We don’t review many solar panels at The Verge, but the tech inside Bluetti’s incredibly portable Sora 500 panel makes it worth a deeper look. The new N-Type panels made by Bluetti and others give you more bang for the buck, pound, and square inch. That’s a big deal for vanlifers like me who depend upon these beefy portable solar panels to extend off-grid stays.
Technology
Plastic bottles could power your devices one day
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Each year, billions of single-use plastic bottles end up in landfills or oceans. That waste problem keeps growing. Now, a new scientific breakthrough suggests those same bottles could help power your daily life.
Researchers have developed a way to transform discarded plastic water bottles into high-performance energy storage devices called supercapacitors. The work focuses on PET plastic, short for polyethylene terephthalate, which is used in most beverage bottles.
The research was published in Energy & Fuels and highlighted by the American Chemical Society. Scientists say the discovery could reduce plastic pollution while helping drive cleaner energy technology.
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SCIENTISTS EXTRACT SILVER FROM E-WASTE USING COOKING OIL
Discarded PET water bottles are one of the most common sources of plastic waste worldwide, with hundreds of billions produced each year. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)
Why PET plastic waste is such a growing problem
PET plastic is everywhere. According to the researchers, more than 500 billion single-use PET plastic bottles are produced every year. Most are used once and thrown away. Lead researcher Dr. Yun Hang Hu says that scale creates a major environmental challenge.
Instead of letting that plastic pile up, the team focused on upcycling it into something valuable. Their idea was simple but powerful. Turn waste into materials that support renewable energy systems and reduce production costs at the same time.
NEW TECH RECOVERS 92% OF EV BATTERY METALS
Those upcycled materials come together to form an all-waste-plastic supercapacitor designed for fast charging and long term energy storage. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)
How plastic bottles can store and release energy
Imagine a device that can charge fast and deliver power instantly. That is exactly what supercapacitors do. They store and release energy much faster than traditional batteries, which makes them useful for electric vehicles, solar power systems and everyday electronics.
Hu’s team found a way to build these energy storage components using discarded PET plastic water bottles. By reshaping the plastic at extremely high temperatures, the researchers turned waste into materials that can generate electricity efficiently and repeatedly.
Here is how the process works:
For the electrodes, researchers cut PET bottles into tiny, grain-sized pieces. They mixed the plastic with calcium hydroxide and heated it to nearly 1,300 degrees Fahrenheit in a vacuum. That heat transformed the plastic into a porous, electrically conductive carbon powder.
The powder was then formed into thin electrode layers. For the separator, small pieces of PET were flattened and carefully perforated with hot needles. This pattern allowed electric current to pass efficiently while maintaining safety and durability. Once assembled, the device used two carbon electrodes separated by the PET film and submerged in a potassium hydroxide electrolyte.
CIGARETTE BUTTS MAKE ROADS STRONGER THAN EVER BEFORE
Researchers use extreme heat to convert waste PET plastic into porous carbon materials that can store and move electricity efficiently. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)
Why the results surprised scientists
When tested, the all-waste-plastic supercapacitor outperformed similar devices made with traditional glass fiber separators. After repeated charging and discharging, it retained 79 percent of its energy capacity. A comparable glass fiber device retained 78 percent. That difference matters. The PET-based design costs less to produce, remains fully recyclable, and supports circular energy storage technologies where waste materials are reused instead of discarded.
What this means for you
This breakthrough could affect everyday life sooner than you might expect. Cheaper supercapacitors can lower the cost of electric vehicles, solar systems and portable electronics. Faster charging and longer device lifespans could follow. It also shows that sustainability does not require giving something up. Waste plastics could become part of the solution instead of the problem. Although this technology is still in development, the research team believes PET-based supercapacitors could reach commercial markets within 5 to 10 years. In the meantime, choosing reusable bottles and plastic-free alternatives still helps reduce waste today.
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Kurt’s key takeaways
Turning trash into energy storage is more than a clever idea. It shows how science can tackle two global challenges at once. Plastic pollution continues to grow. Energy demand does too. This research proves that those problems do not have to be solved separately. By rethinking waste as a resource, scientists are building a cleaner and more efficient future from materials we already throw away.
