Address Newsletter
Our weekly digest on buying, selling, and design, with expert advice and insider neighborhood knowledge.
The Senate bill echoes legislation unanimously passed by the State House in October, part of a multi-year effort in Massachusetts to overhaul reading instruction methods.
Senator Sal DiDomenico, the Senate leader on the legislation, said the bill is vital to ensure the state’s high educational achievement applies to all groups.
“We rest on our laurels a lot about being #1 in education across the nation, but when you dig a little deeper, it’s a tale of two cities,” DiDomenico said. “Only four out of 10 third-graders are reaching benchmarks at reading.”
The numbers are worse for subgroups such as Black students, low income students, and English learners, DiDomenico noted. Just 14 percent of students with disabilities, for example, are meeting benchmarks, he said.
The bill has the backing of Governor Maura Healey and Senate President Karen Spilka, alongside a coalition of groups known as Mass Reads that includes education reform-linked groups like charter schools, civil rights groups like the Boston branch of the NAACP, and business groups. (A number of the members of MassReads have received grants from the Barr Foundation, which also helps fund the Globe’s Great Divide education reporting team.)
The bill faces opposition from some organizations, however, including the state’s largest teacher’s union and an education professor whose curriculum could be prohibited in Massachusetts schools.
The Senate proposal diverges most notably from the House by requiring the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education to provide a complete kindergarten-to-Grade 3 curriculum for free to schools. That provision could in part address the concerns of local district that the legislation is a unfunded mandate on local governments.
The Senate plan also eliminates a ban, which the House bill included, on “three-cueing,” a widely disparaged technique that involves using context like pictures instead of phonics to figure out unfamiliar words.
If the bill passes, the House and Senate will need settle any differences before sending the legislation to Healey for her signature. In a statement, the governor praised the bill.
“We have been proud to partner with the Legislature to increase literacy funding, and this bill is another important step toward ensuring every student has high-quality literacy education,” she said.
The Senate will address dozens of proposed amendments to the bill before voting Thursday, including one that would largely defang it by removing the requirement that all curriculums get state approval. Others would increase the state’s responsibility to cover costs, along with various proposals not directly related to reading.
As part of its bill, the House passed a union-backed set of amendments centered around promoting librarians, reading specialists, and other school-based literacy staff. Similar amendments are also before the Senate.
Similar bills have failed in the Legislature for years in the face of opposition from the Massachusetts Teachers Association and some local school districts. Critics have decried proposals as restricting teachers’ autonomy to adapt to student needs and disputed the validity of the “Science of Reading” movement, a body of research in part underlying the bills that emphasizes phonics as a key to early reading success.
“Curriculum mandates are an oversimplified response to a complex problem,” said Max Page, president of the union, in a statement. “There is no proof that such mandates yield sustained success in any of the states that have passed so-called literacy laws.”
The legislation has drawn less coordinated opposition than it did in some prior years. The Massachusetts Association of School Superintendents opposed similar legislation in 2024, for example, but has largely sat out the current battle.
Supporters argue a mandate is needed to stop districts from using curriculums the state considers low-quality, a widespread practice covered by the Globe’s Great Divide education team in a 2023 investigation. Mary Tamer, the founder and executive director of MassPotential, a Boston-based education advocacy organization that is part of the MassReads coalition, said teachers will benefit from the curriculum requirement.
“We know, having followed what other states have done, the tremendous difference it can be make when a district is not only using the proper instructional materials but when teachers are trained in the use of those materials,” Tamer said. “We want to make sure every principal, every teacher has access to high-quality instructional materials.”
Most states have passed some sort of “Science of Reading” law in the last few years, many with limited results. But proponents of the Massachusetts bill point to states like Louisiana and Mississippi, which have bucked the nationwide decline in achievement over the past decade in part via comprehensive reading instruction reforms.
Both sides agree that much will depend on the bill’s implementation. The state-provided curriculum, for example, could come in any number of forms: The state could expand its existing Appleseeds literacy materials, which currently cover only Kindergarten to Grade 2; it could develop something new; or it could license and adapt other existing materials, such as the free University of Florida Literacy Institute Foundations Toolbox.
