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5 AI terms you keep hearing and what they actually mean

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5 AI terms you keep hearing and what they actually mean

Whether it’s powering your phone’s autocorrect or helping someone create a new recipe with a few words, artificial intelligence (AI) is everywhere right now. But if you’re still nodding along when someone mentions “neural networks” or “generative AI,” you’re not alone.

Today I am breaking down five buzzy AI terms that you’ve probably seen in headlines, group chats or app updates, minus the tech talk. Understanding these basics will help you talk AI with confidence, even if you’re not a programmer.

Stay tuned for more in this series as we dive deeper into privacy-related tech terms and other essential concepts, answering the top questions we get from readers like you.

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Visual Illustration of AI (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

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1. Artificial intelligence (AI)

The big umbrella term 

Artificial Intelligence is a broad term for computer systems that can do tasks normally requiring human intelligence. That includes understanding language, recognizing images, making decisions and even learning from experience.

You’re using AI when:

  • Your email suggests replies
  • Your phone transcribes your voice
  • Netflix recommends what to watch next

Think of AI as the category; everything else on this list is a branch of it. It’s the foundation for all the smart tools we use today, from voice assistants to facial recognition. As AI continues to evolve, it has the power to make everyday tasks easier, faster and more personalized. But as it becomes more embedded in our lives, understanding the basics is key to using it wisely and protecting your digital autonomy.

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2. Machine learning (ML)

How AI learns patterns

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Machine Learning is a type of AI that learns from data instead of being explicitly programmed. It improves over time by finding patterns and making predictions.

For exampleYou like action movies. You watch a few. Over time, the algorithm learns your preferences and recommends similar titles, even if you didn’t say anything directly.

Common uses of ML:

ML is how AI “gets smarter” by itself, and it’s a big part of how tech becomes more helpful and intuitive. From catching suspicious charges on your credit card to curating your favorite music, machine learning can make life more seamless and even safer. But as with any technology, it’s important to stay aware of how your data is being used and who’s doing the learning. The more we understand how it works, the better we can decide how and when to trust it.

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3. Neural network

The tech that mimics your brain

Neural Networks are a special kind of machine learning designed to mimic how the human brain works, at least loosely. They’re made up of layers of “neurons” that process data and make decisions.

They’re particularly good at recognizing complex patterns, like identifying faces in photos or translating languages.

Use cases include:

  • Face ID unlocking your phone
  • Speech-to-text apps
  • Translating text in real time

If AI is the brain, neural networks are the brain cells doing the work. Neural networks are the part of AI that actually processes information. They’re designed to mimic how human brains work, taking in data, learning patterns and making decisions. So, when AI recognizes a face, writes a sentence or makes a suggestion, it’s neural networks making that happen behind the scenes.

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Illustration of humans and machine learning (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

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4. Generative AI

AI that creates, not just predicts

Generative AI doesn’t just analyze data, it creates new stuff: text, images, videos, code, music, even voices. It’s trained on huge amounts of content and learns how to generate something new that mimics the original.

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You’ve seen it in action if you’ve used:

  • ChatGPT or similar bots to write messages
  • AI art generators like Midjourney or DALL·E
  • Auto-generated captions or social media copy

It’s like giving a machine a vibe and watching it invent something that fits. Generative AI is creative, fast and sometimes uncannily realistic, which is what makes it both exciting and a little unsettling.

Think you can tell the difference?
Be sure to play my game to guess which photo is AI and which one is real. It’s harder than you think and a good reminder that as these tools get more advanced, staying alert and informed is more important than ever.

WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)?

Find the fake kitten. (Kurt “CyberGuy” Knutsson)

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5. Prompt

The magic words that make AI work

prompt is the input you give to an AI system, usually a question, command or description. It’s how you talk to tools like ChatGPT or image generators.

The better your prompt, the better the result.

Examples:

  • “Write a birthday message in the style of Shakespeare”
  • “Create a recipe using only chickpeas and chocolate”
  • “Make an image of a robot drinking coffee in Paris, 1920s style”

Prompts are to AI what questions are to Google, but with more creativity and conversation. Unlike a search engine that simply points you to existing content, AI can generate entirely new ideas, images and text based on what you ask. It’s more than a search box; it’s a creative tool. Whether you’re drafting a story, designing a logo or planning a vacation, learning how to prompt effectively lets you tap into AI’s full potential as a collaborator, not just an information source.

