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More neighborhood fitness spaces linked to higher physical activity levels after stroke

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More neighborhood fitness spaces linked to higher physical activity levels after stroke

Research Highlights:

  • Living in neighborhoods with more recreational and fitness centers may influence people’s engagement in physical activity during the first year after a stroke.
  • A small study found that people in New York City who survived a mild stroke were more likely to maintain the same level of physical activity as they did prior to the stroke, or even increase that activity, if they lived in areas with more recreational centers and fitness resources nearby.

Embargoed until 4 a.m. CT/5 a.m. ET, Thursday, Feb. 1, 2024

DALLAS, Feb. 1, 2024 — Stroke survivors were more likely to remain physical activity or even exercise more after their stroke if they lived in neighborhoods with easy access to recreational centers and gyms, according to a preliminary study to be presented at the American Stroke Association’s International Stroke Conference 2024. The meeting will be held in Phoenix, Feb. 7-9, and is a world premier meeting for researchers and clinicians dedicated to the science of stroke and brain health.

“We know that stroke survivors need to be physically active as part of their recovery. Our findings suggest that it’s important to have a conversation with stroke patients about physical activity resources available in their area so they are able to continue their recovery after hospital discharge,” said lead study author Jeffrey Wing, Ph.D., M.P.H., an assistant professor of epidemiology at The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio. “If their neighborhood does not offer fitness resources, neurologists should consider discharging the patient to a rehabilitation facility where they can participate in physical activities.”

In this study, researchers examined the potential link between available fitness/exercise centers, pools and gyms and physical activity among 333 people living in New York City who had a mild stroke.The data was geocoded, assigned to the U.S. census tracts, and merged with data from the National Neighborhood Data Archive (collects information about the number of physical activity resources at the census tract level). Geocoding is the process of transforming a description of a location — such as an address or a name of a place — to a location on the earth’s surface. Researchers then examined the association between the number of fitness and recreational centers, such as pools, gyms and skating rinks per square mile, and the self-reported change in physical activity levels — more active, about the same or less active — one year after stroke.

The analysis found:

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  • About 17% of participants reported being more physically active one year after stroke, and 48% reported having about the same level of physical activity as before the stroke.
  • The odds of being more active were 57% higher among participants who lived in areas with more recreational and fitness resources (about 58 fitness resources) compared to people living in neighborhoods with fewer or no fitness resources, after controlling for age, gender, race, ethnicity, education, health insurance and body mass index.
  • Similarly, the odds of reporting the same level of physical activity one year after stroke were 47% higher in participants who lived in areas with more recreational centers and fitness resources compared to those who lived in areas with fewer or no resources available.

Previous research has shown that even moderate physical activity is beneficial for stroke recovery and can include walking, Wing said. “However, it’s important to recognize the availability or limited availability of exercise resources in a person’s immediate neighborhood and to be able to feel safe while participating in exercise activities.”

Previous research has found that the characteristics of the built environment of a neighborhood, such as access to healthy food or recreational spaces promoting physical activity, were also linked to lower incidence of stroke, Wing noted.

“The takeaway from this analysis is that it’s not that people should move to a location where there are more resources to engage in physical activity, but to urge people to find ways to be active in their own neighborhood,” said study co-author Julie Strominger, a Ph.D. student of epidemiology at The Ohio State University. “It’s the action that will lead to better outcomes, so just the action of being physically active is what really matters.”

“This study is consistent with prior research on the importance of physical activity for optimal health. The new aspect is the focus on stroke survivors,” said American Stroke Association volunteer expert and EPI and Stroke Council member Daniel T. Lackland, Dr.P.H., FAHA, professor of epidemiology and director of the Division of Translational Neurosciences and Population Studies in the department of neurology at the Medical University of South Carolina in Charleston. “It’s important for health care professionals to discuss maintaining physical activity with stroke survivors: find out if they know of a safe place to exercise, and if they do not, have that information readily available.” Lackland was not involved in the study.

Study details and background:

  • The analysis included 333 adults hospitalized for mild stroke and enrolled in the Discharge Educational Strategies for Reduction of Vascular Events (DESERVE) study.
  • The DESERVE study was a randomized clinical trial of 546 stroke survivors and conducted in New York City from 2012-2016.
  • Participants were 52% women, with an average age of 65 years; they self-identified as 35% Hispanic adults, 31% Black adults, 28% white adults and 6% as “other” race.

The main limitations of the study, according to the authors, are that the findings may not be generalizable to non-urban neighborhoods in the U.S. In addition, the data was extracted from a clinical trial that included only stroke survivors who had a mild stroke, therefore, this association may not hold true for survivors of severe stroke. Also, while people in certain neighborhoods reported more physical activity, that does not necessarily mean that they used the fitness and recreational resources in their neighborhood.

