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4 biggest handwashing mistakes that could increase germs and viruses

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4 biggest handwashing mistakes that could increase germs and viruses

Proper handwashing could save a million lives a year, according to an expert — and yet many people are doing it improperly, often due to misconceptions surrounding the practice.

Doctors recommend washing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds to reduce the spread of infectious diseases.

The NFID 2025 State of Handwashing Report, recently released by the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases, provides details on Americans’ handwashing habits (and mistakes).

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The report is based on a survey of 3,587 U.S. adults, conducted in November and December 2024 and March 2025.

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Robert Hopkins Jr., MD, medical director of NFID in Maryland, spoke to Fox News Digital about what Americans are doing wrong when it comes to handwashing.

1. Only using hand sanitizer

“We have to recognize that there are a number of important infections that hand sanitizers are not effective at preventing,” Hopkins said.

Proper handwashing could save a million lives a year, according to experts. (iStock)

One example is norovirus, a highly contagious stomach virus that is common on cruise ships and is also spread seasonally. 

The virus cannot be killed with hand sanitizer, but is “easily destroyed” with soap and water, according to Hopkins.

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Certain viruses are “encapsulated” and can be destroyed with either soap and water or hand sanitizer, the expert said. However, there is also an “unencapsulated” type of virus, which has an outer coat that does not break down from the alcohol in hand sanitizer.

Using soap and water is a more effective way to kill the germs, the doctor noted.

2. Just coughing into your sleeve

When people cough or sneeze into their sleeve, they could still spread germs afterward.

“If you cough into your sleeve … go ahead and wash your hands with soap and water as well,” Hopkins advised.

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“We also have to recognize that we often bring our hands up close to our face, touch our nose, our glasses, other parts of our face,” noted the doctor, who is based in Arkansas.

“If we have bacteria or viruses on our hands, we can introduce them into our mucous membranes, where we can get infections.”

Nearly half of survey respondents admitted to forgetting or choosing not to wash their hands at key times. (iStock)

3. Washing hands more in certain seasons

The NFID report stated that one in four respondents washed their hands more frequently in the fall and winter, when cold and flu are prevalent.

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“The seasonal variance is understandable given that some respiratory diseases, including flu and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), tend to peak during fall and winter,” the report stated.

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“However, other germs — like those that cause colds, norovirus and other infectious diseases — can spread throughout the year. It is important to maintain proper hand hygiene all year round to help stay healthy.”

4. Not washing hands at critical times

Most adults wash their hands after using the bathroom (69%), handling food (48%) and handling human or animal waste (39%), according to NFID’s report. 

“We need to reinforce the importance of this simple tool.”

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Only 30% of respondents, however, reported that they are likely to wash their hands after sneezing or coughing.

Nearly half of survey respondents admitted to forgetting or choosing not to wash their hands at key times, like after visiting a grocery store, restaurant, doctor’s office, pharmacy, clinic or hospital.

“I think most of the public health campaigns around hand hygiene have been focused on healthcare settings,” a doctor said. (iStock)

“We need to reinforce the importance of this simple tool,” Hopkins said of handwashing.

“I think most of the public health campaigns around hand hygiene have been focused on healthcare settings,” he added.

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Regarding handwashing as a practice in general, Hopkins emphasized, “We need to bring this back into the fold.”

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“If everybody washed their hands more consistently, we could probably save somewhere in the neighborhood of a million lives a year.”

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Hidden signs your bones may be weaker than you think, according to doctor

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Hidden signs your bones may be weaker than you think, according to doctor

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When people think about protecting their health, bone health often takes a back seat to more prominent concerns like cancer or heart disease.

But for women, bone density can become a real issue with age, as osteoporosis weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures.

Dr. Mary Claire Haver, a board-certified OB-GYN, certified menopause specialist and associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Texas Medical Branch, talked to Fox News Digital about the severity of this threat.

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“About 50% of women can expect to have an osteoporotic fracture before they die,” she said. “That is triple the rate of men.”

Osteoporosis is defined as a “bone disease that develops when bone mineral density and bone mass decreases or when the structure and strength of bone changes,” according to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.

Fifty percent of women will experience an osteoporotic fracture by age 50, while only 20% of men will experience the same, according to Haver. (iStock)

The condition can cause the bones to become so weak and brittle that a fall or even mild stress, like coughing, can cause a break.

Haver, also founder of The ‘Pause Life, a health and wellness platform focused on supporting women through midlife changes, noted that the “downfall” after these fractures can be “pretty devastating.”

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Fractures can lead to disability, death and high medical costs, according to a blog post by Haver on The ‘Pause Life’s website.

Risks and warning signs

Haver emphasized that osteoporosis is a “largely preventable” disease.

“Paying attention to the lifestyle, the behaviors, possibly the medications that can prevent osteoporosis earlier in life, will really help stave off some of the loss of independence that women are suffering from as they age,” she told Fox News Digital.

