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Louisiana executes Jessie Hoffman by nitrogen gas in 1st use of death penalty in 15 years

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Louisiana executes Jessie Hoffman by nitrogen gas in 1st use of death penalty in 15 years


Louisiana has carried out its first execution in more than a decade, killing Jessie Hoffman Jr. with a new nitrogen gas method that unlatches possibilities for the state to someday carry out the sentences of 55 people now living on death row.

With Tuesday night’s execution, Louisiana becomes the second state to use the gas method, which has stoked controversy among some experts and horrified death penalty opponents and other advocates. It also demarcates an aggressive new era of punishment in a state already known for high imprisonment rates.

Gov. Jeff Landry says the resumption of executions is necessary to fulfill a “contractual promise” to crime victims. Speaking on the Talk Louisiana radio program Tuesday morning, he took issue — as he has publicly before — with a “focus on the criminal, rather than the victims and the families.”

“When death row is empty, we don’t have to fill it or put another person on it,” he said. “But that’s going to depend upon the conduct of individuals, not on society as a whole.”

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The state plans to use nitrogen hypoxia for the first time Tuesday when it’s scheduled to put Jessie Hoffman to death.

Media witnesses said Hoffman clenched his fists and twitched as the gas flowed. They said most of his body was obscured by a thick gray blanket, with the exception of his forearms and head. Hoffman’s Buddhist spiritual advisor chanted before the execution and following his death.

He declined a final meal at the Louisiana State Penitentiary — the prison commonly referred to as Angola — and did not offer a final statement before the execution. He was pronounced dead by the West Feliciana Parish coroner’s office at approximately 6:50 p.m.

“The State of Louisiana took the life of Jessie Hoffman, a man who was deeply loved, who brought light to those around him, and who spent nearly three decades proving that people can change,” Caroline Tillman, one of Hoffman’s attorneys, said in a statement Tuesday evening.

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“It took his life not because justice demanded it, but because it was determined to move forward with an execution.”

Hoffman was strapped to a gurney and inhaled pure nitrogen gas through a mask on his face for 19 minutes. Media witnesses to the execution said Hoffman shook for a few minutes, followed by shallowing breathing indicated by the rising and falling of the blanket for several minutes before he died.

Nitrogen gas executions cause hypoxia, depriving the body of the oxygen needed to maintain its functions.

Attorney General Liz Murrill said after the execution that her office aimed to start reviewing other capital cases, though she could not estimate how many executions might take place in Louisiana this year.

“We’re going to start working our way through motions and begin to clear the underbrush and move these cases forward,” she said. “Everybody deserves the justice that the state promised to them.”

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Murrill did not personally witness the execution, nor did Landry, per reports.

Kat Stromquist

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Gulf States Newsroom

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Attorney General Liz Murrill holds a picture of Mary “Molly” Elliott following the execution of Jessie Hoffman on March 18, 2025, while Department of Public Safety & Corrections Secretary Gary Westcott (right) looks on.

Last-minute legal challenges fail

Hoffman, 46, was convicted in a case involving the 1996 rape and murder of Mary “Molly” Elliott, an advertising executive. Originally from New Orleans, he was 18 years old at the time of the crime.

In court filings, his attorneys argued that the gas method violated Hoffman’s Buddist meditative breathing practices — his religious freedom — and that associated “terror and pain” could violate Constitutional protections against cruel and unusual punishment.

Attorneys for Louisiana disagreed, writing in various filings that courts have upheld gas executions in Alabama and that Hoffman can’t use religious freedom protections to stop his execution — only make accommodations during it.

Lawyers were filing challenges and motions in multiple state and federal courts in the days before the execution in an urgent bid for his life. But judges were not receptive, culminating in a 5-4 decision from the U.S. Supreme Court denying a request to stay the execution, published to the court’s online docket minutes before the execution window began.

Justices Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, and Ketanji Brown Jackson dissented, wanting to grant a stay of execution. Justice Neil Gorsuch wrote a dissenting opinion, wanting to grant a stay based on a religious claim.

