Culture
Keith Law’s predictions, projections and wild guesses for the 2025 MLB season
It’s an annual tradition: My column explaining why I think your favorite team isn’t going to win as many games as you think they are.
These predictions are for fun, not a demonstration of my deep-seated loathing for your favorite team, and not the product of a sophisticated machine-learning algorithm to produce impeccable forecasts. I make it all up, and then I talk about it. (I do, however, rely on FanGraphs’ projections as a starting point for several things here, especially some individual player projections, and this piece would be far harder without them.)
I’ve done this for at least 15 years now, and the reactions are always the same — people look for what I said about their favorite teams and then yell at me about it. I got one division winner right last year, and for the second year in a row a team I picked to finish in fourth place in their division won the pennant (the Yankees). This should be an annual favorite column for people who like to tell me I don’t know what I’m talking about. You want proof? I’ll give you proof, every year, in 3,000 words or so.
So, here are my projections for the 2025 season, including playoff results and post-season awards. Disagree all you like, as long as you enjoy.
Team records by division
I guess I’m late to the party, predicting the Red Sox to win their division (and, in this case, to have the best record in the league). They did more to upgrade their roster this winter than any other team in the American League, and they’ve made the right call at second base, giving Kristian Campbell the nod. On paper, I think they’re the best team in the AL, likely to lead or come close to leading the league in runs scored and be at or above the median in run prevention.
That said, there’s some significant downside risk in that rotation: Garrett Crochet has had only one full season as a starter, Walker Buehler’s first year back from his second Tommy John surgery was not a success, and the guys who were supposed to be their next three starters are all going to start the year on the injured list.
Will Gunnar Henderson and the Orioles return to the postseason? (G Fiume / Getty Images)
The Orioles were perfectly situated to make a big move with the Yankees losing Juan Soto, but they made a lot of small moves that don’t seem to add up to the big move, so their rotation remains a real weakness for a team that is trying to get to the World Series — and has the lineup and defense to do so. They don’t have a true No. 1 starter; they have a few guys who could be No. 2s on a good team, but neither Grayson Rodriguez nor Kyle Bradish is going to pitch a full season in 2025, and there’s a decent chance the Orioles don’t get 20 starts from the two combined. I’m over the fascination with Ryan Mountcastle — they have better options, including Coby Mayo, just optioned to the minor leagues the other day.
Tampa Bay losing Shane McClanahan for a month or more could hurt them significantly because they’re likely to be on the playoff bubble, so each marginal win is especially important to their odds of seeing October. They’re still likely to be an above-average run prevention team, but they’re running back almost the same offense that was the worst in the American League last year (well, among non-White Sox teams), only adding a full season of Junior Caminero.
I might have picked the Yankees to win the division before they lost Gerrit Cole for the year; he was a 5 to 7 WAR pitcher in 2021 and 2023, and replacing him with … well, whoever they replace him with is at least that much of a downgrade, maybe more if they have to hand those starts to guys who are below replacement level. Clarke Schmidt is out, Luis Gil is out, and Soto’s gone. I loved the pickup of Max Fried, but there’s only so much slack he can pick up.
The Yankees’ path to the postseason would include a breakout year from Anthony Volpe, a Rookie of the Year-level campaign from Jasson Domínguez, and a full year of the Jazz Chisholm Jr. they got in August and September. (Yes, that’d be a 6-win season. He’s physically capable of it.)
The Blue Jays are just in a bad spot; whether Roki Sasaki would have made them contenders is immaterial, as it would have at least changed fans’ perception of the team and validated the club’s previous attempts to sign some of the best free agents on the market. Now they’re left with a team that might be competitive in either Central division or the AL West, but not this one. Their bullpen, one of the worst in MLB history in 2024, should be better, both from the addition of Jeff Hoffman, the re-acquisition of Yimi García and from regression (up) to the mean.
It irks me to put a team that did nothing to improve itself this winter atop its division, but the Twins are still the best AL Central team on paper. They added three players, all free agents on one-year deals worth a total of $10.25 million, which is what you find in the dictionary if you look up the word “not-trying.” (Fine, two words.) They were a bit unlucky last year, finishing just 82-80 with an above-average offense and average run prevention.
