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How war is hitting Ukraine’s farmers and menacing world food supplies

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How war is hitting Ukraine’s farmers and menacing world food supplies

Ukraine, dubbed Europe’s breadbasket, is among the largest exporters of corn, wheat and oats to the European Union.

However the conflict is having a huge effect on the nation’s farmers.

Past the destruction of agricultural land, Russia’s blocking of Ukraine’s Black Sea ports means grains can solely be shipped overseas by rail or highway. 

Previous to Russia’s invasion, Ukraine exported as much as 6 million tonnes of grains a month. However, in accordance with analysts APK-Inform, 300,000 tonnes have been shipped out in March and 923,000 in April. 

A UN meals official stated on Friday that almost 25 million tonnes of grains are caught in Ukraine and unable to depart the nation.

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If an answer is not discovered quickly, the results will likely be apocalyptic, warns Andrii Baran, who’s CEO of the Ukrainian agricultural firm Agroprodservice, which has greater than 40,000 hectares of land.

“I feel that this have to be solved, and the European international locations even have an curiosity on this,” says Baran, who warns of upper meals costs and starvation.

“In any other case, if we don’t present all that meals, they (the EU) may have a couple of extra million refugees from Northern Africa.”

He exhibits Euronews round among the firm’s fields within the western Ukrainian metropolis of Ternopil and says Agroprodservice is affected by the scarcity of gas and limits on imports of equipment plus the results of conflict usually.

Elements of the corporate’s fields have been destroyed by the conflict within the northern, jap, and southern elements of Ukraine or are occupied by Russia, which makes it not possible to provide.

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Nonetheless, the largest downside is that it’s not possible to export by way of Ukraine’s ports within the Black Sea because of the Russian blockade. It has left solely the land routes by way of Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Hungary as choices for export and they’re, nonetheless, not capable of take such nice volumes, explains Baran, creating an actual downside.

“So now, there may be a variety of work to be completed with the European international locations to handle one way or the other to create protected routes to the ports or possibly additionally, learn how to do it with our neighbours like Poland,” stated Baran. “Poland would not have all these services as a result of they haven’t labored with such volumes and we’ve got issues with highway and rail.”

‘Starvation may hit the world’s poorest’

Ukraine is among the largest agricultural international locations on the planet, and the issues in Ukraine may very quickly turn into a worldwide downside. In keeping with the US Division of Agriculture, Russia and Ukraine stand for round 19% of the world’s corn exports and 29% of the export of wheat. 

Ukraine can also be the world’s largest exporter of sunflower oil and the menace to provides has pushed up costs, hitting shoppers and restaurateurs. 

“Ukraine has many thousands and thousands of tonnes of grain that can’t be exported now. If they aren’t exported, it will likely be misplaced in someway,” Anders Aslund, a Swedish economist and former senior fellow on the Atlantic Council, instructed Euronews.

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He stated export issues and the potential lower in output may have extreme penalties for the world.

“It implies that there will likely be starvation on the planet. In my view, deliberately, Russia tries to trigger starvation in third world international locations,” stated Aslund, stating it will likely be the world’s poorest international locations that will likely be hardest hit by a rise in meals costs. 

He stated it was not possible to make up for the Russian blockade of the Black Sea by growing exports by way of the land border with the EU, as grain takes up a variety of area.

The blockages are seen as an element behind elevated meals costs which hit a file excessive in March within the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, earlier than easing barely in April, stated the Meals and Agriculture Group of the United Nations (FAO).

Ukraine has among the greatest agricultural lands on the planet and has been modernising the sector for the reason that collapse of the Soviet Union. 

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In 2021, the Ukrainian Ministry of Agricultural Coverage and Meals stated that Ukraine produced 106 million tonnes of grain, pulses, and oilseeds, which was a file. 

How conflict has destroyed agricultural land

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has hindered that. FAO estimates that “between 20% and 30% of areas sown to winter crops in Ukraine will stay unharvested in the course of the 2022/23 season” and that there are “appreciable uncertainties surrounding Ukrainian farmers’ capability to plant crops in the course of the fast-approaching spring crop cycle”.

Andrey Novoselov is an analyst on the analytical consulting firm Barva Make investments with a concentrate on Ukraine. 

He says that Ukrainian farmers are experiencing an absence of gas, fertilizer, and tools. Many farmers from the areas round northern Ukraine — from the place Russian troops have lately withdrawn — have misplaced a variety of their tools and their fields are stuffed with mines.

“There’s a danger to the spring crops,” stated Novoselov. “Within the space round Chernihiv and Kyiv, some farmers instructed us that they can’t do any fieldwork resulting from mines.”

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Novoselov known as for the EU to assist enhance exports by way of Ukraine’s land border, particularly through Poland and Romania, from the place it may possibly attain different ports. Nonetheless, it can not compensate for the closure of Ukraine’s Black Sea ports, he added. 

“However even when the conflict ends, it’d take months to clear all of the mines within the Black Sea,” stated Novoselov. “Day-to-day, the longer the conflict continues, the extra the costs of wheat and so forth will enhance.”

