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Why have England and Wales nearly run out of prison spaces?

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Why have England and Wales nearly run out of prison spaces?

Prisons in England and Wales are facing a severe overcrowding crisis amid reports that fewer than 100 spaces remain in men’s prisons.

According to the Ministry of Justice, prisons have been operating at more than 99 percent capacity since the start of 2023.

At the end of last week, the prison population stood at 88,234, up by 341 offenders the previous Friday, according to official figures. On Wednesday, UK media cited the Prison Officers’ Association saying only 83 places remained in men’s prisons.

On Friday last week, magistrates courts in England and Wales, lower courts which handle minor criminal cases, were told to delay the hearings of offenders on bail who are likely to be jailed until at least September 10.

The Labour government, which came into power last month in a landslide election, has repeatedly condemned the former governing party, the Conservatives, for neglecting the justice system and says its inaction has led to the current crisis.

As former director of public prosecutions, Prime Minister Keir Starmer said on Tuesday that he “could not believe” he had to count available prison places to cope with those who had been arrested for involvement in the far-right riots which targeted Muslim and minority communities earlier this month.

“Not having enough prison places is about as fundamental a failure as you can get. And those people throwing rocks, torching cars, making threats, they didn’t just know the system was broken, they were betting on it, gaming it,” he said.

But why are prisons in England and Wales so overcrowded, and what is being done to remedy the problem?

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How fast have prison numbers been rising in England and Wales?

Within Western Europe, the UK has the highest rate of incarceration, with prison numbers sharply rising since the pandemic due to case backlogs, court delays and a new requirement for serious offenders to serve at least two-thirds of their sentences behind bars following a 2023 sentencing bill.

According to figures from the Prison Service, 23 percent of inmates had to share cells due to crowding in 2022-2023.

The Ministry of Justice predicts that the prison population will grow to between 95,000 and 114,000 by 2027 once case backlogs have been cleared.

Official figures from last year showed that magistrates’ courts handled more than 1.33 million criminal cases of varying severity.

Why is England and Wales running out of prison space?

Mark Fairhurst, National Chair of the Professional Trades Union for Prison, Correctional and Secure Psychiatric Workers, confirmed that only 83 places remain in men’s prisons when Al Jazeera spoke to him.

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He said prisons are in this situation because over the past “five or six years the previous government was warned they would need at least 96,000 prison spaces” to cater to demand.

“[But] the government failed to act on that advice and failed to supply enough spaces,” he said.

“They didn’t build enough prisons, and they didn’t create enough spaces within existing prisons. On the back of their [the Conservatives’] 14-year tenure in government, they closed 20 public sector prisons with the loss of 10,700 cell spaces. Whereas if they would have invested in those prisons and modernised them, we wouldn’t be in this situation now.”

The recent far-right riots in the UK have further exacerbated the crisis.

Prosecutors have been trying to fast-track those accused of being involved in the riots, in which about 1,000 people were arrested, and 466 have so far been charged after courts sat for 24 hours per day to hear cases of those arrested in the riots.

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What is the new government doing to manage the crisis?

Following the riots earlier this month, the government announced Operation Early Dawn, under which defendants waiting to appear in court will be held in police station cells and not summoned to magistrates’ courts until space is available in prisons.

The measure is expected to reduce the number of new inmates in already overcrowded prison facilities.

In July, the new justice secretary, Shabana Mahmood, also announced plans to reduce the minimum time inmates should serve from 50 percent of their sentences to 40 percent.

Then, last Friday, magistrates courts were told to delay hearings for offenders likely to be imprisoned.

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“There is now only one way to avert disaster. I do not choose to do this because I want to … but we are taking every protection that is available to us. Let me be clear, this is an emergency measure,” Mahmood said.

“This is not a permanent change. I am unapologetic in my belief that criminals must be punished,” she added.

The changes are expected to come into effect in September, resulting in 5,500 people being released in September and October.

However, Nasrul Ismail, a senior lecturer in criminology at the University of Bristol, told Al Jazeera that the emergency measure to hold defendants in police cells raises “significant concerns regarding cost, rehabilitation, and sustainability”.

“For instance, between February and July 2023, an average of 274 police cells were used daily to cope with the prison capacity crisis, equating to 612 pounds [$806.48] per day – six times higher than the average cost per prison place per day,” Ismail said.

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“Police cells are not designed for medium- or long-term imprisonment, making it nearly impossible to provide effective rehabilitation programmes,” he added.

Which sorts of prisoners will have their sentences shortened?

The temporary measure of reducing minimum serving time will not apply to those convicted of sex offences, terrorism, domestic abuse or other violent offences.

