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Opinion: Why the US should investigate Russian aggression in Ukraine as genocide

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Opinion: Why the US should investigate Russian aggression in Ukraine as genocide

Whereas President Joe Biden has spoken overtly about Russian struggle crimes, his administration has responded extra cautiously to any references of genocide in Ukraine. And rightly so; genocide is a fancy authorized idea, which many specialists take into account tough to use and broadly misused.

Genocide has usually been described because the “crime of crimes” and a United Nations Particular Rapporteur on the topic has known as it “the gravest violation of human rights it’s attainable to commit.” Genocide is among the most well known crimes beneath worldwide legislation and seen as a marker of a descent into barbarism.
Legally, genocide, is outlined by a 1948 UN treaty “as against the law dedicated with the intent to destroy a nationwide, ethnic, racial or spiritual group, in complete or partially.”

Opposite to standard understandings of the time period, discovering a scenario to be genocide doesn’t essentially imply there may be an amazing variety of victims. It isn’t solely the severity or brutality of atrocities that defines genocide, however the diploma to which violence and repression expresses the intent to destroy a gaggle.

On this manner, by contemplating the struggle in Ukraine by way of the lens of genocide, we might higher discover the underlying patterns and objective of Russia’s brutal violence and assist Ukraine make the case for accountability.

One of many justifications Russian chief Vladimir Putin introduced within the run as much as the invasion of Ukraine was the thought there is no such thing as a authentic state representing the Ukrainian individuals’s proper to self-determination. In a February 21 speech, Putin defined “since time immemorial, the individuals dwelling within the southwest of what has traditionally been Russian land have known as themselves Russians and Orthodox Christians.” He went on to explain trendy Ukraine as a false development, presenting these supporting Ukrainian sovereignty as terrorists and neo-Nazis.
Given this rhetoric, together with Russia’s army actions and what UN officers have described as focusing on of civilians, the time period genocide might nicely apply to what we’re seeing in Ukraine. The designation of a genocide in Ukraine can be applicable if there was sufficient proof to exhibit Russia’s atrocities specific a purposeful effort to disclaim the existence of the Ukrainian individuals.
Whereas it’s too early at current to make this willpower with certainty, the US ought to rigorously examine the difficulty. It’s value noting one of the vital vital types of help to Ukraine by the US and allies is sharing intelligence gathered on Russian army actions, which can nicely present perception into underlying intent. This previous week, German intelligence intercepted Russian communications on the purposeful focusing on and killing Ukrainian civilians.

The idea of genocide has particular salience in a few of the nations that emerged from Soviet management within the post-Chilly Warfare period. A number of nations have drafted genocide legal guidelines that outline the crime in a extra expansive method than the worldwide definition.

Estonia, for instance, has a home legislation that acknowledges genocide towards a gaggle “resisting occupation.” In 2019, the European Courtroom of Human Rights upheld a judgment by Lithuanian courts through which a Soviet operative was discovered responsible of genocide towards the Lithuanian individuals based mostly on a equally extra expansive nationwide legislation. And, amongst students, there may be widespread help for the thought when nationwide teams had been included within the Genocide Conference’s definition of the crime, this was accomplished to guard collectivities very very like the Ukrainians from actors in search of to disclaim their proper to exist.

It is usually essential discussions of genocide in Ukraine concentrate on problems with prevention and a discount of civilian casualties. The 1948 treaty on the topic known as The Conference on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide and was created in direct response to the horrors of the Holocaust.

The treaty was envisioned as mechanism for mobilizing worldwide motion to forestall future genocides from occurring, echoing the ethical dedication of the phrase, “By no means once more.” Whereas the doc supplies minimal steerage as to precisely what coverage responses are required, the US and different states which have ratified the treaty are obligated to behave to forestall genocide.

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For these causes, the Biden administration ought to current clear public statements it takes the allegations of genocide in Ukraine severely and may set up a particular physique to evaluation Russia’s atrocities. By contemplating whether or not the struggle in Ukraine quantities to a genocide, we might higher perceive the intent of Russian aggression, justify elevated safety for civilians, and set the stage for future efforts at accountability.

