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Readers’ questions answered: I am 79 years old. How should I invest?

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Readers’ questions answered: I am 79 years old. How should I invest?

Navigating our money lives can be messy.

The myriad decisions we make every day about good money habits, where to invest, and how to balance saving and paying down debt are no easy lift.

I regularly hear from readers asking for advice about their own situations and challenges.

The following is an edited sample of readers’ questions and my answers.

I am 79 years old. How should I invest?

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Retirees should typically hold at least five, if not 10, years’ worth of living expenses in a combination of cash and high-quality bonds. That will provide protection against needing to dip into your stock investments if things head south. The yields on bonds and cash may not be party-worthy right now, but they’re still respectable. In fact, many certificates of deposit and high-yield savings accounts are paying around 4.75%.

In general, you should aim for a more conservative mix of investments as you get older so you don’t have to get queasy when the stock market slips and slides. To roughly determine what percentage of your portfolio should be in stocks, subtract your age from 110. So, as a 79-year-old, you should have just under a third of your investments in stocks and the rest in bonds and cash.

I have two children (twins) who are 29 years old and neither is very savvy when it comes to managing money. My daughter is a good saver but my son, who is a doctor, cannot save a dime. They both acknowledge their lack of financial understanding. I was wondering if there are courses or books you would recommend.

You hit a pain point felt by many Americans, not just your children. American adults are woefully behind when it comes to financial literacy.

Most of us never were exposed to financial education growing up.

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Although it’s too late for your adult children to have had that grounding, this oversight is morphing in a positive direction for today’s students — 35 states now require high school students to take a course in personal finance to graduate, up from 23 in 2022, according to the Council for Economic Education.

Another book I applaud is Jonathan Clements’ “How to Think About Money.” “We want to seize control of our finances, so we have more control over our lives,” he writes. The goal, he notes, isn’t to get rich. “The goal is to have enough money to lead the life we want.”

Finally, Benjamin Graham’s classic, “The Intelligent Investor,” is still the “best book about investing,” according to Warren Buffett. The third edition is now out.

There are also a number of free online courses via platforms such as Coursera or edX. Some recent offerings include: Financial Planning for Young Adults, available from the University of Illinois, and Finance for Everyone: Smart Tools for Decision-Making, taught by University of Michigan professors.

Podcasts, too, are entertaining and educational. Right here on Yahoo Finance, there’s “Financial Freestyle” with Ross Mac. Others to check out: Jordan Grumet’s “Earn and Invest” and Morningstar’s “The Long View.”

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I am 73, single, retired from my public service work last year, receiving a pension. I have collected Social Security since age 70, and started taking out Required Minimum Distributions from my 457(b) and traditional IRA accounts this year. But I am still working part time with a different employer (no pension, no retirement plan), receiving a W-2.

Am I still qualified to put $8,000 pre-tax money into an IRA account for the year 2024? (The gross income from my part-time job is more than $8,000.) Is there an income limit for traditional IRA deductions in my situation?

Congrats on waiting until age 70 to turn on your Social Security checks. That means you will have the biggest possible amount moving forward compared to starting them back at your full retirement age.

By pushing back tapping your benefits from your IRA until age 70, you earned delayed retirement credits. Those came to roughly an 8% annual increase in your benefit for each year until you hit 70 when the credits stopped accruing.

Read more: What is the retirement age for Social Security, 401(k), and IRA withdrawals?

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Source: Social Security Administration

Now, as for those contributions, you sure can contribute. There is no age restriction on making regular contributions to traditional or Roth IRAs.

A traditional tax-deductible IRA, if you’re not covered by a retirement plan at work, has no income restrictions. If you expect to be in a lower tax bracket in the next few years, the immediate tax deduction and pushing back that tax bill makes sense. Although you’re already taking your RMDs, new contributions can whittle down your taxable income.

But if you’re already in a low tax bracket, I would consider a Roth IRA.