The Royals are at least trying to win. (Rick Scuteri / Imagn Images)
The Royals, on the other hand, did try to get better this offseason, but they were working uphill to some degree as their 2024 season saw them get over 150 starts from five guys, four of whom were better than league average. They re-signed Michael Wacha, brought in some pitching depth, and traded for Jonathan India, who gives them a viable OBP threat to get on base in front of Bobby Witt Jr. The pitching depth — in the forms of Michael Lorenzen and Carlos Estévez — is a modest insurance policy against the inevitable starts some of their four returning starters will miss, but it’s not going to cover them if one of them misses half the season. At least they did something.
The Tigers are in a similar boat as the Orioles — they had all the room in the world to add talent, and did almost nothing, just bringing in Gleyber Torres on a one-year, make-good contract that blocked Jace Jung at the only position he can realistically play right now. (Torres is a good bounce-back candidate, though, just not a great fit here.) Their own improbable playoff run last season isn’t something they can replicate over 162 games, and even if Tarik Skubal has another Cy Young season, they’re going to need two more starters to step forward and more.
Cleveland won the division last year with 92 wins, but it was a huge fluke, between their outlier performance with runners in scoring position (sorry, that’s not a separate skill) and the outlier performance of their bullpen. They also didn’t do anything to get better this winter, trading their starting second baseman for some pitching depth, re-acquiring Nolan Jones, and bringing back Carlos Santana, who may or may not be older than the guy who played “Oye Cómo Va.” Unless they just happen to get exceptional performances out of everyone for a second year in a row, they’ve got regression written all over them. And yet they could still end up winning this weak division.
The White Sox should be better this year just by chance, although fate seems to be conspiring against them with Drew Thorpe now the fifth pitcher in the organization to blow out his elbow just this spring. Just by runs scored and allowed last year, they should have won around 48 games, and this year they should have more players coming than going, with Luis Robert Jr. the one member of the lineup or rotation with significant trade value right now. A 107-loss season would be a 14-game improvement over 2024.
The Mariners have a playoff-caliber rotation and led the league in ERA last year; even with George Kirby missing the start of this season, they’re going to be among the best run-prevention teams again in 2025. They were an 89-win team by runs scored and allowed last year, so there’s enough here to see them potentially winning the division even though they didn’t make any big improvements or additions this winter. Julio Rodríguez seems like a good bet to return to his 2023-24 form, which should be worth another win or two.
Can the Rangers get healthy and return to their World Series-level play? (Jamie Squire / Getty Images)
The Rangers were active this offseason, making marginal improvements to a roster that’s not that dissimilar from the one that won the World Series in 2023. Their fate this year may come down to health more than anything — namely, Jacob deGrom, Evan Carter, Jonathan Gray — as well as whether they pull the plug quickly if Adolis García doesn’t show immediate improvement this spring.
The Astros lost two of their best players from 2024, with Alex Bregman leaving in free agency after they traded Kyle Tucker for Cam Smith and Isaac Paredes, a deal that might not make them any worse off this year than they would have been if they’d kept Tucker. The rotation looks thin for the first time in a while, with very little room for error if any of their starters has to miss a significant amount of time (especially now that Luis García is already dealing with elbow soreness), and unless they have a run like the Royals did last year, with their starters almost never missing a turn, they’ll probably fall just short of the playoffs.
The Athletics’ stadium situation may be a joke, a punchline delivered by John Fisher with laughter provided by the league, but the team on the field is actually getting better. The extension they gave Lawrence Butler won’t win them any more games this year, but it does underscore the tremendous scouting and player development job there, as their 2018 sixth-round pick might now be their best player. Nick Kurtz, their 2024 first-rounder, won’t be too long in reaching the majors, and the rotation is credible, if not exactly contender quality.
The Angels added Yusei Kikuchi to their rotation and picked up some stragglers for the lineup, but it’s hard to see those moves making this team competitive, let alone a contender, given the returning roster and the massive unknown that is Mike Trout’s availability. They were third-worst in the AL in run-scoring last year and second-worst in run prevention. They might be a little better in both categories and still lose 90 games.
Atlanta didn’t make any huge moves this winter, but they’ll get Spencer Strider and Ronald Acuña Jr., back early this season, and that may be all they needed to do. Sean Murphy’s injury opens the door for their top prospect Drake Baldwin to get some big-league time, and I wouldn’t be surprised if he acquits himself well enough to make demoting him a tough decision. Jurickson Profar probably won’t repeat his huge 2024 season, but he could give half of that value back and still be an upgrade for them in left.
