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U.S. Said to Plan New Limits on China’s A.I. and Supercomputing Firms

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U.S. Said to Plan New Limits on China’s A.I. and Supercomputing Firms

The Biden administration is anticipated to announce new measures to limit Chinese language corporations from accessing applied sciences that allow high-performance computing, in response to a number of individuals aware of the matter, the newest in a sequence of strikes aimed toward hobbling Beijing’s ambitions to craft next-generation weapons and automate large-scale surveillance methods.

The measures, which may very well be introduced as quickly as this week, could be a few of the most important steps taken by the Biden administration to chop off China’s entry to superior semiconductor know-how. They might construct on a Trump-era rule that struck a blow to the Chinese language telecom big Huawei by prohibiting corporations world wide from sending it merchandise made with using American know-how, equipment or software program.

Various Chinese language corporations, authorities analysis labs and different entities are anticipated to face restrictions just like Huawei, in response to two individuals with data of the plans. In impact, any agency that makes use of American-made applied sciences could be blocked from promoting to the Chinese language entities which might be focused by the administration. It’s not but clear which Chinese language corporations and labs could be impacted.

The broad growth of what’s often called the overseas direct product rule is only one a part of Washington’s deliberate restrictions. The administration can be anticipated to attempt to management the sale of cutting-edge U.S.-made instruments to China’s home chip makers.

Washington additionally plans to restrict U.S.-made microchips from being offered to China’s strongest supercomputing and knowledge middle tasks, the individuals stated. That limitation might find yourself inhibiting the flexibility of main educational establishments and web corporations like Alibaba and Tencent from getting the elements they should construct main knowledge facilities and supercomputers.

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Over time, as supercomputer efficiency ranges rise, the cap might critically hinder China’s potential to develop the highly effective quantity crunching know-how that kinds the constructing block of improvements throughout an array of fields, together with the biosciences, synthetic intelligence and missile engineering.

Administration officers are additionally contemplating different measures that would apply to the Chinese language reminiscence chip maker Yangtze Reminiscence Applied sciences Firm, a number of individuals aware of the discussions stated.

The White Home declined to touch upon the deliberate restrictions. A spokesperson for the Bureau of Business and Safety on the Commerce Division, which has authority over the sorts of know-how that corporations can export out of the USA, stated they may not verify something at this level.

If enacted, the measures could be the strongest push thus far by the USA to hit at China’s flourishing supercomputer and knowledge middle market. Many Chinese language universities, state-run corporations and web corporations run supercomputers which have a variety of capabilities. Loads are used for vital, if prosaic, duties like analyzing highway visitors, managing social networks or predicting climate, however analysts and researchers have proven how others are used for extra malign functions.

China has used some supercomputers to energy invasive surveillance methods that focus on ethnic minorities. Others have been utilized by Beijing to mannequin nuclear blasts and design next-generation weapons that would evade American defenses.

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As an example, within the western Chinese language area of Xinjiang, the place lots of of 1000’s of minority Uyghurs have been interned and surveilled, a supercomputer constructed with chips made by Intel and Nvidia has been used to course of footage collected from ubiquitous video cameras within the space. Each Intel and Nvidia have stated they have been unaware of what they known as misuse of their know-how.

The U.S. authorities has sought to curb the movement of know-how to tasks like these in recent times, however these efforts have been pissed off by the extensive availability of highly effective microchips.

Many such merchandise which might be offered to China are manufactured exterior of the USA, which means the U.S. authorities’s conventional strategies of regulation, which deal with merchandise exported from the USA, don’t apply. So officers within the Trump and Biden administrations have turned to leveraging the overseas direct product rule, a sweeping regulation that stops merchandise made wherever on the earth with the assistance of U.S. know-how, equipment or software program from being offered to China.

The Biden administration has confronted some criticism that it has moved slowly to curb China’s entry to cutting-edge U.S. know-how. For a lot of administration officers, China’s current progress in clearing a key technological hurdle in semiconductor manufacturing underscored the pressing want for extra expansive regulation within the business, individuals aware of the discussions stated.

