Alaska
Alaska Congresswoman introduces bills to protect fish, ocean ecology from trawlers
U.S. Rep. Mary Sattler Peltola, a Democrat from Alaska, introduced two bills on Wednesday that align with her long-time political, professional and personal incentives to protect marine ecosystems from industrial trawling fleets.
The Bottom Trawl Clarity Act addresses a decades-long controversy in Alaska that would require regional fishery management councils to change the regulatory definition of the “midwater” trawler’s fishing nets that have “substantial bottom contact” with the ocean floor to a more accurate definition. The current regulations allow the trawlers to fish in ecologically sensitive areas closed to bottom trawling.
“We’re very serious about it, and it’s a real bipartisan bill; it addresses a real problem with a real solution,” said the first Alaska Native to serve in Congress in an extensive interview with USA Today on May. 22.
The second bill introduces the Bycatch Mitigation Assistance Fund which would finance purchases of “camera systems, lights, and salmon excluders” for fishermen, and it is designed to help finance technology research to reduce the number of prohibited fish that are accidentally caught.
The Bycatch Reduction and Mitigation Act would fund the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Bycatch Reduction Engineering Program up to $7.5 million more than it received in 2023. The nationwide program has been funded at a five-year average of $2.28 million between 2018 and 2022.
Referencing her pro-fish election platform and a bipartisan coalition in both her 2022 and current campaigns, Peltola said, “The fact that so many Alaskans from both parties and all regions of the state rallied behind a pro-fish candidate was something that the industry took notice of, and we’ve already seen a 50% reduction in chum bycatch.
“I think that is noteworthy and that we should recognize and appreciate the industry leaders who have taken it upon themselves to reduce bycatch, added Peltola.
Peltola explains that the ones who “have the kind of resources to get the gear, equipment, and technologies that reduce the level” should be recognized as “leading by example.”
“With the other 50%, it shows that this is within reach and that this is a real [and] attainable goal, and one that we should be working towards. We should always be striving to do better when it comes to preventing waste,” added Peltola,
An industry leader issues a warning
“The bill as written could introduce a second crisis in Western Alaska communities that depend on CDQs [Community Development Quotas that direct need-based funding from fishing revenue to Western Alaska coastal communities] while favoring Seattle-based crabbing companies and pushing pollock vessels into areas of higher salmon bycatch,” said Eric Deakin, CEO, Coastal Villages Region Fund.
Presently, the trawlers are allowed to bycatch king and chum salmon and operate in areas sensitive to crab habitat. Subsistence communities and crab fishermen alike have encountered substantial fishing restrictions in recent years.
Q: Do you view the bills as a bipartisan effort?
“One hundred percent, we just got word that The Bycatch Reduction and Mitigation Act is going to have Garret Graves, a Republican from Louisiana, as a co-sponsor, as well as Jared Huffman from California as a co-sponsor.”
Q: Do you have an idea of how many specific supporters you already have on board?
“Well, I’ve got two supporters, and they’re very influential on the resources committee on both sides of the aisle. So, I think that is a very good sign, and I do really think that there is a lot of support for looking at the fisheries and how we can improve management and abundance.”
Q: How would you explain the situation in D.C. to those who would have the trawler fleets stand down or be more restricted from bycatch, and from areas known to be sensitive to crab habitat?
So this is one where I think the participation of the stakeholders is really important, and I will say that think that when of the tribes came forward and said that there holding the line and zero bycatch for Chinook salmon, that really was the tribes who came up with that, and it’s more on principle. Native people have a real, and I don’t even really know how to explain it, we have such an aversion to wasting and not [for] sharing. The worst thing you can do is waste food. We really feel strongly that the food that we eat, the animals and fish and birds that we eat, those animals, fish and birds knowingly gave themselves to the hunter or fisherman because they witnessed that they are responsible with their catches.
When we’re irresponsible with our catches, bad things happen; this is one of the foundational tenets of most native culture, because salmon is very present in our mind and salmon and has happened in our elders’ lifetimes. We are very conscientious about salmon. The smallest little change could result in disaster for many native people over history.
So one of the most important things for native people is the most important kind of guiding moral compass principle, [it] is this idea of not wasting anything, and the fact that we have metric tons of juvenile salmon, halibut crab have been discarded every year for 30 years. It’s very disturbing, and many people feel like this is because of that 30 years of metric tons being wasted, and that that’s why we’re in this predicament.
