Vermont
Final Reading: Vermont’s ‘climate superfund’ comes with complications – VTDigger
Last year, the Vermont Legislature made history by passing the nation’s first “climate superfund” law. This year is about figuring out all of the follow up questions that come with setting precedent.
One piece of that is how much money and time state agencies will actually need to carry out the research the law tasks them with.
Act 122 takes the polluters-pay framework from the federal hazardous waste Superfund and applies it to the costs of climate damages, like flood recovery or harm from extreme heat. Essentially, the law rests on the idea that Vermonters should not be the ones left with the bill for messes caused by climate change. Instead, the multinational oil companies responsible for extracting the fossil fuels driving climate change should be.
But figuring out what those companies are liable for and how much climate damages actually cost is no small order. It relies on the rather-nascent field of climate attribution science, which essentially uses modeling to figure out how likely a weather event would be if greenhouse gas emissions were at pre-industrial levels.
Scientists have gotten really good at doing this for heatwaves, but when it comes to flooding, especially in the unique mountain-valley topography of Vermont, a lot of the research simply doesn’t exist yet, Deputy Treasurer Gavin Boyles told the House Committee on Energy and Digital Infrastructure Friday afternoon.
That’s why the Office of the State Treasurer and the Agency of Natural Resources are asking the Legislature for an extra year to do these assessments and for an additional $825,000 and $675,000, respectively, in order to hire people who can help them assess climate damage costs to Vermont. ANR is also hoping to put a portion of those funds toward hiring an additional attorney to navigate incoming lawsuits.
That brings us to the second piece of this: in December, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and American Petroleum Institute filed a legal challenge.
Among its claims, the lawsuit hinges upon an argument that the federal Clean Air Act preempts Vermont’s law. It cites existing legal precedent that says the Clean Air Act allows the federal Environmental Protection Agency the power to regulate greenhouse gas emissions, not just air pollution.
The fact that this comes as the EPA is acting to dismantle the powers included in the Clean Air Act, leads to “complete cognitive dissonance,” Anthony Iarrapino, an attorney who lobbied for the law’s passage, said in an interview.
Changes at the EPA would not affect the ability of Vermont’s climate superfund to go into effect.
However, those changes might muddle the fossil fuel industry’s argument in the lawsuit “What the Trump administration is doing to weaken the Clean Air Act only strengthens our argument that states have a right to act and fill in where the federal government has retreated,” Iarrapino added.
The lawsuit itself appears to be moving slowly; “I totally thought I’d be subject to depositions and records requests, but I’ve heard nothing,” Legislative Council Michael O’Grady told the House Committee on Energy and Digital Infrastructure. “It’s curious that it’s been pretty silent.”
— Olivia Gieger
In the know
The Vermont Agency of Transportation expects that it will pave about 220 miles of state-owned roads over a yearlong period that ends in June. In the year after that, though, it’s set to pave only about 125 miles, according to the agency’s latest spending plans — a nearly 45% reduction.
That drop has raised concerns among the leaders of the Legislature’s committees on transportation in recent weeks, who said that while the amount the state paves varies each year, the projected change from the 2025 to 2026 fiscal years stands out.
Miles paved over the 2026 fiscal year, which starts this July, would be the lowest since 2020, agency data shows, when the state paved 157 miles of roads it owns and operates.
“We’re in a bad place,” said Sen. Richard Westman, R-Lamoille, who chairs the Senate Transportation Committee.
Read more about the state of the transportation fund here.
— Shaun Robinson
The Green Mountain Care Board unanimously approved a settlement with the University of Vermont Health Network Friday, paving the way for a deal in which the hospital network will pay millions to primary care practices and the state’s largest private insurer, and will fund an outside observer to oversee the hospitals’ spending and operations.
It’s not yet clear who that observer — officially called a “liaison” — will be.
But Mike Smith, a former Secretary of the Agency of Human Services and the Agency of Administration, said in a brief interview Friday that he had had conversations with the board and the health network about the role.
“There’s a process, and let me just say that I’ll let the process play out and see where it leads,” he said. But, he added, “I mean, obviously, if I’m talking to people, I’m interested.”
Read more about the Green Mountain Care Board’s vote here.
— Peter D’Auria
For the second time this legislative session, Gov. Phil Scott vetoed a mid-year spending package Friday over disagreements with lawmakers about Vermont’s motel voucher program.
In his veto letter, the five-term Republican governor rebuked lawmakers for continuing to use the mid-year budget adjustment bill to seek an extension of the voucher program’s winter rules, which ended earlier this week, forcing out hundreds of Vermonters who have been staying in motels.