Juan Soto signing with the Mets was the premier offseason acquisition. (Sam Navarro / Imagn Images)
The Mets did make some huge moves this winter, signing the best free agent in the class in Juan Soto, and the expectation now is World Series or bust, or something like that. Getting to the playoffs should be the real expectation, and whatever happens in October is about luck and health more than preparation or fast-food mascots. (We’re all in the pockets of Big Purple, though.) The rotation doesn’t fill me with confidence, with a whole mess of oft-injured starters and one converted reliever somehow expected to prevent enough runs to help them win the division. I could see them winning 98 games, and I could see them winning 84.
The Phillies added a starter, Jesús Luzardo, and an outfielder, Max Kepler, to a club that won 95 games last year, although they didn’t address the flaw that keeps killing them in the offseason, the aging lineup, especially its right-handed bats. That group is a year older, according to my math, and the hitters who didn’t make some needed adjustments last year aren’t that likely to be any different this year. The rotation will be one of the best in baseball, again, and the rest of the team is more than good enough to get them into October, but they’ll need luck and maybe another bat to get back to the World Series.
The Nationals stood pat in a winter where they probably could have kicked the rebuild into second gear, as the first wave of players from their biggest trades and from their era of high draft picks has largely hit the majors already. C.J. Abrams, Mackenzie Gore, James Wood, Dylan Crews, Josiah Gray (when he returns from surgery) … that’s the start of a good team, but just the start. The second wave will be in High A and Low A to start this year, so there isn’t going to be much more help coming from the farm in 2025.
The Marlins are going to be one of the worst teams in baseball, by design largely, as they traded away almost everyone good and anyone left who’s good should probably rent by the hour. I heard the clubbies wrote Sandy Alcantara’s name on his locker in disappearing ink.
The Cubs traded for Kyle Tucker, and maybe that’s enough to put them over the top in a division where nobody else did anything so substantial. They should see some improvements from within, and get a boost from Matt Shaw taking over at third base. Another starting pitcher would have been nice, one better than rotation insurance like Matt Boyd; if those running the team were willing to pony up for Alex Bregman, they should have done so for Corbin Burnes.
Joey Ortiz takes his plus defense over to shortstop, replacing Willy Adames. (Stacy Revere / Getty Images)
I’ll predict the Brewers miss the playoffs, and they’ll probably make the playoffs, again. In my defense, teams that rely on … uh, defense are a little harder to predict, at least in my experience of making errant predictions. I’m thrilled that they’re putting Joey Ortiz, a plus defender at short, at his natural position, to take Willy Adames’ spot; I’m less thrilled that they may be punting on third base. I’m more concerned about the rotation than the lineup, though; they’ve pulled some good starters out of some very small hats in recent years, and while I believe they’re good at getting the most out of certain types of starters, their margin for error keeps shrinking.
I wanted to get the Reds closer to the playoffs, at least, as my gut says they’ve accumulated enough talent to get to 85+ wins if they get some good fortune on the health side, but my rational side couldn’t get there. They were actually a below-average offensive team last year, sitting right at the league median in runs per game even playing half their contests in a great hitter’s park. They’ll be a little better this year with Matt McLain back, and maybe they’ll get something from Christian Encarnacion-Strand, but an outfield of Austin Hays, Jake Fraley and TJ Friedl is going to be one of the least productive of any would-be contender’s.
The Cardinals could probably have pushed for the postseason this year given their returning roster, but this looks like the beginning of a rebuild instead, and I’m guessing we see more veterans traded away over the course of the season. I’m eternally hopeful that Jordan Walker figures it out, and they do have a few other players on the roster who are good candidates for a bounceback or for a step forward, but it’s not enough to add up to a winning record. They’ve overhauled their player development staff and there should be some improvements there, especially with all of the pitchers they have in the upper levels who seem to have stalled, but that’s also not likely to do much for the big-league team.
