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A massive race to start the Olympics: Get ready for the women's 400-meter freestyle

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A massive race to start the Olympics: Get ready for the women's 400-meter freestyle

Follow our Olympics coverage from the Paris Games.


PARIS — It’s arguably the most highly anticipated swimming final of the Paris Games, and no one will have to wait very long to see it.

The women’s 400-meter freestyle will take place Saturday, with qualifying heats in the morning and the final to follow on the first night of the Olympic swimming program, featuring a field that includes three women who have owned the world record in this event.

Australian Ariarne Titmus, 23, is the defending Olympic gold medalist in the event and the favorite entering Saturday’s competition. American Katie Ledecky, 27, took gold in the 400 free in the previous Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. Plus, the field includes 17-year-old Canadian phenom Summer McIntosh, who set the world record in the event in 2023 before Titmus re-set it.

“They’re great athletes, and I’ve had the chance to race them quite a few times over the years now — especially Summer, being in the U.S., training in the U.S.,” Ledecky said Wednesday. “It’s always fun to race the best.

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“Those two have continued to raise the game and raise my game. I know that I have to bring my best. I think they know that they have to bring their best. I think that’s what you want in an Olympic race.”

Ledecky said while she likes her chances in the event, she knows it’s a deep field beyond the top three headliners. For example, New Zealand’s 20-year-old Erika Fairweather would certainly like to play spoiler here; she out-touched McIntosh at 2023 worlds to earn bronze and finish behind Titmus and Ledecky.

That world championship final in Fukuoka, Japan, was billed as something of a race of the century, but the actual race was rather disappointing — because it wasn’t close. Titmus deserves all the credit for that, as she beat the field by three seconds and became the first woman to break 3 minutes, 56 seconds in the event. (And then she nearly lowered that world-record time earlier this year at Australian trials.)


With none of the runners-up in view, Ariarne Titmus reaches for gold in the women’s 400-meter freestyle at the 2023 world championships. She’ll be the favorite in Saturday’s event. (Adam Pretty / Getty Images)

McIntosh is poised to be a breakout star of these Olympics, her second. She was just 14 years old at the Tokyo Games, Canada’s youngest Olympian. She finished fourth in the 400 free and fourth as part of the 4×200 free relay.

In the years since, she’s taken the sport by storm, winning four gold medals at world championships (in the 200 fly and 400 IM in both 2022 and 2023) plus a silver and three bronze. She trains in Sarasota, Fla., and back in February she beat Ledecky in an 800 free final, handing the American her first loss in one of her most dominant events in more than 13 years in a time (8:11.39) that would have won gold in Tokyo.

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But McIntosh will not swim the 800 free at these Games, though her schedule is loaded. She is entered in the 400 free, the 200 fly, the 200 IM and the 400 IM. She is the world record-holder in the 400 IM. She’ll be favored in that and a top contender in her other events, which will include clashes with Americans Regan Smith in the 200 fly and Kate Douglass and Alex Walsh in what should be a hotly contested 200 IM. And, of course, she’ll likely be a key part of the Canadian relay efforts. For McIntosh to truly turn the Summer Games into Summer’s Games, she’ll need to win quite a few medals — something she’s certainly capable of, but still something that’s a lot to ask of a teenager.

“Pressure is necessary if you’re going to do great things,” Brent Arckey, McIntosh’s coach, told CBC Sports earlier this year. “The great ones understand that. There’s an unhealthy side of that, but she’s surrounded by such great people.

“We can manage this. You don’t get to be great without the pressure and expectations.”

Meanwhile, Titmus is the world record-holder in the 200 free and the favorite in that event. She took silver in Tokyo in the 800, behind Ledecky, and will again compete at that distance. Titmus will also likely be an integral part of the Aussie 4×200 free relay team. Her gold-medal production will be huge for Australia as it looks to beat the U.S. in what has turned into a rather entertaining international rivalry. The Aussies earned nearly double the number of gold medals as the Americans at 2023 worlds (a meet that did not include U.S. star Caeleb Dressel, for what it’s worth).