Read about the veto and the response here.
— Habib Sabet
Visit our 2025 bill tracker for the latest updates on major legislation we are following.
Vermont
Vermont man faces weapons charges after Schenectady traffic stop
SCHENECTADY, N.Y. (WNYT) – A Vermont man is facing weapons charges after a traffic stop in Schenectady.
State Police said on Friday that troopers on Nov. 25 stopped a vehicle on Edison Avenue just before 10:45 a.m. for a traffic violation. The driver, 25-year-old Jayshawn Clemente, allegedly had an illegally possessed loaded handgun with a large capacity ammunition feeding device.
Clemente was charged with three counts of criminal possession of a weapon and traffic violations. He was arraigned in Schenectady City Court and sent to Schenectady County Jail in lieu of bail set at $25,000 cash or $50,000 bond.
Vermont
Here are 5 of this year’s best Christmas light displays in Vermont
Rockefeller Christmas tree lights up in New York City
This year’s tree is 75-foot-tall Norway Spruce from just outside Albany, New York, with a 900 lb Swarovski star.
As December begins, Christmas lights are popping up all across Vermont to welcome the holiday season, bringing joy and brightness to the dark, cold days of winter.
Luckily, if you’re a fan of Christmas lights, you don’t have to go far to see them. Vermont has plenty of professional Christmas light displays ready to dazzle you this season, including everything from a walkthrough at a beautifully lit nature center to a museum full of decorated exhibits with a different theme in each room.
Here are five of the best Christmas light displays to check out in Vermont this holiday season.
Winter Lights at Shelburne Museum
On nights during the holiday season, Shelburne Museum turns into a winter wonderland full of colorful light displays. Each building and garden of the museum’s campus is uniquely decorated, from cascading twinkling lights at Beach Woods to the 220-foot illuminated steamboat “Ticonderoga.”
Those who do not want to walk can enjoy the magic of the lights on specific drive-around nights throughout the season. The museum will also have two gift shops, as well as a cafe with snacks and hot chocolate open until 8 p.m. each night of the light display.
Online tickets cost $15 for adults, $10 for children ages 3-17 or $30 for VIP. Tickets can be purchased in person, but are more expensive and not guaranteed. Drive-around tickets, which must be purchased online, cost $65 per vehicle.
When: 4-8 p.m. Thursday through Sunday from Nov. 21, 2025 through Jan. 4, 2026, plus every day between Dec. 26 and Jan. 1. Drive-around hours offered on Nov. 24-25, Dec. 2-3, Dec. 9-10, Dec. 16-17 and Jan. 5-6. Sensory-friendly nights on Dec. 1 and Dec. 15.
Where: Shelburne Museum, 6000 Shelburne Road, Shelburne
Winter Lights in the Park
This free, family-friendly light display allows guests to walk through lit trees and tunnels in Maple Street Park while holiday music floats through the air. Winter Lights in the Park also doubles as a scavenger hunt for hidden ornaments throughout the decorated trees.
When: 5-8 p.m. daily from Nov. 27, 2025 through Jan. 1, 2026
Where: Maple Street Park, 75 Maple St., Essex Junction
A Forest of Lights
Nature lovers can experience the beautiful Vermont outdoors lit up for the holiday season at the Vermont Institute of Natural Science (VINS) Nature Center in Quechee. A Forest of Lights, the nature center’s holiday light special, is an outdoor walkthrough experience with thousands of lights in exciting displays, including new attractions like the Sparkle Dome, the Dancing Lights Pavilion and Under the Black Light Sea.
When you finish walking through the illuminated forest, hot chocolate and light snacks are available for purchase to enjoy by the campfire.
Tickets cost $15 for adults or $9 for children over three.
When: 4:30-7 p.m. on Thursday through Saturday until Dec. 20, then daily until Jan. 3, 2026
Where: VINS Nature Center, 149 Natures Way, Quechee
Christmas Lights at the Joseph Smith Birthplace
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints celebrates Christmas with an outdoor light display at the birthplace of the church’s founder, Joseph Smith. Over 200,000 colorful lights decorate the grounds of the South Royalton monument.
Visitors can walk or drive along the decorated path for free.
When: 4-9 p.m. daily from Nov. 28, 2025 through Jan. 1, 2026
Where: Joseph Smith Birthplace, 357 Lds Lane, S. Royalton
Spruce Peak Lights Festival
Held for one night only at The Village at Spruce Peak, the Spruce Peak Lights Festival illuminates the ski village and surrounding evergreen trees with thousands of holiday lights.