The Pirates might be without their No. 2 starter, Jared Jones, for a while, and their offense remains one of the weakest in baseball. I’m not a big Spencer Horwitz believer, at least not enough to trade Luis Ortiz and two high-beta left-handed pitching prospects for him. I was hoping they’d give Nick Yorke the second-base job, as I think he’s their best option there, and maybe he’ll be back in the majors early enough in the season to boost the offense a little. They had the third-worst offense in the NL last year and I don’t expect them to escape the bottom five.
The Dodgers … yeah. Did you really come here to see what I had to say about the Dodgers? They won the World Series and signed two pitchers who could be aces. Hi ho. I didn’t like “Mookie Betts, Opening Day Shortstop” even before this week’s news that he’s lost a ton of weight due to an illness. Maybe Alex Freeland gets a shot at some point before the All-Star break? There, I found something to say about them that doesn’t come down to how much money they have.
Corbin Burnes gives a solid Arizona rotation a true ace. (Rob Schumacher / The Republic / USA Today Network via Imagn Images)
Arizona signed Corbin Burnes, who should be their best starter this year, and they might see improvements this year from returning rotation members Brandon Pfaadt and Ryne Nelson, plus a full season of Merrill Kelly. Losing Christian Walker stings; getting Josh Naylor at least softens the blow. Jordan Lawlar will get 200 at-bats somewhere later in the year, and be productive. In another division, maybe any of the five other divisions, I’d pick the Diamondbacks to win. Or, to put it another way, if things implode in L.A., the Diamondbacks have set themselves up to take advantage.
The Padres’ run of contention isn’t necessarily over, but the window is closing. At least they kept Dylan Cease to try to take one more shot at the playoffs; if they’re out of it at the break, he and Michael King are probably goners, and I’d probably be shopping Luis Arraez and most of the bullpen too. The scenario that gets them into October one more time is an MVP-caliber year from Fernando Tatis Jr., a relatively healthy rotation, and a surprise bounce-back year from one of the older hitters, like Xander Bogaerts. It’s unlikely they get all of that at once.
The Giants spent some money this offseason to make the team better in a division where “better” might still mean fourth place. This looks more like a development year, with Heliot Ramos, Hayden Birdsong, and maybe later in the year Kyle Harrison, Marco Luciano, et al getting reps in the majors to keep growing and making adjustments — or to show the new front office that they’re not part of the future. I don’t want to see Bryce Eldridge anywhere near here until at least the second half. He won’t turn 21 until October and he’s done nothing to show us he’s ready to hit major-league pitching.
Colorado seems like they should have a rookie somewhere on the field or in the rotation, no? They’re just not that young for a team that’s probably going to lose 100 games, with only two lineup members (Ezquiel Tovar and Jordan Beck) and zero rotation members born in this century. I’m hopeful that by Aug. 1, the lineup has at least two more young’uns, maybe Kyle Karros and Adael Amador, and the rotation has Chase Dollander and maybe even Sean Sullivan in it. The first-half version might be hard to watch, though.
Playoff predictions
Wild-card round
Tampa Bay defeats Minnesota
Texas defeats Baltimore
Arizona defeats New York Mets
Philadelphia defeats Chicago Cubs
A Dodgers-Phillies Division Series will be star-studded. (Jayne Kamin-Oncea / USA Today)
Divisional round
Boston defeats Texas
Seattle defeats Tampa Bay
Los Angeles Dodgers defeat Philadelphia
Atlanta defeats Arizona
Championship series
Boston defeats Seattle
Atlanta defeats Los Angeles
World Series
Atlanta defeats Boston
Individual award winners
AL MVP: Julio Rodríguez, OF, Seattle Mariners
Last year was an aberration — really, the first half was an aberration, and the second half was more what we expect from Rodríguez, .285/.337/.482. I’m predicting he does that and more over a full season. Also, José Ramírez seems like a permanent threat to win this, even though he’s never actually come out on top.
NL MVP: Juan Soto, OF, New York Mets
Too obvious? I thought about Elly De La Cruz, who exploded last year for a five-win season, but for him to top that I think he’d have to really make a big leap in his swing decisions and plate discipline. The guy in Los Angeles probably has a shot, too. No, not him, the other one. No, not him, either. Well, one of those guys.
AL Cy Young: Logan Gilbert, RHP, Seattle Mariners
Gilbert throws a lot of innings, doesn’t walk anyone, misses enough bats, and if he has one year where a couple of homers stay in the park instead, he’s going to win the Cy Young Award. I’ll just say it happens this year.
