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A 35% increase in physical activity improves memory and cognition in healthy elderly

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A 35% increase in physical activity improves memory and cognition in healthy elderly

A randomized managed trial performed on aged people reveals that an enchancment in bodily health and cognition may be achieved by rising every day bodily exercise to a sure degree. The trial findings are printed within the journal Alzheimer’s Analysis & Remedy.

Research: The consequences of a reasonable bodily exercise intervention on bodily health and cognition in wholesome aged with low ranges of bodily exercise: a randomized managed trial. Picture Credit score: Floor Image / Shutterstock

Background

Dementia is a bunch of situations characterised by impaired reminiscence, considering, and different cognitive and social skills. Subclinical neuropathological modifications that happen earlier than the prognosis of dementia can slowly have an effect on the cognition, habits, and bodily exercise of a person.

Growing bodily exercise is taken into account a promising method to forestall, or a minimum of delay, cognitive decline, and dementia. Some research have proven that individuals with low bodily exercise can obtain cognitive enchancment by performing moderate-intensity bodily actions for a minimum of six months. In distinction, systematic evaluations and meta-analyses of randomized managed trials have failed to indicate any optimistic affiliation between bodily exercise and cognitive enchancment.

Within the present randomized managed trial, scientists have investigated whether or not a 35% or extra induction in bodily exercise results in an enchancment in bodily health, cognitive functioning, and general well-being in wholesome aged people with a low degree of bodily exercise. The length of the trial was 9 months.  

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Trial design

A complete of 102 members had been enrolled for the trial. The members had been randomly categorized into two teams. Within the intervention group, the COACH methodology was utilized to 69 members. Within the management group, the STRETCH methodology was utilized to 33 members. The members had been assessed at baseline and at six and 9 months of follow-up.

The COACH methodology aimed to extend low-to-moderate depth bodily exercise utilizing a pedometer-based train counseling technique. The tactic included seven teaching periods performed over a interval of six months. A follow-up session was additionally included 9 months after the start of the intervention.

The members within the STRETCH group had been subjected to seven individually guided muscle stretching periods performed for a interval of six months. This group was handled because the management group.    

The trial primarily aimed to evaluate the participant’s bodily exercise, cognitive perform, and bodily health. As well as, the trial assessed cardiovascular danger issue profile, daily-life actions, frailty, and psychological well being.

Affect of intervention on bodily exercise

The intervention group members considerably improved the variety of common steps per day. Nevertheless, no important modifications in self-reported bodily exercise, health, and cognitive means had been noticed on this group.

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At baseline, feminine members had a decrease strolling pace than male members. Nevertheless, after the intervention, feminine members achieved a considerably larger strolling pace in comparison with management members. Contemplating male members, no important distinction in strolling pace was noticed between the intervention and management teams.

Affect of intervention on bodily and psychological well being

Within the intervention group, limitations in daily-life actions decreased amongst members. Over time, psychological well being improved amongst members within the management group.

When it comes to frailty, despair signs, and general psychological well being, the intervention didn’t have a major affect.

Members with an supposed enhance in bodily exercise

A separate comparability was carried out within the trial between members who did obtain or didn’t obtain an supposed enchancment in bodily exercise of 35% or extra. The members who achieved the supposed enchancment had been youthful and had the next degree of cognitive exercise at baseline.

A rise in bodily exercise of 35% or extra over 9 months was discovered to considerably enhance cardio capability, strolling pace, world cognition, government functioning, and verbal reminiscence.

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The findings of the subgroup evaluation revealed that a rise in bodily exercise of 35% or extra leads to a larger enchancment in government functioning amongst ApoE-ε4 allele carriers than non-carriers. The carriers of the ApoE-ε4 allele are at larger danger of creating Alzheimer’s illness.

Significance

The trial findings point out that aged people with a low degree of bodily exercise can enhance their bodily health and cognitive capabilities by rising bodily exercise by 35% or extra.

