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North Dakota bill requiring inmates to serve 85% of prison time draws heated, lengthy debate

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North Dakota bill requiring inmates to serve 85% of prison time draws heated, lengthy debate


BISMARCK — A North Dakota bill that would ensure defendants serve at least 85% of their sentences drew hours of impassioned testimony and debate over whether it would deter crime and promote public safety or simply crowd prisons at a high cost.

Over the course of several hours, the North Dakota Senate Judiciary Committee heard testimony Tuesday, Jan. 21, and Wednesday for and against

Senate Bill 2128.

Attorney General Drew Wrigley

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proposed the legislation,

which would require offenders to serve 85% of their sentence before they qualify for release, also known as “truth in sentencing.”

It also would ensure sentences for resisting arrest, simple assault on a peace officer and fleeing are served on top of other crimes. The minimum sentence for resisting arrest would be 14 days in jail, while assault and fleeing would get at least 30 days.

North Dakota Attorney General Drew Wrigley meets with area reporters at The Forum on March 4, 2024.

Chris Flynn / The Forum

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The bill is Wrigley’s

second attempt in as many legislative sessions

to set minimum sentences. Language has been cut back from the bill in 2023, which went through a whirlwind of changes before its ultimate defeat.

The main difference is the 85% rule, which Wrigley said would create across-the-board reform.

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“Senate Bill 2128 offers you the opportunity to right this wrong, which has evolved over years, and to bring truth to sentencing transparency,” he said.

Testimony got lengthy and heated, mostly on Wednesday when opponents of the bill spoke. Studies suggest minimum and truth in sentencing laws do little to reduce crime.

“It’s just a failed policy,” said Travis Finck, executive director for the North Dakota Commission on Legal Counsel for Indigents.

It’s unclear how much the bill will cost, as amendments are expected to reduce initial estimates.

The bill would eliminate parole eligibility for every North Dakota prisoner, said North Dakota Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Director Colby Braun. Only those who do not get early release for good behavior and exceed 85% would qualify, he said.

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“It ignores research and places the fiscal burden on taxpayers by focusing solely on prison capacity while eliminating reentry opportunities for most adults in custody,” Braun said.

Time not served behind bars

Crime has increased over the years, Wrigley said in arguing that his bill would hold those who confront law enforcement accountable. Fleeing, resisting and assault on officers often is served concurrently with other offenses, he said.

“It is a freebie, and it is a slap in the face to every man and woman who wears a uniform in this state that has watched misconduct toward them increase over the last decade or more,” Wrigley said. “All our legislation asks is for that to not be a freebie.”

The North Dakota Chiefs of Police Association and North Dakota Peace Officers Association supported the bill.

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Bismarck Police Deputy Chief Jason Stugelmeyer said he has noticed a dramatic increase in officer assaults since 2020. He said the streets are more violent than when he started policing 24 years ago because people are not afraid to confront officers.

A bald, uniformed police officer speaks. Behind him, an American flag drapes in front of a Bismarck police backdrop.

Bismarck Police Department Deputy Chief Jason Stugelmeyer speaks to members of the media Tuesday, March 5, 2024.

Darren Gibbins / The Bismarck Tribune

“Thank God, it’s not serious most of the time, but it’s crazy,” he said. “I sometimes hear we can’t arrest our way out of it, and maybe some of that is true, but we need a deterrent.”

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Fleeing law enforcement also has increased significantly, Stugelmeyer said.

Finck noted Bismarck has a limited chase policy. Defendants know if they flee at a high rate of speed, police will terminate the chase in some instances, he said.

That suggests suspects flee because they think they will not get caught, not because they know they will not be punished.

The public thinks there is “truth in sentencing,” but defendants are serving a fraction of their punishments behind bars, Wrigley said.

“There is precious little predictability,” he said. “Forget about truth in sentencing.”

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Truth in sentencing is needed to ensure punishments are being served, Assistant Burleigh County State’s Attorney Dennis Ingold said. Among several examples, he noted that a defendant he prosecuted got a two-year sentence for bringing drugs from Michigan to North Dakota.

