Earlier this year, a relatively unknown startup from Finland made a startling announcement: It had finally solved solid-state batteries.
Technology
Is the ‘Holy Grail of batteries’ finally ready to bless us with its presence?
Not only that, but Donut Lab, a spinoff of Verge Motorcycles, said that its solid-state battery — long considered the “Holy Grail of batteries” for their high-density, durable, fast-charging abilities — would go into production later this year.
Battery experts were understandably skeptical. After all, solid-state batteries are one of those technologies, along with artificial general intelligence and the hyperloop, that seem perpetually two years away. And while most legitimate efforts in this field — whether academic or commercial — have some level of published research or recognizable names attached, Donut Lab seemed to have emerged out of nowhere, with no known researchers or prior presence in the field. This lack of traceability immediately raised concerns about the startup’s credibility.
“I can’t say they didn’t do it,” said Eric Wachsman, the director of the Maryland Energy Innovation Institute and an expert on solid-state batteries and solid oxide fuel cells. “All I can say is they haven’t demonstrated that they have.”
The skepticism seems warranted, especially when you consider how many other people have been chasing the solid-state dream. Were we really to believe this obscure startup had beaten Toyota, Stellantis, and the entire nation of China to the punch? The odds were against it.
Donut Lab seemed to anticipate the doubt, launching a website last February called idonutbelieve.com that would serve as a platform to publish independent tests verifying that, in fact, its solid-state battery was real, and spectacular. Over the course of several weeks, the startup posted third-party results from state-owned VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland that it said proved its battery was what it said it was: a fast-charging, high-energy-density solid-state battery that wasn’t actually a supercapacitor in disguise.
“The resistance won’t disappear when we present the proof,” Donut Lab CEO and cofounder Marko Lehtimäki said in a video. “It will just intensify because this new technology is a threat to the established players in the industry.”
But Donut Lab is still hiding the ball on some key information. At CES in January, the startup said its solid-state battery has an energy density of 400Wh per kilogram—roughly twice that of typical lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries in production. Not only that, but it could charge to full in five minutes, had a practically unlimited lifespan of 100,000 charging cycles, was unaffected by heat and cold (negative 30 degrees Celsius and 100C), and contains no rare earth elements, precious metals, or flammable liquid electrolytes.
Much of that remains unsubstantiated. Even after posting five independent test reports from VTT, the startup has yet to demonstrate three of the most important metrics: chemistry, density, and cycle-life claims.
The stakes are incredibly high. Imagine an electric vehicle that can travel 700–800 miles on a single charge, and that wasn’t at risk of bursting into flames because the flammable electrolytes had been replaced with a solid material.
In lithium-ion batteries, the motion of the liquid electrolytes generates heat, and in certain situations, this can slip into a “thermal runaway” effect that results in a fire. By comparison, solid-state batteries would make it safer to quickly draw power from (or add it back to) the battery, meaning you could theoretically charge an EV faster. It also could mean, structurally, less room has to be devoted to temperature control, which could allow companies to squeeze more battery cells into the same size pack.
After reviewing the tests of the Donut battery, Wachsman said there are still significant concerns. During the extreme heat tests, for example, the pouch surrounding Donut’s battery lost its vacuum seal. Gas generation inside batteries — caused by processes like electrolyte decomposition or oxygen release — can lead to swelling and rupture of the battery pouch. But without knowing the exact chemistry of the cell, it’s difficult to say how significant it is that Donut’s battery had this failure.
Setting aside the Donut battery for a moment, solid-state batteries have struggled to graduate from the laboratory to the assembly line because of well-documented problems. These batteries are often plagued by the formation of metallic cracks called dendrites that cause them to short circuit. Think of them like cracks that form on a sidewalk when a tree root grows underneath.
Dendrites have been a thorn in the side of battery developers since the 1970s. One reason lithium-ion batteries have become ubiquitous while other approaches have stalled is that their commonly used graphite anodes are less susceptible to dendrite formation.
But new discoveries could help engineers finally overcome these hurdles. A research team from MIT recently published a study in Nature that found that chemical reactions caused by high electrical currents that weaken the electrolyte also make it more susceptible to dendrite growth. That’s why developing stronger electrolytes alone hasn’t solved the decades-old dendrite problem. And it could point to the importance of developing more chemically stable materials to finally fulfill the promise of solid-state batteries.
Progress is already being made — where else? — in China. Last month, CATL, which controls nearly 40 percent of the global battery market, filed a patent application for solid-state batteries with a reported 500Wh energy density. According to CarNewsChina, the battery maker has already been planning small-scale production in 2027. But automotive-grade cells won’t be ready likely until the end of the decade.
Other Chinese companies are rushing ahead. Automaker FAW said recently that its “liquid-solid-state” lithium-rich manganese cell with 500Wh/kg was ready for vehicle integration.
China is already laying the groundwork for mass production by the end of the decade, by which point it hopes the technology will be mature. And why wouldn’t it? This is a country that has taken EVs and battery development seriously for years, allowing it to corner the market on much of the world’s supply.