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People still say, “That’s not the Jessie I knew.” But most didn’t know what he endured at home – and that’s likely what drove him on that day, psychiatrists say.

Andy Elliott, Mary Elliott’s widower, told the New Orleans Times-Picayune that he’d “become indifferent” to the difference between the death penalty and a life-without-parole sentence after so many years, but he appreciated the governor’s “urgency toward a final resolution.”

“The pain is something we simply have learned to live with,” he told the newspaper last week. “That pain cannot be decreased by another death, nor by commuting the sentence of Molly’s assailant to life in prison.”

Hoffman’s wife, Ilona Hoffman, described him as a good dad, a “loyal friend” and “the most amazing husband” in her statement following the execution. Other survivors include his son, Jessie Smith.

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At a demonstration in Baton Rouge earlier this week, Smith said his father does not resemble the person who appears in news articles about the crime that led to his incarceration and death.

“The person I see and the person I read in the articles are two different people,” Smith said. “I just wish other people would see the same.”

Jessie Hoffman's son, Jessie Smith, speaks to supporters at a rally against Hoffman's execution in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, on Sunday, March 16, 2025.

Kat Stromquist

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Gulf States Newsroom

Jessie Hoffman’s son, Jessie Smith, speaks to supporters at a rally against Hoffman’s execution in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, on Sunday, March 16, 2025.

Vigils held around Louisiana

People gathered outside of the Angola prison by mid-afternoon Tuesday to protest Hoffman’s execution, including Alison McCrary, director of Louisiana InterFaith Against Executions. She has served as a spiritual advisor to people on death row.

Under a nearby tree, a woman McCrary said is Hoffman’s sister audibly sobbed.

McCrary called Tuesday a “sad day” for the state, pointing to Louisiana’s high rate of reversals in cases where a death sentence was handed down.

“Death is an irreversible punishment. Once you take a life, you can’t take it back,” she said. “And knowing that we get it wrong 80% of the time, the state of Louisiana is determined to take this risk of getting it wrong.”

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Protesters also gathered around New Orleans to object to the execution and hold vigils at several places of worship, including First Grace United Methodist Church on Canal Street.

“I  think our governor really has to feel that he has made a personal decision to take another person’s life,” Shawn Anglim, First Grace’s pastor, said. “I hope he sleeps heavy with that and wakes up tomorrow and feels the presence of God.”

People gathered on the steps of First Grace United Methodist Church in New Orleans hold hands and say a prayer during a vigil for Jessie Hoffman on Tuesday, March 18, 2025.

People gathered on the steps of First Grace United Methodist Church in New Orleans hold hands and say a prayer during a vigil for Jessie Hoffman on Tuesday, March 18, 2025. Hoffman, a Louisiana death row prisoner, was executed Tuesday evening by nitrogen gas. It marks the first time Louisiana has carried out the death penalty in 15 years, and the first time the state has used the controversial gas method in a state-sanctioned killing.

Further challenges ahead

Alabama first used nitrogen gas to execute Kenny Smith in January 2024. Witnesses to that execution described a process in which Smith “appeared to convulse” and seemed to take several minutes to die.

Three further gas executions in Alabama over the course of the past year also involved people being executed who appeared to shake or who struggled to breathe.

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Alabama officials, however, say those executions have gone as anticipated and the gas method “has been proven to be constitutional and effective.”

On Tuesday night, Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections Secretary Gary Westcott said the state had followed Alabama’s lead and made improvements.

“We actually probably did a little bit better than they did with some of the equipment,” he said. “We’ve made some tweaks to what they did. [The execution] was flawless. It went about as good as we can expect.”

Along with Alabama and Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma and Arkansas have approved the gas method. Arkansas approved the method on Tuesday, with Gov. Sarah Huckabee Sanders signing it into law before Hoffman’s execution in Louisiana.