Crab fishermen have many concerns about these sensitive areas, and the other thing I want to say is we have so much more research that needs to be done. I’ve spoken with crab fishermen in Kodiak who really believe that a lot of the surveys are incomplete, or they are too small of a snapshot.
My personal belief is at the federal level, we have got to get much more serious about surveys and research. During the [U.S. Senator] Ted Stevens’s years, he invested a lot of money in research, and over the years, that has diminished and been siphoned off to other states. The administration has interpreted those funds [as] that they need to be … prioritized for treaty tribes or the funding to be prioritized to endangered stocks, which puts Alaska at a real disadvantage.
If half of the world’s seafood comes from Alaska, we should be investing so much more money in surveys and research. There’s so much that we do not know, we do not understand, and we need to understand better, especially with this paradigm change. So, I just really want the federal government to start investing in a real way.
When it comes to specific numbers, I think this is something that the stakeholders really need to have a robust discussion about.
Q: Has there been any correspondence with the Biden Administration about updating the National Standards of the Magnuson-Stevens Act?
We have heard that they have been looking at those three national standards that we’re pushing them to help define, and I like to call it the ABCs of the standards: So, its ‘allocation, bycatch and communities.’ We understand that they are working on those rules, and the proposal may come out in June, but we have not been given any heads-up on what they’re working on and what those may look like.
The MSA National Standard Four says that ‘allocations of fishing privileges should be distributed so no corporation acquires an excessive share of such privilege.’
Q: Has enforcement and recognition of this standard concerning the largely Seattle-based pollock fleets been improved and can it be further improved?
I don’t think we’re meeting that definition, and I think that is a time that we revisit the national standard and see that we’re meeting the mark. I think many Alaskans would feel that we’re not meeting the mark on a number four.
[Reporter’s note:] The MSA National Standard Eight says negative economic impacts on communities should be minimized ‘to the extent practicable.’
Q: Has enforcement and recognition of this standard concerning the largely Seattle-based pollock fleets been improved and can it be further improved?
I think we have a lot of room to grow on this one, and this is one where I think it’s important that we define ‘practicable.’ That is one thing that many Alaskans have expressed concern about, because it tends to be an arbitrary definition. Any user-group could say, ‘well that’s not practicable.’ So that makes it a really challenging rule to get your arms around. What is practicable and what isn’t practicable? And if there’s a 1% drop in earnings, and I think that’s where a lot of folks are saying, ‘Well that’s not practicable because then we’ll lose money.’
We are seeing significant impacts to communities, and one of the other concerns I have with number eight is just the definition of community itself. We find in the AP [House Appropriations] subcommittee where members of the AP were advancing this idea that industrial factory trawlers are a community. This concerns me a great deal because my definition of a community tends to be more of, say, a Yukon River village that’s been in that location for about 12,000 years, and it’s located there because of its dependence [on salmon] and because of its relationship with salmon and understanding that the salmon will return every year.
That, to me, is a community that has been there and has shown, a reliance and independence and a relationship with marine resources versus an industrial factory trawler that really came about in the 1990s or 1980s or, you know, much, much more recently in any way than 12,000 years.
Alaska
Bangladeshi man flown to Alaska to face federal charges in ‘extensive’ child sexual exploitation case
A Bangladeshi man who authorities say operated an international child sexual exploitation enterprise involving hundreds of children, including those in Alaska, arrived in Anchorage this week after spending several years out on bail in Malaysia.
Zobaidul Amin, 28, made his first federal court appearance in Anchorage on Thursday.
A federal grand jury in Alaska indicted Amin in July 2022 on 13 charges related to the production and distribution of child pornography, cyberstalking and child exploitation. Law enforcement in Malaysia was prosecuting him on similar accusations.
Amin is accused of orchestrating a vast online sexual extortion ring that resulted in the abuse of minors, primarily from the United States.
“Amin delighted in sexually abusing hundreds of minor victims over social media,” prosecutors said in a memorandum filed Thursday recommending that a judge keep Amin jailed while awaiting trial. “He bragged about causing victims to become suicidal and engage in self-harm. He shared hundreds of nude images and videos of minor victims all over the internet and encouraged other perpetrators to do the same.”
