A white-paneled truck sat immobile and idling in Midtown on a latest morning, its driver wrapped up in his telephone and oblivious to what was occurring exterior.

There on the street, Paul Slapikas was stalking his prey. Wire-thin and 81 years outdated, Mr. Slapikas stood in entrance of the truck like a misplaced vacationer, a digital camera dangling round his neck and a map protruding of his jacket pocket. He seemed to be deep in dialog on an outdated flip-phone — massive hand gestures, a peek at a watch, a crane of the neck like he’s searching for a buddy.

After precisely three minutes and 10 seconds, Mr. Slapikas — a lifelong New Yorker who lives just a few miles away in Queens — snapped the telephone shut, tapped the display of his watch and walked away. If the whole lot goes because it ought to, he simply earned $87.50, and possibly extra, for these couple of minutes of time, and the corporate that owns the truck will obtain a fantastic of a minimum of $350 that it by no means noticed coming. However for now, Mr. Slapikas is off down the block, a bounty hunter jauntily searching for his subsequent goal.

“Straightforward pickings,” mentioned the previous marine and retired pc specialist from Woodside.

It is a scene from town’s benign-sounding however typically raucous Residents Air Grievance Program, a public well being marketing campaign that invitations — and pays — folks to report vehicles which can be parked and idling for greater than three minutes, or one minute if exterior a college. Those that report gather 25 % of any fantastic in opposition to a truck by submitting a video simply over 3 minutes in size that reveals the engine is working and the title of the corporate on the door.

This system has vastly elevated the variety of complaints of idling vehicles despatched to town, from only a handful earlier than its creation in 2018 to greater than 12,000 final yr. A few of these complaints flip menacing when truck drivers react.

“I am going out considering I’m going to get assaulted,” mentioned Ernest Welde, 47, an environmental lawyer. “I’ve had my luggage stolen by truck drivers. I’ve been bodily assaulted. I’ve needed to name the police a few instances.”

One other man, Eric Eisenberg, had an identical expertise throughout city final yr. An Amazon driver and two colleagues seen Mr. Eisenberg pointing his telephone’s digital camera at their idling truck, knocked him to the bottom and held him down, based on a lawsuit Mr. Eisenberg filed in January.

“Yeah, it’s like that, papa,” one of many males mentioned, based on the lawsuit.

Idling autos in the US are believed to collectively expel hundreds of thousands of tons of carbon dioxide a yr, and researchers have estimated that eliminating extreme idling from private autos alone would have an identical impression to taking 5 million of the nation’s 250 million vehicles off the streets.

A number of states have legal guidelines in opposition to extreme idling, however few have citizen-outsourcing packages like New York Metropolis.

This system and the elevated curiosity in submitting complaints have introduced a brand new sport of cat and mouse to town’s streets, as citizen reporters prowl searching for idling vehicles and drivers, maybe stung by previous fines, are more and more cautious of individuals with cameras. New ranges of stealth have come into play, like Mr. Slapikas’ vacationer disguise.

The digital camera round his neck has no movie. The flip telephone doesn’t work. They’re distractions from what is basically happening, which he requested not be defined intimately and thus revealed to the truck drivers — suffice it to say it includes an iPhone that he’s not holding in his palms whereas it information. And many fake calls on the flip telephone.

If this all appears like numerous bother for 1 / 4 minimize of a $350 fantastic, contemplate this: Mr. Slapikas mentioned he pulled in $64,000 in rewards in 2021 for merely paying consideration on his each day walks for train: “I’d count on to get three a day with out even trying.”

He’s one in all about 20 or so busy citizen reporters who collectively submit some 85 % of the complaints to town, a knowledge evaluation discovered final yr. They rely of their quantity a pediatrician, a number of attorneys and a retired police detective. The free group trades ideas and tales, calls itself Idling Warriors and recordsdata lots of of complaints monthly. The pandemic, and town’s elevated reliance on deliveries, has solely introduced extra work.

The town paid greater than $724,000 in bounties final yr alone, and $1.1 million since 2019. For its share, town collected $2.4 million in fines final yr, up 24 % from when this system started in earnest three years in the past.

And but, a number of citizen reporters mentioned in interviews that creaking forms, loopholes, waivers and a seeming disinterest in issuing growing numbers of fines has left untold penalties uncollected.