Those involved in the recent riots will also not be eligible for shortened sentencing.

A July news release from the Ministry of Justice stated that anyone released will be “strictly monitored.”

What does this mean for society?

Fairhurst said that temporary measures will affect everyone because “what has been swift justice for some will be delayed justice for others”.

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“What do the victims of crime think about somebody who, for example, may have been sentenced to 10 years, but they’re actually only going to serve four? That does not create a good public image for government or the prison service,” he said.

“So, I think what is important to note is that this is a temporary measure, which will probably only last for a maximum of 18 months before the government need to come up with some long-term strategy,” he added.

Ismail said other effects on society could also flow from a lack of effective rehabilitation programmes for inmates due to the overcrowding issue.

He added once an inmate had been released early due to the temporary measures, the issue of “severely overstretched” housing and probation systems arises.

“This prompts the urgent need for comprehensive reform across the entire criminal justice system, not just in addressing the lack of prison space,” Ismail said.

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What should the government do now?

In the lead-up to July’s general election, the Labour Party’s manifesto included a pledge to deliver 14,000 prison places at a cost of 4 billion pounds ($5.2bn).

However, Fairhurst said this would not address the problem in isolation. “I think we need to reduce the prison population, and I think a good way of doing that would be to scrap the new build prison programme and plough that 4 billion pounds back into public services,” he said.

He argued that using the money to fund probation and mental health services would address the overcrowding crisis and make society “a lot safer” than using it to increase prison places, which would lead to more people being sentenced to fill up the spaces.

Ismail also said the government should take more preventive measures and fund rehabilitation programmes and youth clubs to reduce rates of criminality.

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Emma Thompson’s ‘Down Cemetery Road’ Renewed for Season 2 at Apple TV

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Emma Thompson’s ‘Down Cemetery Road’ Renewed for Season 2 at Apple TV

“Down Cemetery Road,” the Apple TV thriller series starring Emma Thompson and Ruth Wilson, has been renewed for a second season.

The news comes on the heels of the show’s Season 1 finale, which aired on Wednesday. Season 2 will “reunite Zoë Boehm (Thompson) and Sarah Trafford (Wilson) chasing down another twisted mystery,” according to a provided synopsis. “After a woman falls in front of a train Zoë is called in to investigate, but this seemingly simple case soon upends her life as she and Sarah find themselves navigating the glamorous but ruthless world of black market antiquities. Matters take a deadly turn when they stumble into the path of a brutal serial killer who will stop at nothing to cover up his crimes.”

Thompson also executive produces “Down Cemetery Road” alongside writer Morwenna Banks; Jamie Laurenson, Hakan Kousetta and Tom Nash at 60Forty Films; and Mick Herron, the author of the 2003 novel the show is based on. Börkur Sigþórssen (“Insomnia”) will serve as lead director for the second season.

“I’m so thrilled that ‘Down Cemetery Road’ has been enjoyed enough to warrant a second season,” Thompson said in a statement. “The thought of working with the team again, with wonderful Morwenna Banks in the writer’s seat and the indomitable Ruth Wilson who is the best and most brilliant co-star any aging Dame could desire, is frankly far more than I feel I deserve. Zoë Boehm is a punkishly delicious avatar and I can’t wait to pull on her knock-off Doc Martens again. Thanks to everyone who watched! We are go for the next one and it’s all down to you.”

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Added Jay Hunt, creative director, Europe at Apple TV: “Audiences around the world fell in love with ‘Down Cemetery Road’ and I am glad the unlikely duo of Zoë and Sarah will be back with their unique form of acerbic wit.”

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Israeli official issues stark warning after chilling Syrian military war chants surface

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Israeli official issues stark warning after chilling Syrian military war chants surface

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A group of soldiers of the Syrian army was documented chanting a jihadi declaration of war on Israel during a military parade in Damascus on Tuesday, prompting a minister for the Jewish state to issue a chilling prediction.

Amichai Chikli, Israel’s minister of Diaspora Affairs, posted on X, “War is inevitable.” Chikli embedded a video from Visegrád 24 that showed Syria’s new army marching through Damascus. Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa attended the military parade.

The footage, according to Fox News Digital’s independent verification of the Arabic, showed them chanting “Gaza, Gaza, our rallying cry, Victory and steadfastness, night & day. We rise against you, enemy, we rise. From mountains of fire we make our way. From my blood I forge my ammunition. From your blood, rivers will flow.”