Ukrainian farmer: ‘It’s not a catastrophe proper now’

Roman Gorobets is a farmer within the Poltava area in northeast Ukraine. He instructed Euronews he has discovered fragments from Russian missiles — shot down by Ukrainian defences — in his fields. 

He’s higher positioned than others, nonetheless. He was capable of promote nearly all of his grain earlier than the invasion.

“We have now liquidity, cash within the financial institution, in order that we will operate usually for the subsequent month or two. However then we have to work out one thing,” he instructed Euronews.

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“We are going to plant as common and won’t change our crop rotation. So we’re going to plant as a result of we want our firm up and operating. Preserve salaries to workers. Perform as usually with a variety of hope that the conflict will finish quickly, with our victory. 

“However what will occur subsequent, no one is aware of.”

Gorobets echoed others who say the largest downside is exporting. 

“We’re fairly far-off from the western borders to the EU. It’s not a catastrophe proper now, and we’re looking for new logistic routes,” stated Gorobets. “But when nothing adjustments earlier than the harvesting season, it’s going to turn into a really massive concern.”

“I hope that the world will assist Ukraine to determine methods to unlock our ports.”

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‘Joker 2’ Ending: Was That a ‘Dark Knight’ Connection? Explaining What’s Next for Joaquin Phoenix’s Joker

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‘Joker 2’ Ending: Was That a ‘Dark Knight’ Connection? Explaining What’s Next for Joaquin Phoenix’s Joker

SPOILER ALERT: This article contains major spoilers for the ending of “Joker: Folie à Deux” now playing in theaters.

Joaquin Phoenix dons his clown makeup once again in “Joker: Folie à Deux,” the follow-up to his Oscar-winning performance from 2019. This time, he’s joined by fellow Oscar winner Lady Gaga, who plays another iconic DC Comics villain, Harley Quinn.

The comic book sequel takes place after the events of “Joker,” with Phoenix’s killer clown Arthur Fleck on trial for the murders he committed in the first movie. His lawyer, played by Catherine Keener, argues that Arthur and Joker are two different people. She claims that after years of childhood abuse, Arthur developed an alter-ego that’s separate from his own mind. The prosecution is led by assistant district attorney Harvey Dent, played by “Industry” star Harry Lawtey, who’s later known as the disfigured villain Two Face in the Batman comics.

The jury sides with Dent and convicts Arthur of murder. However, before the trial can continue, a bomb explodes outside of the courtroom, sending the city into chaos. Arthur briefly escapes with the help of two Joker devotees, but he’s soon captured by police and brought back to Arkham Asylum. Also, it appears that Harvey’s face was injured in the courtroom explosion, potentially setting him up to become Two Face in the future.

The movie ends on a bloody note, as Arthur is ambushed the next day by a laughing, clearly insane Arkham patient. The inmate, played by Connor Storrie, tells Arthur a joke and then repeatedly stabs him in the stomach. Arthur falls over, bleeding profusely, and appears to die. Behind him, the unnamed psycho laughs uncontrollably and carves a Glasgow smile into his face with a knife.

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Many DC fans have theorized that Arthur’s killer could be an homage to Heath Ledger’s Joker in “The Dark Knight,” since both of them sport the same gnarly scars around their mouths. Todd Phillips’ “Joker” and Christopher Nolan’s “Batman” trilogy take place in different time periods and universes, so it’s unlikely that Storrie’s character is related at all to Ledger’s.

In “The Dark Knight,” Ledger’s Joker backstory is largely unknown, and he offers differing accounts of how he got his facial scars. Early in the movie, he says his father drunkenly cut him as a child, but later he says the scars were self-inflicted after his wife was given a Glasgow smile over her gambling debt. “The Dark Knight” also took place in the modern 2000s era, while the “Joker” movies are in the ’80s, giving little evidence that the “Folie a Deux” character is anything more than a wink to Ledger’s Oscar-winning role.

It appears that Phoenix is hanging up his red suit and clown makeup with “Folie à Deux.” The “Joker” movies have existed in their own world, with no connections to Matt Reeves’ “The Batman” or James Gunn and Peter Safran’s rebooted DC Universe, so it’s unlikely Phoenix’s character will be resurrected or revisited. The next time we could see a live-action Joker may be when Barry Keoghan eventually reprises his role from the final scene of “The Batman,” perhaps in Reeves’ sequel in 2026.

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Expert warns UN's role in AI regulation could lead to safety overreach

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Expert warns UN's role in AI regulation could lead to safety overreach

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The United Nations (U.N.) advisory body on artificial intelligence (AI) last week issued seven recommendations to address AI-related risks, but an expert told Fox News Digital the points do not cover critical areas of concern. 

“They didn’t really say much about the unique role of AI in different parts of the world, and I think they needed to be a little more aware that different economic structures and different regulatory structures that already exist are going to cause different outcomes,” Phil Siegel, co-founder of the Center for Advanced Preparedness and Threat Response Simulation (CAPTRS), said. 

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“I think that they could have done a better job of — instead of just trying to go to the lowest common denominator — being a little more specific around what does a state like the United States, what is unique there?” Siegel said. “How does what we do in the United States impact others, and what should we be looking at specifically for us?

