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Too soon for kindergarten? A guide to redshirting

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Too soon for kindergarten? A guide to redshirting


Cari Sullivan watched as just six weeks of kindergarten transformed her normally happy and boisterous kid into one who said he never had good days at school.

It was the fall of 2021, and the 5-year-old was having behavioral problems, Sullivan said. So his parents made a difficult choice they’ve never regretted: They sent their child back to day care for an extra year of pre-K.

“Once we returned to him to an environment where he felt, I think, physical and emotional safety, we kind of asked him how he liked being back,” Sullivan recalled. “And he was like, ‘Do I ever have to go to a different school again?’ ”

The extra time turned out to be exactly what her son needed, Sullivan said. He’s now 8 and thriving in second grade in Baltimore County, where he’s getting the accommodations he needs.

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In Maryland, kindergarten is the first compulsory year of schooling, requiring children who are 5 years or older by Sept. 1 to enroll. But caregivers can opt to send in a maturity waiver, which delays kindergarten for one year if they think it’s “in the best interest of their child.”

The practice is known as redshirting, and while just a small portion of families do it in Central Maryland, parents and educators say it can make or break school readiness for certain kids. They emphasize that it’s an individual decision that should reflect what a child needs academically and socially, and the “why” of that decision shouldn’t be taken lightly.

“Is it because you’ve heard stories that it’s better to do that for your child?” asked Christopher P. Brown, a professor at the University of Texas at Austin and a former kindergarten teacher who wrote the book on school readiness. “Or is there a real concern about whether or not you feel your child is ready for kindergarten?”

Here’s what to consider as you’re contemplating the right choice for your child.

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Consideration 1: What it costs

Kindergarten is the first year of guaranteed free public education in most Baltimore-area school districts. That means families who decide to redshirt may be on the hook to pay for an extra year of child care.

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Tammy Patzwall teaches pre-K at Small Wonders in Reisterstown, the Sullivans’ day care, which she said costs $235 a week for full-time preschool. She said in the past, she’s had kids who could use a little more time to develop socially or academically, and she’s encouraged parents to keep their kids with her for longer. Most of them turn her down.

“They don’t want to pay for day care anymore,” Patzwall said.

Cari Sullivan said once her son left kindergarten and returned to pre-K, he returned to his happy, silly self. (Eric Thompson/for The Baltimore Banner)

According to the Maryland Family Network, the average cost of care for children ages 2 to 5 is between $246 and $296 a week.

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In five Central Maryland school districts that serve hundreds of thousands of kids, just 236 maturity waivers were submitted for this school year, though districts are continuing to receive them. Last year, 292 waivers were submitted across those counties.

Brown said redshirting is more common in upper-class communities, a trend that holds true in the Baltimore area.

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Howard County is one of the smaller local school districts, with fewer than 58,000 students in 2023, compared to over 110,000 in Baltimore County. Yet in 2023, Howard recorded 88 waivers while Baltimore County received 27. On average, 2.5% of families waive kindergarten each year in Howard, a spokesperson said.

Howard County has a median household income of $140,971, compared to $88,157 in Baltimore County, according to the latest data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

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Consideration 2: Maturity, not birthdays

Dawn Popp held her now-26-year-old son back over 20 years ago. She’s never regretted it.

Popp said her “incredibly smart” son wasn’t socially ready for kindergarten; he lacked focus and couldn’t sit still in class. He stayed back an extra year in a play-based pre-K “to have a little bit of extra time to mature,” even though his June birthday is over two months ahead of the Sept. 1 cutoff.

“We felt like we knew our kid better than an arbitrary number, an arbitrary date,” Popp said.

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Kids with summer birthdays, depending on their parents’ decision, will always be the oldest or youngest in a class. Because children develop so rapidly and at different paces in the first years of life, the months-long gap between them may be more noticeable in the younger grades. Sometimes it works out: Popp said because her son was on the smaller side, he actually fit in better physically as one of the older students, though she doesn’t think it makes a big difference in kindergarten with a “range of both sizes and abilities.”

Brown said that generally, research shows that younger kindergartners tend to catch up socially and academically by first and second grade, even if every kid is different.

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Consideration 3: Trusted adults’ observations

Brown doesn’t think every parent needs to consider redshirting; if your child is ready for kindergarten, send them, he said. But parents who are carefully weighing their options should talk to other adults in their child’s life, such as their pre-K teacher or sports coach, to see if they’re noticing the same factors that could lead to a later kindergarten start.