The expert recommends engaging in weight-bearing exercise and resistance training to build bone density. (iStock)

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The condition is more likely to occur in those who have hormone imbalances, have undergone gastrointestinal surgery, have low calcium intake or experience disordered eating, according to Haver and the Mayo Clinic. Those with a family history of osteoporosis may also face a higher risk.

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People who have taken corticosteroid medicines for conditions like seizures, gastric reflux, cancer and transplant rejection are more susceptible, as are those with celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, kidney or liver disease, multiple myeloma and rheumatoid arthritis.

Although osteoporosis is sometimes referred to as a “silent disease,” which can progress without symptoms until a fracture occurs, there are a few subtle clues that may indicate “lower than normal” bone density, Haver said.

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These include loss of height, back pain, receding gums, and weak or brittle nails.

Those who are often sedentary may experience worsened symptoms. (iStock)

Osteoporosis can also be caused by certain unhealthy habits, such as being sedentary, consuming excessive alcohol and using tobacco.

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The Mayo Clinic reported, “People who spend a lot of time sitting have a higher risk of osteoporosis than do those who are more active.”

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Haver agreed that staying physically active, while getting enough calcium and vitamin D through a healthy diet or supplementation, can help maintain healthy bone density.

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“Engage in weight-bearing exercise and resistance training, avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and talk to a doctor about any medications that may affect bone health,” she wrote in her blog post.

“Regular bone density testing may also be recommended for some individuals to monitor their bone health and identify any potential issues early on.”

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Melissa Joan Hart dropped 20 pounds by cutting two things in her ‘longevity journey’

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Melissa Joan Hart dropped 20 pounds by cutting two things in her ‘longevity journey’

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Cutting two simple things from her diet helped Melissa Joan Hart shed nearly 20 pounds, she revealed in a recent interview.

The actress, best known for her roles in “Clarissa Explains It All” and “Sabrina the Teenage Witch,” lost about 18 pounds after cutting sugar and alcohol as part of what she described as a “longevity journey,” she told People earlier this month.

“I just wanted to feel better. It had nothing to do with losing weight,” Hart, 49, said at Aerosmith frontman Steven Tyler’s Grammy viewing party Feb. 1 in Los Angeles. 

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“I really didn’t think I could lose weight anymore, being in midlife and perimenopause.”

Hart shared details of her weight loss while attending Steven Tyler’s Grammy viewing party. (Robin L Marshall/Getty Images)

Weight gain during perimenopause and menopause is common, according to the Mayo Clinic, as hormonal changes, aging and lifestyle factors slow metabolism and shift fat toward the belly. But staying active, maintaining a healthy diet, limiting added sugars and alcohol and prioritizing sleep can help minimize weight gain in midlife, experts say.

Hart said her main focus was on improving how she felt, and it has worked.

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“I actually feel stronger and better than I have in a really long time,” she said.

Melissa Joan Hart says cutting sugar and alcohol helped her lose nearly 20 pounds. (Araya Doheny/Getty Images for Janie’s Fund)

Hart said it began by working out more intensely and paying closer attention to her lifestyle. In the process, she discovered intermittent fasting and decided to eliminate sugar and alcohol.

She added that giving up alcohol was an easy decision.

“I just don’t even enjoy drinking. So why bother?” Hart said. “So, I cut these things out of my life, and I started to feel better. And in doing that, I lost a lot of weight and kind of feel great.”

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Cutting back on added sugar and alcohol can reduce excess calorie intake and lower the risk of weight gain, heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, liver damage and certain cancers, while supporting better overall metabolic health, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

The actress said she began working out more intensely and paying closer attention to her lifestyle. (Chad Salvador/Variety via Getty Images)

Hart also shared that staying hydrated has been a challenge for her over the years, joking that her husband, musician Mark Wilkerson, notices her dislike for drinking water.

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“My husband says when I drink a glass of water, I make a face like it’s the most disgusting thing on earth,” she said. “I’m sipping on it, like, ‘Eww.’”

Hart, seen above in St. Lucia in 2024, said she “just wanted to feel better.” (John Parra/Getty Images for Sandals Resorts)

Instead, the mom of three said she often reaches for club soda with lime or tea. 

“I’ll do hot tea, cold tea, green tea, peppermint tea — any kind of tea,” she said.

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Hart, who turns 50 in April, joins other celebrities who have recently credited cutting alcohol and other lifestyle changes for improved health and weight loss, according to reports.

More celebrities say they are cutting back on alcohol and sugar. (iStock)

Last year, Russell Crowe said cutting back on alcohol played a major role in his 57-pound transformation, and “Queer Eye” star Jonathan Van Ness has also spoken out about cutting down on booze and focusing on overall health.

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Country singer Jelly Roll has credited long-term wellness and mental health support for his dramatic weight loss, while Matt Damon recently said cutting certain foods, including gluten, helped him slim down for film roles.

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Why Doctors Are Saying Protein Shots Are ‘Game Changing’ for Weight Loss

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Why Doctors Are Saying Protein Shots Are ‘Game Changing’ for Weight Loss


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How Protein Shots Speed Weight Loss in Women Over 50 | Woman’s World




















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