Different companies are taking different approaches. For example, Honda is committed to sulfur-based electrolytes despite emerging alternatives. Last October, Toyota announced “the world’s first practical use of all-solid-state batteries in BEVs” by 2027 or 2028. And Mercedes, using a prototype battery from startup Factorial, was able to get an electric EQS sedan a real-world range of 749 miles.
“The companies probably have a ways to go,” said Alevtina Smirnova, director of the NSF Industry-University Cooperative Research Center for Solid-State Electric Power Storage. “Because there is no comparison to what is happening now in China to what is happening here in the US.”
For its part, Donut Lab is unperturbed by the skepticism around its claims. On April 1st, Lehtimäki posted a new video addressing some of the controversy surrounding its solid-state batteries. He also revealed that Donut Lab had created a second, more production-ready version of its battery that would start shipping to customers later this year.
There was a crucial admission: The widely discussed “100,000 cycles” figure was a design target, he said, not an experimentally verified result. Actual testing has been conducted over shorter cycles, with projections extrapolated based on known variables such as charge rate, temperature, and usage conditions.
He then pivoted to a more near-term project: Donut Lab’s latest merch drop, including a “tin-foil”-covered bucket hat.
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A worker stocks merchandise at a Lowe’s home improvement store in Chicago, Illinois, on Feb. 26, 2025. Lowe’s reported fourth-quarter earnings that exceeded Wall Street estimates. (Scott Olson/Getty Images)
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HAMMERING IT HOME: Lowe’s CEO warns AI can’t climb a ladder as company makes $250M bet on blue-collar future – The CEO of Lowe’s highlighted the physical limitations of artificial intelligence, noting that AI “can’t climb a ladder,” while simultaneously announcing the home improvement company’s massive $250 million investment focused on the future of blue-collar work.
CITIZENS FIGHT BACK: Wisconsin town becomes first in nation to pass referendum restricting AI data center development – A local community in Wisconsin became the first in the nation to pass a referendum designed to restrict the development of massive artificial intelligence data centers in their area.
CLEAN SHEET: Amazon disrupting itself, rebuilding customer shopping experience around AI from ground up – Tech giant Amazon is intentionally disrupting its own established e-commerce models by rebuilding the entire customer shopping experience from the ground up to center around advanced artificial intelligence technologies.
Amazon CEO Andy Jassy speaks during an Amazon Devices launch event in New York City, Feb. 26, 2025. (Brendan McDermid/Reuters)
SECURITY DISPUTE: Federal appeals court rejects Anthropic bid to block Pentagon blacklist in AI dispute – A federal appeals court denied a bid by artificial intelligence company Anthropic to block a Pentagon blacklist amid an ongoing legal dispute regarding defense contracting and AI technology.
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The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has struggled for years to have enough air traffic controllers to address shortages, with the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) saying in January that the number of people in the job in the US has declined by around 6 percent “in the last decade.” Now the Trump administration is rolling out a recruiting campaign targeting gamers ahead of the opening of the annual air traffic control hiring window on April 17th.
Even with the campaign, getting qualified individuals through training and into the role may still be a challenge: according to the Department of Transportation’s Office of Inspector General (OIG), the FAA is facing “considerable challenges with training, including a shortage of qualified instructors, training capacity limitations, an outdated curriculum, and high training failure rates.”
An FAA video full of clips of things like Madden NFL, Fortnite, League of Legends esports, and the Xbox One stinger from commercials promises an average salary of $155,000 per year after three years and says that “you’ve been training for this.”
In a press release, the FAA says that air traffic controllers said in exit interviews that gaming was an influence on “their ability to think quickly, stay focused, and manage complexity.” The FAA’s website about the application process encourages applicants to “level up” their career. However, the Trump administration isn’t the first to target gamers for the role; according to The New York Times, the Biden administration launched a “Level Up” recruiting push in 2021, encouraging gamers as well as women and members of minority groups to become air traffic controllers.
Getting more air traffic controllers has been a focus for Sean Duffy, President Trump’s secretary of transportation, and he announced a plan to “supercharge” hiring shortly after he was sworn in for the job last year. That campaign closed in March 2025 and “attracted more than 10,000 applications,” resulting in about 600 trainees entering the Controller Training Academy, the OIG says. And the GAO says that some attrition during the air traffic controller hiring process “may be preventable,” noting that the hiring process can be “difficult to navigate” and that applicants may have already accepted other jobs by the time they get an employment offer.
The National Air Traffic Controllers Association (NATCA), the union representing air traffic controllers, “welcomes innovative approaches to expanding the candidate pool,” including “outreach to individuals with high-level aptitude skills such as gamers,” according to a statement from NATCA president Nick Daniels.
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You book a flight. You reschedule. Then you try to handle travel insurance quickly so you can move on with your day. That’s exactly what happened to Rosette. She was trying to reach Allianz, a large travel insurance company that many airlines direct customers to after booking.