The defendant only served 55 days behind bars, Ingold said. That included 20 days in jail the defendant served while awaiting sentencing, the prosecutor said. The defendant spent 35 days in prison before being moved to a halfway house, Ingold noted.

012125.N.FF.MinSentence

Assistant Burleigh County State’s Attorney Dennis Ingold testifies in favor of Senate Bill 2128 during a hearing Tuesday, Jan. 21, 2025, before the Senate Judiciary Committee at the North Dakota Capitol in Bismarck.

Brad Nygaard / The Bismarck Tribune

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“If you look at true days served, that’s 7.5%,” Ingold said.

The DOCR would count the amount of time served as 50%, since he served six months in the halfway house plus early release time for good behavior, Ingold said.

“I know the argument is going to be that these are outliers, but these are real cases,” he said.

Data from the DOCR suggests the average time an inmate serves at one of its facilities is 50%, but that includes prison and transitional centers.

Early releases happen because North Dakota does not have a minimum standard for how much time must be spent behind bars, Ingold said.

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“From a prosecutor’s perspective, we are using up a lot of resources prosecuting people who are still subject to DOCR sentences at the time that we encounter them,” he said.

Transitional facilities are used to integrate inmates back into society before fully being released from custody. People can leave for several hours, but they have to come back to custody, Finck said.

Inmates at the Bismarck Transition Center have to have a job, Administrator Kevin Arthaud said. About 100 people at the facility are inmates, while roughly 20 are on parole, he said.

“We are trying to make people ready for release,” he said.

There is structure at the facility with few walk-aways, or escapes, Arthaud said. SB 2128 would eliminate opportunities for inmates to use the center to prepare for society, he said. That means the facility likely would shut down, and local businesses who employ center inmates would lose those workers, he said.

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Minimum mandatory sentencing laws do not reduce crime or recidivism, said Andrew Myer, a criminal justice professor at the University of Cincinnati Corrections Institute.

“For deterrence to work, we need three things to happen,” he said. “We need certainty, which means that the person will be arrested or caught for their crimes, we need celerity, that the punishment will happen quickly, and we need severity, that the punishment is at an appropriate level.”

He said minimum sentencing laws are costly and impact prison safety. Studies show that individuals serving time with minimum mandatory punishments have more disciplinary infractions in prisons, Myer said.

Minimum sentencing laws also can lead to overcrowding, which can put inmates and correctional workers in danger, he said. State prisons and local jails have been

pushed to their capacity limits,

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and opponents of SB 2128 said the proposed legislation would create more inmates, as well as force them to stay longer.

Multiple groups, including out-of-state organizations, testified against the bill. That included the North Dakota Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Prison Fellowship from Lansdowne, Virginia, and the Due Process Institute of Washington, D.C. Several cited increased costs to both the prison and judicial systems.

“What about the cost to the public?” said Sen. Janne Myrdal, R-Edinburg, adding she is concerned about the safety of her constituents.

Transitional and treatment centers have helped give felons second chances and opportunities to reinvent themselves, F5 Project CEO and founder Adam Martin said. He himself benefited from such programs when he was convicted of crimes.

“Based on the philosophy of truth in sentencing, I should have never gotten it,” he said, adding he would have served lengthy prison sentences.

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A gray-haired white man with a beard clasps his hands as he reclines in a white, cushy chair. He wears a thin, beige hooded shirt.

Adam Martin, who found the F5 Project as a way to help people struggling with mental health, addiction and incarceration, sits Monday, Nov. 18, 2024, at the F5 offices at 1122 First Ave. N. in Fargo.

Anna Paige / The Forum

Instead, he has never been to prison. He started an organization that helps people who struggle with incarceration, and Martin ultimately

was pardoned of his crimes in North Dakota.

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The F5 Project has helped more than 40,000 people, he said.

Had he gone to prison, he believes he would not have gotten those opportunities, Martin said. Blanketing sentences will not benefit anyone, he said.

“I do believe what the speaker earlier said about mercy and grace. It works,” Martin said.