If your empty water bottle could one day help power your home or car, would you still see it as trash? Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com.
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Copyright 2025 CyberGuy.com. All rights reserved.
Technology
Suno leans into customization with v5.5
Suno just released one of its biggest updates yet with v5.5 of its AI music model. Where previous updates focused mostly on improving fidelity and creating more natural vocals, v5.5 is about giving users more control. It includes three new features: Voices, My Taste, and Custom Models.
In the release notes, Suno says that Voices is its most requested feature. It lets users train the vocal model on their own voice. They can upload clean accapellas, finished tracks with backing music, or just sing directly into the mic on their phone or laptop. The cleaner and higher quality the recording, the less data is required. And to prevent someone from simply stealing another person’s voice, Suno requires the user to also speak a verification phrase. Though, this might be possible to fool with existing AI models of celebrity voices.
Once the Voices feature is trained, users can then have an AI version of themselves sing on uploaded music or AI-generated outputs.
To further personalize outputs, Custom Models allows users to train Suno on their own music. Users will need to upload at least six tracks from their catalog and give the custom model a name. Then they’ll be able to use it to guide v5.5 responses to prompts.
Lastly, My Taste learns tastes and preferences over time. What genres, moods, and artists you routinely come back to for prompts, and applies them when using the magic wand to autogenerate styles.
While My Taste will be available to all users, Voices and Custom Models are reserved for Pro and Premier subscribers.
Technology
Baseball is changing forever with robot ump challenges
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For generations, baseball has followed a simple rule. The umpire calls balls and strikes, and that call stands. That changes now. This season, Major League Baseball is introducing something that once felt unthinkable. Players can challenge an umpire’s call and let technology decide the outcome.
It is called the Automated Ball-Strike Challenge System, or ABS. Most fans already know it by another name. The robot ump. And whether you love it or hate it, the game is stepping into a new era.
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YANKEES SHORTSTOP JOSÉ CABALLERO MAKES MLB HISTORY, BECOMES FIRST PLAYER TO USE AUTOMATED BALL-STRIKE SYSTEM
Replay of an automated ball-strike challenge appears on the videoboard during an AAA MiLB game between the Buffalo Bisons and Worcester Red Sox at Polar Park in Worcester, Mass., on May 5, 2023. (Erica Denhoff/Icon Sportswire via Getty Images)
What is the MLB robot ump challenge system?
At a basic level, ABS uses advanced cameras to track every pitch with precision. It creates a digital strike zone that removes guesswork. But MLB is not handing full control to machines just yet.
Instead, this is a hybrid system. Human umpires still make every call on the field. Players now have a limited way to challenge those calls when they believe something was missed. So the umpire still runs the game. Technology simply keeps them honest.
How the robot ump actually sees every pitch
The system uses a network of high-speed cameras placed around the stadium to track the baseball in three dimensions. It measures the pitch as it crosses home plate and compares it to a digital strike zone that is customized to each batter’s height.
All of that happens in milliseconds. The result is sent almost instantly to the scoreboard, which is why the challenge feels fast and seamless instead of disruptive.
Scott Jacka, Sr. Director of Technology Development Strategy at T-Mobile, told CyberGuy:
“T-Mobile’s private 5G network enables the real-time transmission of pitch data to the ABS operator during ABS challenges. As pitches are tracked by cameras around the field, that data is transmitted quickly and reliably to the ABS system operator in the press box, who can then deliver the results back to the field within seconds.”
Jacka added:
“ABS depends on fast, reliable data transmission in a live game environment. T-Mobile’s private 5G network is designed to provide secure, low-latency connectivity through a dedicated spectrum in every U.S. MLB stadium. This helps pitch data move quickly and consistently so decisions can be delivered without disrupting the rhythm of play.”
How the challenge system works during a game
The process is surprisingly simple and fast. Each team starts with two challenges per game. Only the pitcher, catcher or batter can call for one. No dugout help. No replay delays.
