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Minneapolis, MN

Marijuana production, retail license regulations eyed by Minneapolis

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Marijuana production, retail license regulations eyed by Minneapolis


As recreational marijuana becomes legal throughout Minnesota, leaders in the state’s largest city are looking to define a wide swath of regulations for businesses and licenses before the Office of Cannabis Management (OCM) officially doles out licenses next year.

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On Thursday, Minneapolis officials discussed proposed city zoning code amendments regulating the cultivation, production, distribution, and retail sale of cannabis flower.

In an adult use cannabis staff memo, Minneapolis City Council members discussed standards that would, “regulate odor, light and glare, security, and noise, but are general in nature” while seeking to regulate the emerging industry.

“City leaders and subject matter experts across our local government have been collaborating for months to develop a framework to keep the production and sale of recreational cannabis safe for the community,” Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey said in a statement.

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Several tiers of licenses will be made available by the OCM, and the council will seek to regulate each through the proposed zoning amendment.
Below is a table of licenses, with their included definition as currently proposed:

  • Cannabis microbusiness/mezzobusiness: Both allow a license holder to cultivate, manufacture, and sell cannabis, and related products. Micro and mezzobusinesses differ in the scale of operation permitted, with a 5,000 square foot plant canopy limit placed on indoor cultivation at microbusinesses, and a 15,000 square foot limit at mezzobusinesses.
  • Cannabis cultivator: Allows an entity to grow cannabis for commercial purposes. Cannabis cultivation must be conducted inside an enclosed building, and not take place in hoop houses, greenhouses, or other similar structures. A cannabis cultivation license would be limited to 30,000 square feet of plant canopy. If the business has a retail component, it would be subject to the use standards for a dispensary.
  • Cannabis/hemp edible manufacturer: Allows an entity to process cannabis or hemp to create products.
  • Cannabis retailer: Also known as a dispensary, a business would be subject to further regulations due to its public-facing, retail component. A dispensary could not share a common entrance with a liquor store, a tobacco products shop, a food and beverage shop, a drugstore or a pharmacy. It also must be located at least 350 feet from a school (though staff are considering a 500-foot requirement). It could also not be located within 350 feet of an existing dispensary.
  • Cannabis transporter: Allows a license holder to transport cannabis, hemp, or associated products from a cannabis business to a cannabis business.
  • Cannabis wholesaler: Allows an entity to obtain, store, and sell cannabis and hemp and related products for resale to a cannabis business, but not to consumers.
  • Cannabis testing facility: Allows a license holder to obtain and test cannabis and hemp plants and products, similar to a laboratory.
  • Cannabis event organizer: Allows an entity to organize temporary cannabis events that last no more than four days.
  • Cannabis delivery service: Allows a license holder to purchase cannabis or hemp products, and transport and deliver those products directly to consumers.
  • Medical cannabis combination business: Allows a license holder to cultivate, manufacture, and sell cannabis, hemp, and cannabis and hemp related supplies and products. Similar to a micro or mezzobusiness license, however, this would primarily serve the medical cannabis industry.

As licenses are granted by the OCM, local governments outside of Minneapolis will be able to adopt their own zoning ordinances.

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State statute permits local governments to limit the number of licensed cannabis retailers and businesses to no less than one registration for every 12,500 residents.

Based on 2020 Census data for the city of Minneapolis, the population of 429,954 people would equate to a minimum of 34 licenses. No current license cap for dispensary or retail cannabis operations is currently being proposed.

City staff says it aims to bring draft recommendations to the City Planning Commission and City Council in the coming months, with adoption taking place by the end of summer.

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OCM has previously said it expects to grant licenses to social equity applicants prior to early 2025.

A legislative change this session to allow early cultivation will permit social equity applicants with pre-approval to begin cultivation prior to rule-making concluding at the state level if an applicant receives approval at the local level.

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Minneapolis ordinance path to approval

The Minneapolis zoning code is the city’s regulation of land use, and exists to comply with state law, respond to changing market conditions and streamline city ordinances, among other objectives.

City Council members can propose amendments to the code, which is then researched and drafted.