Kids may be struggling with focus, communication with peers, setting boundaries or developing fine motor skills, which they can work on in an extra year of pre-K. That way, they’re ready for kindergarten teachers who expect kids who can pay attention, follow directions and develop routines that help them learn the academics.

“You need to do what’s best for your child,” Brown said. “And once you make that decision, you need to stick with that decision and be an advocate for your child as they move forward.”

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While Cari Sullivan’s 8-year-old son still faces some attention and learning challenges, he enjoys school, has made great friends and is getting the accommodations he needs, his mom said. (Eric Thompson/for The Baltimore Banner)

While parents may be thinking about redshirting from the social-emotional perspective, there can be some academic drawbacks, Brown said: If an older child ends up being academically way ahead of their peers in kindergarten, it can be hard on both them and their teacher. But because parents make so many decisions in the K-12 years, it’s hard to determine if there’s a true advantage or disadvantage to delaying kindergarten.

Ultimately, it’s an individual choice, Brown stressed.

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Popp started her other two children’s schooling on time, though all three of her kids have summer birthdays. But a delayed start was the right choice for her eldest: It set him up to succeed through the rest of his schooling.

Popp said while she’s talked to many people who wish they’d held their child back, she’s never talked to a parent who’d done it but wished they hadn’t.

Sullivan knows redshirting was the right choice for her son.

“There’s no reason to rush their childhood,” Sullivan said. “There’s no prize for finishing childhood first.”

About the Education Hub

This reporting is part of The Banner’s Education Hub, community-funded journalism that provides parents with resources they need to make decisions about how their children learn. Read more.

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Maryland

Chance of showers on Christmas, wintry mix possible in Maryland on Friday

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Chance of showers on Christmas, wintry mix possible in Maryland on Friday


Multiple storm systems will impact the Mid-Atlantic through the holiday weekend, into next week. The WJZ First Alert Weather Team
has tagged Friday as a possible First Alert Weather Day, due to the potential for a slick wintry mix of freezing rain, sleet and snow. 

Gloomy weather continues into Tuesday evening in Baltimore

Temperatures remain stuck in the low to mid-40s across central Maryland, greater Baltimore and the eastern shore. Morning rain and wintry mix have moved out of our area. But, clouds remain thick.

Plan on a mostly cloudy evening with a temperatures hovering in the upper 30s and lower 40s. Areas of fog may develop overnight, into early Wednesday morning. Temperatures will be in the upper 30s and lower 40s around sunrise on Christmas Eve morning.

Fantastic Christmas Eve weather in Maryland

Wednesday will be the nicest weather day of the week. 

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With the help of much more sunshine, temperatures will warm into the upper 40s and lower 50s in many areas. It’ll be breezy. Winds will gust 20 to 30 MPH through the afternoon. The weather looks good for holiday plans, aside from the breezy winds.

Travel weather will be great up and down the I-95 and I-70 corridors across the region through Christmas Eve afternoon. 

Damp start to Christmas Day in Baltimore

A passing storm system will send a round of showers through Maryland on Christmas morning. While mostly rain, snow and sleet may mix in early in the morning. The chance of a brief wintry mix is greatest in northeast Maryland around sunrise. No wintry accumulation is expected, with morning temperatures in the mid to upper 30s.

The forecast dries out from northwest, to southeast, by mid-morning. Afternoon temperatures peak in the upper 40s and lower 50s, under a mostly cloudy sky.

Another batch of cold air will blow into Maryland Christmas night, into Friday morning ahead of the next storm system.

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Potential winter storm Friday across Maryland 

There is a chance of freezing rain, sleet and snow on Friday. Travel impacts are possible.

Colder air will be in-place across Maryland as the next storm system approaches. All wintry precipitation types are possible across our part of the state. A few wintry showers could arrive as early as Friday morning. However, a greater chance of winter weather and slick travel arrives late Friday afternoon. The wintry mix of freezing rain, sleet and snow could continue into Friday night. 

Snow and ice may accumulate. However, it’s still early and the forecast may need to be adjusted. Check back with the WJZ First Alert Weather Team over the next few days. Friday is a possible First Alert Weather Day.  