Beijing’s more and more aggressive conduct towards Taiwan, which produces nearly the entire world’s superior semiconductors, has additionally galvanized the administration to behave.

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In remarks on the White Home final month, Jake Sullivan, the nationwide safety adviser, stated that the USA authorities had beforehand tried to remain a number of generations forward of opponents in sure key applied sciences, however that strategy was now not powerful sufficient.

“Given the foundational nature of sure applied sciences, equivalent to superior logic and reminiscence chips, we should preserve as giant of a lead as potential,” he stated.

The Biden administration has cited its broad use of export controls as a strong software to punish Russia for its invasion of Ukraine, saying it’ll cripple Russia’s protection, know-how, vitality and different crucial sectors in the long run. American officers say they’ll apply the identical software to different rival nations, notably China, to handle nationwide safety challenges. The officers say the Trump administration’s use of export controls aimed toward hobbling Huawei served as a mannequin for the way they formulated the controls on Russian corporations.

Final month, the Biden administration imposed new restrictions on the sale of some refined laptop chips to China and Russia. These limits centered on high-end fashions of chips often called graphic processing models offered by Silicon Valley corporations like Nvidia and Superior Micro Gadgets. The merchandise, initially made to render photos in video video games, have grow to be crucial for big computer systems which might be used to coach synthetic intelligence algorithms.

Paul Triolo, senior vice chairman for China at Albright Stonebridge Group, a technique agency, stated the transfer was “in all probability the strongest form of regulatory and export management assertion that the U.S. authorities has made with respect to China’s entry to U.S. know-how,” and that it was coming at a delicate time for the Chinese language management, forward of a gathering of the nationwide celebration congress that may start Oct. 16.

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“The administration is placing its foot down right here,” Mr. Triolo stated.

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Commentary: Stephen Miller says Americans will live better lives without immigrants. He's blowing smoke

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Commentary: Stephen Miller says Americans will live better lives without immigrants. He's blowing smoke

Stephen Miller, the front man for Donald Trump’s deportation campaign against immigrants, took to the airwaves the other day to explain why native-born Americans will just love living in a world cleansed of undocumented workers.

“What would Los Angeles look like without illegal aliens?” he asked on Fox News. “Here’s what it would look like: You would be able to see a doctor in the emergency room right away, no wait time, no problems. Your kids would go to a public school that had more money than they know what to do with. Classrooms would be half the size. Students who have special needs would get all the attention that they needed. … There would be no fentanyl, there would be no drug deaths.” Etc., etc.

No one can dispute that the world Miller described on Fox would be a paradise on Earth. No waiting at the ER? School districts flush with cash? No drug deaths? But that doesn’t obscure that pretty much every word Miller uttered was fiction.

The leaders in Los Angeles have formed an alliance with the cartels and criminal aliens.

— Trump aide Stephen Miller concocts a fantasy about L.A.

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The gist of Miller’s spiel — in fact, the worldview that he has been espousing for years — is that “illegal aliens” are responsible for all those ills, and exclusively responsible. It’s nothing but a Trumpian fantasy.

Let’s take a look, starting with overcrowding at the ER.

The issue has been the focus of numerous studies and surveys. Overwhelmingly, they conclude that undocumented immigration is irrelevant to ER overcrowding. In fact, immigrants generally and undocumented immigrants in particular are less likely to get their healthcare at the emergency room than native-born Americans.

In California, according to a 2014 study from UCLA, “one in five U.S.-born adults visits the ER annually, compared with roughly one in 10 undocumented adults — approximately half the rate of U.S.-born residents.”

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Among the reasons, explained Nadereh Pourat, the study’s lead author and director of research at the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, was fear of being asked to provide documents.

The result is that undocumented individuals avoid seeking any healthcare until they become critically ill. The UCLA study found that undocumented immigrants’ average number of doctor visits per year was lower than for other cohorts: 2.3 for children and 1.7 for adults, compared with 2.8 doctor visits for U.S.-born children and 3.2 for adults.

ER overcrowding is an issue of long standing in the U.S., but it’s not the result of an influx of undocumented immigrants. It’s due to a confluence of other factors, including the tendency of even insured patients to use the ER as a primary care center, presenting with complicated or chronic ailments for which ER medicine is not well-suited.