Co-authors, disclosures and funding sources are listed in the abstract.  

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Statements and conclusions of studies that are presented at the American Heart Association’s scientific meetings are solely those of the study authors and do not necessarily reflect the Association’s policy or position. The Association makes no representation or guarantee as to their accuracy or reliability. Abstracts presented at the Association’s scientific meetings are not peer-reviewed, rather, they are curated by independent review panels and are considered based on the potential to add to the diversity of scientific issues and views discussed at the meeting. The findings are considered preliminary until published as a full manuscript in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

The Association receives funding primarily from individuals; foundations and corporations (including pharmaceutical, device manufacturers and other companies) also make donations and fund specific Association programs and events. The Association has strict policies to prevent these relationships from influencing the science content. Revenues from pharmaceutical and biotech companies, device manufacturers and health insurance providers and the Association’s overall financial information are available here.

Additional Resources:

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About the American Stroke Association

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The American Stroke Association is devoted to saving people from stroke — the No. 2 cause of death in the world and a leading cause of serious disability. We team with millions of volunteers to fund innovative research, fight for stronger public health policies and provide lifesaving tools and information to prevent and treat stroke. The Dallas-based association officially launched in 1998 as a division of the American Heart Association. To learn more or to get involved, call 1-888-4STROKE or visit stroke.org. Follow us on Facebook, X.

For Media Inquiries and AHA Expert Perspective:

AHA Communications & Media Relations in Dallas: 214-706-1173; ahacommunications@heart.org

Karen Astle: 214-706-1392, Karen.Astle@heart.org

For Public Inquiries: 1-800-AHA-USA1 (242-8721)

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Kylie Minogue, 58, shares how she stays fit without a strict exercise routine – ‘I don’t really work out’

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Kylie Minogue, 58, shares how she stays fit without a strict exercise routine – ‘I don’t really work out’

Kylie Minogue has stayed active her whole life, but, refreshingly, she doesn’t follow a punishingly strict routine to stay fit.

‘I wish I was one of those women who do their exercises first thing in the morning, or run straight to the fitness studio as soon as they get up,’ she told Star Magazine. ‘But unfortunately, I’m just not that disciplined!’

Instead, the ‘I Should Be So Lucky’ singer partly relies on her hectic schedue to keep her moving. ‘I don’t really work out, but I’m constantly on the go,’ she told Express.

‘My guilty confession is that there isn’t [a routine]!…I think I stay in shape with an active (read, exhausting!) lifestyle,’ she continued on Reddit. ‘My fitness is really sporadic. I have to thank my mum for good genes.’

Kylie Minogue’s go-to exercises

Despite her self-professed low-key approach, the global multi-platinum recording artist incorporates several workout methods into her day, preferring mainly low-impact and moderate-intensity exercise.

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‘I do Pilates,’ she continued to Star. But she’s careful to keep things balanced. ‘I don’t overdo it,’ she clarified.

‘I like to at the very least do 15 minutes on the Yoga Studio app. I know how to do it without the app but the tone of the woman’s voice and that it’s timed, it goes by so quickly,’ she told WSJ. ‘Then I feel like that’s done and I feel good.’

Often, her exercise of choice also depends on what equipment is available.

‘If there’s a treadmill nearby, I like to do that. We say in my family, “Minogues don’t run.” None of us run. But we like to walk, so that works for me,’ she added. ‘If I’m somewhere where there’s Pilates, I love that.’

Workouts that provide holistic physical and mental benefits are often a favourite.

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‘I’ve also tried Gyrotonics; that was really fun,’ she continued, referring to the gymnastics-and-swimming-inspired movement system developed by Julia Horvath in the 80s. Designed to decompress the body, build strength and flexibility, and improve posture, it’s increasingly being adopted by Olympic athletes and celebrities alike.

‘I loved aerobics and I used to do Callanetics,’ she added to Express. Created by classical ballet-trained Callan Pinckney around 40 years ago, Callanetics uses ‘small, precise pulsing movements’ to ‘activate muscles’. I would travel everywhere with this home workout on a VHS tape and put it on in hotel rooms,’ Kylie revealed.

However, being the ‘Princess of Pop’ does mean that the physical demands are considerable, and often her endurance, coordination and overall fitness are put to the test when she’s on stage.

‘I would say my ultimate workout is being on tour. I’m never as fit as when I’m on tour, so I can’t wait to tour again. My body needs it.’


