World
Pakistan elections 2024: By the numbers
EXPLAINER
As 128 million voters prepare for the February 8 elections, Al Jazeera decodes the key numbers shaping Pakistan.
On February 8, as Pakistan votes in national elections, the country’s democracy will face its latest test.
It is an election that will decide the next government of the world’s fifth-most populous nation. Befittingly, it is also an election of large numbers – very large numbers.
From voters and parties to the economy and more, here’s a guide to Pakistan’s election and to the nation itself, in those numbers.
What’s the election about?
In all, 128 million people registered to vote in the elections to pick 266 representatives on February 8, forming the 16th parliament in a first-past-the-post system.
Pakistan is a country with 241 million people, of whom two-thirds are under the age of 30. A citizen becomes eligible to vote at the age of 18.
It is also a vast country, spanning mountainous terrain in its north, multiple deserts and a 990km (615 miles) coastline. On February 8, 90,582 polling stations will service voters who want to cast their ballots.
In the contest are 5,121 candidates. They belong either to Pakistan’s 167 registered political parties or are independents. The Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) party of former Prime Minister Imran Khan has been barred from using its election symbol, the cricket bat, so its candidates will also be contesting as independents this time.
Only a little more than half of Pakistan’s electorate voted in the 2018 elections.
With a crackdown against Khan’s party ongoing, it is unclear whether the February 8 elections will see a lower turnout, or a surge in the form of a silent protest vote in favour of PTI-aligned candidates.
How is the country doing?
The elections are taking place amid an ongoing economic crisis, with inflation running at almost 30 percent and a weakening currency, which has shed more than 50 percent of its value against the United States dollar in the last two years.
Meanwhile, the county entered into a nine-month $3bn bailout deal with the International Monetary Fund in July last year, which is set to expire around the same time as a new government will take oath.
In addition to these economic woes, attacks from armed factions have increased in past months adding to the instability of the country.
The struggling economy has allocated 243.6 million rupees ($850,000) for the cost of the elections, which many critics believe has effectively been engineered to keep Khan out of power and instead usher in a leader the military is comfortable with.
Pakistan’s powerful military establishment has ruled the country directly for more than three decades of its independent history.
It is the most powerful institute in the country: 12.5 percent of the government budget goes towards military spending, according to government documents.
The run-up to the poll has seen Khan sentenced to jail in at least three different cases, and former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif – who was previously jailed and then in exile – return and emerge as a leading contender again.
While the economy is teetering, Pakistan is also on edge on the security front, amid heightened tensions with three out of its four neighbours.
Internally, there has been a dramatic surge in violence, while marginalised communities, geographically as well as religiously, have accused the state of mounting persecution.
With a deeply polarised society and uncertainty about the future, many see this election as a referendum on the military’s involvement in politics.
Who are Pakistan’s voters and candidates?
Of the 128 million voters, the largest number – 44 percent – are below the age of 35, making the youth vote critical in these elections.
The second largest group of voters are between the ages of 36 and 45, constituting 22.3 percent of the electorate.
Women form 46 percent (59.3 million) and men 54 percent (69.2 million) of the registered voters.
More than 5,000 candidates are contesting for 266 seats, and among them are 4,806 men, 312 women and two transgender people.
World
What to know about Linda McMahon, Trump’s pick for Education secretary
WASHINGTON (AP) — Linda McMahon has been a constant presence in Donald Trump’s tumultuous orbit, serving in his first administration and supporting his presidential campaigns. Now he’s chosen her to serve as Education secretary.
Here’s a look at McMahon’s background, from business to politics.
McMahon went from wrestling to politics
McMahon is married to Vince McMahon, whose father was a prominent professional wrestling promoter. They followed him into the business, founding their own company that’s now known as World Wrestling Entertainment, or WWE. It became a juggernaut in the industry and American culture.
When Trump was the star of the reality show “The Apprentice,” he made an appearance at Wrestlemania in 2007. The billionaire entertainment mogul participated in an elaborately scripted feud that ended with Trump shaving off Vince McMahon’s hair in the middle of the ring.
Linda McMahon stepped down from her position as WWE’s chief executive to enter politics. She ran twice for a U.S. Senate seat in Connecticut, but lost in 2010 to Richard Blumenthal and in 2012 to Chris Murphy.
Shifting gears, she focused on providing financial support to candidates. McMahon provided $6 million to help Trump’s candidacy after he secured the Republican presidential nomination in 2016.
What to know about Trump’s second term:
Follow all of our coverage as Donald Trump assembles his second administration.
Teaching was an initial career goal
McMahon served on the Connecticut Board of Education for a year starting in 2009. She told lawmakers at the time that she had a lifelong interest in education and once planned to become a teacher, a goal that fell aside after her marriage.
She also spent years on the board of trustees for Sacred Heart University in Connecticut.
McMahon is seen as a relative unknown in education circles, though she has expressed support for charter schools and school choice.
McMahon was part of Trump’s first presidency
A month after defeating Hillary Clinton, Trump chose McMahon as leader of the Small Business Administration. The agency gives loans and disaster relief to companies and entrepreneurs, and it monitors government officials’ compliance with contract laws.