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Best walking workout: Here's how to start walking for exercise

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Best walking workout: Here's how to start walking for exercise

If you’ve been away from the exercise game for a while, it can be intimidating to get back into it, especially figuring out where to start. And if you’re trying to decide between the latest group fitness class or online workout program, you may end up being overwhelmed by options. To get started on your way to health without running into roadblocks (so to speak), walking is a great entry point for initiating a new routine. And as a running coach, I have many of my clients start their journeys with walking or combination walk/jogging routines to gradually build up their condition. The reality is, walking workouts are a convenient and accessible form of exercise that provide many health benefits and don’t require much to get started.

“Incorporating a regular walking routine, even as little as 30 minutes a day, can lead to significant improvements in both physical and mental health,” says Dr. Soma Mandal, a New Providence, N.J.-based board-certified internist and women’s health specialist at Summit Health. “It is an exercise that I frequently recommend to my patients, given its versatility and ease of integration into various lifestyles.”

Benefits of walking for exercise

Walking is already something you likely do every day, just to get through your day. According to Mandal, walking as a workout is one of the most accessible and beneficial physical activities that individuals can incorporate into their daily routines. “Physically, regular walking helps improve cardiovascular health by lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels, reducing the risk of heart disease and enhancing overall circulation,” she says. “It also aids in maintaining a healthy weight, strengthening bones and muscles and improving joint flexibility, which can be particularly beneficial as we get older.”

And while walking is generally one of the most simple exercises you can perform, according to Ani Oksayan, a Carlsbad, Calif.-based certified personal trainer and the vice president of fitness at Chuze Fitness, it’s also one of the most direct paths toward significant positive changes to your overall well-being. “Walking burns calories, contributing to weight loss (or maintenance) and has a boosting effect on metabolism,” Oksayan says. “If you experience joint pain or arthritis, walking can promote significant improvement as it strengthens bones, keeps joints flexible and lubricated and strengthens surrounding muscles.”

But it’s not just good for your body, it’s good for your mind too. Research shows that walking provides mental and emotional benefits, as simply being outside can help lift your spirits and decrease stress. Mandal says that exercise in general can improve cognitive function and memory and promote better sleep patterns, which are crucial for mental well-being.

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“Walking is known to boost mood and alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression, largely due to the release of endorphins, which are natural mood lifters, during physical activity,” Mandal says. “It can also foster a sense of community and social interaction when done with others, further enhancing its psychological benefits.”

Getting started

You don’t need much to start a walking program, but a good pair of walking shoes is a must. (Getty Creative)

While walking might seem like a simple enough activity to get into, if you’ve been sedentary for a while, it’s wise to consult with your physician, just like with any new exercise routine, Mandal says. “This is particularly important if you have underlying health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes or joint issues,” she explains.

Mandal recommends that once you’ve gotten the all-clear, start with short walks, about 10-15 minutes long, then gradually increase the duration and intensity as your endurance improves.

“Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity walking per week, as recommended by health guidelines, which can be broken down into sessions most convenient for you,” Mandal says.

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Mandal also advises setting achievable goals that align with your lifestyle and current fitness level. Things like varying your route and listening to music or podcasts can help to make walks fun and enjoyable.

“Focus on consistency rather than intensity at the beginning, and celebrate small milestones to maintain motivation and enjoyment,” Mandal says. “Using a journal or app to track your walking can help keep you motivated and allow you to set and monitor goals, and apps like MyFitnessPal or Strava are popular choices for tracking fitness activities.”

While it’s possible to walk in everyday clothes and shoes, you might find you’re more comfortable doing walking workouts in activewear and sneakers made for walking. And if you have personal obligations such as caring for children during the day, having a treadmill in your home or using one at a gym can be an efficient way to complete your walking routine when it’s convenient for you, Oksayan adds. You can also increase your daily step count by using a walking pad while working or watching TV. These low-cost and low-profile treadmills are an effective way to get in a walking workout at home.