One of our most frequently asked questions here at Women’s Health? How to build muscle and burn fat at the same time. So, we asked superstar trainer Oyinda Okunowo exactly how to do it. In this 4-week plan – created exclusively for Women’s Health COLLECTIVE members – you’ll get the workouts and nutrition guidance needed to help you on your way to better body composition. Tap the link below to unlock 14 days of free access to Oyinda’s plan and start training today.

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Alison Hammond lost 11st and transformed her health by quitting these 3 habits – here’s how

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Alison Hammond lost 11st and transformed her health by quitting these 3 habits – here’s how

Exercise played a pivotal part in Alison Hammond, 51, losing 11 stone. The This Morning presenter hired personal trainer Ellis Gatfield five years ago, and while introducing regular strength training helped her hit her goal, there were a few fitness habits she was also required to quit.

Below, Gatfield shares exactly what she stopped doing, how doing so helped her lose weight and build muscle and her full weekly workout routine.

A quick caveat: sustainable weight loss isn’t driven by exercise or nutrition alone. Movement helps preserve muscle, support metabolic health and improve how your body uses energy, but what you eat still matters. The most effective approach combines smart training with nourishing, realistic nutrition habits you can maintain long term.

@luimancini//Instagram

1. She stopped doing long treadmill sessions

Gatfield says: ‘She never particularly enjoyed traditional cardio, so instead of forcing long treadmill sessions, I focused on raising her heart rate through resistance training performed in a circuit format, using mainly compound movements. This allowed her to get the cardiovascular benefits while also building strength and shaping her body. The biggest mistake from her training before was believing that exercise had to mean long, boring cardio sessions to lose weight. That mindset made training feel like a chore rather than something to enjoy.’

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2. She stopped forcing exercise she didn’t enjoy

Gatfield says: ‘Once we shifted to a style of training she genuinely liked, everything became easier. Training stopped feeling forced, consistency improved naturally, and results followed. Enjoyment is often the missing piece in successful weight loss and it’s something I prioritise with all my clients.

‘Strength training played a huge role in Alison’s weight loss because it allowed her to burn calories, build lean muscle, and improve her metabolism, without relying on long or exhausting cardio sessions. Resistance-based circuits kept her heart rate elevated while also improving strength and body composition which is key for long term fat loss.

‘Just as importantly, she genuinely enjoyed this style of training. She loved being able to come in, work hard for 30 minutes, feel accomplished, and get on with her day. That enjoyment made consistency easy, and consistency is where results come from.

‘With Alison, the priority was keeping training effective, enjoyable, and realistic around her schedule. Sessions were always kept to around 30 minutes, which meant they were easy to commit to and never felt overwhelming.’

3. She stopped skipping rest days

Gatfield says: ‘Rest was equally essential [to her results]. Scheduled recovery days helped regulate stress, reduce fatigue, and allow her body to adapt and improve. That balance between training and recovery meant she could show up strong, train with intent, and sustain results long term.

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‘For most women, especially those new to resistance training, I’d recommend two-three sessions per week. The focus should always be on learning proper technique, moving well, and recovering properly. More isn’t always better – consistency and quality matter far more.’

Alison Hammond’s weekly workout schedule

According to Gatfield, a typical week in workouts for Alison included:

  • Monday: 30-minute resistance circuit
  • Tuesday: 30-minute boxing session
  • Wednesday: rest or low-intensity walk
  • Thursday: 30-minute kettlebell circuit
  • Friday: 30-minute boxing session
  • Saturday: rest or low-intensity walk
  • Sunday: rest

oyinda training plan

One of our most frequently asked questions here at Women’s Health? How to build muscle and burn fat at the same time. So, we asked superstar trainer Oyinda Okunowo exactly how to do it. In this 4-week plan – created exclusively for Women’s Health COLLECTIVE members – you’ll get the workouts and nutrition guidance needed to help you on your way to better body composition. Tap the link below to unlock 14 days of free access to Oyinda’s plan and start training today.

Get the plan

Headshot of Bridie Wilkins

As Women’s Health UK’s fitness director and a qualified Pilates and yoga instructor, Bridie Wilkins has been passionately reporting on exercise, health and nutrition since the start of her decade-long career in journalism.

After earning a first-class degree in journalism and NCTJ accreditation, she secured her first role at Look Magazine, where she launched the magazine’s health and fitness column, Look Fit, before going on to become Health and Fitness writer at HELLO!

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Since, she has written for Stylist, Glamour, Cosmopolitan, Marie Claire, Elle, The Metro, Runner’s World and Red. Today, she oversees all fitness content across Women’s Health online and in print, spearheading leading cross-platform franchises, such as ‘Fit At Any Age’, which showcases the women proving that age is no barrier to exercise.

She has also represented the brand on BBC Radio London, plus various podcasts and Substacks – all with the aim to encourage more women to exercise and show them how. Outside of work, find her trying the latest Pilates studio, testing her VO2 max for fun (TY, Oura), or posting workouts on Instagram.   