The 10 fastest women’s 400m freestyles

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Rank Swimmer Nationality Time Year Event

1

Ariarne Titmus

Australia

3:55.38

2023

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World Aquatics Championships

2

Ariarne Titmus

Australia

3:55.44

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2024

Australian Olympic trials

3

Summer McIntosh

Canada

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3:56.08

2023

Canadian trials

4

Ariarne Titmus

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Australia

3:56.40

2022

Australian championships

5

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Katie Ledecky

USA

3:56.46

2016

Rio Olympic Games

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6

Ariarne Titmus

Australia

3:56.69

2021

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Tokyo Olympic Games

7

Ariarne Titmus

Australia

3:56.90

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2021

Australian Olympic trials

8

Katie Ledecky

USA

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3:57.36

2021

Tokyo Olympic Games

9

Katie Ledecky

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USA

3:57.94

2018

Indianapolis Pro Swim Series

10

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Ariarne Titmus

Australia

3:58.06

2022

Commonwealth Games

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Titmus said she’s grown immensely as both a person and swimmer since Tokyo, where she took home gold in both the 200 and 400 frees.

“I’m being honest and saying that I think I’ve prepared the best I ever have for a swim meet,” Titmus told reporters at Australia’s team training camp in Chartres, France. “So, more than anything, I’m just excited to see what I’m capable of.

“That’s why I still swim because I believe I’ve got more in the tank, and so that’s my goal at these Games, to try and get every (little bit) out of myself and see what I’m capable of.”

It’s the same mindset for Ledecky, the veteran of the field. She’s reflected a great deal lately on her career and how she’s gone from the wide-eyed 15-year-old in London to an elder stateswoman of the sport. She is just two gold medals away from tying the record for most gold medals for a female Olympian, set by gymnast Larisa Latynina, who won nine gold medals for the Soviet Union in the 1950s and ’60s. And she’s swimming her two best events here, the 800 and 1,500 frees.

Still, Ledecky believes she can compete to win all the way down to the 400 free, which is part of what makes Saturday’s race so compelling. It features arguably the greatest female swimmer ever in Ledecky, her top rival for the past handful of years in Titmus, and the teenager who could beat both and take over the Olympics in McIntosh. Let the Games begin.

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Summer McIntosh

Just 17 years old, Summer McIntosh is poised for a big Olympics. The first of her events in Paris is Saturday’s 400-meter freestyle. (Jacob Kupferman / Getty Images)

(Top illustration: Dan Goldfarb / The Athletic; photos of Ariarne Titmus, Katie Ledecky and Summer McIntosh: Quinn Rooney, Maddie Meyer and Jacob Kupferman / Getty Images)

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Video: 250 Years of Jane Austen, in Objects

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Video: 250 Years of Jane Austen, in Objects

new video loaded: 250 Years of Jane Austen, in Objects

To capture Jane Austen’s brief life and enormous impact, editors at The New York Times Book Review assembled a sampling of the wealth, wonder and weirdness she has brought to our lives.

By Jennifer Harlan, Sadie Stein, Claire Hogan, Laura Salaberry and Edward Vega

December 18, 2025

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Try This Quiz and See How Much You Know About Jane Austen

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Try This Quiz and See How Much You Know About Jane Austen

“Window seat with garden view / A perfect nook to read a book / I’m lost in my Jane Austen…” sings Kristin Chenoweth in “The Girl in 14G” — what could be more ideal? Well, perhaps showing off your literary knowledge and getting a perfect score on this week’s super-size Book Review Quiz Bowl honoring the life, work and global influence of Jane Austen, who turns 250 today. In the 12 questions below, tap or click your answers to the questions. And no matter how you do, scroll on to the end, where you’ll find links to free e-book versions of her novels — and more.

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Revisiting Jane Austen’s Cultural Impact for Her 250th Birthday

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Revisiting Jane Austen’s Cultural Impact for Her 250th Birthday

On Dec. 16, 1775, a girl was born in Steventon, England — the seventh of eight children — to a clergyman and his wife. She was an avid reader, never married and died in 1817, at the age of 41. But in just those few decades, Jane Austen changed the world.

Her novels have had an outsize influence in the centuries since her death. Not only are the books themselves beloved — as sharply observed portraits of British society, revolutionary narrative projects and deliciously satisfying romances — but the stories she created have so permeated culture that people around the world care deeply about Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy, even if they’ve never actually read “Pride and Prejudice.”

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With her 250th birthday this year, the Austen Industrial Complex has kicked into high gear with festivals, parades, museum exhibits, concerts and all manner of merch, ranging from the classily apt to the flamboyantly absurd. The words “Jane mania” have been used; so has “exh-Aust-ion.”

How to capture this brief life, and the blazing impact that has spread across the globe in her wake? Without further ado: a mere sampling of the wealth, wonder and weirdness Austen has brought to our lives. After all, your semiquincentennial doesn’t come around every day.