There will be more hardware for the phenom Paul Skenes. (Julio Aguilar / Getty Images)
NL Cy Young: Paul Skenes, RHP, Pittsburgh Pirates
I feel like this should be everybody’s pick. He might have the best stuff of any starter in baseball right now, at least considering the entire arsenal. The only things that might stop him are injury or the Pirates (meaning they limit his innings).
AL Rookie of the Year: Kristian Campbell, 2B/OF, Boston Red Sox
Campbell won the second base job in the waning days of spring training, and he’s likely to get a long runway even if he starts slow, giving him a big leg up on the competition for this honor.
Other candidates include the Yankees’ Jasson Domínguez, Detroit’s Jackson Jobe, and Texas’ Kumar Rocker.
NL Rookie of the Year: Roki Sasaki, RHP, Los Angeles Dodgers
Sasaki’s a boring, obvious pick, because he’s a big leaguer — he played several years in NPB, and was dominant there, so we have good reason to think he’ll pitch well enough here to be the best rookie in the NL. Plus he has a job, which only a few other rookies have on Opening Day.
Other contenders here include Washington’s Dylan Crews, the Cubs’ Matt Shaw, and Atlanta’s Drake Baldwin — all position players, who historically have had an advantage in this award over pitchers.
(Photo illustration of Julio Rodríguez and Orlando Arcia: Steph Chambers and John Fisher / Getty Images)
Culture
Test Yourself on the Settings Mentioned in These Novels About Road Trips
A strong sense of place can deeply influence a story, and in some cases, the setting can even feel like a character itself. This week’s literary geography quiz highlights the starting points or destinations of five novels about road trips. (Even if you aren’t familiar with the book, most questions offer an additional hint about the location.) To play, just make your selection in the multiple-choice list and the correct answer will be revealed. At the end of the quiz, you’ll find links to the books if you’d like to do further reading.
Culture
This Poem About Monet’s “Water Lilies” Reflects on the Powers and Limits of Art
In the midst of the world’s unrelenting horribleness, it’s important to make room for beauty. True! But also something of a truism, an idea that comes to hand a little too easily to be trusted. The proclamation that art matters — that, in difficult times, it helps — can sound like a shopworn self-care mantra.
So instead of musing on generalities, maybe we should focus our attention on a particular aesthetic experience. Instead of declaring the importance of art, we could look at a painting. Or we could read a poem.
A poem, as it happens, about looking at a painting.
Hayden did not take the act of seeing for granted. His eyesight was so poor that he described himself as “purblind”; as a child he was teased for his thick-framed glasses. Monet’s Giverny paintings, whose blurriness is sometimes ascribed to the painter’s cataracts, may have revealed to the poet not so much a new way of looking as one that he already knew.
Read in isolation, this short poem might seem to celebrate — and to exemplify — an art divorced from politics. Monet’s depiction of his garden, like the garden itself, offers a refuge from the world.
But “Selma” and “Saigon” don’t just represent headlines to be pushed aside on the way to the museum. They point toward the turmoil that preoccupied the poetry of Hayden and many of his contemporaries.
“Monet’s ‘Waterlilies’” was published in a 1970 collection called “Words in the Mourning Time.” The title poem is an anguished response to the assassinations of Robert F. Kennedy and the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and to the deepening quagmire in Vietnam. Another poem in the volume is a long elegy for Malcolm X. Throughout his career (he died in 1980, at 66), Hayden returned frequently to the struggles and tragedies of Black Americans, including his own family.
Born in Detroit in 1913, Hayden, the first Black American to hold the office now known as poet laureate of the United States, was part of a generation of poets — Gwendolyn Brooks, Dudley Randall, Margaret Danner and others — who came of age between the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and the Black Arts movement of the ’60s.
A poet of modernist sensibilities and moderate temperament, he didn’t adopt the revolutionary rhetoric of the times, and was criticized by some of his more radical peers for the quietness of his voice and the formality of his diction.
But his contemplative style makes room for passion.
Culture
Frankenstein’s Many Adaptations Over the Years
Ever since the mad scientist Frankenstein cried, “It’s alive!” in the 1931 classic film directed by James Whale, pop culture has never been the same.