Within seconds, she was talking to a scammer who sounded completely legitimate. Here’s how she described it:
“I Googled Allianz and clicked on the phone number. It was answered within 1 second. . . . It was NOT Allianz I was speaking to. They have my Citicard number and my date of birth. . . . When I questioned it, he said ‘I will not charge your card’ and disconnected.”
That realization hits hard. Suddenly, you start replaying everything in your head. Maybe you thought you knew what to look for. Still, the frustration sets in fast. Here’s the truth: This happens every day to smart, careful people. And the scams keep getting more convincing.
TECH GIANTS UNITE TO FIGHT ONLINE SCAMS
Fake phone numbers in search results are fueling a surge in travel insurance scams targeting unsuspecting callers. (Yuliya Taba/Getty Images)
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- Plus, you’ll get instant access to my Ultimate Scam Survival Guide free when you join.
How this fake travel insurance phone scam works
This is known as a search result scam, and it is one of the fastest-growing fraud tactics right now.
Here’s the typical playbook:
- You search for a company like a travel insurance provider, airline or your bank
- A fake phone number appears at the top of the results or in an ad
- You call and reach a professional-sounding call center
- The scammer acts helpful, fast and confident
- They ask for payment details or personal information
In Rosette’s case, there were several clear signs once you step back:
- The call was answered instantly
- The pricing felt unusually high
- The email came from a fake domain
- The agent pushed for authorization
Once she questioned it, the scammer disconnected. That’s classic behavior.
Why this phone scam is so easy to fall for
This is not sloppy fraud. It’s polished, fast and designed to catch you when you are distracted. Here’s why it works so well:
1) You trust search results
Most people assume search results are safe. Scammers exploit that trust with fake listings and ads.
2) Timing creates pressure
You are often dealing with travel changes, delays or deadlines. That lowers your guard.
3) They sound legitimate
These are not obvious scammers. Many operate scripted call centers with trained agents.
4) They move fast
Answering within seconds creates the illusion that you reached the right company.
SSA IMPERSONATION SCAMS ARE GETTING MORE PERSONAL
A quick Google search led one woman to a convincing scam call center posing as a legitimate insurer. (golibo/Getty Images)
What information did the scammer actually get?
In Rosette’s situation, the scammer obtained:
- Credit card number
- Date of birth
That combination matters. Even without an immediate charge, scammers often:
- Test small transactions later
- Attempt identity-based fraud
- Sell your data to other criminals
This is why you should treat it as a compromised card situation, even if nothing has been charged yet.
What this means to you
This type of scam does not rely on hacking your device. It relies on tricking you into calling the wrong number. That means anyone can fall for it.
You could be booking travel, fixing a billing issue or calling tech support. One wrong click puts you in direct contact with a scammer who already sounds like the real company.
The danger is not just the initial call. It is what happens next if your information is reused or shared.
How to protect yourself from fake phone scams
Here’s how to protect yourself from this exact scenario moving forward:
1) Never trust phone numbers from search results
Always go directly to the company’s official website and find the contact page there.
2) Use the number on your card or confirmation email
These are far more reliable than anything you find through a quick search.
3) Watch for instant answers and pressure
Real companies rarely answer instantly and push for immediate payment details.
WHY THAT $4 CHARGE ON YOUR STATEMENT COULD BE FRAUD
A traveler searching for Allianz support reached a scammer instead, exposing personal and financial information in seconds. (fizkes/Getty Images)
4) Check the email domain carefully
If it does not match the official company domain, it is a red flag.
5) Replace compromised cards immediately
Do not wait for fraud to appear. Request a new card number right away.
6) Turn on real-time alerts
Enable transaction alerts so you can catch suspicious activity early.
7) Freeze your credit if personal data is exposed
This adds a strong layer of protection against identity theft.
8) Consider identity theft protection
If your personal information was exposed, identity theft protection can monitor your identity, alert you to suspicious activity and help you respond quickly if something goes wrong. See my tips and best picks on Best Identity Theft Protection at Cyberguy.com.
9) Remove your personal data from public databases
Data broker sites collect and sell your personal details. Removing your information reduces the chances scammers can find and target you again. Check out my top picks for data removal services and get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web by visiting Cyberguy.com.
What Rosette did right
It’s important to call this, out because it matters.
- She questioned the pricing
- She challenged the caller
- She stopped before a charge went through
- She contacted her bank quickly
Those steps significantly reduced the damage. This could have gone much further.
Kurt’s key takeaways
Scams like this are not about being careless. They are about being human. You were trying to solve a problem quickly. The scammer was ready for that exact moment. The biggest takeaway is simple: Slow down when money or personal information is involved. Even a few extra seconds to verify a phone number can make all the difference. And if something feels off, trust that instinct.
If you needed to call your bank or airline right now, would you trust the first number you see online? Let us know by writing to us at Cyberguy.com.
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