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North Dakota

Seven from Grand Forks region honored by Prairie Business

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Seven from Grand Forks region honored by Prairie Business


GRAND FORKS – Seven professionals from the Grand Forks region have been named to the Prairie Business magazine’s 2025 list of “40 Under 40.” Honorees must be 40 or younger by the end of the year.

They are: Dustin Fanfulik, civil engineer and vice president at Widseth in East Grand Forks, Minnesota; Travor Fredrickson, senior project manager and senior electrical engineer with CMTA in Grand Forks; Kelby Laxdal, principal civil engineer at Houston Engineering, Inc. in Grand Forks; Courtney McNamee, director of Revenue Cycle and Reimbursement at Altru Health System in Grand Forks; Maggie Melvin, director of Admissions at University of Minnesota Crookston in Crookston, Minnesota; Geoff Slick, Rural Water practice leader at AE2S in Grand Forks; and Sean Sorteberg, MultiMarket Semiconductor director at Digikey in Thief River Falls, Minnesota.

They will be honored at an event in the fall, along with Prairie Business magazine’s other honorees for “Top 25 Women in Business” and “Leaders and Legacies.”

The 40 Under 40 list highlights exceptional professionals, including industry executives, administrators, community leaders, entrepreneurs and more.

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Dustin Fanfulik

Contributed

As a civil engineer and vice president at Widseth, Fanfulik, 36, is known for his professionalism and sound engineering judgment. He prioritizes client needs and consistently delivers high-quality results.

He serves as consulting city engineer for Pembina, North Dakota, and several northwest Minnesota communities. His work includes master planning for development, feasibility studies, assessments, design, inspections, and comprehensive project management. His experience spans infrastructure and extends to schools, campground expansions, and commercial and industrial developments across both states. He has also collaborated with the Minnesota and North Dakota Departments of Transportation on major infrastructure projects.

As a shareholder, Fanfulik brings vision, integrity, and a collaborative spirit to his work. His dedication to mentorship, community involvement and engineering excellence makes him a vital contributor to Widseth’s success and a standout young professional in the field.

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Travor Fredrickson.jpg
Travor Fredrickson

Contributed

Fredrickson, 37, is a senior project manager and senior electrical engineer with CMTA’s paper Midwest office in Grand Forks.

Fredrickson began his career at Ulteig Engineers in Fargo as a substation engineer, designing substations and windfarm grounding systems. He joined CMTA in 2013 to help grow the Grand Forks office and has since designed electrical systems for hospitals, wellness centers, schools and commercial buildings. He focuses on delivering innovative, sustainable solutions that reduce carbon footprints by combining proven design principles with the latest green technologies.

Passionate about mentoring the next generation, Fredrickson regularly shares his expertise with engineering students, emphasizing that much of real-world engineering is learned on the job. His outreach has helped recruit several local engineers from UND and NDSU. He’s also active in the Grand Forks–East Grand Forks Chamber of Commerce, supporting both business development and broader community initiatives.

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Laxdal,Kelby.jpg

Laxdal, 37, is a principal civil engineer with Houston Engineering, Inc. (HEI) in Grand Forks, bringing nearly two decades of experience in transportation and municipal design across North Dakota and Minnesota. Specializing in urban, multimodal transportation corridors, Laxdal is known for his leadership in shaping infrastructure that supports vibrant, connected communities.

He began his career with CPS in Grand Forks, contributing to major urban reconstruction projects including Columbia Road, 42nd Street, and 48th Street, along with a variety of municipal utility and transportation initiatives.

Joining HEI in 2018, Laxdal quickly advanced from project engineer to principal, managing key projects for the North Dakota Department of Transportation and the City of Grand Forks. His portfolio includes I-94 reconstruction near Beach, North Dakota, highway improvements, and numerous city infrastructure upgrades. Currently, he leads several transformative efforts such as the U.S. Highway 81 reconstruction, southwest Grand Forks master planning, and the Mouse River Enhanced Flood Protection Project in Minot.