Few works of fiction have inspired more adaptations, re-imaginings, parodies and riffs than Mary Shelley’s tragic 1818 Gothic novel, “Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus,” the tale of Victor Frankenstein, who, in his crazed quest to create life, builds a grotesque creature that he rejects immediately.
The story was first borrowed for the screen in 1910 — in a single-reel silent — and has directly or indirectly spawned hundreds of movies and TV shows in many genres. Each one, including Guillermo del Toro’s new “Frankenstein,” streaming on Netflix, comes with the same unspoken agreement: that we collectively share a core understanding of the legend.
Here’s a look at the many ways the central themes that Shelley explored, as she provocatively plumbed the human condition, have been examined and repurposed time and again onscreen.
“I will pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation.”— Victor Frankenstein, Chapter 3
The Mad-Scientist Creator
Shelley was profuse in her descriptions of the scientist’s relentless mind-set as he pursued his creation, his fixation on generating life blinding him to all the ramifications.
Sound familiar? Perhaps no single line in cinema has distilled this point better than in the 1993 blockbuster “Jurassic Park,” when Dr. Ian Malcolm tells John Hammond, the eccentric C.E.O. with a God complex, “Your scientists were so preoccupied with whether or not they could that they didn’t stop to think if they should.”
Among the beloved interpretations that offer a maniacal, morally muddled scientist is “The Curse of Frankenstein” (1957), the first in the Hammer series.
“Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein” (1994), directed by Kenneth Branagh, is generally considered the most straightforward adaptation of the book.
More inventive variations include the flamboyant Dr. Frank-N-Furter, who creates a “perfect man” in the 1975 camp favorite “The Rocky Horror Picture Show.”
In Alex Garland’s 2015 thriller, “Ex Machina,” a reclusive, self-obsessed C.E.O. builds a bevy of female-like humanoids.
And in the 1985 horror comedy “Re-Animator,” a medical student develops a substance that revives dead tissue.
Then there are the 1971 Italian gothic “Lady Frankenstein” and the 2023 thriller “Birth/Rebirth,” in which the madman is in fact a madwoman.
“With an anxiety that almost amounted to agony, I collected the instruments of life around me, that I might infuse a spark of being into the lifeless thing that lay at my feet.”— Victor Frankenstein, Chapter 5
The Moment of Reanimation
Shelley is surprisingly vague about how her scientist actually accomplishes his task, leaving remarkable room for interpretation. In a conversation with The New York Times, del Toro explained that he had embraced this ambiguity as an opportunity for imagination, saying, “I wanted to detail every anatomical step I could in how he put the creature together.”
Filmmakers have reimagined reanimation again and again. See Mel Brooks’s affectionate 1974 spoof, “Young Frankenstein,” which stages that groundbreaking scene from Whale’s first movie in greater detail.
Other memorable Frankensteinian resurrections include the 1987 sci-fi action movie “RoboCop,” when a murdered police officer is rebooted as a computerized cyborg law enforcer.
In the 2012 Tim Burton animated “Frankenweenie,” a young scientist revives his beloved dog by harnessing lighting.
And in the 2019 psychologically bleak thriller “Depraved,” an Army surgeon, grappling with trauma, pieces together a bundle of body parts known as Adam.
“Accursed creator! Why did you form a monster so hideous that even you turned from me in disgust?”— The creature, Chapter 15
The Wretched Creature
In Shelley’s telling, the creature has yellow skin, flowing black hair, white teeth and watery eyes, and speaks eloquently, but is otherwise unimaginably repulsive, allowing us to fill in the blanks. Del Toro envisions an articulate, otherworldly being with no stitches, almost like a stone sculpture.
It was Whale’s 1931 “Frankenstein” — based on a 1927 play by Peggy Webling — and his 1935 “Bride of Frankenstein” that have perhaps shaped the story’s legacy more than the novel. Only loosely tethered to the original text, these films introduced the imagery that continues to prevail: a lumbering monster with a block head and neck bolts, talking like a caveman.
In Tim Burton’s 1990 modern fairy tale “Edward Scissorhands,” a tender humanoid remains unfinished when its creator dies, leaving it with scissor-bladed prototypes for hands.
In David Cronenberg’s 1986 body horror, “The Fly,” a scientist deteriorates slowly into a grotesque insectlike monster after his experiment goes wrong.
