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Wisconsin receives average marks on latest infrastructure report card

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Wisconsin receives average marks on latest infrastructure report card


A report card from a group of civil engineers graded Wisconsin’s infrastructure with a C+ in an assessment that covers 17 categories, including parks, roads and energy. 

That grade is a slight improvement from the 2020 report card, when Wisconsin received a C.

The American Society of Civil Engineers issues the report card every four years as a way to give residents and policymakers a picture of where a state stands when it comes to transportation, water systems, waste management and other infrastructure. This year, Wisconsin became the first state to have broadband evaluated as part of the report.

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Ken Mika is a regional director for the engineering society who is based in Green Bay and one of the co-authors of the latest report card.

“(This year’s grade) tells us that we are currently in a position where there are some areas that do need to get improved immediately, but nothing is detrimental,” Mika told WPR’s “Wisconsin Today.”

The report card is intended to identify infrastructure areas with critical needs and to keep things running smoothly where the state is already doing well.

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“A lot of times, people don’t know what’s going on with infrastructure unless something bad is happening,” Mika said. “Nobody knows what civil engineers are up to until a bridge collapses.”

The report authors offered three key recommendations for raising the state’s grade in 2028: 

  • Increase overall investment in infrastructure;
  • Ensure that infrastructure is safe, reliable and resilient;
  • Monitor access and improve data collection.

Mika joined “Wisconsin Today” for a look at some of the report’s key findings.

Milwaukee’s Interstate 43 is seen on Tuesday, Sept. 13, 2022. Evan Casey/WPR 

Roads get a C with recent investments

Wisconsin has more than 115,500 miles of roadways, and most of them saw improved pavement conditions since the previous report in 2020. 

That is largely due to an influx of local, state and federal funding, including the 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, according to the report. However, that funding is set to expire in 2026.

“That’s going to be when the real questions begin. Because if we are not able to sustain this amount of infrastructure investment into our roadways and other areas, we’re going to see everything drop to pre-2021 infrastructure grades,” Mika said. “We need to figure out what the long-term plan is.”

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For Mika, that includes identifying new funding models since the Wisconsin gas tax has remained the same since 2006 despite inflation. He also pointed to the fact that gas usage is down with more electric vehicles on the road.

“We need to figure out what’s the better way to cover the true costs of using our roadways than what we’ve been doing in the past,” he said.

A light brown sign reads "Kohler Dunes State Natural Area" next to a cordwalk
Kohler Park Dunes State Natural Area in Sheboygan in September 2024. While Wisconsin sees high participation in public parks, it ranks lowest in the country for per-visit spending. Richelle Wilson/WPR

Public parks get a D due to maintenance backlogs and low funding

This year is the first time report authors evaluated Wisconsin’s public parks, and the category received a D.

Mika chalked up the low grade to a lack of funding. He said Wisconsin has a wide gap between public park participation and how much the state Department of Natural Resources spends on the parks.

“The DNR spent an average of $3.39 per state resident on parks, which is the second lowest rate of all states in the United States,” Mika said. “That’s about $1.09 per visit, which is the lowest in the country, despite being ranked 17th nationally in participation.”

To boost the state’s public parks grade next time, the report recommends investing in critical upgrades to facilities, roads and drinking water at the parks.

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A yellow bulldozer digs into the dirt in front of a house
Crews with Hanco Utilities begin work on the first phase of Superior’s municipal broadband network, September 2024. Danielle Kaeding/WPR

Broadband gets a C-

Wisconsin is the first state to have a broadband grade in the infrastructure report card.

Mika said he was initially surprised by the low grade, given recent state and federal investments in broadband. But after reviewing the data, he said that limited access and low speeds in rural areas need to be addressed.

“We’re starting to realize that the older parts of the broadband network are not able to handle the latest and greatest speeds that are required for many of our new infrastructure as we become more of a data-centric society,” Mika said.

He pointed to the heavy use of broadband at home, schools and workplaces, as well as in operating infrastructure systems such as traffic lights or wastewater facilities.

Aerial photo of La Crosse County landfill
La Crosse County Landfill. Civil engineer Ken Mika says landfills are an example of successful public-private partnerships in Wisconsin’s infrastructure. Photo courtesy of La Crosse County

Waste management, ports and rail all receive B grades

The highest grades in this year’s infrastructure report card are in the B range, and that includes hazardous waste, solid waste, rail and ports.

For Mika, the common thread in these higher-performing categories is public-private partnerships. He offered the example of waste management.