Creating a walking plan using the ‘FIT formula’

Oksayan recommends beginning a walking routine by applying the “FIT formula,” which is comprised of the elements of frequency, intensity and time. As you’re getting started, these elements can be applied conservatively. While a good goal is to walk at least 30 minutes, most days a week, you can start with the intention of simply walking as much as is possible for you, adding small increases to your time or intensity as your fitness and stamina improve, she says.

“It is a reasonable approach to try to walk every day but if you need to start more gradually, an average of three to five days per week is a good place to begin,” Oksayan says. “In terms of intensity, the goal is to walk at a moderate speed, generally paced at approximately 2 to 3 miles per hour; however, it is perfectly acceptable to start slower and build up your pace as is appropriate for you.”

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There are several ways to gauge whether or not your walking intensity is where it should be to achieve the cardiovascular, weight management or mental health benefits you’re striving for, Oksayan adds. These include:

  • Using the “talk test.” Try talking as you walk — if you find it reasonably easy to carry on a conversation without losing your breath, you’re likely walking at a moderate intensity. If you struggle to hold a conversation, your intensity level is likely vigorous. If you find it easy to sing? It’s probably time to increase your speed — you’re probably walking at a low-intensity pace.

  • Measuring your heart rate. This is easiest to do while wearing a heart rate monitor or a fitness tracker. Using the tracker to help estimate your maximal heart rate (generally calculated as 220 – your age), aim to work at 50-70% of your max when exercising at a moderate intensity, or between 70-85% of your max if you want to walk vigorously.

  • Gauging your rate of perceived exertion, or RPE. This is a subjective scale measured between 0-10 for how hard you feel you’re working, with 0 being no effort at all and 10 being a maximal level you couldn’t sustain for more than a few seconds. If you feel you’re working at a 4-5, that’s considered moderate intensity. If you’re exercising at a 6-8, you’re likely exercising vigorously.

  • Monitoring your sweating and breathing. This is less effective for outdoor workouts where factors like temperature, air conditions and humidity can affect your sweat rate and breathing, but may be effective for indoor workouts where the environment is more controlled. Simply gauge how hard you’re breathing or how much you’re sweating, as these both increase with increasing intensity.

If you’re just starting out, a good walking program might look like:

  • Frequency: 5 days of walking per week

  • Intensity: Moderate intensity exercise based on a heart rate at 60% of my maximum heart rate

  • Time: 30 minutes of walking a day broken into 2, 15-minute walks, one before breakfast and the other after dinner

After successfully completing your program for a month, it might be time to revisit your plan and determine if you can increase the intensity or time dedicated to your walking workout.

Maximizing your walking workout

Sportswoman training among nature

As your fitness improves, consider adding strength exercises periodically throughout your walking routine. (Getty Creative)

Walking is fortunately simple enough that you don’t have to be overly worried about things like injury prevention (although a good pair of shoes and a concentration on posture will help in this area). “Simple things like doing periodic posture checks, deep breathing and consciously relaxing the shoulders, hands and face while walking can combat building tension and misaligning posture,” Oksayan says. “Try to avoid slouching, overstriding tensing [your] hands and shoulders or looking at your feet while walking.”

Incorporating additional activities like strength training can also enhance overall fitness, Mandal adds. “Strength training helps build muscle and bone strength, which are crucial for overall health,” she says. “Yoga can complement your walking routine by improving flexibility and overall fitness levels.”

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Additionally, while hydration is more critical during intense exercise like running, it’s still important to stay hydrated while walking, especially in hot weather or during longer walks, Dr. Mandal adds. Consider grabbing a water bottle that’s conducive to carrying with you on your walks.

Staying motivated

As with any activity, walking can quickly get boring and monotonous if you don’t mix things up every once in a while. It may not seem obvious, but you can find creative ways to incorporate variety into a walking routine to keep it enjoyable and help maintain consistency, Oksayan says. This includes things like using the incline feature on a treadmill, allowing you to walk hills and create more interesting rolling terrain, or adding intervals of increased speed to add intensity, which you can also do by power walking outside.

