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Connie Chung says booze and bawdy jokes helped her break into journalism's boys club

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Connie Chung says booze and bawdy jokes helped her break into journalism's boys club


TONYA MOSLEY, HOST:

This is FRESH AIR. I’m Tonya Mosley. We’re looking back at some of our favorite interviews of the year. Today, pioneering TV journalist Connie Chung. When Chung appeared on television back in the ’70s, it was the first time many Americans had seen an Asian woman reporting the news and setting the national conversation with her interviews with heads of state and controversial figures. For three decades, Chung was a key player in every major news cycle, covering Capitol Hill, the White House, the Pentagon and the State Department. In 1991, she was the first journalist to get a sit-down interview with Magic Johnson just a month after he announced his HIV status.

Connie Chung has worked for ABC, both NBC and MSNBC, CNN and CBS, where she got her start and later became the first woman to co-anchor the CBS Evening News with Dan Rather and the second woman in the history of television news to anchor an evening newscast. I spoke with Chung in September for her memoir, where she gives a behind-the-scenes look at what it took for her to climb to the top of the male-dominated field of TV news. Chung spills the tea on some well-known celebrities and politicians who hit on her and she doesn’t shy away from naming names of people who crossed her and sometimes made her job more difficult than it needed to be. We also talk about one of the more challenging interviews with Donald Trump in 1990.

(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, “SATURDAY NIGHT WITH CONNIE CHUNG”)

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CONNIE CHUNG: What Donald Trump does, of course, is make a lot of money and make sure everybody knows it – a yacht, a mansion, a bigger mansion, an airline, two casinos, a bigger casino.

DONALD TRUMP: That is really incredible. There’s nothing like it. There’s nothing like this place.

CHUNG: By now, his possessions are more familiar to us than what we have hanging in our own closets. His buildings? Well, you know which one they are.

TRUMP: I sell very great condominiums in New York. I have the best casinos in the world.

CHUNG: They aren’t that great.

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TRUMP: They’re the best.

CHUNG: Come on. They’re not the best.

TRUMP: What, the Trump Tower?

CHUNG: Maybe if you can try and answer this question without giving me the normal spiel.

MOSLEY: That’s Connie Chung interviewing Donald Trump in 1990. I asked her what she remembered most about that interview.

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(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED NPR BROADCAST)

CHUNG: I’ll set the stage; otherwise, I’m going to get myself in such trouble, Tonya. I was doing this program called “Saturday Night With Connie Chung,” and I was the only correspondent because we had another format prior to that, and it really was excoriated, and it tanked. So I had to then go out on stories every week to fill an hour program. I was traveling all over the country in the world and everything. I was pretty darn exhausted. Then the executive producer comes to me and says, we have an interview with Donald Trump. At the time, he had not planned to run on – run for president by any means.

MOSLEY: Right, yeah.

CHUNG: He was a mogul. He was actually a very – he was a tabloid king because he was always on – in the New York tabloids. And that was his – that period of his claim to fame. So I went, I don’t want to. Why are we – whining. Oh, boy, did I whine. And he said…

MOSLEY: Well, you didn’t mince words. I mean, after your interview aired, Trump did what we’ve seen him do to many reporters over the years, and he dug into you ’cause you dug into him.

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CHUNG: Well, guilty as charged, I did. And he went on “The Joan Rivers Show,” and at the time, she had a talk show. And he said that I was – he used all those words that he is wont to use with some female journalists, you know? That was…

MOSLEY: He called you a lightweight.

CHUNG: Yeah. And I can’t remember the exact words, but that I was basically stupid and didn’t ask good questions and all of that. So I would see him – my husband is a crazy golfer. You know, my husband, Maury Povich, who’s been…

MOSLEY: Yes.

CHUNG: …Determining the paternity of every child in America.

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MOSLEY: Yes (laughter).

CHUNG: You are the father. You are not the father. Well, in addition to that, my husband is a very good golfer as well. I would see Donald Trump at celebrity golf tournaments in which my husband was playing. And he ghosted me, essentially. He – it was as if I were invisible. I wasn’t there. Maury would say, you know Connie. And I was just invisible.

MOSLEY: You started in the early ’70s, and in many instances, you were the only woman among these guys. In particular, you write about being on the road covering the 1972 presidential campaign. You were traveling, essentially with the press corps of all men. And you realized that being funny was a way to disarm or diffuse. But did it ever feel dangerous?

CHUNG: No. No, it wasn’t dangerous. It was just fraught with sexism. And, I mean, I think they all saw me as this unusual little toy. And I…

MOSLEY: They almost seemed you like a delight, like, almost a novelty…

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CHUNG: Yes.

MOSLEY: …Kind of tinged with fetish behavior. But that was until you started to scoop them.