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By ‘A Lady’

Jane Austen’s House, Chawton, England

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Austen published just four novels in her lifetime: “Sense and Sensibility” (1811), “Pride and Prejudice” (1813), “Mansfield Park” (1814) and “Emma” (1815). All of them were published anonymously, with the author credited simply as “A Lady.” (If you’re in New York, you can see this first edition for yourself at the Grolier Club through Feb. 14.)

Where the Magic Happened

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Janice Chung for The New York Times

Placed near a window for light, this diminutive walnut table was, according to family lore, where the author did much of her writing. It is now in the possession of the Jane Austen Society.

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An Iconic Accessory

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Jane Austen’s House, Chawton, England

Few of Austen’s personal artifacts remain, contributing to the author’s mystique. One of them is this turquoise ring, which passed to her sister-in-law and then her niece after her death. In 2012, the ring was put up for auction and bought by the “American Idol” champion Kelly Clarkson. This caused quite a stir in England; British officials were loath to let such an important cultural artifact leave the country’s borders. Jane Austen’s House, the museum now based in the writer’s Hampshire home, launched a crowdfunding campaign to Bring the Ring Home and bought the piece from Clarkson. The real ring now lives at the museum; the singer has a replica.

Austen Onscreen

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Since 1940, when Austen had a bit of a moment and Greer Garson and Laurence Olivier starred in MGM’s rather liberally reinterpreted “Pride and Prejudice,” there have been more than 20 international adaptations of Austen’s work made for film and TV (to say nothing of radio). From the sublime (Emma Thompson’s Oscar-winning “Sense and Sensibility”) to the ridiculous (the wholly gratuitous 2022 remake of “Persuasion”), the high waists, flickering firelight and double weddings continue to provide an endless stream of debate fodder — and work for a queen’s regiment of British stars.

Jane Goes X-Rated

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Tony Cenicola/The New York Times

The rumors are true: XXX Austen is a thing. “Jane Austen Kama Sutra,” “Pride and Promiscuity: The Lost Sex Scenes of Jane Austen” and enough slash fic and amateur porn to fill Bath’s Assembly Rooms are just the start. Purists may never recover.

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A Lady Unmasked

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Jane Austen’s House, Chawton, England

Austen’s final two completed novels, “Northanger Abbey” and “Persuasion,” were published after her death. Her brother Henry, who oversaw their publication, took the opportunity to give his sister the recognition he felt she deserved, revealing the true identity of the “Lady” behind “Pride and Prejudice,” “Emma,” etc. in a biographical note. “The following pages are the production of a pen which has already contributed in no small degree to the entertainment of the public,” he wrote, extolling his sister’s imagination, good humor and love of dancing. Still, “no accumulation of fame would have induced her, had she lived, to affix her name to any productions of her pen.”

Wearable Tributes

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Tony Cenicola/The New York Times

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It is a truth universally acknowledged that a Jane Austen fan wants to find other Jane Austen fans, and what better way to advertise your membership in that all-inclusive club than with a bit of merch — from the subtle and classy to the gloriously obscene.

The Austen Literary Universe

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Elizabeth Renstrom for The New York Times

On the page, there is no end to the adventures Austen and her characters have been on. There are Jane Austen mysteries, Jane Austen vampire series, Jane Austen fantasy adventures, Jane Austen Y.A. novels and, of course, Jane Austen romances, which transpose her plots to a remote Maine inn, a Greenwich Village penthouse and the Bay Area Indian American community, to name just a few. You can read about Austen-inspired zombie hunters, time-traveling hockey players, Long Island matchmakers and reality TV stars, or imagine further adventures for some of your favorite characters. (Even the obsequious Mr. Collins gets his day in the sun.)

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A Botanical Homage

Created in 2017 to mark the 200th anniversary of Austen’s death, the “Jane Austen” rose is characterized by its intense orange color and light, sweet perfume. It is bushy, healthy and easy to grow.

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Aunt Jane

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Jane Austen’s House, Chawton, England

Hoping to cement his beloved aunt’s legacy, Austen’s nephew James Edward Austen-Leigh published this biography — a rather rosy portrait based on interviews with family members — five decades after her death. The book is notable not only as the source (biased though it may be) of many of the scant facts we know about her life, but also for the watercolor portrait by James Andrews that serves as its frontispiece. Based on a sketch by Cassandra, this depiction of Jane is softer and far more winsome than the original: Whether that is due to a lack of skill on her sister’s part or overly enthusiastic artistic license on Andrews’s, this is the version of Austen most familiar to people today.

