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SEC Chairman Ramps up Cryptocurrency Enforcement: $281M in Penalties Imposed in 2023

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SEC Chairman Ramps up Cryptocurrency Enforcement: 1M in Penalties Imposed in 2023

The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) increased its cryptocurrency enforcement actions by 53% in 2023. According to a new report, the 46 crypto enforcement actions carried out under Chairman Gary Gensler last year were the most the agency has carried out since 2013.

The SEC instituted 26 cases in US federal courts and 20 administrative proceedings in 2023. The total penalties imposed by the agency amounted to $281 million.

SEC Targets Cryptocurrency Securities

Around 82% of the SEC’s cases included fraud charges, while 37% addressed unregistered securities in initial coin offerings (ICOs). In total, the SEC’s actions targeted 124 defendants, of which 46% were firms and 54% were individuals.

According to Abe Chernin of Cornerstone Research’s Fintech practices, the SEC has focused on alleged violations of the so-called Howey Test for securities. Coinbase is currently fighting allegations it operated as an unregistered broker-dealer, while Kraken paid the SEC $30 million to settle allegations of selling unregistered securities.

Breakdown of SEC Enforcements by Alleged Violations | Source: Cornerstone Research

The agency instituted administrative proceedings involving non-fungible tokens (NFTs) for the first time in 2023. It charged the creators of the Stoner Catz web television series with raising $8 million for their show through the sales of Stoner Catz NFTs.

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The SEC Chairman is Not Done Yet

According to former SEC official John Reed Stark, the agency will likely pursue more enforcement actions against exchanges in 2024. Stark said more enforcement was necessary because most exchanges operate without regulatory oversight.

He said a primary concern is the conflicts of interest in many crypto businesses. For example, the SEC sued crypto and stock brokerage Robinhood in December 2020 for routing customer orders in a way that didn’t prioritize getting the best deal for customers. 

In June last year, the agency took Coinbase, the largest US crypto exchange, to task for depriving “investors of significant protections…and safeguards against conflicts of interest” and offering 12 tokens as unregistered securities. 

Read more: What Does It Mean To Receive a Wells Notice From the SEC?

The judge said last week in a hearing that the SEC’s standard of what constitutes security is defined too broadly. US District Judge Katherine Polk Failla said of the SEC’s assertions of its jurisdictions,

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“I want to understand how your standard does not sweep in the collectible market or commodities. It is a real fear that I have that your argument is just sweeping too broadly.”

Failla is expected to issue a ruling in the coming months. If she allows any part of the case to continue, the lawsuit could make it to trial next year.

Read more: Who Is Gary Gensler? Everything To Know About the SEC Chairman

In the long run, SEC chair Gary Gensler sees enforcement actions as a tool rather than a destination. The head of the SEC’s Crypto Assets and Cyber Units, David Hirsch, affirmed the agency’s goal to police the decentralized finance space.

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In adherence to the Trust Project guidelines, BeInCrypto is committed to unbiased, transparent reporting. This news article aims to provide accurate, timely information. However, readers are advised to verify facts independently and consult with a professional before making any decisions based on this content. Please note that our Terms and Conditions, Privacy Policy, and Disclaimers have been updated.

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Wisconsin lawmakers crack down on cryptocurrency scams

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Wisconsin lawmakers crack down on cryptocurrency scams

MADISON, WI (WTAQ) — A new bipartisan bill is the state legislature is attempting to keep Wisconsinites safe from scammers.

Assembly Bill 968 creates consumer protections around cryptocurrency kiosks—and is aimed at stopping criminals from using crypto-kiosks to steal from victims. It was passed by the assembly last month and is now heading to the senate.

Americans lost over $330 million to scams involving crypto-kiosks in 2025.

As amended; the bill that passed the assembly would:

  • set daily transaction limits at $1,000
  • require cryptocurrency-kiosk operators to provide users with receipts
  • implement consumer-identification measures for every transaction
  • allow scam victims to receive refunds

“This also requires crypto-kiosk operators to be licensed as a money transmitter with the Department of Financial Institutions,” said bill co-author Representative Dean Kaufert (R-Neenah). “Right now there is no state statute with regards to these crypto machines, and there has to be some oversight.”

Over 700 cryptocurrency kiosks are located in convenience stores, gas stations, restaurants, and other locations throughout Wisconsin.

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Detective Kevin Bahl with the Green Bay Police Department says although these scams don’t discriminate, scammers usually target the senior population.

“That’s because they’re the ones with more of the built up funds; that they can lose a significant of money, but we have seen a lot of younger victims too,” said Det. Bahl. “Victims are losing anywhere between a couple thousand dollars, all the way up to hundreds of thousands of dollars.”

The senate will reconvene beginning the second week of March, where Rep. Kaufert believes they will pass Senate Bill 975. Then the bill will go to the governor for approval by April 1. If approved, the law would likely go into effect around June.

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HSBC Says Lasting Iran Conflict Would Boost Oil, Gold, USD and Hurt Equities

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HSBC Says Lasting Iran Conflict Would Boost Oil, Gold, USD and Hurt Equities
Rising Iran conflict risks are jolting global markets, with HSBC warning oil shocks, currency swings, and equity volatility hinge on whether supply routes and production are disrupted, shaping inflation expectations and investor risk appetite worldwide. HSBC: Long-Running Conflict Would Reshape FX, Rates, and Equity Leadership Escalating geopolitical tensions are reshaping the global market outlook. Global […]
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Crypto Sector Suffers Exodus of Reliable Retail Investors | PYMNTS.com

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Crypto Sector Suffers Exodus of Reliable Retail Investors | PYMNTS.com

Retail investors are reportedly leaving the cryptocurrency sector, robbing the industry of a dependable driver.

That’s according to a report Sunday (March 1) from Bloomberg News, which says the speculative demand that once centered around crypto has shifted into stocks.

Since late 2024, retail investors have steadily shifted toward equities, a trend that sped up following the crypto crash last October, the report said, citing a new report from market-maker Wintermute which itself drew from JPMorgan Chase data.

Bloomberg characterizes the shift as striking at something key to the crypto’s market structure, which has long relied on investor mood as a key demand driver. If that demand is moving to other trades, it goes against the belief that digital assets can recover without something to draw back retail investors.

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“In prior cycles, excess retail risk appetite tended to concentrate in crypto,” said Evgeny Gaevoy, CEO of Wintermute, who added that crypto is now “one of many risky-asset classes with similar volatility profile that retail can use to invest and speculate on.”

More than $19 billion in positions were wiped out in October — $7 billion of them in less than an hour — liquidating more than 1.6 million traders, the report added.

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Since then, there’s been “a near-complete pivot into equities that is still ongoing,” the Wintermute said. Bitcoin has fallen from its record high of around $126,000 down to $66,000 amid reports of American and Israeli strikes against Iran, the report added.

In other digital assets news, PYMNTS wrote last week about the significance of Morgan Stanley’s application before the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) for a charter for a digital asset-focused national trust bank.

As that report said, a trust bank, as opposed to a traditional commercial bank, does not offer loans or deposits, but rather focuses on custody, fiduciary services and asset administration, basically acting as a highly regulated vault/legal steward. This structure, PYMNTS added, could be ideally suited to digital assets.

“The trust bank charter offers a solution,” the report added. “It allows a firm to handle digital assets under the supervision of the OCC while avoiding the capital and liquidity requirements associated with deposit-taking institutions. In regulatory terms, it is a bridge. In strategic terms, it could be an on-ramp for traditional finance to take over functions once dominated by crypto-native firms.”

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