One of the biggest concerns from critics has been cost, with the union opponents arguing that the proposals to date do not go far enough in paying for the transition. The Senate bill would create a new special fund, seeded with $25 million in Millionaires’ Tax funds, which the state’s education department could use to develop or adapt the free curriculum, and provide grants to districts to help them implement the law.
Healey and the state Legislature have already provided tens of millions of dollars in funding for curriculum improvements, teacher training, and tutoring over the last few years. In her 2027 budget proposal released on Wednesday, Healey proposed further increasing that investment.
Similarly, the state already publishes a list of curriculums it considers high-quality, based on reviews by Massachusetts teachers and by groups such as EdReports, a North Carolina-based nonprofit that evaluates teaching materials. But that list could grow or change in the future, particularly as new curricula are published in response to similar laws across the nation.
Both bills allow districts to seek waivers from the state list by demonstrating their curriculums align with the law’s definition of evidence-based instruction. Several amendments before the Senate would expand waivers to cover districts or schools that prove they have strong reading results, regardless of curriculum.
“At the very least, let the schools and districts that are doing really well off the hook,” said Lynn Schade, a former teacher and teacher training provider who opposes the bill. “If it ain’t broken, don’t fix it.”
Christopher Huffaker can be reached at christopher.huffaker@globe.com. Follow him @huffakingit.
Governor Maura Healey said in a statement that she was “deeply disappointed” by the president’s decision and would keep fighting to secure federal dollars for Massachusetts.
“Our first responders, public works crews, and local communities worked around the clock to keep people safe and begin recovery,” she said. “They did their job, and now President Trump needs to do his.”
Climate advocates say the denial — which came on the same day that Trump rejected three other Democrat-led states’ requests for winter storm relief — reflects the administration’s politicization of disaster aid.
“Communities in Massachusetts and everywhere deserve a federal government that makes decisions for all people, and not just those that they perceive as having voted for them,” said Kate Sinding Daly, senior vice president for law and policy at the Conservation Law Foundation.
The president can declare a major disaster when a natural catastrophe is shown to have exceeded a state’s capabilities and resources. An analysis conducted by POLITICO in March found that it is three times harder for blue states than red states to get disaster funding under Trump.
According to the analysis, the president has approved just 23 percent of disaster funding requests from states with a Democratic governor and two Democratic senators, compared with 89 percent of requests from states represented by Republicans — an unprecedented discrepancy.
The analysis also found that Trump takes an average of 80 days to respond to disaster requests from Democrat-led states, compared to 39 for Republicans.
Abigail Jackson, a White House spokeswoman, strongly disputed that the Trump administration was politicizing decisions on disaster relief. She did not comment on why Trump denied Massachusetts’ request.
“President Trump provides a more thorough review of disaster declaration requests than any Administration has before him,” she said in a statement. She said the president was ensuring tax dollars were used by states “to supplement — not substitute, their obligation to respond to and recover from disasters.”
Former Washington governor Jay Inslee described the president’s approach to disaster aid as “outrageous, immoral, and illegal.” During Trump’s first term, the president reportedly ignored Inslee’s request for wildfire relief because of a personal dispute.
“He will consciously, willfully, and joyfully deny people aid who are at the most difficult moments of their lives,” said Inslee, who co-chairs the advocacy group Climate Power. “It is so infuriating to see an American president use disaster aid as a cudgel.”
The Healey administration announced in early April that it had requested a major disaster declaration for the February blizzard. It sought to reimburse state agencies and local governments in the southeastern part of the state for snow removal and other storm-related costs. The blizzard downed hundreds of power lines and trees, and nearly 300,000 people lost power at the peak of the storm.
Last week, Trump rejected disaster declaration requests from four Democrat-led states who had sought aid for the February storm: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, and New Jersey. The president’s decision came just days after he approved aid for six Republican-led states.