While caseloads at emergency departments have surged, their capacities are shrinking.

According to a 2007 report by the National Academy of Sciences, from 1993 to 2003 the U.S. population grew by 12%, hospital admissions by 13% and ER visits by 26%. “Not only is [emergency department] volume increasing, but patients coming to the ED are older and sicker and require more complex and time-consuming workups and treatments,” the report observed. “During this same period, the United States experienced a net loss of 703 hospitals, 198,000 hospital beds, and 425 hospital EDs, mainly in response to cost-cutting measures.”

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President Trump’s immigration policies during his first term suppressed the use of public healthcare facilities by undocumented immigrants and their families. The key policy was the administration’s tightening of the “public charge” rule, which applies to those seeking admission to the United States or hoping to upgrade their immigration status.

The rule, which has been part of U.S. immigration policy for more than a century, allowed immigration authorities to deny entry — or deny citizenship applications of green card holders — to anyone judged to become a recipient of public assistance such as welfare (today known chiefly as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, or TANF) or other cash assistance programs.

Until Trump, healthcare programs such as Medicaid, nutrition programs such as food stamps, and subsidized housing programs weren’t part of the public charge test.

Even before Trump implemented the change but after a draft version leaked out, clinics serving immigrant communities across California and nationwide detected a marked drop off in patients.

A clinic on the edge of Boyle Heights in Los Angeles that had been serving 12,000 patients, I reported in 2018, saw monthly patient enrollments fall by about one-third after Trump’s 2016 election, and an additional 25% after the leak. President Biden rescinded the Trump rule within weeks of taking office.

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Undocumented immigrants are sure to be less likely to access public healthcare services, such as those available at emergency rooms, as a result of Trump’s rescinding “sensitive location” restrictions on immigration agents that had been in effect at least since 2011.

That policy barred almost all immigration enforcement actions at schools, places of worship, funerals and weddings, public marches or rallies, and hospitals. Trump rescinded the policy on inauguration day in January.

The goal was for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE, agents “to make substantial efforts to avoid unnecessarily alarming local communities,” agency officials stated. Today, as public shows of force and public raids by ICE have demonstrated, instilling alarm in local communities appears to be the goal.

The change in the sensitive locations policy has prompted hospital and ER managers to establish formal procedures for staff confronted with the arrival of immigration agents.

A model policy drafted by the Emergency Medicine Residents Assn. says staff should request identification and a warrant or other document attesting to the need for the presence of agents. It urges staff to determine whether the agents are enforcing a judicial warrant (signed by a judge) or administrative warrant (issued by ICE). The latter doesn’t grant agents access to private hospital areas such as patient rooms or operating areas.

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What about school funding? Is Miller right to assert that mass deportations will free up a torrent of funding and cutting class sizes in half? He doesn’t know what he’s talking about.

Most school funding in California and most other places is based on attendance. In California, the number of immigrant children in the schools was 189,634 last year. The total K-12 population was 5,837,700, making the immigrant student body 3.25% of the total. Not half.

In the Los Angeles Unified School District, the estimated 30,000 children from immigrant families amounted to about 7.35% of last year’s enrollment of 408,083. Also not half.

With the deportation of immigrant children, the schools would lose whatever federal funding was attached to their attendance. Schools nationwide receive enhanced federal funding for English learners and other immigrants. That money, presumably, would disappear if the pupils go.

What Miller failed to mention on Fox is the possible impact of the Trump administration’s determination to shutter the Department of Education, placing billions of dollars of federal funding at risk. California receives more than $16 billion a year in federal aid to K-12 schools through that agency. Disabled students are at heightened risk of being deprived of resources if the agency is dismantled.

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Then there’s fentanyl. The Trump administration’s claim that undocumented immigrants are major players in this crisis appears to be just another example of its scapegoating of immigrants. The vast majority of fentanyl-related criminal convictions — nearly 90% — are of U.S. citizens. The rest included both legally present and undocumented immigrants. (The statistics comes from the U.S. Sentencing Commission.)