Death Penalty Action executive director Abraham Bonowitz said earlier this week that he foresees further court challenges to the nitrogen gas method.

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“I’m hopeful that sooner or later, a court is going to hear the witnesses who are not state officials about the torture that suffocation execution is — and at that point it will be found to be — cruel and unusual, a violation of the Eighth Amendment,” he said.

WWNO reporter Eva Tesfaye contributed to this report.

This story was produced by the Gulf States Newsroom, a collaboration between Mississippi Public BroadcastingWBHM in Alabama, WWNO and WRKF in Louisiana and NPR.  





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Neuty, the beloved Bucktown nutria rat that charmed Louisiana, has died

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Neuty, the beloved Bucktown nutria rat that charmed Louisiana, has died


Neuty, the iconic Bucktown nutria visits the state capitol, with Myra Lacoste, Denny Lacoste, Lieutenant Governor Billy Nungesser, Dennis Lacoste Sr., and Louisiana state Senator J. Cameron Henry Jr. Neuty was an orphan, rescued by the Lacostes. In March 2023, LDWF agents attempted to confiscate the illegal pet.  



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Louisiana State Police arrest 18-year-old in Vidalia crash t…

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Louisiana State Police arrest 18-year-old in Vidalia crash t…


VIDALIA, La. — Louisiana State Police arrested 18-year-old Gregory Steele early Sunday morning on two counts of vehicular homicide, one count of underage operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated, one count vehicular negligent injuring and one count careless operation, according to Concordia Parish Jail records.

Steele, 18, a white male, was arrested in connection with an accident that occurred at approximately 1:54 a.m. on Sunday morning on Minorca Road in Vidalia. Two passengers in the vehicle were killed. Steele and another passenger were able to escape the vehicle.



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On this Mother’s Day, three Louisiana mothers grieve the deaths of eight of their children, seven killed by their own father | CNN

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On this Mother’s Day, three Louisiana mothers grieve the deaths of eight of their children, seven killed by their own father | CNN


Christina Snow bends down and whispers something in her daughter’s ear as the 11-year-old lies in a white casket, eyes closed as if she were simply asleep.

On the morning before Mother’s Day, Sariahh Snow’s small, lifeless body is one of eight – all children – lined in open white caskets along the front of a church hall in Shreveport, Louisiana.

Except for the low murmur of church organ music drifting through the sanctuary, Snow’s muffled sobs momentarily silence an audience of hundreds who have gathered to grieve alongside the three mothers whose children were all fatally shot by the same man: the father of seven of the eight killed and an uncle to the eighth.

The shocking act of violence, which also left two of the mothers seriously wounded, marked the nation’s deadliest mass shooting in more than two years, a catastrophe so staggering it forced an already grief-stricken country to once again confront the deadly collision of a mental health crisis and America’s unrelenting access to guns.

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“This is not a Shreveport mourning,” Congressman Cleo Fields said in his tribute. “This is a nation mourning.”

Now remembered as the “Eternal 8,” Jayla Elkins, 3; Shayla Elkins, 5; Kayla Pugh, 6; Layla Pugh, 7; Mar’Kaydon Pugh, 10; Sariahh Snow, 11; Khedarrion Snow, 6; and Braylon Snow, 5, were killed in the April 19 shooting.

As grieving attendees lined up to pay respects to the children, one woman shut her eyes after peering at one of the children, Kayla, who wore a white dress, her fingernails carefully painted pink. Just behind her body stood a photograph from when she was still alive, her sweet, wide eyes impossible to reconcile with the stillness of the tiny body in the casket.

Inside the funeral pamphlet, Kayla is described by her family as “K-Mae,” a sweetheart with a big smile who never asked for much, but when she did, melted hearts. She loved “going to school, playing with her sisters, brothers, and cousins, and being outside running, jumping and even wrestling with those she loved.”