Contributions to a Roth IRA aren’t deductible. They’re made with after-tax dollars, so you don’t report the contributions on your tax return, but you can take money and any earnings out tax-free if you hold the account for at least five years.

How much you can set aside does depend on your total income. For tax year 2024, your modified adjusted gross income limit for single filers is $146,000 with a reduced amount up to $161,000. For 2025, the income limit for contributing is between $150,000 and $165,000.

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Since RMDs are never required in Roth IRAs, this is a great way to keep on saving.

For the 2024 tax year, the maximum contribution is $7,000, or $8,000 for those 50 or older who take advantage of the $1,000 catch-up contribution. That’s you. And you can contribute to a 2024 IRA until the April 15 tax filing deadline in 202 5 .

I need to purchase a car at the end of April 2025. I’m saving for a down payment between now and then so I can take out a lower loan amount. I’m also paying down my debt so my credit score increases, helping me with a better interest rate on my loan. I don’t seem to be making much progress on either. Which of the two do you recommend concentrating on more?

If you can put the brakes on buying a car for a bit longer, do it. I recommend focusing on slashing your debt. I’m not sure what kind of debt you’re whittling down, but if your interest rate is sky-high, you have to take control of that first.

Raising your credit score takes time, and adding new debt is not your best option if you can hold off on that big purchase.

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Read more: 10 tips to improve your credit score in 2025

To get the best loan for a car, you’ll probably need a sizable savings for a down payment, which can be as much as 20% for a new car. (Getty Creative)
To get the best loan for a car, you’ll probably need a sizable savings for a down payment, which can be as much as 20% for a new car. (Getty Creative) · Maskot via Getty Images

If you are paying off revolving credit card debt that keeps rolling over month to month, it’s daunting. The average credit card interest rate is over 20%. That’s pretty hard to get out from under without some real elbow grease. You need to pay much more than your minimum monthly amount to make a dent.

Your debt level is a big factor in your credit score calculation. The higher your credit score, the lower your annual percentage rate (APR) will be on your car loan. The average auto loan interest rate for new cars in the third quarter of 2024 was 6.6%, while the average used car loan interest rate was 11.7%, according to Experian’s State of the Automotive Finance Market report.

Folks with excellent scores — 800 and higher — can find rates as low as 5.25% for new car loans, but that can triple for borrowers with poor credit scores, according to Experian research.

There are a few schools of thought on how to pay down your current debt. With the so-called avalanche method, you pay off debt with the highest interest rate first. Other people opt for the snowball method, which involves focusing on smaller debts first. I am in the avalanche school, but whatever works best for you matters.

Other moves to kick up your score: If you know you’re going to buy a new car, for instance, don’t open new credit card accounts, or close accounts. You need to show that you know how to manage credit by paying balances on time. Never miss a payment or due date. All it takes is one late payment to smash your score and make lenders cautious.

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In addition to your credit score, other factors contribute to your interest rate, such as the lender and the length of the loan, which brings us back to saving up a bigger down payment.

I feel your frustration. To get the best car loan, you’ll probably need sizable savings for a down payment, which can be as much as 20% for a new car and closer to 10% for a used one. So saving up is critical, but in my experience, getting your debt under control and your credit score cleaned up has to come first.

Thanks to the readers who felt comfortable sending along your questions. Keep ’em coming.

Kerry Hannon is a Senior Columnist at Yahoo Finance. She is a career and retirement strategist, and the author of 14 books, including “In Control at 50+: How to Succeed in The New World of Work” and “Never Too Old To Get Rich.” Follow her on Bluesky.

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3 smart financial habits to incorporate in 2026

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3 smart financial habits to incorporate in 2026

While you certainly do not have to wait for the beginning of the new year to overhaul your financial habits, the calendar’s fresh start can offer a natural opportunity to reassess. But all too often, when we identify an area of our life that is not quite going as planned, there is a temptation to tear it all down and start from scratch, in the form of a broad-ranging — and overwhelming — resolution.