“Exercises like pushups against park benches, squats or lunges allow you to mix in a bit of strength training, maximizing the beneficial effects of your workout,” Oksayan suggests. “Walking with a group or a friend can have a beneficial effect on your walking routine, as exercising with friends, family or groups provides an opportunity for social interaction, which has been shown to improve mental health and well-being.”

FAQs

How many calories does walking burn?

According to Oksayan, the number of calories you burn during any form of exercise is dependent on a number of factors, including your weight, gender, age and body composition or muscle mass. Another factor that directly affects caloric burn is the intensity of the activity — in other words, the harder you work, the more calories you burn.

“This is true with walking in that the caloric burn will depend on how fast and long you walk, your body type and even the surface you walk on,” she says. “[That said], an average number for calories burned during a 30-minute walk at 3.5 miles per hour is 107 to 159 for a person weighing 125 to 185 pounds, but this can vary based on additional factors.”

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Is walking enough exercise?

Depending on your goals, current health and approach, walking can be enough exercise for many people, Oksayan says.

“When done with a moderate to vigorous approach, it is effective in burning calories and helping to lose or maintain weight,” she says. “Walking, especially uphill or on uneven terrain, strengthens muscles in the lower body and can have an effect on improving balance and bone density.”

As we age, it becomes important to perform activities that can improve balance, flexibility and posture, and walking addresses these factors by promoting coordination and balance, strengthening your core and encouraging upright posture, Oksayan adds. In certain cases, however, walking may not be enough to achieve certain fitness goals if they are based on significant muscle gain, sports performance or rehabilitation. In those cases, walking could be complemented by more intense strength and cardio training.

Can I walk every day?

In a word, yes. Walking is easy to incorporate every day, whether it’s with a focused workout or while multitasking such as by walking to complete an errand.

“Movement every day is imperative, and walking can be incredibly beneficial for both your physical and mental health,” Oksayan says.

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What are some good walking apps or resources?

While walking is fairly easy to do on your own, you can add more variety by incorporating guided workouts from apps such as Peloton, iFit, Aaptiv and Nike Training Club.

Meet our experts

Our health content is for informational purposes only and is not intended as professional medical advice. Consult a medical professional on questions about your health.

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Why The 'Silly Little Walk' Will Be Your New Favorite Exercise

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Why The 'Silly Little Walk' Will Be Your New Favorite Exercise

There’s a productive exercise trend making waves on social media, and it’s called the “silly little walk.” It’s extremely easy to do and requires no equipment other than a solid pair of walking shoes. It’s gained quite a bit of attention under the #sillylittlewalk hashtag on TikTok—for good reason. The fitness trend starts by getting up and taking a little stroll outside, but we won’t spoil all the fun just yet!

Below, we outlined everything you need to know about the “silly little walk” workout trend and how to get started.

In This Article:

What Is the Silly Little Walk?

woman walking through snowy woods
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This outdoor walking trend prides itself on something to do that will make you feel better—mentally and physically—by getting active outside. (And we all know that some fresh air, vitamin D, and nature can work wonders on the mind, body, and soul!)

One TikToker dubbed her silly little walk “peace over everything,” while another TikTok user wrote in their video, “POV: You go on a silly little walk for your silly little mental health, and it actually works.”

Even when it’s incredibly cold outside, that’s no excuse—as long as your walking route is absolutely safe to walk, you’ll be so glad you carved out some time to do so. After all, everyone is hopping on the “silly little walk” bandwagon and reaping some pretty great physical and mental health rewards.

A Trainer’s #1 ‘Walk, Lift, Repeat’ Workout for a Toned & Lean Body

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Now, as far as how you’d like to personalize your “silly little walk,” the sky really is the limit. You can opt for a few laps around your neighborhood, head to one of your favorite trails, see wherever your feet take you, or make plans to meet up with one of your besties as you enjoy your favorite caffeinated beverage, as a bunch of TikTokers are doing.