The seven other entries read as sweetly. Sarriah was described as “sunshine,” a creative, smart, and loving girl. Khedarrion loved helping his family and adored his principal. Braylon was sweet and gentle. Mar’Kaydon, or “K-Bug,” was a cheerful child who loved telling his grandmother what he learned at school every day. Jayla, also known as her family’s “little J-Bae,” taught her family “more about unconditional love, strength and resilience than words could ever express.” Shayla was warm and quiet. Layla adored her siblings and cousins so much she “would stand up for them no matter how big the other person was.”

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It’s a tragedy that sends chills racing down your spine and leaves a lump in your throat. Throughout the hall, people clung tightly to one another, wiping away each other’s tears. Children filled the pews — sweet, innocent and suddenly feeling even more precious to everyone there.

The Saturday funeral service was carried by the reverberating melody of gospel music that rattled through the hall like waves, sending prayer hands into the air and tears spilling from the eyes of loved ones and strangers alike.

But there were smiles too; and white, pink, blue, and purple bloomed in the crowd of black funereal clothes, woven among bright dresses, pressed shirts, ribbons and flowers.

“Lord, we ask right now a special prayer for Summer Grove School. Lord God, we pray for Lynnwood Public Charter School,” Pastor Al George said during his tribute, praying for the two schools the children had attended.

“We pray for all of those teachers, those principals; Lord, they need you right now. Those students need you right now. They’re going to school and see empty desks; Lord God, they need you right now.”

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Some of the funeral attendees were family, friends and teachers, and many were complete strangers – people who drove more than 12 hours just to stand witness to the unimaginable loss of children they had never met.

“I had to get here,” Kelvin Gadson told CNN. He had arrived a day earlier, having driven from South Carolina, and attended an open viewing of the caskets at a funeral home – the first time the mothers were able to see their children’s bodies.

But Gadson wasn’t just there to honor the children lost. He came for the children still here, the ones now carrying images no child should ever have to carry. With him were two costumes: Minnie and Mickey Mouse. The kids could pose with them as a distraction from what they’d just witnessed.

“They come out scared. But I’m really here because this violence has to stop. It’s killing our children, our precious babies,” Gadson, the founder of Giving a Child a Dream Foundation, told CNN. “My mission is about preventing gun violence.”

Little ones who came out of the casket viewing with their parents wore expressions of confusion and shock after witnessing eight bodies that didn’t look so different from their own.

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One of the children was Micheal Thomas.

“I’m kind of scared of funerals. I’m scared of the dead bodies, and they were pretty kids,” the 10-year-old said, sounding wiser than his years. “They were little. I wish I knew them, we would’ve been playing basketball, football, it would’ve been so fun.”

His friends at school don’t talk about the children as much as he does, he said. Then he points to his little brother, who hides behind his legs and clings tightly to him. “I care because imagine that was your kid. If it was my brother, I would be dying; I would be down bad.”

One day, he said, he will meet them in heaven and tell them, “Hey! How you doing? I’m doing good. You broke my heart, but I was talking about you.”

He hasn’t cried about seeing their bodies but he knows he will. The tears “don’t want to come,” but when they do, he promised he won’t push them back.

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Plastic trucks and ribbon-wrapped dolls

Days after the shooting stunned Shreveport, a whirlwind of police lights, camera crews and grieving relatives swarmed the neighborhood where the killings unfolded, the streets vibrating with sirens, the air shrouded in questions and disbelief.

But today, the home sits almost unbearably silent.

The main road leading to the Cedar Grove house where the children were killed is under construction. Jagged pieces of cement push through the dirt as orange and white caution cones warn drivers of danger. While less than half a mile away, innocent children received no warning at all before encountering the worst danger imaginable.

Eight balloons sway weakly in the wind above a makeshift memorial – eight crosses staked into the damp ground, covered in handwritten messages. Toys cover the lawn: stuffed animals, plastic trucks, dolls still wrapped in ribbons, left behind for children who will never come outside to claim them.