For each fantastic it points, town’s Division of Environmental Safety, which runs this system, appears to wave away others for causes that, to the reporters, appear arbitrary: The title of the corporate just isn’t legible on the truck door, regardless that the license plate would reveal the proprietor. The truck’s engine isn’t clearly audible on the video, even when smoke may be seen popping out of the exhaust pipe.

Mr. Welde, the lawyer, mentioned he filed some 2,000 complaints final yr and that almost all have but to be processed.

“I’ve made town most likely near $800,000 in income they usually’re simply leaving it on the desk in the event that they don’t get workers to get in there and get experiences finished,” he mentioned.

A deputy commissioner with the division, Angela Licata, mentioned the system remains to be evolving and hopefully bettering, however that the strict necessities for submitting a criticism are essential to efficiently prosecute that declare in court docket later.

“We can also respect that these people are spending numerous time and power on this,” she mentioned. “We don’t need them to turn out to be annoyed.”

She mentioned a workers of 14 handles the regular tide of complaints the place, earlier than this system, it was one particular person’s occasional process.

Extreme idling has been unlawful because the Seventies, and town unveiled a renewed anti-idling program in 2020 with the kitschy endorsement of, sure, Billy Idol, the spiky-haired rock star of “Insurgent Yell” and “White Wedding ceremony” fame. “Billy By no means Idles,” went the tagline.

By then, the citizen reporting program had been quietly up and working for over a yr. Mr. Welde, the environmental lawyer, remembers one dramatic confrontation earlier in his reporting. He was filming a truck — “United Refrigeration,” he mentioned — and the driving force seen and shut it off, however when Mr. Welde started to stroll away, he turned it again on. Mr. Welde resumed filming.

“He went from zero to 100 and began taking his shirt off and his watch and began chasing me,” he mentioned. “I ran.”

Mr. Welde mentioned he was keen about bettering the air high quality earlier than the reward program, however referred to as it an incredible incentive. “The cash, it’s superior,” he mentioned. If his unprocessed complaints from final yr result in fines, he expects to earn $200,000 to $225,000, he mentioned.

Making the video is the straightforward a part of the criticism. “Now the work begins,” Mr. Slapikas mentioned. Movies and pictures should be compressed and time-stamped and accompanied by display pictures of the figuring out data. Initially, a notary’s signature was required, however as we speak, a sworn assertion from the reporter is enough.

There’s extra work: It’s the accountability of the citizen reporters, after submitting their complaints, to trace them via the system of summonses and court docket hearings. Many are shocked to study that it’s also their accountability to find out whether or not a truck is a repeat offender, and due to this fact liable for a bigger fantastic — and the reporter a bigger bounty. The reporters mentioned they spend hours combing via open knowledge information to see if vehicles have been cited earlier than — and marvel why town doesn’t do that within the first place.

Ms. Licata mentioned the division is trying into figuring out repeat offenders itself, and presumably elevating their fines.

The reporters are additionally answerable for requesting their rewards months later, as soon as they’ve realized {that a} fantastic was paid. The town doesn’t pay the reporters routinely.

The assorted hurdles are maybe why the quantity of people that often take care of them is barely about 20. One Manhattan lawyer who has filed many complaints mentioned he believes most individuals who file only one quit.

The fun of the hunt stays. “Your adrenaline will get so pumped up since you may anytime get assaulted by this particular person,” Mr. Welde mentioned. “I’ve a file with simply assaults on my pc.”

Nonetheless, he tells his pals about this system. “Everybody I say this to is like, ‘That’s superior, I need to do it,’ and nobody does it,” he mentioned. Likewise, Mr. Slapikas mentioned his circle confirmed little curiosity: “They don’t have the motivation to do it themselves — it’s a full-time job.”

In Midtown, Mr. Slapikas approached an idling truck as if it had been a skittish animal, bending to position his palm to the exhaust pipe and ensure its engine was working.

“They are saying the streets are paved with gold,” he mentioned. He began his video, capturing the license plate, and slowly made his option to the entrance so he may document the engine noise. He started talking into his prop telephone; had somebody handed by, they may have heard him reciting Shakespeare: “Now’s the winter of our discontent …”

In a single truck that Mr. Slapikas recorded sat a driver named Jason Rodriguez. Had he seen? “By no means,” he mentioned moments later, after Mr. Slapikas had left. He turned off his engine. “Thanks for the heads up,” he mentioned, including that his boss has warned concerning the criticism program prior to now. “He mentioned it ain’t honest.”