“We have both private and publicly owned landfills in Wisconsin, and the DNR works with both entities correctly to the point where the private entities are being responsible and covering their costs and their share while also protecting the environment,” Mika said.

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He also pointed to ports as an example of effective public-private partnerships in the state, with many ports being led by a local public entity but also receiving significant investment from private companies.

Schools are given an ‘incomplete’

Another first on this year’s report, schools received an “incomplete.”

“Because of the lack of data since 1999, we weren’t able to fully do what we would have felt as a proper amount of evaluation and grading,” Mika said.

For this report, the engineering society looks at school buildings, not educational programs, Mika explained. He hopes that the grade in the report card will create a push for more publicly available information on school facilities. 

“If the state of Wisconsin can, it would be a good time to update the data so that the public can be better informed of what’s going on with our schools,” he said. 

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Read the 2024 report card for Wisconsin’s infrastructure here.



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Big Brothers Big Sisters of Northeast Wisconsin gets $250,000 grant from Packers Give Back

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Big Brothers Big Sisters of Northeast Wisconsin gets 0,000 grant from Packers Give Back


GREEN BAY (WLUK) — A local nonprofit is getting a big boost in funding from the green and gold.

Big Brothers Big Sisters of Northeast Wisconsin was awarded a $250,000 social justice impact grant from Green Bay Packers Give Back, officials announced Wednesday. The program creates and supports one-on-one mentoring relationships between children, known as Littles, and volunteer mentors, known as Bigs.

The grant money from Packers Give Back will go toward ongoing projects geared at creating a safe, engaging space for Bigs and Littles to meet consistently, as well as provide programming opportunities for Littles who are waiting to be matched with a Big. Most kids sit on the waiting list for at least six months because of a shortage of Bigs, the nonprofit says.

“The Green Bay Packers organization has been incredibly special to Big Brothers Big Sisters for years, not just through financial support, but through the staff members who step up as Bigs and form life-changing relationships with kids in our community,” said Monica McClure, CEO of Big Brothers Big Sisters of Northeast Wisconsin, in a news release.

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As we look ahead, we’re not just asking how we deliver mentoring. We’re asking how we can deliver it better, sooner and to every child who’s waiting for a mentor. With support from the Green Bay Packers, we can expand opportunities for matches and reach the youth on our waitlist, ensuring more children get the guidance and support they need to thrive.

The social justice impact grant, combined with other Packers charitable endeavors, contributed to a comprehensive impact of more than $13 million in the past year.

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The national Big Brothers Big Sisters organization has also been recognized by the NFL as part of the league’s Inspire Change social justice initiative.



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Wisconsin population growth slows as international migration shrinks by more than half

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Wisconsin population growth slows as international migration shrinks by more than half


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Wisconsin’s population is on the rise, but the rate of growth has slowed over the past year amid a plunge in international migration to the state, according to recent estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau.

As of July 2025, Wisconsin had 5,972,787 residents, the Census Bureau reported Jan. 27. That’s about 15,000 residents – or about 0.26% – more than in 2024. That growth rate is nearly half what it was the year before and the lowest of the post-pandemic years so far.

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Wisconsin is not alone in the trend. Nationwide population growth also slowed significantly in 2025 due to a dip in international migration. The year saw President Donald Trump begin a sweeping crackdown on immigration, which has involved everything from halting refugee programs to revoking protected status for hundreds of thousands of migrants.

In Wisconsin, the latest estimates show the number of international migrants coming to the state fell by more than 62% in 2025.

Here’s what else the Census Bureau report found.

Wisconsin’s population growth rate falls to lowest since pandemic

After several years of post-pandemic recovery, Wisconsin’s population growth in 2025 was its lowest since 2021, according to Census Bureau estimates.

The state’s 0.26% population growth rate was down from about 0.45% in 2023 and 2024, and 0.36% from 2022. Nationally, population growth halved last year, with the country’s population growing by 0.5%, or 1.8 million residents, compared to 1%, or 3.2 million residents, in 2024.

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Various projections have predicted a long-term decline of Wisconsin’s population. In early 2025, the Department of Administration projected most Wisconsin counties would face a shrinking population by 2050, with an estimated statewide loss of nearly 200,000 residents.

Milwaukee County, though, defied these expectations when its population grew for the first time in a decade in 2024. The county’s population reached just under 925,000 residents as of July 1, 2024, which was up by 2,880 people, or 0.31%, from the prior year. The slight growth came after the county lost about 15,000 residents between 2020 and 2024 – the most of any Wisconsin county in that time period.

The Census Bureau has not yet released county population data for 2025.