Besides the permanent stain the massacre has left on the neighborhood, it remains, in many ways, still beautiful — homes resting in the midst of lush green grass, children playing on porches, and neighbors blasting Michael Jackson as a family gathers around a table outside.

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A young girl sits slouched in a chair, chin in her hands, bored. It is a neighborhood that, in quieter moments, feels almost like childhood nostalgia made real — fragile, ordinary, and proof of how quickly innocence can be shattered.

In front of the memorial, a small gray cat sits in the rain before wandering to the front door of the gray and white home, curling near the entrance where blood had been spattered just weeks earlier. The gunman was identified as 31-year-old Shamar Elkins. Shreveport Police Cpl. Chris Bordelon told CNN affiliate KSLA the shootings were “domestic in nature.”

As the shooting unfolded, some of the children tried to escape out the back, a state representative said at an earlier news conference. Bullet holes could be seen in the back door of one of the homes.

Every now and then, a car slows to a crawl before pulling over beside the memorial, the people inside sitting silently behind fogged windows, perhaps reminiscing, perhaps praying, perhaps simply trying to make sense of a loss too enormous to truly understand.

Not far from the now empty home, stripped of the laughter and the innocent chaos of excited children that once filled every room and hallway with life, the three mothers, dressed in all white, sit side by side before the eight caskets.

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Keosha Pugh — sister of Shaneiqua Pugh, the gunman’s wife — walked into the funeral leaning on a cane, a painful reminder of the injuries she suffered after jumping from a roof with her daughter, Mar’Kianna, while fleeing the gunfire. The fall shattered her pelvis and hip. Shaneiqua Pugh escaped physically unharmed, but Snow was shot in the face during the attack.

All three mothers carried the visible weight of trauma throughout the service. Their legs trembled beneath them, their hands and heads shook with anxiety, and at times Snow, in tears, curled into the arms of friends and loved ones.

Prayers were recited over the bodies of their babies after horse-drawn carriages carried the children slowly into the cemetery as mourners followed behind, some arms carrying flowers and others carrying young children.

Roses were gently laid across the caskets before eight white doves were released into the sky, their wings unfurling into the clouds — a cruel irony beside the eight young lives below, cut short before their stories ever had the chance to unfurl at all.

Among the mourners was Dollie Sims, who had met the children when their father brought them to her community programs. She recalls being struck by how deeply loved they were. When she learned of their killing, she said she was stunned and retraumatized.

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“This was reliving the gun violence of my son, who was shot 15 times walking down the street. This is surreal, and as a parent, I think all of us out here are just devastated because what makes this situation so traumatic is that it was by their father, who struggled with mental illness,” Sims said, donning a white fur coat and dress as she waited for the family to arrive at the cemetery.

Her son, who survived, was 19 years old at the time of the shooting.

“This should open the eyes to Shreveport, Louisiana, and Louisiana period, about gun violence and its seriousness, and what we need to do to help this situation to make it safer … We need to advocate and support other families and show up and try to find a way to make it better to keep the next family safe.”

Sims believes the full impact of the tragedy has not fully hit the mothers who have not yet been given time to grieve, she said.

“Mother’s Day is just going to be the beginning of them realizing that those babies aren’t there anymore.”

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A few blocks away from the cemetery, Sharon Pouncy had up a folding table beside the road to sell Mother’s Day gift baskets. She lost her own child years ago, she said, after he became sick.

“I want these mamas to know that every mother is holding them in their hearts today,” Pouncy said from the driver’s seat of her truck. She’s wearing a Minnie Mouse shirt – unbeknownst to her, the character is a favorite of the children she had come to honor.

“We know your pain. Once you feel that loss, it never really goes away, you just …” She pauses, and a sad smile flickers across her face. “Well, you just find a way to live with it forever.”

At the same time three mothers lay their babies into the earth; another mother, years into her own journey of grief, finds herself thinking of her baby too.

A man pulls over and points to a basket he’s interested in buying. A card pokes out from a pile of teddy bears: “I love you, Mom.”

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