Catch up on your latest playlist while putting some serious distance to your outing, or even tailor your stroll to a personal “plogging” adventure. Every step you take counts, and hey—it’s healthy in more ways than one, so why not join in on the fun?

If you need a bit of inspiration, under the TikTok hashtag, you’ll find people documenting their walking routes and “silly little walk” adventures. The clips are likely to put a big smile on your face and motivate you to get up and active in the great outdoors.

People Are ‘Retro Walking’ & Swear by the Benefits: ‘My Posture Is Now Nearly Perfect’

The Importance of Staying Active—and Social

happy couple ties their sneakers outsidehappy couple ties their sneakers outside
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Even when the temperatures are a bit chilly or you feel inclined to push off your workout to the next day, it’s important to still get your body up and moving. That’s where the silly little walk comes in clutch. It’s a stellar, low-impact way to add extra movement to your day while catching up with a friend or two—zero excuses!

Being social has a huge impact on your mental well-being. Research has proven that bonding with people plays a role in your health. As a matter of fact, being socially isolated can negatively impact you, both physically and psychologically. An article in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior notes adults who have a lot of social connections tend to be much healthier and lead longer lives than their peers who isolate themselves.

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How to Lose More Weight By Speeding Up Your Daily Walks

The Mental and Physical Benefits of the Silly Little Walk

women walking togetherwomen walking together
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By going on a silly little walk, you will get some valuable cardio and maybe even a bunch of laughs with friends. Reaping the benefits from physical exercise of any sort doesn’t mean the activity has to be a hardcore workout, either. A fun, brisk walk is all you need daily to increase your chances of maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

Walking will help you burn calories, along with maintaining or preventing several health disorders, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. In addition to giving you a solid energy boost, walking can help strengthen your bones and muscles and enhance your balance and coordination.

Why People Are Ditching Regular Walks for ‘Nordic Walking’

A strong walk will bring your anxiety and stress levels down and put you in a much better mood. You will sleep better, too!

Researchers at the University of California studied almost 6,000 women who were 65 years of age and up. The study revealed that women who walk more often are less likely to experience a memory decline from age. More specifically, 17% of the women who walked the most on a weekly basis experienced memory decline, compared to 24% of the women who walked the least amount in the study.

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Another previous study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science concluded that participants who took a 90-minute nature walk experienced less activity in the part of the brain that’s connected to one’s risk of developing a mental illness.

So even when it seems like you have absolutely no extra time in your schedule, do yourself a favor and get outside for a “silly little walk!” Your mind and body will certainly thank you—and getting active in the fresh air will feel so rejuvenating.

Alexa Mellardo

Alexa is the Mind + Body Deputy Editor of Eat This, Not That!, overseeing the M+B channel and delivering compelling fitness, wellness, and self-care topics to readers. Read more about Alexa

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“Consistency is key” when it comes to keeping you fitness resolutions

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“Consistency is key” when it comes to keeping you fitness resolutions

MERIDIAN, Miss. (WTOK) – A new year means new resolutions, and one of the more common resolutions is getting fit and going to the gym.

Losing weight and getting fit sounds easy, but both are difficult tasks to complete. 

That’s why many people end up not following through with their resolutions just weeks after making them.

A local personal trainer says going to the gym is not the only thing you should do. 

He says that watching what you eat is a good step on top of regular physical exercise.

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“The main thing is thinking about your health being more healthy is a big thing around in. Just trying to come in try to work on being healthy and trying to get back into it. Get back to the groove. The main thing is being consistent. Consistency is key. As long as you’re coming to the gym and just doing what you need to do to try to reach your goals consistently will get you there,” said Personal Trainer Manager at Club4 Fitness Tevin Roberts.

Roberts also says to have smaller goals put in place so you can see gradual changes in your health and fitness journey.

“Never be embarrassed. You know what you’re trying to do when you come to the gym. Make sure you keep your goal in mind. Make sure you are know what you’re doing when you come to the gym. So keep that in mind and focus on what you’re trying to accomplish. Worry about no one around you,” said Roberts.

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