SYRIA’S NEW PRESIDENT TAKES CENTER STAGE AT UNGA AS CONCERNS LINGER OVER TERRORIST PAST  

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Military personnel perform during a military parade, as Syrians mark the first anniversary of Bashar al-Assad’s fall, in Damascus, Syria, Dec. 8, 2025. (Khalil Ashawi/Retuers)

In a statement to Fox News Digital about his posts on X, Chikli said, “The harrowing testimonies coming from our Druze brothers about what is happening in Sweida leave no doubt. A regime that kills like ISIS, rapes like ISIS, and destroys like ISIS everything that is not itself — it is ISIS, even if it wears a suit and plays basketball.”

The Trump administration is pushing for a security deal between Syria and Israel that would stabilize the heartland of the Middle East. Al-Sharaa met with Trump in the White House last month.

Speaking at a Jerusalem Post conference on Wednesday in Washington, D.C., Tom Barrack, who is U.S. ambassador to Turkey and special envoy to Syria, said Damascus is not interested in aggression toward Israel, according to the newspaper.

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Syria’s President Ahmed al-Sharaa delivers a speech on the first anniversary of Bashar al-Assad’s fall, in Damascus, Syria Dec. 8, 2025. (Khalil Ashawi/Reuters)

“Syria joining the anti-ISIS coalition was unthinkable not long ago.” Barrack said the U.S. and Syria have eliminated nine Hezbollah cells and several Islamic State cells over the past few weeks. “After Oct. 7, Israel doesn’t trust anyone,” he said at the event, adding “That’s why we’ve offered to serve as a peacekeeping force. Verification replaces trust.”  

Barrack claimed Jerusalem sees Syria as “the softest play” in the complex Mideast security situation. “Syria has no alternative path,” he said. “And neither does Israel, if it wants to avoid perpetual military confrontation on every border.” He said the Abraham Accords, which normalized diplomatic relations between moderate Sunni states United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Morocco and Israel, could be expanded to Syria.

U.S. Ambassador to Turkey and Special Envoy to Syria Tom Barrack, speaks during a press conference after his meeting with Lebanese President Joseph Aoun at the presidential palace, in Baabda, east of Beirut, Lebanon, Monday, Aug. 18, 2025. (AP Photo/Hussein Malla)

The Associated Press reported that al-Sharaa said at a conference over the weekend in Qatar that “There are currently negotiations, and the United States is participating and engaged in those negotiations.”

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The Syrian president wants Israel to withdraw its forces from Syria and recommit to a 1974 truce agreement.

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Israeli forces secure the area around Beit Jann after detaining two suspects and coming under fire in one of the most serious clashes on the Syrian front this year. (IDF)

Israel says it seized the 400-square-kilometer (155-square-mile) demilitarized buffer zone in southern Syria in a preemptive move to prevent militants from moving into the area after Islamist insurgents toppled Assad.

Israeli troops have regularly carried out operations in villages and towns inside and outside the zone, including raids snatching people it says are suspected militants. At least 13 people were killed in an Israeli operation against suspected terrorists last month.

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When questioned about his record as an al Qaeda member (the U.S. scrapped its $10 million bounty for al-Sharaa’s arrest for terrorism last year) at the Doha Forum in Qatar, the Syrian president said: “What is the definition of terrorism or a terrorist? Saying that I was a terrorist and judging me as a terrorist is politicized… we saw wars in Afghanistan, in Iraq — all of those that were killed were innocent.”

TRUMP TO SIGN ORDER LIFTING SANCTIONS ON SYRIA

He added that “Judging people as terrorists needs to be proven. There’s been 25 years of us hearing this word in the world, but there’s a lot of confusion in understanding the word ‘terrorist.’ Terrorists, in my opinion, are those who kill innocent people — children and women — and who use illegitimate means to harm people.” He noted that he fought “honorably.”

Dan Diker, president of the Jerusalem Center for Security and Foreign Affairs, told Fox News Digital, “The ongoing security situation in Syria is of the utmost complexity. Israel and Syria, under U.S. mediation, are in highly intensive talks to reach a formal security arrangement between the two countries, while the Iranian regime and its proxies are engaging in armed subversion to prevent any possible agreement between the sides. The United States, CIA and military forces are reportedly deeply involved in securing and stabilizing the situation in Syria, which accounts for President Trump’s recent statements to Israel in helping maintain the framework in Syria.”

He added, “It must be emphasized that Iran’s Hezbollah proxy and associated cells and groups are doing everything to torpedo a security arrangement between the al-Sharaa government and the Israeli government. The Iranian regime and associated terror groups tried to assassinate al-Sharaa several times. They are mobilizing terror cells in southern Syria and sending them toward the Israeli border, which is what has triggered ongoing Israeli counterterrorism strikes, just like we saw in Bet Jinn.”

