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Penn State experts weigh in on the threat posed by box tree moths

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Penn State experts weigh in on the threat posed by box tree moths


Identifying box tree moths

Most adult box tree moths are primarily white, with a border of brown along the edges of their wings. Around 5% are completely brown. Skvarla says they bear a slight resemblance to melonworm moths, which are native to North America, but are otherwise distinctive for our area.

By the time you’re noticing moths, however, the damage may already be done.

“The caterpillar stage is the most damaging stage,” Skvarla said. “It’s the almost mature caterpillars that are doing the majority of feeding. It can kill boxwoods quickly. There are some reports that boxwoods will die within a year of heavy feeding. Part of the problem is the caterpillars, especially in heavy infestations, will strip all of the leaves off of the boxwood. Once they strip the leaves, if they’re still hungry, they’ll start chewing on the bark.”

Boxwoods may be able to recover from damage to their leaves, but once the caterpillars start stripping the bark, entire branches can die off — which can mean death for the plants.

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“Even if they do recover, the shape of the bush is often lost,” Skvarla said. “So there goes the aesthetic value of having them in ornamental planting.”

The caterpillars are lime green with yellow, white and black stripes running along each side.

But the easiest way to identify them, Skvarla says, may be simply to keep an eye on your boxwoods.

“There are no other caterpillar pests on boxwood in North America,” Skvarla said. “So if you find a caterpillar on boxwoods, it’s a pretty good guess that it’s going to be a box tree moth.”

Dealing with box tree moths

Unlike with spotted lanternflies, Skvarla doesn’t recommend stomping any and all caterpillars or moths that you think might be box trees.

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“Most times, private homeowners are going to be aware of infestations because of the damage they see to their boxwoods, not because of the moths that they’re seeing flying around,” he said. “So if your boxwood is really damaged, that’s the time to start going, ‘Well, maybe this is a box tree moth. I should look further, look for caterpillars, maybe look for moths.’”

The first step for anyone who suspects they might have an infestation is to monitor their boxwoods, says Patricia Prade, an entomologist with Penn State Extension who specializes in controlling pests and invasive species.

“You need to know if you have this insect,” Prade said. “So you need to constantly check if you see any larvae.”

One way to confirm whether or not you have an infestation is to purchase pheromone traps geared specifically toward box tree moths.

Prade says there are a few options for curbing box tree moths. Her first suggestion is to simply pluck them off, or trim away the infested areas.

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“If you’re a homeowner, for example, and you see some caterpillars, you can handpick them and kill them easily,” she said. “It can be challenging if you have a lot of plants infested, but if you have just a couple, you can cut a branch or something like that. That’s very targeted, right? It’s a very good way to control them fast and not to just spray chemicals on the environment.”

Because box tree moths are so new, Prade says, studies are still being done to find out what chemicals are most effective against them while being the least damaging to other life. In the meantime, she says, homeowners can seek out pesticides targeted toward caterpillars, which are likely to kill box tree moths.



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Pennsylvania

1 upset stands out in mostly predictable Pennsylvania state, local judicial races

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1 upset stands out in mostly predictable Pennsylvania state, local judicial races


Battista had unsuccessfully run for the court before in 2023, gaining just 24% of the vote in the general election. This year, she picked up 54% of the primary vote.

Battista currently works for Judge Government Services, a consulting firm, and has previously served as assistant general counsel in both the Pennsylvania Departments of Health and State under administrations of both Republican Tom Corbett and Democrat Tom Wolf.

The Superior Court is a second appellate court and handles the vast majority of appeals arising from criminal and civil cases.

Battista will now face off against the lone Democratic candidate, Brandon P. Neuman, currently a judge on the Washington County Court of Common Pleas who served four terms in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He also earned a “highly recommended” rating from the bar association.

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Municipal Court

In the Democratic primary election for Philadelphia Municipal Court, Amanda Davidson, Sherrie Cohen and Cortez Patton will move forward to the general election, after taking the top three spots in a five-way race. Davidson was the sole candidate rated “recommended” by the Philadelphia Bar Association and was endorsed by the Philadelphia Democratic Party and Working Families Party.