Sometimes, though, making small tweaks to existing habits, or introducing some fresh ones, is all it takes to course correct, allowing one good financial decision to snowball into the next. Sounds more manageable, right? Read on for some ideas to get started.

1. Dial up your retirement contributions

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Ghana dispatch: Former Finance Minister detained by US immigration authorities pending extradition review

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Ghana dispatch: Former Finance Minister detained by US immigration authorities pending extradition review

Former Ghana Finance Minister Kenneth Ofori-Atta was detained by US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) on January 6 in Washington, DC, where he remains in custody at the Caroline Detention Facility in the state of Virginia. His detention follows Ghana’s December 10 formal extradition request to the US Department of Justice for Ofori-Atta, who faces 78 counts of corruption and corruption-related offenses.

ICE agents arrested Ofori-Atta around 11:00 AM at a luxury apartment complex in Washington, DC. According to the ICE Online Detainee Locator System, Ofori-Atta remains “in ICE custody” as of January 11, 2026. Ghana’s Attorney General and Minister of Justice Dr. Dominic Ayine confirmed that Ofori-Atta is represented by private legal counsel. His lawyer, Frank Davies, stated that Ofori-Atta traveled to the United States for medical treatment and that a legal challenge to his custody has been filed in court. According to a January 10, 2026 press release signed by Ghana’s Ambassador to the United States Victor Emmanuel Smith, Ofori-Atta has declined consular assistance from the Ghana Embassy.

The US State Department revoked Ofori-Atta’s visa in 2025, according to Ghana’s Attorney General Dominic Ayine. The Attorney General further emphasized that it was the visa revocation—rather than a visa overstay or expiration—that triggered US federal enforcement action. The US Department of Justice is currently reviewing Ghana’s extradition request under the “dual criminality” doctrine, which requires confirmation that the alleged financial crimes in Ghana would also be prosecutable in the United States.

Kenneth Ofori-Atta served as Ghana’s Finance Minister under former President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo. He faces charges related to alleged corruption in multiple government contracts, including a GHS 125 million contract between the Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) and Strategic Mobilisation Limited (SML), the $400 million National Cathedral Project, ambulance procurement for the Ministry of Health, and electricity company contracts. Ghana’s Office of the Special Prosecutor (OSP) formally charged Ofori-Atta on November 18, 2025. The OSP seeks to recover misappropriated public funds through the government’s Operation Recover All Loots (ORAL) initiative launched after the National Democratic Congress won the 2024 presidential election.

The extradition request follows a months-long effort by Ghanaian authorities to secure Ofori-Atta’s return. The OSP requested Ofori-Atta appear for questioning on February 10, 2025 via a letter dated January 24, 2025. His solicitors responded January 31, stating he had left Ghana in early January for medical treatment in the United States and was “out of the jurisdiction indefinitely for medical examinations.” The solicitors requested rescheduling and offered to provide information to aid investigations.

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On February 10, the OSP directed Ofori-Atta to provide a reasonable return date, warning that failure to comply would compel the OSP to “take all legal steps to secure his return to the jurisdiction.” His solicitors responded the same day, stating a doctor recommended he remain in the US for possible surgical intervention. The following day, February 11, his solicitors inquired whether the OSP conducted a search of Ofori-Atta’s premises, which the OSP denied.

During a February 2025 press conference, the OSP declared Ofori-Atta a fugitive, stating it was unconvinced by the medical report and disagreed that returning to Ghana would endanger his life. The OSP characterized his extended stay as “an attempt to avoid return to the jurisdiction.” By June 2025, Ghana secured a judicial arrest warrant and successfully placed Ofori-Atta on Interpol’s Red Notice database, though the notice was temporarily removed from public visibility following a challenge by the accused. The OSP transmitted a letter to the Attorney General on December 9 requesting formal extradition proceedings.