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After reaching record levels in 2024, international migration plunges

For both Wisconsin and the country, a rapid decline in international migration is driving the slowdown in population growth.

The drop comes after migration to Wisconsin reached the highest level in two decades in 2024, largely spurred by people moving to the state from other countries, according to U.S. Census Bureau estimates. Between July 2023 and June 2024, Wisconsin saw about 19,300 international migrants and about 5,800 domestic migrants move to the state.

In contrast, between June 2024 and July 2025, the number of international migrants dropped to 7,200 – the lowest since 2020. Nationwide, the number of international migrants fell by more than 50% from 2.7 million to 1.3 million last year.

The latter half of that yearlong period saw the Trump administration start its nationwide crackdown on immigration, including in Wisconsin.

For several years, global unrest drove people to the U.S. and Wisconsin: The fall of Kabul in Afghanistan and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine led to a national and local influx of refugees from those countries. Biden-era sponsorship of immigrants from Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua and Venezuela also allowed more legal immigrants, and Milwaukee in particular became a hub for Burmese refugees from Myanmar.

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In his first few weeks in office, Trump issued a slew of executive orders on immigration, including indefinitely suspending federal refugee programs. More recently, the Trump administration announced Jan. 14 it would stop processing visas from 75 countries, halting the legal immigration process for hundreds of local immigrants and refugees in Milwaukee.

The curbing of international migration comes as some economists and population experts have argued that more immigrants will be key to growing the economy in Milwaukee and Wisconsin – especially with a declining birth rate and projections of a shrinking population.

Midwest sees domestic migration grow for the first time since pandemic

Despite the dip in international migration, the Midwest was the only region of the country where all states gained population last year, the Census Bureau reported.

It’s a change from when the region saw a steep population decline in 2021, followed by small growth in 2022, and then steadier growth each year after that. The past year was the first time this decade that the Midwest saw positive domestic net migration, meaning more people moved to the Midwest from other U.S. states than moved away.

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Through domestic migration, the Midwest gained 16,000 residents last year, compared to net losses of more than 175,000 residents in 2021 and 2022.

Still, Midwest states were not immune to the effects of the immigration decline: The region’s population grew by about 244,000 residents in 2025, compared to about 386,000 in 2024.



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Wisconsin lawmakers debate ban on data center secrecy deals

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Wisconsin lawmakers debate ban on data center secrecy deals


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  • Wisconsin lawmakers are considering a bill to ban non-disclosure agreements for data center projects.
  • The legislation aims to prevent developers and officials from concealing project details from the public.
  • Supporters argue the bill increases transparency, while some business groups oppose it.
  • The bill would also prohibit local governments from approving projects that used such secrecy agreements.

MADISON – Data center developers and government leaders would be barred from concealing key information about their projects from Wisconsin residents under legislation moving through the state Capitol this week.

State lawmakers on Tuesday heard public testimony on a slate of bills aimed at governing the boom of data center construction in the state. One bill would ban developers and government officials from entering into non-disclosure agreements aimed at keeping details of the project secret as negotiations are underway.

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Reviews of data center proposals by NBC News and Wisconsin Watch revealed local officials across the country and in the state are entering into such secrecy agreements, especially when it comes to large-scale projects.

The Senate Committee on Utilities, Technology and Tourism held a public hearing Tuesday on the bill, which drew several supporters, including Wisconsin-centric comedian Charlie Berens.

“I think it is an imperative we implement stronger guardrails to protect people and not greedy data centers that only care about their own profit and not of the best interest of the community,” Erin Pintar of Milwaukee said.

The Wisconsin Data Center Coalition and the Wisconsin Manufacturers and Commerce organizations registered against the bill, which is authored by Republican lawmakers.

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Prescott Balch, a retired tech executive and candidate for Caledonia trustee, said lawmakers also should address the timeline for public input, arguing a typical timespan of less than two months is not enough for a community to understand a proposal and advocate for itself. He suggested a “cooling off period” of at least four months.

“An eager village board and staff coupled with a well-funded, marketing-savvy tech company makes it nearly impossible for the community to have a chance at making their voices heard,” Balch testified. “Give us four months as a community to organize. … Just level the playing field.”

The bill would prohibit developers of data centers from entering into a nondisclosure agreement or any similar arrangement with the “purpose or effect of concealing the details of the development of the data center with, or preventing the public review of, a (political subdivision) or person selling property to the data center.”

The bill would also prevent a local government from approving a data center development project if the operator had entered into such an agreement.

Lawmakers could take up the bill yet this session, which is slated to end by March.

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Molly Beck can be reached at molly.beck@jrn.com.



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