World
‘Hidden genocide’: Death of Indigenous man in Brazil spurs outcry
The demise of a person believed to be the final member of an uncontacted Indigenous tribe in Brazil’s western Amazon has renewed requires the Brazilian authorities to guard Indigenous communities from escalating violence and encroachment on their lands.
Worldwide rights group Survival Worldwide reported on Sunday that the person identified solely because the “Man of the Gap” was discovered lifeless in Tanaru Indigenous Territory within the northwestern state of Rondonia. He died of obvious pure causes, based on the Brazilian authorities.
The person, whose title was derived from his behavior of constructing deep holes, was the final surviving member of a tribe that noticed its individuals “massacred in a collection of assaults from the Seventies onwards” and had been dwelling in whole isolation for years, Survival Worldwide mentioned.
Fiona Watson, the group’s analysis and advocacy director, mentioned individuals knew little or no concerning the man, together with what he known as himself, the title of his tribe, or what language he spoke.
“All we learn about him, from piecing the proof collectively, is he was the only survivor of a number of genocidal assaults,” she advised Al Jazeera in an interview, describing him as a logo of “a really hidden and secret genocide” in addition to of “extraordinary braveness and resilience”.
Information of the person’s demise prompted an outpouring of grief for a lot of, whereas additionally putting a renewed deal with insurance policies of far-right President Jair Bolsonaro’s authorities that Indigenous leaders and activists say are placing them prone to assaults and forcing them off their territories.
“The Indigenous territories are being invaded as a result of individuals really feel large impunity, the invaders. With Bolsonaro … individuals really feel very emboldened,” mentioned Watson.
“I believe it is a wake-up name as a result of … a vital a part of wealthy human variety is gone without end with the demise of the Man of the Gap,” she added. “The Brazilian authorities has to deal with this as an emergency and put funding and put skilled discipline employees, extra employees, on the bottom to find out precisely the place these individuals are and to set about demarcating and defending their land.”
‘Intensified brutality’
Brazil is residence to greater than 800,000 Indigenous individuals from over 300 distinct teams, based on knowledge from the final census in 2010 cited by the Articulation of Indigenous Peoples of Brazil (APIB) rights group.
For years, Indigenous leaders have raised alarm over the threats their communities face within the South American nation, significantly in areas with little authorities oversight that farmers, miners, poachers and others are searching for to manage and exploit.
Indigenous individuals have accused Bolsonaro and his allies of adopting insurance policies that search to displace them in favour of the teams illegally encroaching on their territories, whereas loosening environmental protections in essential areas such because the Amazon rainforest. The far-right chief has supported extra mining within the Amazon, saying it is going to stimulate the economic system.
The Indigenous Missionary Council, a gaggle affiliated with the Nationwide Convention of Bishops of Brazil, recorded 305 instances of “possessory invasions, unlawful exploitation of assets and harm to property” on Indigenous territories final yr, affecting 226 Indigenous lands in 22 Brazilian states. That’s up from 109 such incidents in 2018, the yr earlier than Bolsonaro took workplace – a 180 p.c improve.
“Along with the quantitative improve in instances and lands affected by unlawful actions of miners, loggers, hunters, fishermen and land grabbers, amongst others, the invaders intensified their presence and brutality of their actions in Indigenous territories,” the council mentioned in a report this month (PDF). “These violent and prison assaults, usually with heavy weapons, have been repeatedly reported by the Indigenous individuals and ignored by the federal authorities, which continued to stimulate mining actions in these territories.”
In August 2021, APIB filed a grievance asking the Worldwide Felony Court docket to analyze Bolsonaro for “genocide” and “crimes in opposition to humanity” amid the deteriorating scenario, accusing his authorities of publicly encouraging “the prison invasion of conventional [Indigenous] territories”.
The state’s insurance policies expose Indigenous peoples “to demise threats, homicide, invasions, destruction of their territories and contamination of assets”, the group mentioned in a report (PDF) final yr, whereas “Bolsonaro’s discourse is a significant driver of these assaults”.
Land safety
In a written assertion to Al Jazeera, Brazil’s overseas affairs ministry mentioned the federal government is dedicated “to guard the human rights of all Brazilians, together with Indigenous peoples”. The nation’s Indigenous affairs company, often known as FUNAI, invested $15.9m ($82.5m Brazilian actual) for the “supervision of Indigenous lands” between 2019 and 2021, the ministry mentioned in an e mail.
FUNAI additionally makes use of satellite tv for pc imagery to watch unlawful actions. “Such info allows FUNAI to evaluate illegal occurrences on Indigenous lands and to plan actions of territorial safety, offering for a fast response,” the assertion mentioned.
