Science
Is Time Running Out for the Leap Second?

The destiny of the leap second is extra than simply the destiny of the leap second. At stake is Coordinated Common Time, the worldwide customary for timekeeping, which the continued existence of the leap second is slowly undermining.
Coordinated Common Time, or U.T.C., is tenderly constructed from readings made by atomic clocks stored at nationwide laboratories around the globe. These clocks tick off, or “understand,” their finest seconds and ship the measurements to the B.I.P.M. There, timekeepers painstakingly assemble the readings — averaging, weighting, adjusting for discrepancies — into a great second for everybody in every single place to agree on and make use of, sometimes including leap seconds as wanted. This meeting course of takes time. And so as soon as a month the Bureau publishes the right time within the type of a publication, known as Round T, that tells every nationwide clock how a lot it diverges from the worldwide customary, to assist it enhance its goal the next month.
Coordinated Common Time is the world’s official time scale, and can proceed to be whether or not or not it incorporates leap seconds. International time zones are described in reference to it. (New York time presently is U.T.C. minus 5 hours.) And the beating coronary heart, the second, is crucial within the constellation of ordinary measurements overseen by the B.I.P.M., alongside the meter (size), kilogram (weight), kelvin (temperature), candela (depth of sunshine), ampere (electrical present) and mole (quantity of substance).
The thought, formalized a century and a half in the past by nationwide signatories to a world treaty known as the Meter Conference, is that every unit of measurement must be similar in every single place on this planet; one meter in Spain is exactly one meter in Singapore. The seven customary models are integral to honest commerce, reproducible science and dependable know-how. The second is extra-special as a result of it underpins all the opposite models besides the mole. As an illustration, the meter is outlined as the space mild travels in a vacuum throughout one-299,792,458ths of a second, and the kilogram was lately redefined when it comes to the second.
As well as, the second is tethered to a time scale, or movement of seconds. A key tenet of contemporary life is that not solely should the unit of time be similar regardless of the place it’s measured, so should the movement of seconds of which the one is a component.
However the leap second is placing that tenet is in danger. The kludge is so technically troublesome for digital know-how to include that different, ersatz strategies of timekeeping — unofficial, however freed from leap seconds and simpler to implement — have begun to displace U.T.C., in keeping with a current article within the journal Metrologia. To supporters of Decision D, eradicating the leap second from U.T.C. would make the usual time scale friendlier to fashionable digital know-how, a minimum of within the century following 2035. Coordinated Common Time would nonetheless be common, simply not coordinated with Earth time.

Science
Former Cedars-Sinai OB-GYN surrenders license after sexual abuse complaints