The player signals by tapping their head. Within seconds, the stadium screen shows the pitch location and whether it was truly a ball or a strike. If the challenge is correct, the team keeps it. If not, they lose one.
That quick moment has already become one of the most intense parts of the game. Teams may also receive additional challenges in extra innings, giving them a bit more flexibility in longer games.
What happens if the tech gets it wrong
One big concern with any new system is reliability. MLB designed ABS to deliver results almost instantly, without slowing down the game.
If anything ever goes wrong, the human umpire is still there as the final authority. That built-in fallback helps ensure the game keeps moving smoothly without long delays or confusion.
Who is powering the robot ump tech?
The system behind MLB’s robot ump is powered by Hawk-Eye Innovations, the same camera tracking technology used in tennis and soccer for line calls and goal decisions. That alone gives the system a proven track record for accuracy.
MLB UMPIRE CAUGHT ON HOT MIC BEGGING PITCH TO ‘PLEASE BE A STRIKE’ AFTER CATCHER ISSUES ABS CHALLENGE
T-Mobile supports the infrastructure behind the scenes, helping deliver results quickly to stadium displays and broadcast feeds.
Why MLB decided now was the time
Bad ball and strike calls have always been part of baseball. Sometimes they even become part of the story. But fans, players and teams have grown less patient with mistakes that technology can easily fix. MLB sees this system as a way to clean up the most frustrating part of the game without removing the human element entirely.
It is not about perfection. It is about fairness in the biggest moments.
Why fans might end up loving it
You might expect this to slow things down. It does the opposite. Every challenge creates a moment. The crowd pauses. The screen lights up. Everyone waits for the answer.
It adds tension without dragging out the game. Even better, it removes the endless arguing. Instead of debating calls for hours, fans get a clear answer almost instantly. It turns controversy into drama.
Players can challenge a call instantly, triggering a real-time ABS review on the stadium screen. (AP Photo/Jeff Roberson, File)
Why timing and emotions matter more than ever
One of the biggest lessons from early testing is that when you challenge matters more than what you challenge. Players who use challenges too early may regret it later in high-pressure moments.
There is also a human factor. Players admit emotions can get the best of them, leading to impulsive challenges that cost their team later in the game.
Some pitches are harder to judge than others
Not every pitch is easy to challenge. High-velocity pitches and those with heavy movement, like sinkers, can be extremely difficult to judge in real time.
Even experienced players can misread a pitch by inches, which makes deciding whether to challenge even more difficult.
How MLB players feel about robot umps
This is where things get interesting. Hitters with elite plate discipline could gain an edge. Players like Juan Soto are known for recognizing the strike zone better than almost anyone. That skill now has real strategic value.
Catchers face a different reality. Pitch framing has long been one of the most valuable defensive skills in baseball, where catchers subtly position their glove to make pitches look like strikes to the umpire. With ABS, framing is not disappearing. Instead, it is evolving into a more strategic tool while still influencing live calls from the human umpire.
Pitchers are the least likely to use the system. Many do not believe they have the best view of the strike zone in real time. Veterans like Max Scherzer have also raised a bigger question. How much technology should be allowed to shape the game? That debate is far from settled.
The hidden data boom behind robot umps
Beyond making calls, ABS is generating a massive amount of data. Teams can now analyze pitch accuracy, player tendencies and challenge success rates in real time.
This opens the door to deeper analytics, from evaluating hitters’ strike zone awareness to measuring how effective catchers are at identifying missed calls. Over time, this data could influence coaching decisions and even player value.
Could this lead to full robot umps?
That question is already on the table. MLB has tested fully automated strike zones in the minor leagues. Other sports like tennis have already moved in that direction.
But baseball is different. Many players and fans still want a human behind the plate. They believe the personality, judgment and even the imperfections are part of what makes the game special.
Right now, the challenge system feels like a middle ground. It fixes the worst mistakes while keeping the human touch.