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Kurt’s key takeaways

You don’t need a computer science degree to understand AI, just a few solid definitions. From machine learning and neural networks to generative AI and prompts, these tools are no longer reserved for tech labs; they’re becoming part of your everyday life. Whether it’s helping you write an email, organize your photos or get dinner ideas based on what’s in your fridge, AI is already working behind the scenes to make life a little easier (and sometimes a lot more interesting).

Now that you’ve got the lingo down, you’ll be better equipped to navigate the AI-powered world with confidence and curiosity.

Want to go deeper? Interested in how AI can improve your daily routine or looking for creative prompt ideas to get the most out of tools like ChatGPT? Let us know by writing us aCyberguy.com/Contact.

For more of my tech tips and security alerts, subscribe to my free CyberGuy Report Newsletter by heading to Cyberguy.com/Newsletter.

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YouTube Music starts putting lyrics behind a paywall

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YouTube Music starts putting lyrics behind a paywall

Free YouTube Music accounts are now seeing their access to lyrics limited, according to multiple reports. Google started testing lyrics as an exclusive feature for Premium users in September, but it appears that it’s now receiving a wider rollout. It seems that free users will be limited to viewing lyrics for five songs per month, though we’ve reached out to Google for confirmation.

Once that limit is reached, users will only be able to see the first couple of lines. Everything beyond that will be blurred out, and they’ll be prompted to “Unlock lyrics with Premium.” The banner warning users about their limited lyric views remaining appears prominently when you open the tab, complete with a countdown.

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SoundCloud data breach exposes 29.8 million user accounts

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SoundCloud data breach exposes 29.8 million user accounts

NEWYou can now listen to Fox News articles!

Hackers have exposed personal and contact information tied to SoundCloud accounts, with data breach notification service Have I Been Pwned reporting impacts to approximately 29.8 million users. The breach hit one of the world’s largest audio platforms and left many users locked out with error messages before the company confirmed the incident.

Founded in 2007, SoundCloud grew into an artist-first service hosting more than 400 million tracks from over 40 million creators. That scale made this incident especially concerning. SoundCloud said it detected unauthorized activity tied to an internal service dashboard and launched its incident response process. At the time, users reported 403 Forbidden errors, especially when connecting through VPNs.

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149 MILLION PASSWORDS EXPOSED IN MASSIVE CREDENTIAL LEAK

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SoundCloud confirmed unauthorized activity after users reported access errors, triggering an internal incident response. (iStock)

What data was exposed in the SoundCloud breach

SoundCloud initially said attackers accessed limited data and did not touch passwords or financial information. The company said the exposed information matched what users already show publicly on profiles.

Later disclosures painted a much bigger picture.

According to Have I Been Pwned, attackers harvested data from approximately 29.8 million accounts. That data included:

  • Email addresses
  • Usernames and display names
  • Profile photos and avatars
  • Follower and following counts
  • Geographic locations, in some cases

While no passwords were taken, linking emails to public profiles creates real risk. That combination fuels phishing, impersonation and targeted scams.

Who is behind the attack

Security researchers tied the breach to ShinyHunters, a well-known extortion gang. Sources told BleepingComputer that the group attempted to extort SoundCloud following the data breach. SoundCloud later confirmed those claims. In a January update, the company said attackers made demands and launched email-flooding campaigns to harass users, employees and partners. ShinyHunters has also claimed responsibility for recent voice phishing attacks targeting single sign-on systems at Okta, Microsoft and Google. Those attacks targeted corporate SaaS accounts to steal data and extort.

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Why this breach matters even without passwords

At first glance, this may sound less serious than breaches involving passwords or credit cards. That assumption can be dangerous. Email addresses tied to real profiles allow scammers to craft convincing messages. They can pose as SoundCloud, brands or even other creators. With follower counts and usernames, messages feel personal and believable. Once attackers gain trust, they push links, malware or fake login pages. That is often how larger account takeovers begin.

What SoundCloud users should expect next

SoundCloud has not said whether more details will be released. The company did confirm the attack and the extortion attempt, but it has not answered follow-up questions about the scope or internal controls. For users, the long-term risk comes from how widely this dataset spreads. Once published, exposed data rarely disappears. It circulates across forums, marketplaces and scam networks for years.

We reached out to SoundCloud for comment, and a representative told us, “We are aware that a threat actor group has published data online allegedly taken from our organization. Please know that our security team—supported by leading third-party cybersecurity experts—is actively reviewing the claim and published data.”

SoundCloud has said it has found no evidence that sensitive data, such as passwords or financial information, was accessed.

Ways to stay safe after the SoundCloud breach

If you have or had a SoundCloud account, now is the time to act. Even limited data exposure can lead to targeted scams if you ignore it.