“Same thing with Europe. They have much more strict privacy needs or rules in Europe,” he noted. “What does that mean? I think it would have gained them a little bit of credibility to be a little more specific around the differences that our environments around the world cause for AI.” 

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United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres addresses the 79th United Nations General Assembly at U.N. headquarters in New York Sept. 24, 2024.  (Reuters/Mike Segar)

The U.N. Secretary-General’s High-level Advisory Body on AI published its suggested guidelines Sept. 19, which aimed to cover “global AI governance gaps” among its 193 member states. 

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The body suggested establishing an International Scientific Panel on AI, creating a policy dialogue on AI governance, creating a global AI capacity development network, establishing a global AI fund, fostering of an AI data framework and forming an AI office in the U.N. Secretariat. 

These measures, Siegel said, seem to be an effort by the U.N. to establish “a little bit more than a seat at the table, maybe a better seat at the table in some other areas.” 

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“If you want to take it at face value, I think what they’re doing is saying some of these recommendations that different member states have come up with have been good, especially in the European Union, since they match a lot of those,” Siegel noted. 

“I think … it sets the bar in the right direction or the pointer in the right direction that people need to start paying attention to these things and letting it get off the rails, but I think some of it is just it’s not really doable.” 

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Iraqi Prime Minister addresses the United Nations General Assembly

Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani addresses the 78th United Nations General Assembly at U.N. headquarters in New York City Sept. 22, 2023. (Bryan R. Smith/AFP via Getty Images)

Multiple entities have pursued global-level coordination on AI policy as nations seek to maintain an advantage while preventing rivals from developing into pacing challenges. While trying to develop AI for every possible use, they also hold safety summits to try and “align” policy, such as the upcoming U.S.-led summit in California in November. 

Siegel acknowledged the U.N. is likely to be one of the better options to help coordinate such efforts as an already-existing global forum — even as countries try to set up their own safety institutes to coordinate safety guidelines between nations. But he remained concerned about U.N. overreach. 

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“They probably should be coordinated through the U.N., but not with rules and kind of hard and fast things that the member states have to do, but a way of implementing best practices,” Siegel suggested. 

“I think there’s a little bit of a trust issue with the United Nations given they have tried to, as I said, gain a little bit more than a seat at the table in some other areas and gotten slapped back. On the other hand, you know, it already exists.

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Tech Safety Summit

Michelle Donelan, Britain’s secretary of state for science, innovation and technology (second from left), listens as Lee Jong-ho (second from right), South Korea’s minister of science and ICT, speaks during the Ministers’ Session of the AI Seoul Summit at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology in Seoul May 22, 2024. (Anthony Wallace/AFP via Getty Images)

“It is something that the vast majority of countries around the world are members, so it would seem to me to be the logical coordinating agency, but not necessarily for convening or measurements and benchmarks.” 

Siegel said the U.S. and Europe have already made “some pretty good strides” on creating long-term safety regulations, and Asian nations have “done a good job on their own and need to be brought into these discussions.” 

“I just don’t know if the U.N. is the right place to convene to make that happen, or is it better for them to wait for these things to happen and say, ‘We’re going to help track and be there to help’ rather than trying to make them happen,” Siegel said.  

Reuters contributed to this report. 

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Indian soldiers kill dozens of suspected Maoist rebels in Abujhmad forest

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Indian soldiers kill dozens of suspected Maoist rebels in Abujhmad forest

Police say 31 Maoist rebels killed in the central Indian state of Chhattisgarh after a nine-hour firefight.

At least 31 suspected Maoist rebels have been killed during a clash with Indian security forces, state police said.

The confrontation took place on Friday after counterinsurgency forces, acting on intelligence, surrounded approximately 50 suspected rebels in the dense Abujhmad forest, located on the border between Narayanpur and Dantewada districts in Chhattisgarh, according to Inspector General Pattilingam Sundarraj on Saturday.

The operation, which began on Thursday, led to a nine-hour firefight the following day. Security personnel have since been conducting search operations in the area and have recovered several weapons, including automatic rifles. No injuries or casualties have been reported among the government forces.

There was no immediate statement from the rebels.

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Indian forces have been engaged in a long-running conflict with Maoist rebels, known as Naxalites, since 1967. The armed uprising began as a movement demanding jobs, land, and a greater share of the wealth from natural resources for the country’s impoverished Indigenous communities.

The rebels, inspired by Chinese revolutionary leader Mao Zedong, have been active across several central and northern states.

 

Over the years, India has invested millions of dollars in infrastructure development in remote regions as part of its efforts to combat the rebellion. The government claims to have confined the fighting to 45 districts in 2023, down from 96 in 2010.

The conflict has also seen a number of deadly attacks on government forces over the years. Twenty-two police and paramilitaries were killed in a gun battle with the far-left rebels in 2021.

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Sixteen commandos were also killed in the western state of Maharashtra in a bomb attack that was blamed on the Maoists in the lead-up to national elections in 2019.

Moreover, the rebels have ambushed police, destroyed government offices and abducted officials. They have also blown up train tracks, attacked prisons to free their comrades and stolen weapons from police and paramilitary warehouses to arm themselves.

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