The FBI arrested Amin on Wednesday in Malaysia and took him to Alaska, Anchorage FBI spokesperson Chloe Martin said in an emailed statement.
Amin pleaded not guilty at Thursday’s hearing.
U.S. Magistrate Judge Kyle Reardon assigned Amin a public defender and ordered that he remained jailed while his case proceeds.
Amin, wearing a yellow Anchorage Correctional Complex jumpsuit, quietly spoke only two words during the hearing: “Yes,” when Reardon asked whether he understood his rights, and “yes” after Reardon asked if Amin agreed to waive his right to a speedy trial to allow his attorney to adequately prepare.
For more than three years, federal officials sought to have Amin “expelled” from Malaysia, where he was a medical student, to face charges in the U.S., prosecutors said in their memorandum.
Authorities have said they uncovered the sophisticated child sexual abuse material production scheme after a 14-year-old girl told Alaska State Troopers in 2021 that Amin coerced her via social media into sending him lewd images of herself and participating in sexually explicit conduct over video calls.
When the girl stopped communicating with Amin, prosecutors said, he carried out previous threats to distribute the images to her friends and social media followers.
“Dozens of search warrants, subpoenas, and legal process revealed that Amin did the same thing to hundreds of minor victims,” prosecutors said in the detention memo, adding that it was one of the “most extensive” operations of its kind investigated by law enforcement.
But authorities had been unable to extradite Amin from Malaysia, they said.
Malaysian authorities, with help from U.S. law enforcement, also charged Amin for offenses related to the production and distribution of child sexual abuse images in 2022.
He was released from custody in Malaysia after his family paid a bail equivalent to $24,000, according to the detention memo.
The requirements of Amin’s release included that he surrender his passport, not contact his victims or engage in child sexual abuse image conduct, and report to police monthly, according to the memo.
Prosecutors said they were not aware of any violations but added that it was unclear how strictly the requirements were enforced.
Had Amin fled to Bangladesh, he would have been able to evade prosecution because the U.S. doesn’t have an extradition treaty with the South Asian country, according to the memo.
Officials didn’t publicly disclose additional details about the circumstances that led to his arrest and transfer to Alaska or why he hadn’t been moved to the U.S. sooner.
The FBI and U.S. Department of Justice have been working “in conjunction with Malaysian authorities” to get Amin transferred to U.S. custody, the U.S. Attorney’s Office in Alaska said in a prepared statement Thursday.
A child exploitation and human trafficking task force based out of the FBI’s Anchorage offices investigated the case with the support of numerous agencies, including the Anchorage Police Department and Alaska State Troopers, the Royal Malaysia Police, and a long list of law enforcement entities in Wyoming, Oregon, West Virginia and Florida as well as cities including Atlanta, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, Newark, Salt Lake City and Seattle.
Alaska
Bill allowing physician assistants to practice independently passes Alaska Senate
JUNEAU — The Alaska Senate has passed a bill that would allow physician assistants with sufficient training to practice under an independent license, removing the state’s current requirement that they work under a formal collaborative agreement with physicians.
Supporters say the change would reduce administrative burdens that can delay and increase the cost of care. But physicians who opposed the bill argue it lowers the bar for training and could affect patient care.
Senate Bill 89, sponsored by Anchorage Democratic Sen. Löki Tobin, passed by a unanimous vote in the Senate on Wednesday, with 18 votes in favor and two members absent. The bill would allow physician assistants to apply for an independent license after completing 4,000 hours of postgraduate supervised clinical practice.
Under current law, physician assistants in Alaska must operate under a collaborative plan with physicians. These plans outline the medical services a physician assistant can provide and require oversight from doctors.
The Alaska State Medical Board regulates physician assistants and authorizes them to provide care only within the scope of their training. Most physician assistants in Alaska work in family practice, though some are specially trained in particular fields. All care must be provided under a physician’s license through a collaborative agreement that also requires a second, alternate physician to sign off.
For some clinics, particularly in more remote areas, finding those physicians can be difficult.
Mary Swain, CEO of Cama’i Community Health Center in Bristol Bay, testified in support of the bill before the Senate Labor and Commerce Committee in March 2025. Her practice employs two physicians to maintain collaborative plans for its physician assistants. She said neither of them lived in the community, and the primary physician lived out of state.