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At a City Council meeting, a member can provide a notice of intent to introduce the ordinance change, which is then discussed in committee. City staff can also conduct research and analyze alternative options for the proposed changes during this period.

During the adoption process, a public hearing is held to consider feedback, and a planning commission makes a final recommendation to the council prior to a vote.

If approved, the ordinance amendment is published, and the mayor of Minneapolis can formally approve it with a signature.

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It then becomes effective the date the regulation begins. 



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ICE put themselves, others at risk during south Minneapolis operation, former agent says

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ICE put themselves, others at risk during south Minneapolis operation, former agent says


During an ICE operation on Monday, WCCO’s cameras caught the stunning moment that an Immigration and Customs Enforcement agent dragged a woman along the ground by her arm, with her wrist seemingly attached to that of the federal officer’s by a restraint. 

At WCCO’s request, Eric Balliet reviewed the footage. He spent 25 years with the agency now known as ICE, serving as a special agent who would go on to lead the ICE equivalent of internal affairs. 

“I’ve arrested dozens upon dozens of human traffickers, human smugglers, child molesters, you name it. I’ve never dragged a suspect one-handed across a street,” Balliet said. 

According to ICE, agents found themselves in what they are calling a “riot” in south Minneapolis after pulling over a car with two people facing immigration charges. Officers allege in court documents that a woman attempted to vandalize ICE vehicles with spray paint — the crowd began forming as ICE attempted to detain her. 

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WCCO’s cameras arrived with two officers surrounded by protesters; one of them was waving around a weapon that deploys chemical spray. The other was kneeling on top of the woman, his wrist attached to hers with the restraint, using his other arm to wave around a Taser. Both of the officers fired their respective weapons; after using his Taser, that officer taunted the crowd, asking “who wants more?” 

It was after this incident that the woman got up and tried to run. She was then dragged across the floor by the agent with the Taser before he detached from her; some in the crowd threw snowballs while his partner fired chemical spray in return. 

Balliet said that these use-of-force tactics should be under review. He said that the agents appeared overwhelmed, highlighting what to him seemed to be poor operational planning and execution. 

Balliet said that too often he sees agents unable to safely handle situations that they should never have put themselves in in the first place. 

“There seems to be either a blatant disregard for training or a lack thereof, either of which is troubling and puts the agents and the general public at risk,” Balliet said. 

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In a lengthy statement released on Thursday, an unnamed ICE spokesperson said that officers are showing restraint against “rioters.” ICE did not respond to WCCO’s questions about whether dragging someone along the floor by a restraint or verbally taunting a crowd of protesters is standard protocol. The agency also failed to say if any of the agents involved on Monday face internal discipline. 

“ICE and CBP are trained to use the minimum amount of force necessary to resolve dangerous situations to prioritize the safety of the public and themselves. Our officers are highly trained in de-escalation tactics and regularly receive ongoing use of force training,” the statement reads in part.

In an interview with 60 Minutes in October, President Trump endorsed ICE agents using force in residential neighborhoods in cities throughout the country. This came after an incident in Illinois where cell phone video showed federal agents standing several stories above protesters and shooting less-than-lethal munitions towards their heads and torsos. 

Protesters and media organizations in Chicago filed a complaint in federal court about tactics in the Chicago area as well as those captured on video recordings in Portland, Oregon; Los Angeles and other cities. In early November, U.S. District Court Judge Sara L. Ellis issued an order blocking federal agents from deploying chemical spray, tear gas or any other less-lethal weapon “unless such force is necessary to stop the immediate threat of physical harm to another.” 

The Trump administration has filed an appeal.  

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On Monday, ICE confirmed the arrest of four people. WCCO learned that the two people detained on immigration charges are an Ecuadorian couple in their early 20s; agents shattered their car window before detaining the pair. The other two arrested are U.S. citizens who ICE alleges assaulted officers; however, WCCO could only find evidence that one of the men is actually facing criminal charges. 

According to ICE, a man named Noor Abdikadir is still in custody for assaulting an officer. WCCO could not find any publicly available information regarding any kind of charges; ICE is ignoring clarifying questions about his whereabouts and alleged crimes.