BASEBALL HALL OF FAME PITCHER GOES IN DEPTH HOW ABS SYSTEM WILL IMPROVE OFFENSE, HOW ARMS HAVE TO ADJUST
What this means to you
If you watch baseball, you will notice the difference right away. Games could feel fairer. Big moments are less likely to hinge on a missed call. You will also see more strategy. Players must decide when to challenge and when to hold back. One wrong decision could matter later in the game.
Teams are already treating challenges like a limited resource, often saving them for the most important moments late in the game. If you are a casual fan, this may actually make baseball easier to follow. The strike zone becomes visible and understandable in real time. In short, the game becomes more transparent, more strategic and more engaging.
The ABS system tracks each pitch in real time and shows exactly where the ball crossed the strike zone. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)
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Kurt’s key takeaways
Baseball has never stood still. From instant replay to pitch clocks, the game keeps evolving while trying to protect what makes it unique. The robot ump challenge system fits that pattern. It does not replace umpires. It simply gives players a voice when something looks wrong. And in a sport built on inches, that voice could change everything.
If technology can get every call right, would you trust it more than the human behind the plate? Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com.
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Technology
Bluetti’s Sora 500 solar panel is incredibly powerful for its size
In real-world testing, I saw Bluetti’s 500W panel deliver 509W to my van’s power station, allowing me to generate over 800W when combined with the three sad 140W monocrystalline solar panels I have installed on top of my van. That kind of stationary output is fantastic. I typically consume about 1.6kWh a day, so this array lets me add a full day’s worth of charge in only two hours. I just wish that Bluetti had made the Sora 500 bifacial like Jackery and newcomer Zoupw did with their even lighter, high-wattage, portable, N-Type panels designed to maximize output in less than ideal conditions.
The Sora 500 is priced at €849 in Europe — it isn’t being sold in the US yet. Bluetti spokesperson Ellen Lee tells me that the company wants to bring it to the US market but it’s “currently navigating some shifting regional policies and trade dynamics.” Things that Zoupw and Jackery managed to sort out already.

$984
The Good
- Incredibly compact when folded
- Good performance in partial shade
- Exceeded rated output
- Efficient N-Type TOPCon cells
The Bad
- Heavy compared to competitors
- Single-sided (not bifacial)
- Tedious to unfold/pack
- Not yet available in the US
Bluetti’s single-sided Sora 500 panel uses TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) cells, an N-Type technology which is replacing older PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) tech. Compared to PERC, TOPCon panels do better in low-light, deal with high temperatures better, and degrade more slowly. TOPCon panels can achieve higher efficiencies (often ~23–25 percent) compared to typical PERC panels (~20–23 percent), depending on implementation.




All these advantages mean that you’ll get more for your money, as soon as you unfurl all 12 panels of the Sora 500 and over their extended lifetime. The panel also features an IP67 resistance to dust and water and an ETFE coating that makes it easier to wipe away dirt that interferes with solar intake.

In my mid-March testing in the south of France at an altitude of about 600 meters, I was regularly seeing the Sora 500 delivering above its rated output, measuring as much as 509W on a cool and cloudless day. It also does a good job of handling the sun being partially shaded.
For example, on a very sunny day when the 12 individual panels that comprise the Sora 500 were producing over 500W, the output dropped to 412W when partially shading one corner panel, and 390W when partially shading the right-most two. Partially shading the four panels just to the right of center dropped the output to 276W.
The output from the Sora 500 dropped dramatically when I blocked the center four panels, falling to just 50W. That’s likely because I choked off the entire array by severing the connection between all four parallel zones. Bluetti uses a half-cut cell design and a 3-series, 4-parallel (3S4P) circuit architecture for the Sora 500. This results in multiple independent power zones by dividing the cells into smaller halves and distributing them across four parallel power paths. It helps to prevent a single shaded area from becoming a bottleneck for the entire panel, like you see with cheaper panels.
Unfortunately, Bluetti chose to cover the back of its panels with fabric and a complex system of kickstands and straps. By comparison, the Zoupw 480W and Jackery SolarSage 500 X N-Type panels are bifacial, meaning they can also collect ambient light from the back of the panels when placed on reflective surfaces like snow, sand, concrete, and, to a lesser extent, grass.