In the 1973 blaxploitation “Blackenstein,” a Vietnam veteran who lost his limbs gets new ones surgically attached in a procedure that is sabotaged.
Conversely, in some films, the mad scientist’s experiment results in a thing of beauty: as in “Ex Machina” and Pedro Almodóvar’s 2011 thriller, “The Skin I Live In,” in which an obsessive plastic surgeon keeps a beautiful woman imprisoned in his home.
And in Yorgos Lanthimos’s 2023 sci-fi dramedy, “Poor Things,” a Victorian-era woman is brought back to life after her brain is swapped with that of a fetus.
“I am an unfortunate and deserted creature; I look around, and I have no relation or friend upon earth.”— The creature, Chapter 15
The All-Consuming Isolation
The creature in “Frankenstein” has become practically synonymous with the concept of isolation: a beast so tortured by its own existence, so ghastly it repels any chance of connection, that it’s hopelessly adrift and alone.
What’s easily forgotten in Shelley’s tale is that Victor is also destroyed by profound isolation, though his is a prison of his own making. Unlike most takes on the story, there is no Igor-like sidekick present for the monster’s creation. Victor works in seclusion and protects his horrible secret, making him complicit in the demise of everyone he loves.
The theme of the creator or the creation wallowing in isolation, physically and emotionally, is present across adaptations. In Steven Spielberg’s 2001 adventure, “A.I. Artificial Intelligence,” a family adopts, then abandons a sentient humanoid robot boy programmed to love.
In the 2003 psychological horror “May,” a lonely woman with a lazy eye who was ostracized growing up resolves to make her own friend, literally.
And in the 1995 Japanese animated cyberpunk “Ghost in the Shell,” a first-of-its-kind cyborg with a human soul struggles with its place amid humanity.
“Shall each man find a wife for his bosom, and each beast have his mate, and I be alone?”— The creature, Chapter 20
The Desperate Need for Companionship
In concert with themes of isolation, the creators and creations contend with the idea of companionship in most “Frankenstein”-related tales — whether romantic, familial or societal.
In the novel, Victor’s family and his love interest, Elizabeth, are desperate for him to return from his experiments and rejoin their lives. When the creature demands a romantic partner and Victor reneges, the creature escalates a vengeful rampage.
That subplot is the basis for Whale’s “The Bride of Frankenstein,” which does offer a partner, though there is no happily ever after for either.
Sometimes the monster finds love with a human, as in “Edward Scissorhands” or the 2024 horror romance “Lisa Frankenstein,” in which a woman falls for a reanimated 19th-century corpse.
In plenty of other adaptations, the mission is to restore a companion who once was. In the 1990 black comedy “Frankenhooker,” a science whiz uses the body parts of streetwalkers to bring back his fiancée, also Elizabeth, after she is chewed up by a lawn mower.
In John Hughes’s 1985 comedy, “Weird Science,” a couple of nerdy teenage boys watch Whale’s 1931 classic and decide to create a beautiful woman to elevate their social standing.
While the plot can skew sexual — as with “The Rocky Horror Picture Show,” “Ex Machina” and “Frankenhooker” — it can also skew poignant. In the 1991 sci-fi action blockbuster “Terminator 2: Judgment Day,” a fatherlike bond forms between a troubled teenage boy and the cyborg sent to protect him.
Or the creature may be part of a wholesome, albeit freakish, family, most famously in the hit 1960s shows “The Addams Family,” with Lurch as the family’s block-headed butler, and “The Munsters,” with Herman Munster as a nearly identical replica of Whale’s creature.
In Shelley’s novel, the creature devotes itself to secretly observing the blind man and his family as they bond over music and stories. While sitcom families like the Munsters and the Addamses may seem silly by comparison, it’s a life that Shelley’s creature could only have dreamed of — and in fact did.
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Hawaii2 days agoMissing Kapolei man found in Waipio, attorney says
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World5 days agoIsrael’s focus on political drama rather than Palestinian rape victim
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New Jersey1 day agoPolice investigate car collision, shooting in Orange, New Jersey
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Southwest6 days agoArmy veteran-turned-MAGA rising star jumps into fiery GOP Senate primary as polls tighten
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Seattle, WA2 days agoSoundgarden Enlist Jim Carrey and Seattle All-Stars for Rock Hall 2025 Ceremony