In other words, deport every immigrant in the United States, and you still won’t have made a dent in fentanyl trafficking, much less eliminate all drug deaths.

What are we to make of Miller’s spiel about L.A.? At one level, it’s echt Miller: The portrayal of the city as a putative hellscape, larded with accusations of complicity between the city leadership and illegal immigrants — “the leaders in Los Angeles have formed an alliance with the cartels and criminal aliens,” he said, with zero pushback from his Fox News interlocutor.

At another level, it’s a malevolent expression of white privilege. In Miller’s ideology, the only obstacles to the return to a drug-free world of frictionless healthcare and abundantly financed education are immigrants. This ideology depends on the notion that immigrants are raiding the public purse by sponging on public services.

The fact is that most undocumented immigrants aren’t eligible for most such services. They can’t enroll in Medicare, receive premium subsidies under the Affordable Care Act, or collect Social Security or Medicare benefits (though typically they submit falsified Social Security numbers to employers, so payments for the program are deducted from their paychecks).

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A 2013 study by the libertarian Cato Institute found that low-income immigrants use public benefits for which they’re eligible, such as food stamps, “at a lower rate than native-born low-income residents.”

If there’s an impulse underlying the anti-immigrant project directed by Miller other than racism, it’s hard to detect.

Federal Judge Maame Ewusi-Mensah Frimpong, who last week blocked federal agents from using racial profiling to carry out indiscriminate immigration arrests in Los Angeles, ruled that during their “roving patrols” in Los Angeles, ICE agents detained individuals principally because of their race, that they were overheard speaking Spanish or accented English, that they were doing work associated with undocumented immigrants, or were in locations frequented by undocumented immigrants seeking day work.

Miller goes down the same road as ICE — indeed, by all accounts, he’s the motivating spirit behind the L.A. raids. Because he can’t justify the raids, he has ginned up a fantasy of immigrants disrupting our healthcare and school programs, and the corollary fantasy that evicting them all will produce an Earthly paradise for the rest of us. Does anybody really believe that?

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Musk says he will seek shareholder approval for Tesla investment in xAI

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Musk says he will seek shareholder approval for Tesla investment in xAI

Tech billionaire Elon Musk said he would like Tesla to invest in his artificial intelligence company xAI.

While Musk is considering the relationship between several of his businesses, he said on X that he does not support a merger between Tesla and xAI.

“If it was up to me, Tesla would have invested in xAI long ago,” Musk wrote on X on Sunday. “We will have a shareholder vote on the matter.”

xAI is the company behind the controversial chatbot Grok, which is available on X and also used in Teslas delivered on or after July 12. Grok came under fire earlier this month for praising Adolf Hitler and making antisemitic comments.

The AI company apologized for the chatbot’s behavior, saying that a coding problem temporarily made Grok susceptible to extremist views posted on X.

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Earlier, Grok had contradicted itself while sharing information about the deadly flash floods that killed at least 130 people in Texas this month. The bot blamed President Trump for the flooding, but then backtracked and understated the death toll.

Musk is scrambling to keep up in the AI race after helping launch OpenAI with Sam Altman in 2015, the company behind the wildly popular chatbot ChatGPT, which helped spur on the current AI craze. Musk left OpenAI in 2018 and is now entangled in legal battles with the company.

In March, xAI acquired X in an all-stock transaction that valued the artificial intelligence company at $80 billion and the social media platform at $33 billion.

Musk scored a victory for Grok on Monday, when xAI announced “Grok for Government” and a contract with the U.S. Department of Defense.

After a disruptive stint in the Trump administration that sent Tesla shares stumbling, Musk formally stepped down from his role in the federal government in May. He has since been feuding with the president, further risking Tesla’s reputation, according to some experts.

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Tesla shares rose slightly Monday after Musk’s posts about Tesla’s possible investment in xAI. The shares have fallen more than 16% this year. The company’s profit plunged 71% in the first quarter.

Tesla delivered 384,122 vehicles in the second quarter through June, down 13% from 443,956 deliveries a year ago.

Its shares rose more than 1% Monday.