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1) Watch for phishing and impersonation emails

Scammers often move fast after a breach. Watch your inbox for messages that mention SoundCloud, music uploads, copyright issues or account warnings. Do not click links or open attachments from unexpected emails. When in doubt, go directly to the official website instead of using email links. Strong antivirus software adds another layer of protection here.

Nearly 29.8 million accounts had emails and public profile data harvested, raising concerns about phishing and impersonation. (Cyberguy.com)

The best way to safeguard yourself from malicious links that install malware, potentially accessing your private information, is to have strong antivirus software installed on all your devices. This protection can also alert you to phishing emails and ransomware scams, keeping your personal information and digital assets safe.

Get my picks for the best 2026 antivirus protection winners for your Windows, Mac, Android & iOS devices at Cyberguy.com

2) Change your SoundCloud password anyway

Passwords were not exposed, but changing them is still smart. Create a new password that you do not use anywhere else. If remembering passwords feels impossible, consider using a password manager to generate and securely store strong passwords. This reduces the risk of reuse across platforms.

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Next, see if your email has been exposed in past breaches. Our #1 password manager (see Cyberguy.com) pick includes a built-in breach scanner that checks whether your email address or passwords have appeared in known leaks. If you discover a match, immediately change any reused passwords and secure those accounts with new, unique credentials.

Check out the best expert-reviewed password managers of 2026 at Cyberguy.com

3) Turn on two-factor authentication

Two-factor authentication (2FA) adds a critical barrier if someone tries to access your account. Even if attackers guess or obtain a password later, they still need a second verification step. Enable 2FA anywhere SoundCloud or connected services offer it.

4) Lock down your email account 

Your email is the real target after most breaches. If someone gains access to it, they can reset passwords everywhere else. Use a strong, unique password for your email account and turn on two-factor authentication. Review recovery emails and phone numbers to make sure they still belong to you.

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5) Reduce your online data footprint

Attackers use breached emails to search data broker sites and social platforms for more details. The less data available, the harder you are to target. Consider a data removal service to limit how often your email and personal details appear across the web.

While no service can guarantee the complete removal of your data from the internet, a data removal service is really a smart choice. They aren’t cheap, and neither is your privacy. These services do all the work for you by actively monitoring and systematically erasing your personal information from hundreds of websites. It’s what gives me peace of mind and has proven to be the most effective way to erase your personal data from the internet. By limiting the information available, you reduce the risk of scammers cross-referencing data from breaches with information they might find on the dark web, making it harder for them to target you.

Check out my top picks for data removal services and get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web by visiting Cyberguy.com

Get a free scan to find out if your personal information is already out on the web: Cyberguy.com

6) Check your other accounts for suspicious activity

Attackers often reuse exposed email addresses to test logins across streaming services, social media and shopping accounts. Watch for password reset emails you did not request or login alerts from unfamiliar locations. If something looks off, act fast.

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Security researchers linked the breach to the ShinyHunters extortion group, which later attempted to pressure SoundCloud for payment. (Thomas Trutschel/Photothek via Getty Images)

Kurt’s key takeaways

Data breaches no longer stay contained to one app or one moment in time. Even when attackers expose information that looks harmless, the fallout can last much longer. The SoundCloud breach shows how public profile data paired with private contact details creates real exposure. Staying alert, limiting data sharing and using strong security habits remain your best defense as breaches continue to escalate.

Have you checked which old or forgotten accounts still expose your email and could be putting you at risk right now? Let us know your thoughts by writing to us at Cyberguy.com

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Copyright 2026 CyberGuy.com.  All rights reserved.

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Former Tumblr head Jeff D’Onofrio steps in as acting CEO at the Washington Post

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Former Tumblr head Jeff D’Onofrio steps in as acting CEO at the Washington Post

After what can generously be called a contentious tenure as the CEO of The Washington Post, Will Lewis is stepping down following mass layoffs this week. Jeff D’Onofrio, former CEO of Tumblr from 2017 to 2022, will step in as acting CEO and publisher. D’Onofrio has been CFO at the Post since June of last year, meaning he’s had a front row seat to Jeff Bezos’ dismantling of the once storied paper for the last nine months.

D’Onofrio’s resume doesn’t include extensive experience in traditional news media, nor many notable success stories. He was briefly the general manager of Yahoo News while it was still a Verizon property, before shifting his focus solely to Tumblr. Under his leadership, Tumblr tried to clean up its image by banning adult content, but its traffic fell by 30 percent. Yahoo had purchased Tumblr for $1.1 billion in 2013. By 2019, it was sold to Automatic, the owner of WordPress, reportedly for less than $3 million.

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