth hormone), and less efficient mitochondrial function—all of which contribute to slower tissue repair and reduced energy availability.”
Make sure to allow 48 to 72 hours of muscle recovery between higher-intensity sessions, and prioritize adequate sleep, sufficient nutrition, and active recovery, like gentle walking or mobility work. And listen to your body; if you feel wiped out for days, scale back and allow more rest between sessions.
7. Take the time to warm up.
Older muscles and joints need more prep. “As estrogen drops, tendons and ligaments get stiffer, so warming up is more important than ever to prevent injuries,” said Dr. Bussard. “A good warm-up should move your joints through a full range of motion and activate your major muscles.” Try inchworms, bodyweight squats with overhead reaches, and side-to-side lunges—just five to 10 minutes can prime your body for exercise.
8. Pair cardio with strength-training.
Women over 50 benefit most when they combine cardio and strength-training, as both play essential but distinct roles in healthy aging. “Aerobic exercise keeps your heart healthy, but you need strength training to keep your muscles and bones strong,” said Dr. Bussard. Putting them together is the real key. “Combined, they form the foundation of long-term healthspan and mobility,” said Kovacs.
Fitness
Does Medicare Help Pay for Gym Memberships?
Almost all Medicare Advantage members (98 percent) were in plans that covered some fitness benefits in 2022, according to a Kaiser Family Foundation study. These benefits take several forms, including membership in the popular SilverSneakers program for people 65 and older or its competitors Renew Active and Silver&Fit.
SilverSneakers provides access to more than 15,000 fitness locations across the country; online dance, exercise, meditation, stretch and yoga classes; and an on-demand video library of prerecorded workouts. A free SilverSneakers GO fitness app for Apple and Android phones is also available. Other Medicare Advantage plans also offer free gym memberships with access to a nationwide network of health clubs and exercise locations, personalized fitness plans and on-demand workout videos.
In addition to gym access, many plans provide incentives to stay active, such as a free fitness tracker every two years, discounts on a smartwatch or exercise equipment if you meet activity goals, or gift cards if you take certain healthy actions, such as exercising or getting a flu shot.
How do I find Advantage plans with fitness benefits?
To find Medicare Advantage plans with fitness benefits in your area, go to the Medicare Plan Finder, type in your zip code and choose Medicare Advantage Plan for the search. It will prompt you to put in your medications, but you can bypass that.
Next, you’ll see a list of Medicare Advantage plans available in your area. The Plan Benefits summary for each option will have a green check mark if the plan has vision, dental, hearing, transportation to and from a medical appointment, or fitness benefits. Click on the Plan Details button and scroll down to Extra Benefits for a summary of fitness benefits available. To learn more details beyond “Not covered” or “Some coverage,” you can contact the plan at the phone number at the top of the Plan Details web page or read plan documents on the insurer’s website, linked at the top of the page.
Do Medigap plans offer fitness benefits?
Even though Medicare supplemental plans, also known as Medigap, don’t include fitness benefits as part of their standard coverage, you may find they include gym membership as well as discounts for dental, hearing, and vision services at no additional cost. Some plans offer low-cost packages to add these benefits.
Here, too, you can use Medicare’s Plan Finder tool to learn more about Medigap plans in your area.
Fitness
Quarantine Fitness Trends & Top Exercises During COVID-19
How to stay active and motivated during quarantine
When your daily routines are disrupted, finding the motivation to exercise can be a challenge. The key is to build a new structure that works for you. Schedule your workouts as you would any important appointment to create commitment and turn intention into action.
Focus on consistency rather than intensity, especially when adapting to a new environment. Setting small, achievable goals—like a 20-minute walk or a short bodyweight circuit—can build momentum. Remember that any movement is better than none, and establishing a regular habit is the most important first step.
At-home and outdoor exercise ideas
You don’t need a fully equipped gym to maintain your fitness. Many effective workouts can be done with minimal or no equipment, either in your home or safely outdoors.
- Bodyweight training: Exercises like squats, push-ups, lunges, and planks are foundational movements that build strength using your own body as resistance.