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Maryland commission approves half of BGE’s $152.3 million funding request to support rate increase

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Maryland commission approves half of BGE’s 2.3 million funding request to support rate increase




Maryland commission approves half of BGE’s $152.3 million funding request to support rate increase – CBS Baltimore

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The Maryland Public Service Commission approved nearly half of Baltimore Gas and Electric’s (BGE) $152.3 million request for funding to support the final year of the company’s rate hike plan.

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Maryland DNR Provides Guidance Concerning Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

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Maryland DNR Provides Guidance Concerning Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza


Maryland DNR Provides Guidance Concerning Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), an airborne respiratory virus that spreads quickly among birds, is found sporadically in the state’s wild bird populations, especially waterfowl, raptors, and black vultures (pictured above). Photo by by Michael Dwyer, submitted to the 2023 Maryland DNR Photo Contest.

Early indicators suggest the coming months could be active for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in wild birds again this year. Avian influenza, often called “bird flu,” is an airborne respiratory virus that spreads quickly among birds. While once considered rare in Maryland, the virus is now being detected more commonly in the state’s wild bird populations, especially waterfowl, raptors, and black vultures. Risk to human health is considered low, but people who may handle or encounter wild birds should take common precautions to protect themselves and help limit the spread of this virus. 

Hunting wild birds, including waterfowl and geese, is safe but the Maryland Department of Natural Resources recommend some guidelines for hunters and others who encounter wild birds:

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  • Never handle wild birds that are obviously sick or found dead.
  • Wash your hands with soap and water or hand sanitizer immediately after handling game.
  • Use disposable gloves when handling game and double-bag offal and feathers.
  • Use dedicated clothing, boots, and tools for cleaning game that are not used around poultry or pet birds. Anyone preparing harvested waterfowl should cook it to 165 degrees to kill any viruses or bacteria. Hunters and other outdoors enthusiasts can check online for more information from USDA on safely processing and disposing of wild birds.

Anyone who fills birdfeeders for the winter may continue to do so, as songbirds rarely carry or spread the HPAI virus. 

Hiking, photography, and other outdoor activities in areas where wild birds congregate are safe, although as with hunting, precautions should be taken to avoid sick or dead birds. 

Anyone who sees sick or dead birds in the wild should not handle or move the birds but should first report them to the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) by calling 1-877-463-6497. DNR contracts annually with APHIS to help the state triage approximately 30,000 calls related to sick, injured, or dead wildlife. APHIS operators are available from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday, except on state holidays. Those with area codes from outside Maryland should call 410-349-8055. Voicemails will be promptly returned. 

USDA APHIS employs staff who are trained to handle and remove sick or dead wild birds while mitigating biosecurity risks and reducing potential spread of the disease to domestic poultry facilities. Key DNR staff are also trained and equipped to dispose of dead birds that may have contracted the virus and will be supplementing the disposal efforts. Reports will be triaged based on their seriousness and the two agencies will advise callers on a course of action and determine whether a direct field response is required.

More information on HPAI and how to mitigate exposure of domestic poultry to wild birds can be found on the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s website.

The Maryland Department of Agriculture is encouraging poultry farm and backyard flock owners are urged to follow these guidelines to prevent the spread of HPAI:

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  • Restrict access to poultry by posting “Restricted Access” signage, securing the area with a gate, or both.
  • Take steps to ensure that contaminated materials on the ground are not transported into the poultry growing house or area.
  • Provide the following items to anyone entering or leaving any area where poultry are kept:
    • Footbaths and foot mats with disinfectant.
    • Boot washing and disinfectant station.
    • Footwear change or foot covers.
  • Cover and secure feed to prevent wild birds, rodents or other animals from accessing it.
  • Cover and properly contain carcasses, used litter, or other disease-containing organic materials to prevent wild birds, rodents or other animals from accessing them and to keep them from being blown around by wind.
  • Allow MDA to enter the premises during normal working hours to inspect your biosecurity and sanitation practices. 
  • Report any unusual domestic poultry deaths or sudden increases in very sick poultry to the MDA Animal Health Program at 410-841-5810 or after-hours to 410-841-5971. Also contact the USDA at 866-536-7593.

Dead wild birds can be reported to USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service by calling 1-877-463-6497. USDA Wildlife Services operators are available from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday, except on state holidays. Those with phone numbers outside of Maryland should call 410-349-8055. Voicemails will be promptly returned.




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