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'Superman' rescues DC at the box office with a $122-million debut

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'Superman' rescues DC at the box office with a 2-million debut

James Gunn’s “Superman” soared to the top of the box office this weekend, giving Warner Bros.’s DC Studios much-needed momentum in the superhero genre after a string of underperforming movies.

“Superman,” which stars David Corenswet as the Man of Steel, hauled in a robust $122 million in the U.S. and Canada. Globally, “Superman” brought in a total of $217 million.

The movie was a big swing for Burbank-based Warner Bros. and DC, costing an estimated $225 million to produce, not including substantial spending on a global marketing campaign.

“Superman” benefited from mostly positive critics reviews — the movie notched a 82% approval rating on aggregator Rotten Tomatoes. Moviegoers liked it too, indicated by an “A-” grade from polling firm CinemaScore and a 93% positive audience rating from Rotten Tomatoes.

The performance for “Superman” fell short of expectations from some analysts, who had projected an opening weekend of $130 million. Industry observers attributed that to heavy competition from other blockbusters, including Universal’s “Jurassic World Rebirth” and Apple and Warner Bros.’ “F1 The Movie.”

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Shortly before its release, “Superman” came under fire from right-wing commentators, who criticized comments Gunn made to the Times of London about how Superman (created by a Jewish writer-artist team in the late 1930s) is an immigrant and that he is “the story of America.”

“If there’s any softness here, it’s overseas,” said industry analyst and consultant David A. Gross in his FranchiseRe newsletter, after describing the domestic opening as “outstanding” for a longrunning superhero franchise.

The movie generated $95 million outside the U.S. and Canada.

Analysts had raised questions about whether Superman’s reputation for earnestly promoting truth, justice and the American way would still appeal to a global audience, particularly as other countries have bristled at the U.S. tariff and trade policies enacted by President Trump.

“Superman has always been identified as a quintessentially American character and story, and in some parts of the world, America is currently not enjoying its greatest popularity,” Gross said.

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The movie’s overall success is key to a planned reboot and refresh of the DC universe. Gunn and producer Peter Safran were named co-chairmen and co-chief executives of DC Studios in 2022 to help turn around the Warner Bros.-owned superhero brand after a years-long rough patch.

While 2013’s “Man of Steel,” directed by Zack Snyder, and 2016’s “Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice” each achieved substantial box office hauls, they did not receive overwhelmingly positive reviews. 2017’s “Justice League,” which was intended to be DC’s version of Marvel Studios’ “Avengers,” was a critical and commercial disaster for the studio.

More recently, films focused on other DC characters such as 2023’s “Shazam! Fury of the Gods,” “The Flash” and last year’s “Joker: Folie à Deux” struggled at the box office.

With Gunn and Safran at the helm, the pair are now tasked with creating a cohesive vision and framework for its superhero universe, not unlike its rival Marvel, which has long consolidated control under president Kevin Feige (though its films and shows are handled by different directors).

Starting the new DC epoch with Superman also presented its own unique challenges. Though he is one of the most recognizable superheroes in the world, Superman’s film track record has been a roller coaster. Alternatively sincere, campy or gritty, the Man of Steel has been difficult for filmmakers and producers to strike the right tone.

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Gunn’s version of “Superman” — still mostly sincere but a touch of the filmmaker’s signature goofy humor — worked for critics and audiences. It was a tall order, considering some fans still hold Richard Donner’s 1978 “Superman,” starring Christopher Reeve, as the gold standard.

“Pinning down ‘Superman’ has been a challenge,” said Paul Dergarabedian, senior media analyst at Comscore. “It’s been like Kryptonite for years for many filmmakers and producers to get it right.”

“Superman” bumped “Jurassic World Rebirth” to second place, where it collected $38.8 million domestically over the weekend for a total of $231 million so far. “F1,” Universal’s “How to Train Your Dragon” and Disney-Pixar’s “Elio” rounded out the top five at the box office this weekend.

Later this month, another major superhero movie will enter the summer blockbuster marketplace: “The Fantastic Four: First Steps,” from Walt Disney Co.-owned Marvel Studios.

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