- Yoga and mobility: Focusing on flexibility and movement quality can reduce stress and improve recovery. Many free resources are available for guided yoga flows and mobility routines.
- Outdoor cardio: If you can do so safely, activities like walking, running, or cycling are excellent for cardiovascular health and provide a much-needed change of scenery.
The most popular quarantine exercises, according to WHOOP data
A recent study examined data from 50,000 WHOOP members between January 1 and May 15, including over 4.9 million workouts. This comparison captured exercise behaviors before and during social distancing, using March 9 as the cutoff—the week the World Health Organization classified COVID-19 as a pandemic and the US declared a national state of emergency.
The study tracked the six most popular exercises: running, functional fitness, weightlifting, cycling, swimming, and walking. It measured the relative frequency of each activity on a daily basis. As you can see in the graphic below, there was a significant uptick in running, cycling, and walking once social distancing began.
QUARANTINE EXERCISE MODALITIES WITH BIGGEST INCREASE
Walking took the biggest jump, followed by running and cycling. The spikes on the graph show increased participation in all three activities on weekends, which continued during quarantine. However, with running in particular, the frequency of weekday and weekend participation became more similar—a lack of commuting gave runners more opportunity to get outside during the week.
The quarantine workouts that decreased
The three activities people started doing more of are all individual forms of exercise that happen outdoors—a needed break from being stuck inside. Functional fitness, which for many members was already a solo at-home workout, saw little change. Weightlifting and swimming saw significant decreases, coinciding with the closures of gyms and athletic facilities.
Other trends in quarantine exercise: Increased frequency and intensity
The sample of 50,000 WHOOP members exercised 1.1% more often once quarantine began. With many social activities unavailable, people turned to working out to pass the time. Exercise modalities like running and cycling require a high cardiovascular load, and members spent 1.8% more time working out in their three highest heart rate zones during quarantine.
The study also discovered improvements in several key physiological markers that WHOOP tracks, including sleep, resting heart rate, and heart rate variability.
Understand your body’s response to new routines
Adapting your fitness routine is the first step. Understanding how your body responds to those changes is the next. Are your new workouts building fitness without compromising recovery, and are you getting enough sleep to support your efforts?
WHOOP quantifies the impact of your daily behaviors on your body. By monitoring your Sleep, daily Strain, and Recovery, you get personalized insights to help you train smarter, recover faster, and build healthier habits.
Frequently asked questions
Does exercise help fight a virus?
Regular, moderate exercise can support your immune system. Physical activity helps promote good circulation, which allows the cells and substances of the immune system to move through the body freely and do their job efficiently. However, it’s important to balance activity with recovery, as overtraining can place stress on the body.
Does exercise speed up COVID-19 recovery?
The relationship between exercise and COVID-19 recovery is complex and depends on the individual. Some research suggests that light physical activity during and after the illness may help with certain symptoms, particularly mental and neurological ones. It is critical to listen to your body, avoid strenuous activity while sick, and consult with a healthcare professional before resuming exercise after an infection.
How does WHOOP measure the intensity of a workout?
WHOOP measures the intensity of your activities by analyzing your heart rate. The Strain score quantifies the total cardiovascular load you experience throughout the day, whether from a specific workout or other daily stressors. By tracking how much time you spend in elevated heart rate zones, WHOOP gives you a clear picture of how hard your body is working.
Fitness
I’m a fitness writer and these are the 44 best deals I’ve found in the Amazon Big Spring Sale
Lou Mudge is a Health Writer at Future Plc, working across Fit&Well and Coach. She previously worked for Live Science, and regularly writes for Space.com and Pet’s Radar. Based in Bath, UK, she has a passion for food, nutrition and health and is eager to demystify diet culture in order to make health and fitness accessible to everybody.
Multiple diagnoses in her early twenties sparked an interest in the gut-brain axis and the impact that diet and exercise can have on both physical and mental health. She was put on the FODMAP elimination diet during this time and learned to adapt recipes to fit these parameters, while retaining core flavors and textures, and now enjoys cooking for gut health.
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