The charges against Ofori-Atta and seven other individuals include conspiracy to commit the criminal offense of directly or indirectly influencing the procurement process to obtain unfair advantage in contract awards, contrary to section 23(1) of the Criminal and Other Offenses Act, 1960 (Act 29) and section 92(2)(b) of the Public Procurement Act, 2003 (Act 663) as amended by Act 914. The charges stem from investigations into alleged corruption and financial irregularities in the GHS 125 million contract between the Ghana Revenue Authority and Strategic Mobilisation Limited. The Special Prosecutor is seeking to recover the amount, describing it as unjust enrichment obtained through unlawful means.

Among the most prominent allegations against Ofori-Atta involves the National Cathedral Project. In November 2024, the Commission on Human Rights and Administrative Justice concluded an investigation into the project, which was initiated by former President Akufo-Addo with an estimated cost of $100 million from private funds. The cost surged to $400 million, with the investigation revealing that the contract awarded to Ribade Company Ltd was void ab initio for violating mandatory provisions of the Procurement Act. The investigation recommended that the Board of Public Procurement Authority cancel the contract and investigate the Board of Trustees. Ofori-Atta allegedly authorized the release of $58 million in state funds toward construction costs. The project remains an incomplete excavation site in central Accra, on land formerly occupied by government buildings and judges’ residences. Additional charges relate to alleged corruption in ambulance procurement for the Ministry of Health and the termination of a contract between the Electricity Company of Ghana and Beijing Xiao Cheng Technology.

The extradition proceedings will be governed by Ghana’s Extradition Act, 1960 (Act 22), which applies where an extradition agreement exists with the requesting state. Section 2 of the Act mandates declining extradition requests if the offense is of a political character, with a Magistrate responsible for determining whether charges meet this standard.

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Article 40 of Ghana’s 1992 Constitution requires Ghana to observe treaty obligations and settle international disputes peacefully. This aligns with Article 1 of the UN Charter, which requires states to maintain friendly relations based on principles of equality and respect for human rights. The principle of pacta sunt servanda, enshrined in Article 26 of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), requires states to observe treaty obligations in good faith. Both Ghana and the United States are bound by their extradition agreement and are barred from invoking municipal law to avoid treaty obligations under Article 27 of the Vienna Convention, except in circumstances permitted under Article 46, which addresses capacity to conclude treaties and inconsistencies with normal practice and good faith.

The extradition request comes as Ghana and the United States maintain reciprocal cooperation on extradition matters. Ghana previously cooperated with US extradition requests, including the extradition of Ghanaian citizens to the United States for alleged crimes against US citizens. In one case, Abu Trica and other Ghanaian citizens were extradited to face charges related to an alleged $8 million romance scam targeting US citizens, demonstrating the mutual nature of bilateral treaty obligations.

The case against Ofori-Atta represents part of broader anti-corruption efforts in Ghana. Corruption has been a persistent challenge in the country since independence, with state officials diverting public resources to personal ventures. Ghana has implemented multiple measures to combat corruption, including Article 8(2) of the 1992 Constitution and Section 16 of the Citizenship Act, 2000 (Act 591), which restrict dual citizens from occupying certain key offices. The country has also created specialized institutions including the Office of the Special Prosecutor and the Economic and Organised Crimes Office. The 2024 presidential and parliamentary elections saw a change in political power, with the National Democratic Congress defeating the New Patriotic Party by approximately one million votes. The worst recorded corruption cases under Ghana’s fourth republic occurred during Ofori-Atta’s tenure as Finance Minister, prompting public demands for accountability that influenced the election outcome. The current NDC administration immediately established Operation Recover All Loots to recover misappropriated public funds.

Opinions expressed in JURIST Dispatches are solely those of our correspondents in the field and do not necessarily reflect the views of JURIST’s editors, staff, donors or the University of Pittsburgh.