Former Cedars-Sinai Medical Center obstetrician-gynecologist Barry J. Brock has surrendered his medical license following an accusation of negligent care from the state medical board.
Brock, 75, signed an agreement late last month to give up the license he has held since 1978, rather than contest an accusation the Medical Board of California filed in September regarding a former patient’s treatment. The surrender took effect on Wednesday.
While Brock “doesn’t admit any factual allegations,” his attorney Tracy Green said, he elected to surrender his license rather than invest time and money into a hearing.
Under the terms of the agreement, Brock is barred from legally practicing medicine in California for the rest of his life.
Brock retired from medicine in August. Since then, at least 176 women have filed lawsuits alleging that Cedars-Sinai and other facilities where Brock worked knowingly concealed his sexual abuses and misconduct, including medically unjustifiable procedures that at times resulted in lasting physical complications.
Brock has denied all allegations of impropriety. The OB-GYN was a member of the Cedars-Sinai physician network until 2018 and retained his clinical privileges there until mid-2024.
Cedars-Sinai confirmed in July that it suspended Brock’s hospital privileges after receiving “concerning complaints” from former patients. His privileges were terminated a few months later.
“The type of behavior alleged about Dr. Barry Brock is counter to Cedars-Sinai’s core values and the trust we strive to earn every day with our patients,” the medical center said in a statement. “We recognize the legal process must now take its course, and we remain committed to Cedars-Sinai’s sacred healing mission.”
The accusation that led to the surrender of his license focused on a patient who sought treatment in 2018 for a blighted ovum, a form of miscarriage in which the fertilized egg fails to develop into an embryo.
According to the complaint, the patient reported to Brock’s office in September 2018 for a dilation and curettage to remove remaining tissues from her uterus.
Brock ordered the patient to undress in front of him, the complaint stated, and didn’t wear gloves during the procedure, which was done without a chaperone present.
The patient experienced severe pain during the visit and bled for two months afterward, the complaint said, and no follow-up care was provided. When she visited a physician’s assistant in November 2018, the complaint said, she learned that Brock had failed to complete the dilation and curettage successfully, and she had to undergo the process a second time to remove the remaining tissue.
The complaint alleged that Brock didn’t administer sufficient pain medication and failed to properly complete the procedure or follow up with pathology findings.
While Brock’s license surrender resolves this accusation, he still faces the civil lawsuits.
Suits were filed on behalf of 167 women last year, and nine more women sued the former physician earlier this month, alleging that Brock groped their breasts and genitals inappropriately during appointments, often with bare hands, and made sexually harassing comments.
“This is why these civil lawsuits and these women coming forward … are so, so important. He can’t avoid this,” said Lisa Esser, an attorney representing the nine plaintiffs. “He’s going to be held accountable.”
Science
State rescinds suspension efforts for troubled nursing home in Hollywood
The California Public Health Department has dropped efforts to suspend the license of a Hollywood nursing home whose actions were found to have led to two patient deaths in recent years.
Brier Oak on Sunset was among seven Los Angeles County facilities that received notice last month that the state was moving to suspend their licenses.
At the time, the state believed all seven companies had received at least two “AA” violations within the last two years, a spokesperson for the Public Health Department said.
An AA violation is a relatively rare penalty issued for errors that contribute substantially to a resident’s death. California law allows the suspension or revocation of a nursing home’s license once a facility gets two such violations within a 24-month period.
Although Brier Oak received its AA violation notices 22 months apart, the residents’ deaths took place about 26 months apart, state records show.
“We recently determined that Brier Oak’s Notice was based on citation issuance date, not the date of the incidents that gave rise to the citations,” the health department said in a statement. “Therefore, this Notice of Suspension has been rescinded.”
Brier Oak on Sunset didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.
The state investigation found that staff oversights at Brier Oak led to the deaths of two residents in 2022 and 2024.
In August, a patient died after rolling off a bed while her nurse was tending to a different patient, the state said in its citation report, which noted that paramedics found the woman lying on the floor in a pool of blood.
In May 2022, a patient died roughly 50 hours after her admission to Brier Oak. An investigation determined that staff neglected to administer crucial medications, the state said.
In a September 2022 phone interview, the patient’s family member told state investigators that “Resident 1 ‘did not get her medications for two days [from admission] and staff let her die,’” the state wrote in its report. The family member continued: “She did not deserve to die.”
The patient’s family was awarded $1.29 million in arbitration this month after a judge found that the facility was severely understaffed at the time of her arrival and should not have admitted her.
“Respondent’s Facility acted with recklessness in that they knew it was highly probable that their conduct would cause harm, and they knowingly disregarded this risk,” Superior Court Judge Terry A. Green wrote in the interim arbitration award.
License suspension efforts are still proceeding against Antelope Valley Care Center in Lancaster, Ararat Nursing Facility in Mission Hills, Golden Haven Care Center in Glendale, Kei-Ai Los Angeles Healthcare Center in Lincoln Park, Santa Anita Convalescent Hospital in Temple City and Seacrest Post-Acute Care Center in San Pedro.
Attorneys for Ararat said that the suspension was “unwarranted” and that it will be appealing. The other facilities didn’t respond to requests for comment.
Science
A Near-Full ‘Strawberry Moon’ Will Shine Again on Wednesday Night

Night sky observers are being treated this week to a view of a red-tinted full moon — known in June as a “strawberry moon” — a phenomenon that occurs when the moon sits low on the Southern Horizon.
This summer, the reddish color is particularly pronounced because the moon is sitting at the lowest position it will reach for about 19 years.
The strawberry moon’s colorful hues were visible Tuesday night, and it reached its brightest point Wednesday around 4 a.m. Eastern time.
Here’s what it looked like:
Each month’s full moon has a name.
According to folklore, the name “strawberry moon” came from Algonquin Native American tribes to commemorate strawberry gathering season. Another name for the full moon in June is “rose moon,” which may have come from Europe.
“Most of the traditional names we use seem to come from Native American usage, but some are clearly European in origin, like the one in December, called ‘the moon before yule,’ a reference to Christmas,” said James Lattis, a historian of astronomy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
The moon will not sit this low on the Southern Horizon again for about 19 years.
Summer full moons are always low relative to winter full moons in the Northern Hemisphere, and therefore are more reddish in color, Dr. Lattis said. That’s because viewing the moon through the atmosphere gives it a reddish hue, much like the colors visible during a sunrise or sunset, he said.
“If one looks straight up into the sky, there’s less atmosphere,” he said. “If you’re looking through the horizon, you’re looking through the most atmosphere.”
The strawberry moon will still be “visually full” for observers on Wednesday night.
Dr. Lattis said that he had viewed the moon on Tuesday night in Wisconsin, and that it was notable for the pinkish hue it had from smoke in the air from wildfires. He said the sight may not be as dramatic elsewhere.
“I hate to discourage anybody from going out and looking at the moon — it’s a wonderful thing to do, and a lot of times, if you don’t give somebody a reason, they’ll never do it,” he said. “But it’s just another full moon.”
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