The Temple University law graduate is currently a trial attorney at Fine, Staud and Levy, where she represents clients in cases involving workplace injuries, car accidents and slip-and-falls. No Republicans ran for their party’s nomination.

Court of Common Pleas

Voters were instructed to select up to nine candidates for the Democratic nomination to the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas, out of a total of 10 who were on the ballot. Democrats chose Will Braveman, Irina Ehrlich, Larry Farnese, Kia Ghee, Sarah Jones, Leon A. King II, Brian Kisielewski, Anthony Stefanski and Deborah Watson-Stokes.

In a statement, the Philadelphia Bar Association was quick to note that all nine were “recommended” by its Commission on Judicial Selection and Retention.

“For the fourth election in a row, only judicial candidates for the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas rated ‘recommended’” by the bar “won positions on November’s general election ballot,” the association announced.

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No Republicans ran for their party’s nomination.



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‘Not your childhood BB guns’: Pa. legislator considers air rifles for big game hunting

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‘Not your childhood BB guns’: Pa. legislator considers air rifles for big game hunting


Pennsylvania hunters one day may have the option to use an air rifle instead of a centerfire rifle to hunt big game.

Rep. Gary W. Day, a Republican from Lehigh County, sent a memo on May 7 to his fellow House members seeking co-sponsors for legislation that “would authorize the use of large caliber air rifles for hunting big game in Pennsylvania. This measure is designed to modernize our hunting laws and broaden opportunities for sportsmen and women, particularly those interested in emerging air-powered technologies. We will join 29 other states where this means of hunting is currently legal.”

He wrote, “Air rifles have evolved significantly in recent years. Modern large caliber air rifles are capable of achieving the velocity and energy required for ethical big game hunting — these are not your childhood BB guns.

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“This change will offer numerous benefits, including attracting new hunters, increasing opportunity, supporting hunting traditions and promoting conservation. With proper legislation and oversight, we can responsibly integrate air rifles into Pennsylvania’s wildlife management framework while maintaining public safety and environmental stewardship.”

Day did not respond to interview requests about his proposal.

Air guns, in calibers from .177 to .22, are already permitted for small game in Pennsylvania, but not for big game hunting like for deer or bears.

While the technology continues to improve, air guns are not new to the hunting community. Air rifles have been used for hunting for more than 200 years in the United States. The National Park Service reports that Meriwether Lewis of the Lewis & Clark National Historic Trail carried a gun in the early 1800s that used compressed air from a tank instead of gunpowder to fire a bullet.

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Today, air rifles have been refined. Perry Henley, a buyer for Dunkelberger’s Sports Outfitter in Stroudsburg and Brodheadsville, said they have been selling air rifles for years to people and believes the new models are an ethical option for hunters to consider. The largest caliber they have in stock is a .25 caliber which can be used for small game.

There are pre-charged pneumatic rifles that use cylinders filled with compressed air to launch pellets down range at speeds that make them an ethical option for hunters.

When asked about why a hunter would choose an air rifle over a centerfire rifle that uses gunpowder, Henley said there are several advantages to air guns.

“They’re certainly quieter. The technology is there that they still have enough power that they will do the job properly for larger game,” he said. 

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 “I wouldn’t be afraid to use one in place of a high-powered rifle myself.”

If there’s a demand by for larger calibers, Henley said, their stores will start carrying them. “If we have people who are interested in them, we’ll certainly stock them.”

He said in addition to air guns being quieter than centerfire rifles, they also have less recoil which is attractive to some shooters as well.

Pyramid Adventures in Recreation sells air rifles online and offers a caliber-by-caliber breakdown for hunting. According to the company’s website, .30 caliber air rifles are best for hunting small antelope and deer up to 75 pounds. A .357 caliber rifle is best for feral hogs, bighorn sheep and mountain goats weighing up to 250 pounds. A .45 caliber air rifle is best for large antelope, bear and mule deer weighing up to 500 pounds and a .50 caliber air gun can be used for elk, moose and bison. The company recommends keeping shots at game animals to under 75 yards away.