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2 Dartmouth fraternity members and a sorority have been charged in death of a student

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2 Dartmouth fraternity members and a sorority have been charged in death of a student

A bicyclist passes a college tour group outside the Baker Library at Dartmouth College, April 7, 2023, in Hanover, N.H.

Charles Krupa/AP


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Charles Krupa/AP

Two members of a Dartmouth College fraternity and a sorority have been charged in the death of a student who was found dead in a river over the summer after attending an off-campus party where alcohol was allegedly served to people who were under 21.

Won Jang, a 20-year-old who was a student at the college and a member of the Beta Alpha Omega fraternity, attended a party off campus in July held by Alpha Phi, a sorority, the Hanover Police Department in New Hampshire said in a statement Friday. The department said Jang and most of the other attendees were under 21 years old and drinking alcohol that was bought and served by Beta Alpha Omega members who were over 21.

After the party, several attendees decided to go for a swim in the Connecticut River, but when a heavy rainstorm occurred many of them left in groups.

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“No one in these groups noticed that Jang was unaccounted for. It was confirmed via multiple interviews, to include Jang’s family, that he could not swim,” Hanover police said in a statement.

An autopsy report later determined that Jang’s cause of death was drowning, according to police. His blood alcohol level was .167, the department said. That amount is more than twice the state’s legal amount allowed for drivers 21 and older.

Jang was an undergraduate student from Middletown, Delaware studying biomedical engineering and was a student mentor, according to The Dartmouth. Scott Brown, dean of the college, said Jang “wholeheartedly embraced opportunities at Dartmouth to pursue his academic and personal passions,” according to the paper.

Two members of Beta Alpha Omega fraternity were each charged with a misdemeanor for providing alcohol to persons under 21 years old. The Alpha Phi sorority was also charged with a misdemeanor violation of facilitating an underage alcohol house, the police also said.

Neither Alpha Phi nor Beta Alpha Omega responded to a request for comment.

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Dartmouth College said both the Alpha Phi chapter on campus and Beta Alpha Omega were “immediately suspended” after Jang’s death and an internal investigation was launched. The suspensions are still in effect “pending the results of Dartmouth’s internal investigation and conduct process” that the college said is still underway.

“Dartmouth has long valued the contributions that Greek organizations bring to the student experience, when they are operating within their stated values and standards,” the college said in a statement to NPR. “These organizations, as well as all Dartmouth students and community members, have a responsibility to ensure Dartmouth remains a safe, respectful, equitable, and inclusive community for students, faculty, and staff.”

The college also said that because of federal law it “cannot comment on individual disciplinary matters.”

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US retailers stretch out Black Friday deals to lure flagging shoppers

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US retailers stretch out Black Friday deals to lure flagging shoppers

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US retailers are extending their one-day seasonal Black Friday discount offers into a sales event lasting weeks in a bid to tempt US consumers to keep spending, as data suggests that their spree which has driven economic growth is beginning to falter.

Walmart, Amazon, Target and Macy’s are among the US retailers already offering deep discounts under the banner of Black Friday, long before it actually arrives this week.

Despite this, general merchandise unit sales were down 3 per cent year-on-year in the week ending 16 November according to data from Circana, which compiles retail point-of-sale data.

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The National Retail Federation forecasts that winter holiday sales will reach almost $1tn in the US in November and December, a record $902 a head. But the rate of spending growth is expected to be about 2.5-3.5 per cent, the slowest since 2018.

“We’re seeing this drag-out of incentives to try to widen the window within which [retailers] can draw more consumers,” said Gregory Daco, chief economist at adviser EY Parthenon. “The likely reality in this holiday season is that we see fairly subdued sales because volumes are growing, but at a moderate pace — and [retailers have] much less pricing power.”

Retailers were “incentivising via discounts and different forms of promotions” for those at the lower end of the income spectrum while also “trying to grab higher-income individuals to make purchases during this wider window”, he said.

Although headline inflation has ebbed from the historic highs of the past couple of years, consumers “remain extremely frustrated by the persistence of high prices”, the University of Michigan said this week in a monthly survey.

Consumer spending has been the main driver of America’s robust economic growth in recent months. But consumer confidence is still well below the long-run average, sentiment surveys show.