When McMahon was chosen, she was praised by Blumenthal and Murphy, the two Connecticut Democrats who defeated her in Senate campaigns. Blumenthal called her “a person of serious accomplishment and ability,” while Murphy said she was a “talented and experienced businessperson.”
Unlike other members of Trump’s first administration, McMahon was not shadowed by scandal or controversy. She frequently promoted his trade and tax policies.
“She has been a superstar,” Trump said when she left the administration in 2019. “The fact is, I’ve known her for a long time. I knew she was good, but I didn’t know she was that good.”
She kept supporting Trump after leaving the administration
McMahon didn’t leave Trump’s orbit. She chaired America First Action, a super PAC that backed Trump’s reelection campaign in 2020. He lost to Democrat Joe Biden, and McMahon helped start the America First Policy Institute to continue advocating for Trump’s agenda and prepare for a potential return to the White House.
When Trump ran for president this year, McMahon was the co-chair of his transition team along with Howard Lutnick, the chief executive of financial services company Cantor Fitzgerald. As part of that role, McMahon has been helping to plan Trump’s new administration.
Once he takes office, perhaps McMahon’s biggest task will be to eliminate the agency she was hired to oversee. Trump has promised to close the Education Department and return much of its powers to states. Trump has not explained how he would close the agency, which was created by Congress in 1979 and would likely require action from Congress to dismantle.
World
Brazil's first lady aims explicit joke at key target of husband's administration: 'F–k you, Elon Musk'
The first lady of Brazil turned heads when she dropped an f-bomb directed at Tesla CEO Elon Musk during an official event over the weekend.
At the time, Brazil’s first lady, Janja Lula da Silva, was speaking about misinformation on social media during a pre-G20 social event on Saturday. The G20 summit began on Monday in Rio de Janeiro.
Lula, who is married to Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, stopped mid-speech when she heard a ship’s horn blaring in the distance.
“I think it’s Elon Musk,” the first lady joked in Portuguese. “I’m not afraid of you, by the way.”
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“F–k you, Elon Musk,” Lula added in English, prompting cheers from the audience.
The clip, which was posted on X, drew the attention of Musk, who responded with laughing emojis.
“They will lose the next election,” the entrepreneur wrote.
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Brazil banned X in September, prompting outrage across the world. Brazilian Supreme Court’s Justice Alexandre de Moraes imposed the ban, citing misinformation on X, which the judge felt was not adequately moderated on the platform.
The country lifted the ban a month later, and de Moraes wrote that the decision “was conditioned, solely, on [X’s] full compliance with Brazilian laws and absolute observance of the Judiciary’s decisions, out of respect for national sovereignty.”
“X is proud to return to Brazil,” X said in a statement at the time. “Giving tens of millions of Brazilians access to our indispensable platform was paramount throughout this entire process. We will continue to defend freedom of speech, within the boundaries of the law, everywhere we operate.”
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The Brazilian first lady’s joke took place two days before the G20 summit officially began. President Biden was present at the summit, though he did not appear during the annual family photo with fellow world leaders and missed the photo-op “for logistical reasons,” the White House said.
Reuters and the Associated Press contributed to this report.
World
G20 Summit: Brazil's president calls for more action on climate change
President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s comments came the day after representatives of the G20 nations endorsed a joint statement that called for a pact to combat hunger, more aid for Gaza, an end to the war in Ukraine and other goals.
Brazil’s president opened the second day of the G20 Summit by calling for more action to slow global warming, saying developed nations must speed up their initiatives to reduce harmful emissions.
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva focused Tuesday’s session on environmental challenges, saying developed nations should consider moving their 2050 emission goals forward to 2040 or 2045.
“The G20 is responsible for 80% of greenhouse effect emissions,” Lula said. “Even if we are not walking the same speed, we can all take one more step.”
During the summit, which was held at Rio de Janeiro’s Modern Art Museum, G20 leaders gathered to discuss changes in the world order from heightened global tensions to changes on the international political stage.
The agenda focused on working to reinforce multilateral cooperation before US President-elect Donald Trump assumes office in January.
EU leaders also took the opportunity to hold bilateral meetings on the sidelines of the summit.
In a meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping, French President Emmanuel Macron reaffirmed France’s commitment to strengthening relations with China and insisted that the two countries shared the same views on promoting peace in Ukraine.
“The world in which we live, as you just reminded us, is made up of instabilities, tensions and growing wars. And I believe that we truly share a common vision in upholding the United Nations Charter and promoting a peace agenda,” Macron told Jinping.
“We meet again on the 1000 day of the War of Aggression launched by Russia against Ukraine, and I know that you share, as we do, the desire for a lasting peace, respectful of the United Nations Charter, and that you share, as we do, the same concern after Russia’s bellicose and escalating declarations of nuclear doctrine,” he added.
A joint statement signed by representatives of the G20 nations on Monday night called for urgent humanitarian assistance and better protection of civilians caught up in conflicts in the Middle East, plus affirmed the Palestinian right to self-determination.
It also included Brazil’s proposal to tax billionaires’ income by 2%, focused on ways to eradicate world hunger and pledged to work for ‘transformative reform’ of the UN Security Council.
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