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Exclusive: Saks Global nearing $1.75 billion financing plan ahead of bankruptcy filing, sources say

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Exclusive: Saks Global nearing .75 billion financing plan ahead of bankruptcy filing, sources say
  • Saks Global to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy imminently, sources say
  • $1.75 billion financing led by Pentwater and Bracebridge
  • Financing allows Saks to repay vendors, restock inventory during reorganization
NEW YORK, Jan 13 (Reuters) – Beleaguered luxury retailer Saks Global is close to finalizing $1.75 billion in financing with creditors that would allow its iconic Saks Fifth Avenue, Bergdorf Goodman and Neiman Marcus stores to remain open, two people familiar with the negotiations said.

The department store conglomerate wants to reorganize its debt and operations in Chapter 11 bankruptcy, which it could file “imminently”, the people said.

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The financing would provide an immediate cash infusion of $1 billion through a debtor-in-possession loan from an investor group led by Pentwater Capital Management in Naples, Florida, and Boston-based Bracebridge Capital, the people said.

The company’s banks would also provide an additional $250 million in financing through an asset-backed loan, the people said, asking not to be identified because the discussions are private.

A DIP loan helps companies pay salaries, vendors and other ongoing expenses while a company goes through Chapter 11 bankruptcy, allowing it to continue operating while reorganizing its business. DIP financing gives investors priority repayment if the company isn’t successful and has to liquidate, so a bankruptcy judge will have to sign off on it.

Saks Global, which controls stores and brands that have helped shape America’s taste for high fashion over the last century, would have access to another $500 million of financing from the investor group once it successfully exits bankruptcy protection, the sources added.

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The negotiations are still fluid and the exact terms of the lending package could change, they cautioned. The financing plan would also need approval from a bankruptcy judge before it is finalized. The filing could come as soon as Tuesday, the people said.

The DIP finance package would allow Saks Global to repay its vendors and restock depleted inventory, one of the people said, while a Chapter 11 reorganization allows it to continue operating as it restructures its finances and renegotiates lease agreements and other contracts.

The so-called DIP loan could eventually be converted into equity or another type of asset, instead of repaid, if Saks successfully emerges from bankruptcy, one of the people said.

PJT Partners, which is advising Saks on its restructuring, declined to comment. Saks did not immediately return a request for comment.

A LUXURY DREAM THAT FAILED

Driven by the vision of real estate investor Richard Baker, Canada-based conglomerate Hudson’s Bay Co, which had owned Saks since 2013, bought rival Neiman Marcus in 2024 for $2.65 billion and spun off its U.S. luxury assets to create Saks Global. The plan was to more easily take on competitors like Bloomingdale’s (M.N), opens new tab and Nordstrom by bringing together two of America’s best-known department store chains.
Big names such as Amazon (AMZN.O), opens new tab and Salesforce (CRM.N), opens new tab backed the Saks Global deal by becoming equity investors.

While the marriage gave the newly formed luxury conglomerate more leverage to negotiate discounts with vendors, it also left it saddled with debt. Saks Global took on about $2.2 billion in fresh debt as part of the deal, targeting $600 million in annual cost savings, according to media reports citing the company’s investor call in October.

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But demand for luxury goods didn’t rebound as hoped for in 2025 and the servicing costs on that debt significantly ate into its cash flow, making it late in paying vendors and investors, according to interviews with former vendors, investors and analysts. Saks Global had to tap investors for another $600 million in June and missed a crucial bond payment last month.

Some of Saks’ bonds are trading at as little as a penny on the dollar. Its first lien bonds, which have the most protection in bankruptcy, are trading at 25 cents to 30 cents, one bond investor told Reuters.

The new cash injection should give Saks enough breathing room, and liquidity, to eventually recover, one investor said.

It wasn’t clear whether the restructuring plan will include additional changes to the company’s management team or its storied real estate holdings, which include its flagship Saks Fifth Avenue store in New York City. The company abruptly replaced its chief executive – veteran retail executive Marc Metrick – earlier this month, elevating Baker to CEO.

Reporting by Dawn Kopecki in New York and Matt Tracy in Washington; Editing by Lisa Jucca, Deepa Babington and Lisa Shumaker

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