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Gary Neville’s 5-Day-a-Week Fitness Routine – and How Exercise Changed His Life After Football

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Gary Neville’s 5-Day-a-Week Fitness Routine – and How Exercise Changed His Life After Football

If there’s one man who could do with a rest, it’s Gary Neville. But in between managing his media and business interests, the former footballer still starts most weekdays the same way: waking up early for a 6am workout.

‘My whole life has been about routine and repetition,’ Neville told The Times. ‘Even now, I need structure in every part of my life.

‘I’m up every morning at quarter past five. I’ll have a coffee, review all the news – sports news mainly, but news as well. All your papers, so I’m across everything. Five mornings a week I’ll then walk to the gym for six, and finish at 6:50 before walking back home for seven.’

The 51-year-old favours high-intensity, circuit-style training rather than traditional bodybuilding workouts, having regularly attended Barry’s classes over the years. That said, strength work still forms part of his routine.

It’s an approach Neville adopted after learning a difficult lesson in retirement. Having stepped away from professional football in 2011, he admits he spent the first couple of years enjoying himself a little too much.

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The Wake-Up Call That Changed Gary Neville’s Fitness

‘The impact of not training every day surprised me,’ Neville said in a social media video.

‘I think I took for granted how training made me feel good about myself – in my body, in my head. And then when I finished playing football, I started to have a glass of wine at night regularly, I started to have a bit of cheese, I started to have more chocolate.

‘I started to think I could just relax and enjoy my life from a nutrition and fitness point of view. I didn’t work very hard at all – in fact I didn’t train much in the first year or two [after retirement].’

The weight gain that followed eventually prompted an intervention from his wife.

‘If you look at those first couple of years outside of football, you’ll see that I put weight on,’ he said.

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‘I remember my wife coming up to me one day and saying, “Look, come on, you need to sort yourself out. You’ve been fit all your life.”

‘And it completely transformed the way I thought. From that moment on, I started at it again.’

Why Neville Calls Exercise a Form of Medicine

These days, Neville says training has become non-negotiable.

He’s not preparing for a sporting event or chasing specific performance goals, but he notices a significant difference in both his physical and mental wellbeing whenever he stops exercising for too long.

‘I feel like I can’t go without training,’ he explained. ‘If I go three, four or five days without training then it’s not the end of the world, but if I go two weeks without it, I start to feel heavy.

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‘I start to feel like I’m losing strength. You start to feel like you’re going under a little bit. I didn’t prepare for the fact that not training, eating more and not being able to cope without that fitness structure in my life every single day.’

The former Manchester United captain believes the mental benefits are just as important as the physical ones.

‘People who don’t train are missing out on a great medicine,’ he said. ‘I stopped for two to three years and the impact it had on my mental health was terrible.’

More than a decade after retirement, Neville’s routine looks very different to the one he followed as a professional footballer. But the principle remains the same: move regularly, stay consistent and make exercise part of your day rather than something you squeeze in when you get the chance.


If there’s one thing Kori Sampson knows, it’s how to optimise your body composition for performance. To tap into his knowledge as an elite athlete and coach, we asked him to create a 4-week plan to help you move faster, recover quicker and keep pushing when the fatigue sets in – all while improving your muscle-to-fat ratio.

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Ready to build muscle, burn fat and come out the other side looking, feeling and performing better? Click here to get 14 days of free access to the plan via the Men’s Health app.


Headshot of Ryan Dabbs

Ryan is a Senior Writer at Men’s Health UK with a passion for storytelling, health and fitness. Having graduated from Cardiff University in 2020, and later obtaining his NCTJ qualification, Ryan started his career as a Trainee News Writer for sports titles Golf Monthly, Cycling Weekly and Rugby World before progressing to Staff Writer and subsequently Senior Writer with football magazine FourFourTwo.

During his two-and-a-half years there he wrote news stories for the website and features for the magazine, while he also interviewed names such as Les Ferdinand, Ally McCoist, Jamie Redknapp and Antonio Rudiger, among many others. His standout memory, though, came when getting the opportunity to speak to then-Plymouth Argyle manager Steven Schumacher as the club won League One in 2023.

Having grown up a keen footballer and playing for his boyhood side until the age of 16, Ryan got the opportunity to represent Northern Ireland national futsal team eight times, scoring three goals against England, Scotland and Gibraltar. Now past his peak, Ryan prefers to mix weightlifting with running – he achieved a marathon PB of 3:31:49 at Manchester in April 2025, but credits the heat for failing to get below the coveted 3:30 mark…

You can follow Ryan on Instagram or on X  

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