Cultural Currency

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Steve Parsons/Associated Press

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In 2017, the Bank of England released a new 10-pound note featuring Andrews’s portrait of Austen, as well as a line from “Pride and Prejudice”: “I declare after all there is no enjoyment like reading!” Austen is the third woman — other than the queen — to be featured on British currency, and the only one currently in circulation.

In the Trenches

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During World War I and World War II, British soldiers were given copies of Austen’s works. In his 1924 story “The Janeites,” Rudyard Kipling invoked the grotesque contrasts — and the strange comfort — to be found in escaping to Austen’s well-ordered world amid the horrors of trench warfare. As one character observes, “There’s no one to touch Jane when you’re in a tight place.”

Baby Janes

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Tony Cenicola/The New York Times

You’re never too young to learn to love Austen — or that one’s good opinion, once lost, may be lost forever.

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The Austen Industrial Complex

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Elizabeth Renstrom for The New York Times

Maybe you’ve not so much as seen a Jane Austen meme, let alone read one of her novels. No matter! Need a Jane Austen finger puppet? Lego? Magnetic poetry set? Lingerie? Nameplate necklace? Plush book pillow? License plate frame? Bath bomb? Socks? Dog sweater? Whiskey glass? Tarot deck? Of course you do! And you’re in luck: What a time to be alive.

Around the Globe

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Goucher College Special Collections & Archives, Alberta H. and Henry G. Burke Collection; via The Morgan Library & Museum

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Austen’s novels have been translated into more than 40 languages, including Polish, Finnish, Chinese and Farsi. There are active chapters of the Jane Austen Society, her 21st-century fan club, throughout the world.

Playable Persuasions

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In Austen’s era, no afternoon tea was complete without a rousing round of whist, a trick-taking card game played in two teams of two. But should you not be up on your Regency amusements, you can find plenty of contemporary puzzles and games with which to fill a few pleasant hours, whether you’re piecing together her most beloved characters or using your cunning and wiles to land your very own Mr. Darcy.

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#SoJaneAusten

The wild power of the internet means that many Austen moments have taken on lives of their own, from Colin Firth’s sopping wet shirt and Matthew Macfadyen’s flexing hand to Mr. Collins’s ode to superlative spuds and Mr. Knightley’s dramatic floor flop. The memes are fun, yes, but they also speak to the universality of Austen’s writing: More than two centuries after her books were published, the characters and stories she created are as relatable as ever.

Bonnets Fit for a Bennett

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Peter Flude for The New York Times

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For this summer’s Grand Regency Costumed Promenade in Bath, England — as well as the myriad picnics, balls, house parties, dinners, luncheons, teas and fetes that marked the anniversary — seamstresses, milliners, mantua makers and costume warehouses did a brisk business, attiring the faithful in authentic Regency finery. And that’s a commitment: A bespoke, historically accurate bonnet can easily run to hundreds of dollars.

Most Ardently, Jane

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The Morgan Library & Museum

Austen was prolific correspondent, believed to have written thousands of letters in her lifetime, many to her sister, Cassandra. But in an act that has frustrated biographers for centuries, upon Jane’s death, Cassandra protected her sister’s privacy — and reputation? — by burning almost all of them, leaving only about 160 intact, many heavily redacted. But what survives is filled with pithy one-liners. To wit: “I do not want people to be very agreeable, as it saves me the trouble of liking them a great deal.”

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Stage and Sensibility

Austen’s works have been adapted numerous times for the stage. Some plays (and musicals) hew closely to the original text, while others — such as Emily Breeze’s comedic riff on “Pride and Prejudice,” “Are the Bennet Girls OK?”, which is running at New York City’s West End Theater through Dec. 21 — use creative license to explore ideas of gender, romance and rage through a contemporary lens.

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Austen 101

Tony Cenicola/The New York Times

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Austen remains a reliable fount of academic scholarship; recent conference papers have focused on the author’s enduring global reach, the work’s relationship to modern intersectionality, digital humanities and “Jane Austen on the Cheap.” And as one professor told our colleague Sarah Lyall of the Austen amateur scholarship hive, “Woe betide the academic who doesn’t take them seriously.”

W.W.J.D.

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Tony Cenicola/The New York Times

When facing problems — of etiquette, romance, domestic or professional turmoil — sometimes the only thing to do is ask: What would Jane do?

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