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Minnesota farms are consolidating and other takeaways from the Census of Agriculture – Minnesota Reformer

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Minnesota farms are consolidating and other takeaways from the Census of Agriculture – Minnesota Reformer


The number of Minnesota farms is shrinking, and surviving farms are getting bigger and bigger, according to Census of Agriculture data released this week. 

The Census of Agriculture is conducted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture every five years, providing detailed data on the country’s farming and livestock industries.

Until Tuesday, the most recent comprehensive data on farms, agricultural goods and farmers was from 2017. Since then, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted supply chains, massive farm subsidy programs took effect and then ended, and inflation drove up the cost of farm inputs and food.

The release contains data collected in 2022, and provides insight into how Minnesota’s agriculture industry changed since 2017. The data is key in shaping government policy, especially the every-five-years federal farm bill, which funds government nutrition and farm programs.

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Here are some key takeaways from the data: 

Farms are consolidating

The Census of Agriculture data show a pair of key long-term trends are continuing: The number of farmers are shrinking while farms are getting bigger.

The number of Minnesota farms decreased from about 68,800 in 2017 to 65,500 in 2022. Over the same period, the average farm size increased from 371 acres to 388 acres.

The number of farms with 2,000 or more acres increased by about 21%.

By getting bigger, farms achieve economies of scale — fixed costs, like tractors and other equipment, are spread out over more acres of product; simply put, the bigger a farm gets, the higher its profit margins.

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Dairies are disappearing

Between 2017 and 2022, the number of dairy farms in Minnesota decreased by 40%, continuing a decades-long decline in the state’s dairy industry. 

The Census of Agriculture data includes all farms with dairy cows — so it doesn’t differentiate between a dedicated dairy operation and a crop farmer with a few dairy cattle on the side. Still, the data suggest farmers from both groups are selling off their cattle.

The numbers point to another ongoing trend in agriculture: specialization. Farmers can maximize profits by focusing their labor, equipment and investments on one or two crops; diverse operations, with livestock and various crops, are becoming less and less common.

Farm income hit record highs in 2022; have since dropped 

High prices and good yields for the state’s most popular cash crops — corn and soybeans — drove up farm incomes in 2021 and 2022, and those record profits are reflected in the Census of Agriculture data.

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Minnesota farms made more than $28 billion in sales in 2022, compared to $18 billion in 2017.

But farm incomes came back down to earth in 2023, decreasing by about 16% nationwide, according to USDA data.

Farm incomes vary widely based on commodities and local weather patterns, so experts warn against making sweeping industry-wide generalizations.

In Minnesota, corn and soybeans alone account for more than half of farm profits. Livestock, especially hogs, comprise 40% of Minnesota’s farm sales. 

Farms are receiving more government assistance

Fewer farms received government payments in 2022 than in 2017, but the amount of government money flowing to Minnesota farmers increased.

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In 2017, the government paid out $394 million to around 41,000 farms.

In 2022, the government distributed $584 million to around 31,600 farms, including disaster assistance for farmers impacted by severe storms in 2022. That averages out to around $18,500 per farm.

Those government payments include federal subsidies, which pay farmers when crop prices dip below certain levels. With high commodity prices in 2022, these accounted for a smaller portion of government payments than in previous years. 

Sugar beets!

One number that held steady was the number of sugar beet farmers in the state — there was only one fewer sugar beet farm in 2022 compared to 2017. 

Sugar beets are a remarkably steady and profitable industry for a couple reasons: Farmers collectively own the processing facilities, and sugar prices are supported by protectionist federal policy, boosting profits for sugar beet farmers. 

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Minnesota produces more sugar beets than any other state.

(Read more about Minnesota’s sugar industry here.)



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University of Minnesota med school should be wary of partnership with UnitedHealth

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University of Minnesota med school should be wary of partnership with UnitedHealth


The University of Minnesota Medical School opened its doors in 2024 to UnitedHealth Group to launch a pilot course entitled “Leadership and Value.”  UHG is a private, for-profit corporation headquartered in Eden Prairie, a 20-minute drive from the University of Minnesota campus. It is the world’s largest health care corporation by revenue, containing two main […]



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Minnesota family rallying to bring man home after fatally struck by lightning in Peru

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Minnesota family rallying to bring man home after fatally struck by lightning in Peru


A Twin Cities family is trying to bring a loved one home after a tragic loss over the Thanksgiving holiday.

The family said the man died after being struck by lightning while mountain biking in Peru.

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Navigating unimaginable loss

The backstory:

Yuri Botelho is a Brazil native and the son of a former local elected official in Brazil. He had recently become a U.S. citizen.

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Yuri and his wife Kelsey and 15-month-old son Tyson had moved to Minnesota this year to be closer to Kelsey’s family. Yuri worked as an engineering technician for the City of St. Louis Park.

What we know:

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Loved ones said Yuri and Kelsey shared a love for the outdoors.

“This year, they had decided to go down to Peru and to hike Machu Picchu. They always go with another couple. Now they both had little ones in tow,” said Mandy Skoog, Yuri’s sister-in-law.

They were nearing the end of their Thanksgiving holiday trip in Peru, when family members got the call Wednesday that Yuri had died after he had been struck by lightning that afternoon.

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“They were mountain biking, Yuri, James, his friend who is in critical condition, and the guide,” said Skoog.

Now, the family is rallying around Kelsey and Tyson to help them return with Yuri’s remains. Immediately upon hearing the news, Kelsey’s brother and a friend flew to Peru to help.