Courtney McNamee.jpeg
Courtney McNamee

Contributed

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McNamee, 34, is the director of Revenue Cycle and Reimbursement at Altru Health System. Since joining Altru in March 2024, she has combined a patient-first mindset with strong financial leadership, introducing programs that reduce costs for patients and advancing e-payment technology through MyChart. Her ability to balance patient needs with organizational goals has quickly set her apart as a leader who drives both innovation and results.

McNamee is committed to developing people. Her team demonstrates strong engagement, and under her leadership, more staff across multiple departments have earned professional finance certifications.

Her influence extends beyond Altru. As the former president and active member of the Minnesota Healthcare Finance Management Association, she is recognized across the industry as a thought leader. She is frequently invited to speak on critical issues, such as price transparency, patient engagement, the No Surprises Act and reimbursement enhancement, representing both Altru and the broader healthcare community.

Maggie Melvin DSC_2716.jpg
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Melvin, 29, director of Admissions at the University of Minnesota Crookston, brings energy, vision and a genuine commitment to helping students find their path.

Melvin began her career at the University of North Dakota School of Law, serving as director of Admissions and Records. There, she gained valuable experience working with diverse students and faculty, learning how thoughtful admissions practices can shape a university’s culture. At UMN Crookston, she leads the admissions team with a focus on making the process welcoming and accessible for all.

Melvin is pursuing an Ed.D. in Educational Leadership with a specialization in Higher Education, expecting to graduate in 2026. Her commitment reflects both personal development and a desire to advance the field for others. Through her leadership and dedication, Melvin is shaping admissions today while paving the way for future generations of students and educators.

Geoff_Slick.jpg

Slick, 39, began his career at AE2S as an intern and during the past 16 years has risen to Rural Water practice leader. In this role, he leads a team of engineers and technical staff providing specialized expertise to rural water districts across the Midwest. Slick’s experience spans management, mentorship, project leadership, hydraulics and strategic planning, with a focus on concept planning, funding development, project coordination, regional system planning, mergers and construction management.

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He has worked with over 20 rural and regional water clients, often acting as an extension of their staff. Notable projects include the Red River Valley Water Supply Project, the Western Area Water Supply Project, and the development of Minnesota’s first new rural water district in over 40 years — the West Central Regional Water District serving Clay, Norman and Polk counties.

Slick serves on the North Dakota Water Users Board and volunteers as a youth hockey coach. He is committed to continuous professional growth and is active in the National Rural Water Association, the National Society of Professional Engineers, the North Dakota Rural Water Association and the Tau Beta Pi Engineering Honor Society.

Sean Sorterberg.jpg
Sean Sorterberg

Contributed

Sorteberg, 36, is an accomplished leader in the supply chain and semiconductor industries, currently serving as director of Multi-Market Semiconductor at DigiKey. In his role, he directs global product segment strategy, leads a comprehensive semiconductor portfolio designed to outperform market growth expectations and oversees all product management and asset management functions. He manages aggressive business performance metrics across cross-functional teams, while building trusted relationships with supplier executives and key partners.

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With more than 13 years of progressive experience in supply chain management, Sorteberg has demonstrated expertise across distribution, manufacturing and procurement. Before his current director role, he served as the manager of the technology business at DigiKey, overseeing all procurement activity in the semiconductor business unit.

Sorteberg is a strong leader on DigiKey’s supplier management team. He excels at helping his team members grow and collaborating with other departments to achieve mutual goals. He also excels at developing strong relationships with executive-level connections at many of DigiKey’s supplier organizations, building engagement and collaboration across companies.





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North Dakota

North Dakota approves $30.4M for water infrastructure projects

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North Dakota approves .4M for water infrastructure projects


BISMARCK, N.D. (Valley News Live) North Dakota communities will receive more than $30 million to upgrade aging water systems and expand infrastructure to meet growing demand.

The $30.4 million in cost-share funding will support municipal and rural water supply improvements, flood protection, and data collection initiatives. The State Water Commission approved these projects on Tuesday, Dec. 16.

