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The Power and Paradox of a Sonnet by Gwendolyn Brooks

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The Power and Paradox of a Sonnet by Gwendolyn Brooks

Here’s a poem about patience, about self-control, about the need to conserve your energy and constrain your desire. Fittingly enough, it’s a proper old-school sonnet, orderly and elegant: 14 lines of iambic pentameter, crisply punctuated, with syllables cut to measure.

But like a great many sonnets — most famously the 154 written by William Shakespeare — “my dreams, my works” is part of a sequence. Gwendolyn Brooks (1917-2000) was a modern master of the form. This one comes from her first collection, “A Street in Bronzeville,” published in 1945 and named for the working-class Black neighborhood in Chicago where she grew up.

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The book illuminates the lives of Bronzeville’s residents through a series of snapshots, character studies and monologues in various lengths and styles. Brooks’s lyrical gifts are matched by a novelist’s eye and psychological insight — talents on display in her Pulitzer Prize-winning “Annie Allen” and her only book of fiction, “Maud Martha.”

Gwendolyn Brooks with her first collection, “A Street in Bronzeville,” published in 1945.

Associated Press

“A Street in Bronzeville” is a book full of faces and voices. It closes with a cluster of sonnets, gathered under the subtitle “Gay Chaps at the Bar,” that adopt the perspectives, the personae, of Black soldiers fighting in World War II. In their blend of bravado and vulnerability, these poems capture the anxieties and aspirations of men facing a double battle: against fascism overseas and racism at home.

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The reader, opening the box she has placed in our hands, completes the circuit and discovers a new feeling. One word for that is empathy. A better one is electricity.

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Can You Name These Novels Based on Their Characters?

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Can You Name These Novels Based on Their Characters?

Welcome to Lit Trivia, the Book Review’s regular quiz about books, authors and literary culture. This week’s challenge asks you to identify a novel’s title based on the characters in the text. In the five multiple-choice questions below, tap or click on the answer you think is correct. After the last question, you’ll find links to the books if you’d like to do further reading.

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Do You Know Where These Famous Authors Are Buried?

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Do You Know Where These Famous Authors Are Buried?

A strong sense of place can deeply influence a story, and in some cases, the setting can even feel like a character itself — or have a lasting influence on an author. With that in mind, this week’s literary geography quiz highlights the final stops for five authors after a life of writing. To play, just make your selection in the multiple-choice list and the correct answer will be revealed. At the end of the quiz, you’ll find links to the books if you’d like to do further reading.

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What Happens When We Die? This Wallace Stevens Poem Has Thoughts.

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What Happens When We Die? This Wallace Stevens Poem Has Thoughts.

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Whatever you do, don’t think of a bird.

Now: What kind of bird are you not thinking about? A pigeon? A bald eagle? Something more poetic, like a skylark or a nightingale? In any case, would you say that this bird you aren’t thinking about is real?

Before you answer, read this poem, which is quite literally about not thinking of a bird.

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Human consciousness is full of riddles. Neuroscientists, philosophers and dorm-room stoners argue continually about what it is and whether it even exists. For Wallace Stevens, the experience of having a mind was a perpetual source of wonder, puzzlement and delight — perfectly ordinary and utterly transcendent at the same time. He explored the mysteries and pleasures of consciousness in countless poems over the course of his long poetic career. It was arguably his great theme.

Stevens was born in 1879 and published his first book, “Harmonium,” in 1923, making him something of a late bloomer among American modernists. For much of his adult life, he worked as an executive for the Hartford Accident and Indemnity Company, rising to the rank of vice president. He viewed insurance less as a day job to support his poetry than as a parallel vocation. He pursued both activities with quiet diligence, spending his days at the office and composing poems in his head as he walked to and from work.

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Wallace Stevens in 1950.

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Walter Sanders/The LIFE Picture Collection, via Shutterstock

As a young man, Stevens dreamed of traveling to Europe, though he never crossed the Atlantic. In middle age he made regular trips to Florida, and his poems are frequently infused with ideas of Paris and Rome and memories of Key West. Others partake of the stringent beauty of New England. But the landscapes he explores, wintry or tropical, provincial or cosmopolitan, are above all mental landscapes, created by and in the imagination.

Are those worlds real?

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Let’s return to the palm tree and its avian inhabitant, in that tranquil Key West sunset of the mind.

Until then, we find consolation in fangles.

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