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The prospect of a fresh round of tariffs under Donald Trump’s incoming presidency raises the risk that inflation could take off again, economists have warned — posing a fresh drag on sentiment.

“Donald Trump’s return to the White House with a Republican majority [probably leads] to higher inflation, slower GDP growth and increased budget deficits,” Roland Fumasi, food and agribusiness analyst at Rabobank, said in a note.

If Trump increases tariffs, that would “lead to a rebound in inflation and a slowdown in economic growth”, he said.

“The negative impact on growth could be mitigated by tax cuts and deregulation by a Republican Congress. However, this would increase the budget deficit and reinforce inflation, especially in combination with reduced immigration,” he added.

Black Friday is one of the busiest times of year for consumer goods stores, and the period between Thanksgiving and Cyber Monday — the Monday following the holiday, when electronics vendors discount goods — is critical to retailers’ annual revenue.

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NRF chief economist Jack Kleinhenz said that households’ finances were in “good shape”, offering “an impetus for strong spending heading into the holiday season”, although “households will spend more cautiously”.

Brian Cornell, Target chief executive, told analysts this week that consumers were becoming “increasingly resourceful” in the way that they shopped, “focusing on deals and then stocking up when they find them”.

The store group, which disappointed Wall Street this week by forecasting flat sales in the fourth quarter, ran a three-day “Early Black Friday” promotion in early November. On Thursday it launched a promotion titled “Black Friday deals” which will last to the end of the month, including items such as half-price Christmas trees and headphones.

Walmart, the world’s largest retailer, launched the first of two week-long “Black Friday Deals” events on November 11. The second will begin on Monday, offering markdowns on televisions, iPhones, toys and jeans, among other items.

Amazon’s “Black Friday Week” began on Thursday. Home Depot’s “Black Friday Savings” offer lasts from November 7 to December 4.

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Additional reporting by Will Schmitt in New York and Madeleine Speed in London

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Two killed and one injured as plane crashes in Colorado mountain range

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Two killed and one injured as plane crashes in Colorado mountain range

Two people were killed and one was injured after a Civil Air Patrol plane crashed near Storm Mountain in Colorado.

Authorities responded to a report of a plane crash roughly 80 miles north of Denver shortly after 11 a.m. on Saturday, the Larimer County Sheriff’s Office said.

Emergency crews and deputies found three passengers on board. Two were confirmed dead while the third was transported to a local hospital with severe injuries, the sheriff’s office said.

The plane belonged to the Thompson Valley Composite Squadron of the Civil Air Patrol, a civilian auxiliary of the US Air Force. The plane, which the National Transportation Safety Board identified as a Cessna 182, was conducting a routine aerial photography training mission when the incident occurred, Colorado Civil Air Patrol confirmed.

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Pilot Susan Wolber and aerial photographer Jay Rhoten lost their lives in the crash while co-pilot Randall Settergren suffered injuries, the state’s Governor Jared Polis announced Saturday.

Aerial photos show the wreckage from the crash

Aerial photos show the wreckage from the crash (Fox31 Denver)

These individuals “served the Civil Air Patrol as volunteers who wanted to help make Colorado a better, safer place for all. The State of Colorado is grateful for their commitment to service and it will not be forgotten,” the governor said.

The sheriff’s office is still working on recovery operations, which it expects will take several days “due to the extreme, rugged terrain,” authorities said. An investigation into the crash is also ongoing.

Major General Laura Clellan, the Adjutant General of Colorado of the state’s department of Military and Veterans Affairs, also issued a statement in the wake of the tragedy.

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“The volunteers of Civil Air Patrol are a valuable part of the Department of Military and Veterans Affairs, and the lifesaving work they do on a daily basis directly contributes to the public safety of Coloradans throughout the state,” she said. “Our thoughts and deepest condolences are with the families of those involved in the crash. I would also like to thank all of the first responders who assisted with rescue efforts.”

Colorado Civil Air Patrol missions “range from search-and-rescue of lost hikers or hunters, location of downed aircraft, and transport of emergency personnel or medical materials,” the statement said.

Loveland Fire Rescue Authority, Thompson Valley EMS, UCHealth LifeLine, Larimer County Parks Rangers, Loveland Police Department, the United States Forest Service, and the Colorado Air National Guard also assisted with the incident response.

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