“State investment in projects like these ensures our communities will have the reliable water supplies, flood protection, and other critical infrastructure needed to support existing users and accommodate future growth, all while reducing the local cost burden,” Lt. Gov. Michelle Strinden said.

The East Central Rural Water District received the largest share of funding with two projects totaling more than $25 million. The district will use $15.9 million to expand its Hillsboro Area Water Treatment Plant and $9.5 million for supply, transmission and distribution improvements. The treatment plant expansion also leverages more than $12 million in federal loan forgiveness.

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Valley City will receive $2.5 million to replace its Northwest Standpipe.

Other projects include water system expansions in Ramsey and Cass County, a regionalization project connecting Parshall to White Shield, and improvements to low-head dams in Ward County.

The commission also approved $550,000 for the Department of Water Resources to launch Phase 1 of a 3D Hydrography Program for North Dakota.

The funding comes from North Dakota’s Resources Trust Fund, which receives 20.5% of the state’s oil extraction tax revenue.

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North Dakota’s delicate electricity price balance faces challenges

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North Dakota’s delicate electricity price balance faces challenges


BISMARCK — As an energy exporter blessed with abundant supply, North Dakota consistently ranks among the cheapest states in the country when it comes to residential, commercial and industrial electricity rates.

Exploding costs of transmission, the build out and replacement of transmission infrastructure and the increase in energy load have helped push residential electricity prices modestly higher in recent years, however.

Average residential per kilowatt-hour of power increased by nearly 30% in the state between 2020 and 2024.

A recent study by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory showed North Dakota actually had the largest decrease in average retail industrial and commercial electricity prices in the country over that span, with flat or slightly lower rates for residential users, when adjusted for inflation.

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Most of the real cost rise is due to the increased expense of transmission as well as materials, build outs, generation and transportation needed to keep up with energy demand and to replace aging systems.

Take transformers for example: they cost 70-100% more now than five years ago, according to International Energy Agency data. Aluminum and copper wiring is up to 50% more costly. Labor costs have also increased by around 20-40%.

“Four or five years ago, it was $400,000 a mile to build a transmission line. Now it’s $2 million a mile,” said Josh Kramer, executive vice president and general manager at North Dakota Association of Rural Electric Cooperatives. “Generation used to cost about $800 a kilowatt. Now it’s $2,700 a kilowatt.”

The cost of nearly every input into the energy transmission and maintenance system rose, on average, as much as 50%, he said.

State Sen. Dale Patten, R-Watford City, said replacement and upgrade costs of infrastructure are also one key component, particularly to improve resilience against severe weather events in rural areas.

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“A lot of the existing infrastructure is old, 50-, 60-, 70-years-old in some cases, and the cost of replacing it is not cheap,” said Patten, who chairs the Legislature’s Energy and Natural Resources Committee.

Rising costs and inflation also pressure electricity rates in North Dakota. Downed power lines and utility poles and associated equipment costs, on average 25-50% more now than just five years ago to replace.

Contributed / North Dakota Association of Rural Electric Cooperatives

Population growth and shifts in that growth toward the main cities in the state are also a driver, he said.

“You have to build the infrastructure to support that population growth and that corresponding economic growth,” Patten said.

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Another major driver is transmission costs.

“As we look at the regulated utilities when they come in for rate cases, it seems like one of the areas where their costs are exploding the most is transmission,” said Public Service Commission commissioner Randy Christmann. “Transmission costs are exploding.”

Christmann said some of the blame goes to build out of remote renewables projects in the wider region, as well as the closure of coal fired power plants around the county leading to increased load on North Dakota power providers as regional transmission organizations spread costs around.

In 2024, North Dakota exported around 32% of generated electricity and exported 85% of natural gas extracted, according to the Department of Commerce.

Adding large loads onto the grid across the country at the same time as all of these other cost increases has spiked energy prices in most other locations.

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So far, North Dakota has dodged that for the most part, even as its lower electricity rates are attractive to industrial operations looking to add large loads in the system.

Large loads can include everything from operations like data centers, to oil refineries, to agricultural processing facilities and even the capital complex in Bismarck. Currently, there are 23 larger data centers in North Dakota.