However Andrea Carvalho, a senior analysis assistant at Human Rights Watch (HRW) in Brazil, mentioned there was a transparent escalation of assaults on Indigenous individuals and their lands lately. “That is pushed by disastrous insurance policies associated to the safety of the surroundings and Indigenous rights in Brazil,” she advised Al Jazeera.
The Bolsonaro administration has weakened Brazilian environmental companies and FUNAI, mentioned Carvalho, explaining that one of many methods it has finished that is by eradicating skilled civil servants from management positions. Now, greater than 200 Indigenous territories in Brazil are awaiting demarcation, the authorized safety of lands, she added.
“Traditionally it does take a number of time to conclude a demarcation, however this administration even through the election marketing campaign in 2018 pledged to not designate Indigenous territories, and that pledge was delivered. Since Bolsonaro took workplace, Brazil hasn’t demarcated any new Indigenous territories,” Carvalho mentioned.
In the meantime, as Bolsonaro faces off in opposition to former left-wing President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva in October polls, Carvalho mentioned Indigenous points have been largely disregarded of the election marketing campaign up to now. “It’s now as much as the candidates to inform voters, to inform Brazilians, how they’re planning to truly shield Indigenous rights and tips on how to strengthen federal companies – and the way they plan to dismantle the prison networks which might be driving environmental devastation,” she mentioned.
Watson at Survival Worldwide urged worldwide strain on Brazil to raised shield Indigenous lands after the demise of the “Man of the Gap”, who she mentioned was solely in a position to “keep it up his lifestyle” because of the authorities’s safety of the Tanaru Indigenous Territory.
“I believe his story is the final word illustration of what can occur to Indigenous peoples if we don’t shield their lands,” she mentioned.
World
Christmas in Puerto Rico is a 45-day celebration with caroling, festive decorations, family feasts and more
Christmas, Navidad in Puerto Rico, extends far beyond Dec. 25.
The island proudly proclaims itself as having the “longest holiday season in the world,” according to the website Discover Puerto Rico.
On average, the holiday festivities in Puerto Rico last about 45 days, per the source, commencing right after Thanksgiving, and stretching all the way through mid-January.
The Christmas season in Puerto Rico typically lasts around 45 days. (iStock)
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The holiday season in Puerto Rico is full of rich traditions beloved by families.
One tradition those who visit Puerto Rico will immediately notice during the holiday season is decorations.
In Puerto Rico, decorations are typically put up by Thanksgiving, and kept up until the season concludes in mid-January, with opportune picture moments at every corner.
Parrandas, Christmas caroling, is a holiday staple.
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Carolers choose houses of family and friends to visit, typically starting around 10 p.m., performing aguinaldos (traditional Christmas songs), with not only their voices, but often with instruments as well, according to Discover Puerto Rico.
The group you begin caroling with is likely not the same group you end with.
In Puerto Rico, when carolers visit a house, they’ll often stop inside for conversation, food and drink before moving to the next residence.
Coquito is a popular beverage enjoyed during the holiday season in Puerto Rico. Coconut, vanilla and rum are among the ingredients. (Mayra Beltran/Houston Chronicle via Getty Images)
Usually, the residences of the house visited will join the group for the next house, according to Discover Puerto Rico.
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A night of serenading loved ones can last quite a while, often stretching into the early morning hours of the following day, according to the source.
The biggest day of the holiday season in Puerto Rico actually isn’t Christmas, but instead, the night before.
In Puerto Rico, Dec. 24 is Nochebuena. On that day, loved ones gather for the exchange of gifts, caroling and a large feast.
Many families will also attend a midnight Mass on the day, known as Misa de Gallo.
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After Christmas passes, the festivities go on in Puerto Rico.
Another big event in the holiday lineup is Three Kings Day on Jan. 6, a holiday that “commemorates the visit that the Three Wise Men paid to Jesus after his birth,” according to Discover Puerto Rico.
On the eve of the day, children fill up a shoebox with grass to be left for camels to munch on while the Three Kings leave behind gifts for them, according to PuertoRico.com.
For a particularly festive Three Kings Day, Juana Díaz is the place to go, as it hosts the largest celebration in Puerto Rico for the holiday. In Juana Díaz, there is an annual festival and parade in honor of Three Kings Day that brings together over 25,000 people every year, according to Discover Puerto Rico.
Gifts are primarily exchanged between loved ones on Christmas Eve in Puerto Rico. (iStock)
Then, eight days later is Octavitas, a post-holiday celebration where families get together and celebrate one last time for the season.
The end of the holiday season is marked with the San Sebastián Street Festival.
This festival, spanning over multiple days, takes place in Old San Juan, and is filled with live music, dancing, shopping and parades.