Other attractions at this event include ice dancing performances, photos with Santa, a complimentary photobooth and a firework show.
When: Saturday, Dec. 20 from noon to 7 p.m. Village lighting at 7 p.m.
Where: Spruce Peak Village, 559 Spruce Peak Road, Stowe
Vermont
Vermont’s top federal prosecutor position remains vacant – Valley News
The U.S. Department of Justice lists the top prosecutor position in Vermont as vacant, but the person who has been running that office for nearly a year said he is running the show.
The situation in Vermont is not unique, and has led to confusion and court cases around the country regarding who is legally carrying out federal law.
Michael Drescher — a longtime federal prosecutor in Vermont — has held the post of acting U.S. attorney for Vermont since President Donald Trump took office in January.
U.S. attorneys are responsible for prosecuting federal crimes and immigration law as well as representing the United States in civil matters.
Drescher’s title changed from “acting” last month but he wasn’t named to the U.S. attorney post on a permanent basis by Trump, which would have required Senate confirmation.
Instead, Drescher is listed as “First Assistant U.S. Attorney” in press releases issued by his office. In an email to VtDigger, Drescher stated, “I am still leading the office.”
He did not respond to a followup email seeking answers to why the change was made, or who made the decision.
The U.S. Department of Justice, headed by U.S. Attorney General Pamela Bondi, did not respond to a request for comment.
“There is a lot of confusion around the use of ‘interim,’ ‘acting’ and ‘first assistant’,” said Carl Tobias, a University of Richmond law professor who tracks U.S. attorney and judicial nominations.
“From my perspective, it’s avoiding what the Constitution requires, which is advice and consent of the Senate,” he said of the naming of U.S. attorneys. “In Trump 2.0 they’ve played fast and loose with that, and this is another example of it.”
Tobias said it’s difficult to say for certain why Trump doesn’t simply nominate a U.S. attorney for Vermont and go through the U.S. Senate confirmation process.
It’s possible, Tobias said, that the president doesn’t want to go through that process or fears that nominee’s confirmation wouldn’t be successful, or that he hasn’t found someone he wants to formally name to the post permanently.
Tobias said he also didn’t know the exact number of times during the Trump administration that an acting U.S. attorney for a federal district has later been named first assistant U.S. attorney to lead an office.
“I can’t tell you how many places this has happened, but it has happened,” he said, adding that many other districts are overseen by either acting or interim U.S. attorneys.
In only about 20 of the 94 federal districts, Tobias said, has a U.S. attorney gone through the U.S. Senate confirmation process during Trump’s current administration.
It’s difficult to determine from the U.S. Department of Justice website exactly how many interim, acting, first assistants and Senate-confirmed U.S. attorneys are leading federal districts.
In addition to Vermont, the only other federal district listed on the website as vacant is the Western District of Pennsylvania. That office, like Vermont’s, is also now headed by a person with the title of first assistant U.S. attorney, according to the website.
The main difference between an acting and interim U.S. attorney revolves around how long a person can stay in the post with that title, Tobias said, with the acting title allowing for a longer period of time.
According to federal law and rules, an interim U.S. attorney can generally serve for 120 days, while an acting U.S. attorney can generally serve for 210 days. There is no such limit for a person serving as first assistant U.S. attorney.
It’s unclear of the exact repercussions if a person stays longer in the post than they are allowed by their title, Tobias said, and whether any cases they oversee could be invalidated.
“It has to be raised and litigated,” Tobias said, adding that there have been cases challenging the authority of specific prosecutors around the country in other federal district courts that had reached varying rulings.
The person holding the first assistant title, he said, is usually the second in command in a U.S. attorney’s office. However, Tobias said, when there is no Senate-confirmed U.S. attorney or acting or interim U.S. attorney for an office, an argument could be made that the first assistant would then be in charge since technically the top post would be vacant.
“I think that’s the kind of fast and loose stuff,” he said.
Sen. Peter Welch, D-Vt., a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee, could not be reached for comment.
During the last Trump administration, Christina Nolan was nominated by the president to serve as the U.S. attorney for Vermont and was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in November 2017. She left the post in 2021 following President Joe Biden’s election.
Nikolas Kerest had served as the U.S. attorney for Vermont throughout most of the Biden administration but resigned in January after Trump was elected president.
This story was republished with permission from VtDigger, which offers its reporting at no cost to local news organizations through its Community News Sharing Project. To learn more, visit vtdigger.org/community-news-sharing-project.
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