I haven’t tested these panels myself, but I’ve seen unconfirmed user reports claiming to have pushed the Zoupw beyond 525W of output. Importantly, both panels also weigh just 22lb (10kg), making them even lighter than the 28.4lb (12.9kg) Bluetti Sora 500.
Solar Panel |
Base Power |
Weight |
Unfolded Area (sq in) |
Watts per lb |
Watts per sq in |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bluetti SORA 500 | 500W | 28.40 lbs | ~4,510 sq in (100.0” x 45.1”) | 17.61 W/lb | 0.110 W/sq in |
| Jackery SolarSaga 500 X | 500W | 22.05 lbs | ~3,848 sq in (98.1” x 39.2”) | 22.68 W/lb | 0.130 W/sq in |
| Zoupw 480W | 480W | 22.49 lbs | ~4,512 sq in (138.6” x 32.6”) | 21.34 W/lb | 0.106 W/sq in |
And while weight is an important enabler of portability, I should note that these things tend to fly away when the wind picks up. Fortunately, the Bluetti panel I’ve been testing has tie-down points for gusty days. All three panels are much lighter than the reliable 400W PERC monster from EcoFlow that I’ve been hauling around for the last four years. It weighs 35.3lbs (16kg) and is still available to buy for $599.
For vanlifers, the Bluetti Sora 500 absolutely dominates when it comes time to pack the panel away into an RV, van, or closet. The Zoupw and Jackery use standard 4-section or 6-section “slab” folds, while Bluetti uses a 12-section grid fold, allowing it to collapse into a much smaller, briefcase-like package. Even then, the 3.3-inch thick folded Bluetti is thinner than both the 3.35-inch thick Zoupw panel and 3.82-inch Jackery.
Solar Panel |
Base Power |
Folded Dimensions (L × W) |
Folded Area (sq in) |
Watts per Folded sq in |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bluetti SORA 500 | 500W | 22.4” × 17.5” | 392 sq in | 1.28 W/sq in |
| Jackery SolarSaga 500 X | 500W | 39.2” × 20.7” | 812 sq in | 0.62 W/sq in |
| Zoupw 480W | 480W | 34.7” × 32.6” | 1,131 sq in | 0.42 W/sq in |
Conversely, the Sora 500 can be a pain in the ass to set up due to all the hinges and straps needed to support so many segments. It’s a puzzle I managed to mostly master after the third installation, but repositioning the panel to follow the sun throughout the day is a lesson in patience.
1/8
Without official US pricing for the Sora 500 panel, it’s hard to do a direct price-per-watt comparison with the $649.99 Zoupw 480W and $999 (often on sale for $799) Jackery SolarSage 500 X. However, if we strip the European VAT from its €849 price tag and convert it, the Sora 500 works out to about $820. While that’s competitive, it still leaves the Zoupw 480W with the best price-per-watt performance in this class.
Bluetti’s Sora 500 can’t compete with the Zoupw 480W and Jackery SolarSage 500 X in terms of weight, but it wins handily in terms of Watts per square inch when folded down. It’s the only 500W panel that effectively disappears into a small closet or under a van bench. As such, it justifies its price premium for anyone like me who has limited space to store an extra solar panel they only need to deploy occasionally.
- Unfolded: 100 × 45.1 × 0.1 in / 2541 × 1146.6 × 3 mm
- Folded: 22.4 × 17.5 × 3.3 in / 570 × 445 × 85 mm
- Weight: 28.4 lbs / 12.9 kg
- Panels: 12x TOPCon
- Conversion Efficiency: up to 25 percent
- Voltage at Pmax (Vmp):40.92V
- Current at Pmax (Imp): 12.22A
- Open Circuit Voltage (Voc): 49.1V
- Short Circuit Current (Isc): 13.31A
- Operating Temperature: -13°F to 149°F / -25°C to 65°C
- Best Working Temperature: 77°F / 25°C
- 1.5m MC4 to XT60 cable included in box
Photography by Thomas Ricker / The Verge
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