Twin-engine plane crashed in largely residential neighborhood of Gramado shortly after takeoff, authorities say.
A small plane has crashed into a tourist hotspot in southern Brazil, killing all 10 people on board and injuring more than a dozen people on the ground, officials have said.
The twin-engine Piper PA-42-1000 hit the chimney of a home and the second floor of a different house before crashing into a shop in a largely residential neighbourhood of Gramado shortly after takeoff from Canela, Brazil’s Civil Defense agency said on Sunday.
Rio Grande do Sul Governor Eduardo Leite told a news conference that the aircraft’s owner and pilot, Luiz Claudio Galeazzi, was killed along with nine members of his family.
Leite said that 17 people on the ground were injured, 12 of whom were still receiving treatment in hospital.
Galeazzi’s company, Galeazzi & Associados, confirmed that its CEO and Galeazzi’s wife and three daughters had died in the crash.
“Luiz Galeazzi will be forever remembered for his dedication to his family and for his remarkable career as a leader of Galeazzi & Associados,” the company said in a post on LinkedIn.
“In this moment of immense pain, Galeazzi & Associados is deeply grateful for the expressions of solidarity and affection received from friends, colleagues and the community. We also sympathize with all those affected by the accident in the region.”
Gramado, located in the Serra Gaucha mountains, is a popular destination for vacationers, especially during the Christmas season.
The crash comes a little more than a year after Brazil suffered its worst air disaster in nearly two decades when a twin-engine plane crashed in the southeastern city of Vinhedo, killing all 62 people on board.
As South Koreans took to the streets this month demanding the ousting of their president, some found an unexpected outlet to express their fury: jokes and satire.
They hoisted banners and flags with whimsical messages about cats, sea otters and food. They waved signs joking that President Yoon Suk Yeol’s declaration of martial law had forced them to leave the comfort of their beds. Pictures of the flags spread widely on social media.
The idea was to use humor to build solidarity against Mr. Yoon, who has vowed to fight his impeachment over his ill-fated martial law decree on Dec. 3. Some waved flags for nonexistent groups like the so-called Dumpling Association, a parody of real groups like labor unions, churches or student clubs.
Video by Yu Young Jin/The New York Times
Photos by Weiyi Cai/The New York Times
“I just wanted to show that we were here as part of the people even if we aren’t actually a part of a civic group,” said Kim Sae-rim, 28, who waved the flag of the dumpling group at a recent protest she went to with friends. Some groups referred to other local favorites like pizza and red bean pastries.
Kwon Oh-hyouck, a veteran protester, said that he had first seen such flags emerge during demonstrations in 2016 and 2017 that ultimately resulted in the removal of President Park Geun-hye. Mr. Kwon said that satire was part of the Korean spirit of protest.
“People satirize serious situations, even when those in power come out with guns and knives,” he said. “They are not intimidated.”
In the past month, protesters have come up with a wide range of unorthodox groupings. Some were self-proclaimed homebodies. Still others came together as people who suffered from motion sickness.
Video by Chang W. Lee/The New York Times
Photos by Weiyi Cai/The New York Times
Video by Weiyi Cai/The New York Times
Photo by Chang W. Lee/The New York Times
Lee Kihoon, a professor of modern Korean history at Yonsei University in Seoul, said that he believed the flags at this month’s protests were an expression of the diversity of people galvanized by the president’s attempt to impose military rule.
“They’re trying to say: ‘Even for those of us who have nothing to do with political groups, this situation is unacceptable,’” he said. “‘I’m not a member of a party or anything, but this is outrageous.’”
Some held signs ridiculing Mr. Yoon, saying that he had separated them from their pets at home and disrupted their routine of watching Korean dramas. One group called itself a union of people running behind schedule, referring to the idea that the need to protest over martial law had forced them to reschedule their appointments.
Photo by Weiyi Cai/The New York Times
Photo by Chang W. Lee/The New York Times
And of course, there were animals, both real and fake.
Photos by Weiyi Cai/The New York Times
South Koreans have shown that protests for serious causes — like the ousting of a president — can still have an inviting, optimistic and carnival-like atmosphere.
“I don’t know if the protesters realize it, but even though they’re angry, they haven’t gotten solemn, heavy or moralistic,” Mr. Lee said. “The flags have had an effect of softening and relaxing the tension.”
On the day that lawmakers voted to impeach Mr. Yoon, protesters who were K-pop fans brought lightsticks to rallies and danced to pop songs blasting from speakers. “Even though this is a serious day,” said Lee Jung-min, a 31-year-old fan of the band Big Bang, “we might as well enjoy it and keep spirits up.”
Video by Chang W. Lee/The New York Times
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