The Pennsylvania Game Commission doesn’t have a stance on air-guns for big game hunting.

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“Air guns for big game presently is prohibited by the Game and Wildlife Code. Once the legislation has been introduced, staff here will review it. We expect to take a position on it at that time,” Travis Lau, Communications Director for the agency, said through an email.

Brian Whipkey is the outdoors columnist for USA TODAY Network sites in Pennsylvania. Contact him at bwhipkey@gannett.com and sign up for our weekly Go Outdoors PA newsletter email on this website’s homepage under your login name. Follow him on Facebook @whipkeyoutdoors.



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This Restaurant Makes The Best Burger In PA, Popular Food Website Says

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This Restaurant Makes The Best Burger In PA, Popular Food Website Says


PENNSYLVANIA — Bar Hygge in Philadelphia serves the best burger in Pennsylvania, according to a report from Chowhound, a website for food aficionados or, alternatively, food nerds.

The list titled “The Hands Down Best Burger in Every Single US State” features a variety of preparation methods. It was released just in time for National Hamburger Day, which is Wednesday, May 28.

There’s no one way to prepare a burger. Even those claiming to be “classic” burgers have major differences, especially in the toppings.

To find the best burgers among what the research firm IBS World estimates are more than 80,000 burger joints and restaurants across the country, Chowhound looked first at restaurants that excel in both classic and creative burger preparations. The process also included taste testing, online research, and outreach on local social media communities and to trusted contacts in the restaurant and food media industries.

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Here’s what Chowhound liked about the burgers at Bar Hygge:

This Philadelphia Brewery might not specialize in the burger, but its standalone “Hygge Burger,” with both ground chuck ad brisket beef, sharp cheddar, bibb lettuce, red onion, garlic-dill pickles and special “Hygge Sauce” on a brioche bun. Take it to the next level by adding bacon or a fried egg, or go vegetarian with a patty made with mushroom and barley, topped with homemade bread-and-butter pickles and cabbage slaw.

Bar Hygge, pronounced “hyoo-guh,” is located at 1720 Fairmount Ave. Hygge is a Danish word that means “a quality of coziness and comfortable conviviality that engenders a feeling of contentment or well-being.”

It touts 4.6 stars out of 601 reviews on Google.

“Food was great, drinks were great, amazing staff, just everything,” one reviewer said. “I had the Lovechild & Mango Mint Sangria cocktails, and the Hygge Burger with Crab Fries and everything was *chef’s kiss*.”

“Burger was amazing,” another wrote. “I also got the Trippy IPA. Probably the best IPA I’ve had. Hope it stays on the menu. Can’t wait to visit again.”

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“Absolutely excellent every single time,” someone wrote in their review. “Classy, beautiful and cozy but not pretentious.”

Bar Hygge serves beer from Brewery Techne, which is located in the same space as the restaurant, and also operates as a bottle shop for the brews.

In addition to the lauded burger, the menu features various boards for grazing, including a chicken liver mousse board, a brussels sprouts board, and a crispy rice salmon nigiri board.

Oysters, fries, fried chicken, salads, and desserts also grace the menu.

Check out the full menu online here.

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The full 50-state list offers some intriguing takes on what is widely regarded as America’s favorite sandwich. Some are made with grass-fed wagyu beef, others with ground turkey, and still more with salmon and other critters. Some may not contain meat at all. Cheeses vary from classic American to blue cheese to goat cheese.

In Hawaii, the Honolulu Burger Co. presents the “Alpha Elvis,” which has bacon, banana and peanut butter, or the “Loco-Moco,” made with Spam, bacon, an egg, and mushroom gravy.

And then there’s Mike Duffy’s in St. Louis, Missouri, whose offerings include the award-winning Cajun burger with hot jalapeños and Cajun aioli or the fully customizable and vegetarian black bean and quinoa burger. The restaurant also allows substitutions of bison or salmon.

“Whether you’re a burger traditionalist or an avant-garde burger consumer, the restaurants on this lineup will have a solid option for both schools of thought,” Chowhound’s Jane Godiner wrote.

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