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An Israeli army Merkava main battle tank crosses the barbed-wire fence into the U.N.-patrolled buffer zone separating Israeli and Syrian forces in the Golan Heights near the U.N. Quneitra checkpoint on March 2, 2025. ( Jalaa Marey/AFP via Getty Images)

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Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu recently visited reserve soldiers who were wounded in clashes with Syrian terrorists in Bet Jinn, where he said, “After Oct. 7, we are determined to defend our communities on our borders, including the northern border, and to prevent the entrenchment of terrorists and hostile actions against us, to protect our Druze allies, and to ensure that the State of Israel is safe from ground attack and other attacks from the border areas.”

He added, “What we expect Syria to do, of course, is to establish a demilitarized buffer zone from Damascus to the buffer zone area, including the approaches to Mount Hermon and the summit of Mount Hermon. We hold these territories to ensure the security of the citizens of Israel, and that is what obligates us. In a good spirit and understanding of these principles, it is also possible to reach an agreement with the Syrians, but we will stand by our principles in any case.”

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Israel bombards areas across southern Lebanon in latest truce violation

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Israel bombards areas across southern Lebanon in latest truce violation

Strikes hit hills and valleys as Israeli military keeps up pressure, it says, to force Hezbollah to disarm.

Israeli warplanes have carried out at least a dozen attacks across southern Lebanon, targeting what the military claims are Hezbollah training facilities in the latest flagrant near-daily violations that have further undermined a year-old ceasefire.

The raids hit hills and valleys in the Jezzine and Zahrani areas, including locations near al-Aaichiyeh, between al-Zrariyeh and Ansar, and around Jabal al-Rafie and the outskirts of several towns, according to Lebanon’s state news agency.

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Israel’s military said it struck a compound used by Hezbollah’s elite Radwan Force for weapons training, claiming the facilities were being used to plan attacks against Israeli forces and civilians.

Al Jazeera’s Zeina Khodr, reporting from Beirut described the ceasefire in Lebanon as “a one-sided truce, since Israel has continued near-daily attacks on the country.”

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Khodr said the latest attacks avoided densely populated areas. “The locations were in hills and valleys, not population centres,” she said, noting this marked a repeated pattern.

“In fact, just a few days ago, in the middle of the night, they did the same thing.”

The Israeli military said it also hit what it said were rocket-launching sites and other infrastructure, describing the operations as necessary to counter what it deemed violations of understandings between Israel and Lebanon.

However, the continued bombardment has drawn sharp criticism from the United Nations, which reported in November that at least 127 civilians, including children, have been killed in Lebanon since the ceasefire took effect in late 2024. UN officials have warned the attacks amount to “war crimes”.

Khodr explained that the attacks form part of a sustained military pressure campaign.

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“This is all part of military pressure on Hezbollah to force it to disarm,” she said. Israel wants the group “to give up its strategic weapons, its long-range weapons, its precision-guided missiles, its drones” which the Israeli military believes are stored in the Bekaa Valley and further inland.

But Hezbollah has sharply refused to relinquish its arsenal as long as Israel bombards and occupies parts of Lebanon. The group “doesn’t want to give up its weapons because it would view that as surrender”, Khodr added, noting that “Hezbollah and Lebanon do not have the upper hand. Israel enjoys air superiority.”

Tensions escalated further two weeks ago when Israel bombed Beirut’s southern suburbs, killing Hezbollah’s top military commander, Haytham Ali Tabatabai. The group has yet to respond, but said it will do so at the right time.

The attacks come as Lebanon and Israel recently dispatched civilian envoys to a committee monitoring their ceasefire for the first time in decades, a move aimed at expanding diplomatic engagement.

However, Hezbollah leader Naim Qassem criticised Lebanon’s decision to send former Ambassador Simon Karam to the talks, calling it a “free concession” to Israel.

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Lebanese officials have expressed frustration over Israel’s near-daily attacks.

“It is one of the reasons why Lebanon agreed to sit down for face-to-face talks with the Israelis,” Khodr said, “engaging in diplomatic talks that are seen as very sensitive in Lebanon, in the hopes that it would avoid war.”

President Joseph Aoun said last week that Lebanon “has adopted the option of negotiations with Israel” aimed at stopping the continued attacks, while Prime Minister Nawaf Salam called for a more robust verification mechanism to monitor both Israeli violations and Lebanese army efforts to dismantle Hezbollah infrastructure.

“But the US ambassador to Lebanon, Michel Issa, made it clear a few days ago that even though Lebanon is sitting down in a room with a longtime enemy, it does not mean that the Israeli attacks will stop,” Khodr said.

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