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“Kelsey is one of the strongest women I know. Trying to take it on by herself and not ask for help. She needs to realize we’re all there to help her. So, I’m worried she won’t be able to grieve how she needs to,” said Erika Kastamo, Kelsey’s sister.

What they’re saying:

The family said what is getting them through this unimaginable loss is faith and one another.

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The family is sharing their story to help Yuri’s memory become a lasting legacy.

“What’s not to love about Yuri. Yuri walks into a room and grabs everyone’s attention. He has a big smile, a big personality. Overall, very happy, loves everyone,” said Skoog. “Just spreading Yuri’s kindness.”

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“I want Tyson to know that his dad loved him more than anything,” said Kastamo. “That he loved Tyson more than anything. He was so proud to be a father.”

A spokesperson for the City of St. Louis Park sent this statement about Yuri’s sudden passing.

“We at the City of St. Louis Park are aware of the very tragic news about Yuri Botelho. This is a tremendous loss for his family, his friends and for all of us as his colleagues. Yuri had only been with the city for a short time but was already a trusted and valued employee and friend. Our thoughts are with his family and friends.”

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What’s next:

The family said they have met with the embassy and is hopeful they will be able to return with Yuri’s ashes as soon as Tuesday. The family said his body has been cremated in Peru.

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The family said Hamel Jiu Jitsu is planning to honor Yuri. His family from Brazil is also coordinating plans to make a trip to Minnesota.

What you can do:

There is a fundraiser to support Kelsey through this tragic time with unexpected travel and medical expenses.

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The Source: Family interviews, City of St. Louis Park.

MinnesotaPeople



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Minnesota’s European trade mission addresses tariffs, relationships

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Minnesota’s European trade mission addresses tariffs, relationships


A delegation including Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz and Minnesota Agriculture Commissioner Thom Petersen went on a trade mission to Switzerland and Germany in November, visiting major business centers in Zürich, Düsseldorf and Berlin.

According to USDA data, Germany was Minnesota’s eighth largest export market for goods, valued at $649 million in 2024. Switzerland is Minnesota’s 22nd largest export destination with exports valued at $232 million in 2024.

The Nov. 15-22 trip was meant to spur growth in the state’s exports of goods and services and showcase Minnesota as a top destination for business investment, develop new partnership opportunities and strengthen existing trade and diplomatic ties, according to the governor’s office.

“Amid global disruptions caused by trade wars, Minnesota is doing all we can to strengthen the trade and investment relationships that create and protect jobs at home,” said Walz. “As some of the largest and most innovative economies in the world, Germany and Switzerland both offer excellent opportunities for Minnesota businesses to expand their exports. I look forward to strengthening our relationships in technology, agriculture, and education.”

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This delegation had representatives from Minnesota businesses and organizations within Minnesota’s medical technology, clean technology, food and agriculture and higher education sectors.

Speaking on the Monday after returning to the U.S., Petersen said he brought home new relationships and a sense that existing ones are strengthening.

It was Petersen’s first time in both countries. In recent years, he’s been to the United Kingdom, the Philippines, Japan, Finland and Australia on trade missions. He said the group of about 70 was split into four tracks and went their separate ways to focus on their industries. The ag representatives came mostly from Minnesota’s soybean industry along with its edible bean one.

As for any concrete outcomes for ag and food trade with either country, Petersen said no, but the relationship-building was worth the time spent in Europe.

“So many of the businesses have strong connections in Minnesota, or want to improve their connections in Minnesota,” he said. “I always say these trips, you don’t know if you’re going to close a deal in two days, two weeks, two months or two years — to see something come to fruition.”

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Tariff impact

Green Acres Milling, which is set to open in the summer of 2026, on Monday, Oct. 6, 2025, in Albert Lea, Minnesota. (Noah Fish / Agweek / Forum News Service)

He said it’s the relationships that matter, and seeing firsthand the impacts from U.S. federal policy on trade.

One of those connections was with Buhler Inc., the Switzerland-based technology and manufacturing company that Petersen said “a lot” of ag and food companies in Minnesota use for equipment.

It was a coincidence that when the Minnesota delegation touched down in Switzerland, a huge win in trade policy was just announced, that a U.S. tariff cut to 15% for Switzerland could take effect early December.

On Nov. 14, Switzerland and the U.S. reached a preliminary agreement to cut the tariffs to 15%, more than three months after U.S. President Donald Trump imposed a 39% rate, the highest on any country in Europe.

“That’s big news, thinking they had the 39% tariff until the week we left,” Petersen said.

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That tariff included all Buhler equipment bound for Albert Lea, Minn., to build the new oat-processing plant, which is now the city’s tallest building.

“So we were glad to see the tariffs dropped, but discussing the importance of Buhler, who has its North American headquarters in Plymouth, Minnesota, and how do we support them,” Petersen said.

Minnesota ties

He said the group also toured businesses with huge Minnesota ties including Cargill’s German headquarters, Syngenta’s headquarters in Switzerland, and home of CLAAS in Berlin.

Petersen said CLAAS combines and silage choppers have been sold across Minnesota at Arnold’s dealerships and more.

“AGCO’s facility in Jackson, Minnesota, as well,” he said. “It’s kind of interesting to show what a small world it is.”

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Minnesota’s ag commissioner said that tariffs may have worked 75 years ago, but in today’s interconnected world, it’s about using the biggest pieces of industry to work together.



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