Roughly 15% of physicians who hold collaborative agreements with Alaska-based physician assistants do not live in the state, according to Tobin. At the same time, Alaskans face some of the highest health care costs in the nation.
Jared Wallace, a physician assistant in Kenai and owner of Odyssey Family Practice, testified in support of the bill at a committee meeting in April.
Wallace said maintaining collaborative agreements is one of the most difficult parts of running his clinic. He said he pays a collaborative physician about $2,000 per physician assistant per month, roughly $96,000 a year, simply to maintain the required agreement.
“In my experience, a collaborative plan does not improve nor ensure good patient care,” Wallace said. “Instead, it is a barrier in providing good health care in a rural community where access is limited, is a threat that delicately suspends my practice in place, and if severed, the 6,000 patients that I care for would lose access to (their) primary provider and become displaced.”
Opposition to the bill largely came from physicians, who testified that physician assistants do not receive the same depth of training as doctors.
Dr. Nicholas Cosentino, an internal medicine physician, testified in opposition to the bill last April. He said that medical school training provides crucial experience in diagnosing complex cases.
“It’s not infrequent that you get a patient that you’re not exactly sure you know what’s going on, and you have to fall back on your scientific background, the four years of medical school training, the countless hours of residency to come up with that differential, to think critically and come up with a plan for that patient,” Cosentino said. “I think the bill as stated, 4,000 hours, does not equate to that level of training.”
The Alaska Primary Care Association said it supports the intent of the bill but argued that physician assistants should complete 10,000 hours in a collaborative practice model with a physician before practicing independently.
Other states that have moved to allow independent licensure for physician assistants have adopted a range of thresholds. North Dakota requires 4,000 hours, while Montana requires 8,000 hours. Utah requires 10,000 hours of postgraduate supervised work, while Wyoming does not set a specific statewide minimum hour requirement.
Tobin said the hour requirement chosen in the bill came from conversations with experts during the bill’s drafting.
“When we were working with stakeholders on this piece of legislation, we came to a compromise of 4,000 hours, recognizing and understanding that there was concerns, but also … understanding that it is a bit of an arbitrary choice,” she said.
The bill now heads to House committees before a potential vote on the House floor.
Alaska
Dunleavy, EPA visit UAF to discuss regulations in the arctic environment
Fairbanks, Alaska (KTUU/KTVF) – On Wednesday, Gov. Mike Dunleavy, Alaska Attorney General Stephen Cox and Lee Zeldin, the administrator for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), spoke to press at the University of Alaska Fairbanks power plant.
During their time at the university, the federal and state leaders spoke about developing resources such as coal, oil, gas and critical minerals in the 49th state.
During his 24-hour trip to Fairbanks, Zeldin said he has spoke to business and state leaders about environmental regulations impacting operations in Alaska, saying the EPA needs to consider whether regulations are solving problems or are solutions in search of a problem.
He also discussed the concept of “cooperative federalism,” where the EPA takes its cues from state leaders to determine where regulations and help are needed.
“We’re here at the University of Alaska’s coal plant, and the most modern coal plant in the United States of America,” Dunleavy said.
Zeldin said visiting Fairbanks in winter helps inform decisions the agency is considering.
“There are a lot of decisions right now in front of this agency that the first-hand perspective of being here on the ground helps inform our agency to make the right decision,” he said.
Zeldin also said the agency is hearing concerns from Alaska truckers about diesel exhaust rules in extreme cold.
“We then met with truckers who have been dealing with unique cold weather concerns with the implementation of EPA regulations related to diesel exhaust fluid system,” he said.
When asked about PFAS in drinking water, Zeldin said the EPA is not rolling back the standards.
“So the PFAS standards are not being rolled back at all,” he said.
On Fairbanks air quality and PM2.5 regulations, Zeldin said the agency wants to work with the state.
“We want, at the EPA, to help the Fairbanks community be able to be in attainment on PM 2.5. We want to make it work,” he said.
Dunleavy said energy costs and heating needs remain a major factor in Interior air quality discussions.
“People have to be able to live. They’ve got to be able to afford to live,” he said.
Zeldin said EPA is considering further changes to diesel regulations and urged Alaskans to participate in the rulemaking process.
“We need Alaskans to participate in that public comment period,” he said.
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