A man with a very similar name, Abdikadir Noor, is among six people who are suing ICE for civil rights violations with the assistance of the American Civil Liberties Union of Minnesota. In the lawsuit, the Somali-American said that ICE tackled him during Monday’s operation without provocation, leaving him with injuries. He stated that he was among the first on scene, driving to the nearby Karmel Mall when he noticed ICE pull over the car behind him. He said that once the crowd began to form he tried to keep the peace. 

Noor said that once he was released from the Whipple Federal Building at Fort Snelling, where ICE operates from, he was given no documentation or explanation for why he was arrested in the first place. 

While ICE failed to identify whether they have a different man still in custody, WCCO could identify documentation for the other man, Maxwell Collyard. In a complaint written by HSI Special Agent Michael Raiff, agents accuse Collyard of being part of the “mob” throwing ice, snow, rocks and other objects following Monday’s vehicle stop. 

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Collyard allegedly repeatedly ignored commands from ICE officers to back up and instead threatened officers on scene. 

At one point, an officer sprayed Collyard with “oleoresin capsicum” spray, a chemical agent. After this, the complaint alleges that Collyard and others tackled one of the officers while they were attempting to detain the woman seen pinned on the floor. From here, the complaint states that Collyard followed the agents involved away from the scene in his pickup truck; this is where officers arrested him. According to court records, he’s now under house arrest. 

In audio released by the Hennepin County Sheriff’s Office, a supervisor with the ICE operation based in St. Paul called for help from local law enforcement. Deputies with the Hennepin County Sheriff’s Office and officers with the Minneapolis Police Department responded, only to find no evidence that agents were in life-threatening danger. 

Balliet said from what he saw, there is evidence that ICE agents are deploying to cities like Minneapolis without being properly equipped to handle the public backlash. 

“I feel like it falls on the lack of leadership, the lack of accountability, poor training, poor operational planning, poor execution,” Balliet said. 

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Bystanders throw snowballs at ICE agents dragging woman on the ground in Minneapolis – video

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Bystanders throw snowballs at ICE agents dragging woman on the ground in Minneapolis – video


US federal agents were filmed dragging a woman and pinning her down in the snow for several minutes in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on Monday. Bystanders pleaded with the agents to let the woman go and threw snowballs at them. The Minneapolis police chief, Brian O’Hara, criticised the ICE tactics after the incident



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‘She’s pregnant’: Trump’s immigration agent drags woman through Minneapolis street, kneels on her; video goes viral

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‘She’s pregnant’: Trump’s immigration agent drags woman through Minneapolis street, kneels on her; video goes viral


United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents violently dragged a woman in Minneapolis this week, and pinned her face down on snow-filled streets as onlookers screamed. According to ICE officials, they were deployed for ‘targeted vehicle stop,’ when protesters swarmed the agents. Soon after several onlookers including journalists saw an ICE agent holding a woman on the ground. The video of the incident has now gone viral on social media with people criticising ICE for their violent methods. The Minneapolis police chief criticised federal immigration enforcement tactics after the chaotic scene.

What exactly happened?

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According to the video, ICE agents handcuffed a pregnant woman, and violently pinned her to the ground by forcing her onto her stomach and pressed their body weight into her even as the crowd shouted that she was pregnant. According to ICE, the incident happened during ‘Operation Metro Surge.’

Minneapolis Police Chief Brian O’Hara said that ICE did not appear to take steps to de-escalate the situation as bystanders shouted at agents and threw snowballs in an attempt to save the woman. “We have been training our officers for the last five years very, very intensely on de-escalation, but unfortunately that is … often not what we are seeing from other agencies in the city,” O’Hara said. O’Hara also accused ICE of stoking fear, including the practice of hiding their identities with masks and unmarked clothes.

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This comes as US President Donald Trump’s administration has increased immigration enforcement in the Twin Cities of Minnesota – Minneapolis and Saint Paul. Trump called Somali immigrants there “garbage” and said they should be deported after dozens of people, including Somali immigrants, were charged in a fraud scheme.



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