“Trump is either politicizing disaster declarations or he is attacking states where it snows — neither is good,” wrote Senator Ed Markey in a social media post. “The February blizzard was costly for our communities, and Trump must approve the Commonwealth’s need for assistance.”
Senator Elizabeth Warren said a statement that the president’s decision was “cruel and makes clear he doesn’t see himself as a president for all Americans.”
“Communities in Massachusetts were hit by one of the worst storms we’ve seen in decades, and instead of sending a lifeline, the President is leaving everyday Americans out to dry,” she added.
Rhode Island officials also slammed the Trump administration for denying the state’s request. The winter storm hit the state with the intensity of a Category 2 hurricane. Providence had to cap spending for the rest of the fiscal year after record-setting snow.
The state’s congressional delegation — Senator Sheldon Whitehouse, Senator Jack Reed, Representative Seth Magaziner, and Representative Gabe Amo — wrote a letter calling on the president to reverse the denial. A preliminary assessment found more than $19 million in damages across the state, the letter said.
“You chose to leave Rhode Islanders out in the cold,” the lawmakers wrote.
Meanwhile, the president approved a major disaster declaration for the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe in Massachusetts related to the February blizzard. (Federally recognized tribal governments can directly request a disaster declaration.)
Additionally, FEMA announced on Thursday that it had approved nearly $5.7 million for projects to reduce future disaster costs in New England, including more than $1 million for Massachusetts projects combating flooding.
Kate Selig can be reached at kate.selig@globe.com. Follow her on X @kate_selig.
Home Buying
If you’re in the market for a new build, you may be attracted to the modern floor plans, state-of-the-art technology, and resort-style amenities many of them offer. But you might not realize that there are financial benefits to buying new construction.
A recent report from Realtor.com found that buyers of newly built homes save an average of $25,335 over the first 10 years of ownership compared to buyers of 20-year-old homes. Those savings are even greater in Massachusetts, which topped the state-by-state list at savings of $38,927 over 10 years, due to the state’s strict building codes and harsh winters. Neighboring New Hampshire, Maine, Rhode Island, and Vermont rounded out the top five.
But in Greater Boston, where much of the new-home inventory consists of luxury condominiums, buyers still have to balance those long-term savings with higher upfront purchase prices and steep condominium association assessments.
Ryan J. Glass, vice president of Gibson Sotheby’s International Realty in Boston, said that in the first quarter of 2026, luxury full-service buildings citywide averaged approximately $1,698 per square foot, while many of Boston’s historic brownstone neighborhoods generally landed in the $1,200- to $1,500-per-square-foot range. That means that a buyer with a $3 million budget may be looking at 1,750 to 1,800 square feet in a new luxury tower compared to 2,200 to 2,400 square feet in a comparable renovated brownstone, he said.
Ellyn Hartmayer, 60, and her husband, John Hartmayer, 58, looked at more than 75 properties — both new construction and existing — before purchasing a 2,875-square-foot Back Bay condominium for $3.25 million in May. The unit has three bedrooms, three bathrooms, and a private terrace with views of the Charles River Esplanade. It’s located in a 10-unit building that was constructed in 1950. While the couple initially considered buying a new unit in a luxury high-rise because of the modern amenities, they “became increasingly focused on where the best long-term value was,” Ellyn said Hartmayer. After a lengthy search, they found a unique property in the Back Bay that offered everything they wanted: single-level living, extra space for their children to visit, elevator access, garage parking, and private outdoor space.
“The combination of a prime location, square footage, value, and potential ultimately outweighed the appeal of a newer building,” said Ellyn Hartmayer.
In Massachusetts, the median price of a new-build is 46.7 percent more than the median price of an existing home, according to Joel Berner, Realtor.com’s senior economist.
“If you buy a new home in Massachusetts, you’ll recoup savings over time because of the harsh climate and building codes,” Berner said. “But you will have spent so much more upfront that it may or may not actually break even.”
Builder concessions can even the playing field. According to a recent survey by the National Association of Home Builders, 64 percent of builders offered sales incentives, and 37 percent actually cut new-construction prices. Many are offering buydowns on mortgage rates as well.