When it comes to data centers, North Dakota has managed to add those large loads without jacking up electricity prices for consumers.

There are concerns about whether that can continue to be the case.

“I have seen them have very adverse impacts and very positive impacts,” said Christmann. “It depends on the details of the specific data center.”

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Managing that going forward will be a challenge for the commission and legislators.

State Rep. Anna Novak, R-Hazen, is currently leading the Legislature’s interim Energy Development and Transmission Committee to study large loads such as data centers and try to find a way to balance attracting those projects without overburdening other electricity consumers.

“We need to strike a balance of making sure that we’re open for business, but that we have a strong vetting process,” Novak said. “I think that the vetting process is getting better.”

Besides cheaper electricity prices and available power, the policy and regulatory climate in the state is also attractive for tech companies looking to site a data center.

Construction workers build the Applied Digital data center on Monday, Nov. 10, 2025, north of Fargo.
Construction workers build the Applied Digital data center on Monday, Nov. 10, 2025, north of Fargo.

Chris Flynn / The Forum

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Data centers are also attracted to North Dakota’s readily available water supply and cooler temperatures, which cut operating costs.

Novak said cost savings for data centers choosing to locate here can amount to the billions.

“We are certainly a desirable place to put a data center,” Novak said.

The most well-known data center in the state, Applied Digital’s facilities near Ellendale, has become a case study for how to add a large load while keeping the local impact minimal and also providing benefits across the state.

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By tapping into stranded power that was not being adequately used and making the capital investments on that instead of passing it to the utilities, the project has been able to actually decrease electricity rates for Montana-Dakota Utilities consumers across the state.

“We had involvement in that, in making sure that this big additional load was not only going to just not be detrimental to customers, but actually be very beneficial.” Christmann. “Every single MDU customer in North Dakota is benefiting because of that facility on their electric rate.”

121625.N.NDNC.ElectricityRates3
North Dakota electric cooperative lineworkers participate in hotline school at the Lineworker Training Center in Mandan in May 2025. The essential training prepares apprenticeship and journeyman lineworkers to safely work on energized power lines.

Contributed / North Dakota Association of Rural Electric Cooperatives

Darcy Neigum, vice president of electric supply for Montana-Dakota Utilities, said that customers saved around $70 last year because of the facility, and once it is fully built out, savings could come out to around $250 per year per customer.

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“We’re very aware of the rates we’re charging to our customers and the rate impacts,” Neigum said. “The approach that we took (with the Ellendale facility) was to try to find some way to create value instead of just putting costs on customers.”

Insulating consumers from costs

Investor-owned utilities like MDU as well as electric cooperatives like Basin Electric Power and Minnkota are all trying to figure out how to manage large loads going forward.

Basin Electric adopted a large load program in June as a way to minimize rate impacts for cooperative members and reduce the risk of stranded assets that come with single projects looking for 50, 100 or more megawatts of power in the future. Minnkota Power Cooperative has also adopted a similar policy.

“So, when we have those inquiries coming in, whether it’s a large tech company or a large industrial load, we’re saying we want to serve you, but to do that you’re going to have to bear the costs associated with it,” Kramer said. “That goes for if they need to add more infrastructure or generation or engineering studies.”

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MDU’s Neigum said the company doesn’t have a formal policy yet, but the uptick in interest in adding large loads may necessitate one.

“We do have a process we go through, and we’re kind of formalizing some of that, because there are just so many requests,” Neigum said.

One delicate aspect in all of this is putting into place policies that protect consumers or co-op members from additional costs without scaring quality projects away from the state.

Kramer said that’s not necessarily a bad thing.

“It’s probably helped separate the wheat from the chaff a bit,” Kramer said.

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The North Dakota News Cooperative is a non-profit news organization providing reliable and independent reporting on issues and events that impact the lives of North Dakotans. The organization increases the public’s access to quality journalism and advances news literacy across the state. For more information about NDNC or to make a charitable contribution, please visit newscoopnd.org.

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