“If you can only afford a $500,000 existing home, maybe in the new construction space, with the 10-year savings, builder concessions, and a mortgage rate buydown, you can afford $575,000,” said Berner. “Don’t just look at the sticker price. Look at your long-term monthly cash flow, and potentially you might have more wiggle room in your budget for new construction than you thought.”
Glass tells his buyer clients the same thing. “Consider which property is the better value for your budget, as well as the location,” he said. “Sometimes a market is saturated with new construction, so you can get a better deal on it. Other times, new construction is hard to find, and you can’t get as good a deal as you could on existing construction. Keep your options open.”
Some buyers also feel that the higher price of new buildings is justified by things like a concierge, a fitness center, or valet parking, Glass added.
Indeed, a newly built home offers some advantages:
It’s move-in ready. It’s new and has never been lived in. You’ll have new fixtures, new appliances, and you’ll receive a builder’s warranty to protect you, and won’t need major repairs for several years. “Today’s new homes are built better than ever,” said Ryan O’Rourke, division president for luxury homebuilder Toll Brothers in Massachusetts.
It will be built to the latest building code and will be more energy-efficient than an older home.
The insurance will cost less, assuming you don’t purchase on Cape Cod or another coastal area. “New homes have brand-new roofs, electrical systems, plumbing, HVAC equipment, and other major components that are less likely to fail and generate claims,” said Loretta L. Worters, vice president of the Insurance Information Institute. “By contrast, older homes may have aging roofs, outdated wiring, older plumbing systems, or deferred maintenance issues that increase the likelihood of claims and can result in higher premiums.”
Newer homes come with modern floor plans. Older homes can be dark with small rooms, while new construction will reflect current design trends (like open floor plans and kitchens with large islands) and the way people live now.
You can make it your own. Builders usually give buyers the opportunity to customize their new homes, choosing everything from the model and lot it sits on to cabinets, countertops, flooring, and appliances.
Our weekly digest on buying, selling, and design, with expert advice and insider neighborhood knowledge.
Max McColgan of Nashawtuc CC and Joseph Lenane of George Wright GC shared the Harry B. McCracken Jr. medal after finishing a rain-suspended second round of stroke play at 3-under-par in the 118th Massachusetts Amateur at Winchester Country Club on Wednesday.
McColgan and Lenane advanced into match play as the top two seeds, but only one of them advanced past the Round of 32. McColgan beat Dylan Greenwald of The Haven CC, 2-and-1, but Lenane fell to No. 31 seed Ricky Stimets of Barnstable Golf on the 19th hole of their match. Stimets will face Zachary Georgantas of Foxborough CC in the Round of 16 after Georgantas needed 21 holes to beat Joey Monahan at his home course.
Patrick Kilcoyne, who was the runner-up last year at GreatHorse, finished stroke play tied for third with 2024 champion Matthew Naumec at 2-under. Kilcoyne scored a 1-up victory over Winchester CC’s Jake Peer in match play, while Naumec won a thriller over Kyle Tibbetts in 22 holes in the final match of the day.
Elsewhere in the round of 32, No. 27 seed Maxx Zides finished 1 up over No. 6 seed Sam Grindle, while No. 24 seed Ben Spitz held on to finish 1 up on No. 9 seed Conner Willett as well.
Match play will continue on Thursday, with McColgan teeing off against C.J. Winchenbaugh at 7:30 a.m. in the round of 16 to start a busy day of action on the course. A 36-hole final is scheduled for Friday.
California teen e-biker baiting police to chase tracked by drone, arrested
Our picks for state\nSenate from Wayne Co. | Endorsements
Man reported missing in San Francisco
How to buy France World Cup semifinal soccer tickets in Dallas
Miami-Dade Schools names six semifinalists for superintendent
Lawsuit: ICE detained East Boston father despite legal status
Victor Marx wins GOP primary for Colorado governor, defeating veteran lawmaker after unorthodox campaign
Widower of pregnant woman who was shot to death in Seattle sues homelessness authority