CHUNG: (Laughter) Well, they did – they were surprised when I came up with a story that they didn’t have. It was a little competition, you know, and I loved the competition. So I just developed this sense of humor, and what I did was I tried to get them before they got me. And I had this propensity to be much too bawdy. And it was antithetical to what I looked like. You know, I looked like a lotus blossom, and they were appalled that I had the audacity to use a bad word. But at the same time, they found it very comical.

MOSLEY: There’s this story that you tell about being a Goody Two-shoes. Is it Timothy Crouse? He wrote in his book, “The Boys On The Bus,” which is about covering the ’72 presidential campaign, that – he says this about you, quote, “TV correspondents would join the wee-hour poker games or drinking. Connie Chung, the pretty Chinese CBS correspondent, occupied the room next to mine. And she always was back by midnight, reciting a final 60-second radio spot into her Sony or absorbing one last press release before getting a good night’s sleep.” And the next morning, he noted, you would be up and at them with the other reporters – all guys – and they were staving off a hangover. But the thing about it was, they would always scoop you, even still. You were in your room doing all of that hard work, and they were at the bar getting to know the sources.

CHUNG: You got it. And when I realized that, and I did because I would call the assignment editor in Washington, the overnight assignment editor, and I’d say, what broke overnight? Or what’s the – what’s on the front page of The New York Times, Washington Post, Boston Globe, LA Times, whatever? Whatever he had access to or whatever was released early enough. And I realized that they were getting stories. And it suddenly dawned on me they were saucing up the campaign manager and everyone who worked for the candidate and letting them spill the beans. So I said, end of staying in my room. I’m going down to the bar. And I did.

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MOSLEY: Yeah.

CHUNG: I could drink when I was in college. I learned how to, you know, take a few down and still stay sane. I wasn’t driving anywhere. I was just walking back to my room. And therein lies a great way to learn how to be a reporter.

MOSLEY: Right, right. You had to get in there. You had to do that – play that game.

CHUNG: Exactly. The only place I couldn’t enter where the men were, obviously, was the men’s room.

MOSLEY: Yeah.

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CHUNG: And they got stories there. You know, I couldn’t…

MOSLEY: That was – yeah.

CHUNG: …Infiltrate the men’s room.

MOSLEY: Your book, as well as this book I read a few months ago, it’s a biography about Barbara Walters. It just showcases how even at the height of your career – because you were very well known then – you were out there getting your own stories.

CHUNG: You know, Barbara Walters taught me that. I knew that she picked up the phone herself. She wrote a letter. She faxed. She called. She nudged. She would say, let’s have lunch. And I recall it being Barbered (ph). And she – Barbara Barbered me. When we were – when I was fired from the CBS Evening News, she called me and started trying to get the first interview with me when I emerged from my bunker. It was just remarkable.

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You know, Barbara and I had a lot in common. I – she was clearly the pioneer and paved our way. But she was the breadwinner in her family because her father’s nightclubs tanked, and she had to take care of her mother and her father, support her mother and her father and her disabled sister. I was the breadwinner in my family as well for my mother and father. I supported them for – till the day they died. From about 25 on, I was their parent. We both co-anchored with someone who despised us, a man. We were both fired after two years. We both adopted a child. We both married nice Jewish boys. Although, I think Barbara married maybe two or three (laughter).

MOSLEY: Yeah.

CHUNG: But, you know, I really did – I admired Barbara because she paved our way.

MOSLEY: Let’s take a short break. If you’re just joining us, my guest is Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir that chronicles her life growing up with her four older sisters and parents who migrated from China and her career as the first woman and Asian American to anchor a national network news program in the U.S. We’ll continue our conversation after a short break. This is FRESH AIR. This is FRESH AIR. Today, I am talking with trailblazing television journalist Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir about her life and career in television news, titled “Connie: A Memoir.” The book chronicles her parents’ harrowing migration from China to the U.S., her first job in television news, breaking major news stories, interviewing luminaries and how she made history as the first woman to co-anchor the “CBS Evening News” and the first Asian to anchor a news program in the United States.

Connie, you’ve mentioned your husband, Maury Povich. You all have been married for nearly 40 years. You got married late, 38 years old. No matter how much it seems to be common knowledge – ’cause even for a time you guys had a show together – there’s always somebody in the room that’s surprised you two are a couple. And it’s surprising, I think, because your personas are so different – your public personas. But as you write in this book, you all seem to be the perfect match. When did you realize that?

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CHUNG: I’m still wondering how come we are the perfect…

(LAUGHTER)

CHUNG: …Match, you know, because we are so different. But the public personas belie what is really behind our door. And the reason why I say that is because he, although he does this – has been determining the paternity of every child in America and utters these, you know, words, you are the father, and you are not the father. He is…

MOSLEY: Do you joke with him about that at home. I just get the feeling.

CHUNG: Yeah, I tease him. And – but also, he says, I’m just a trashy talk show host. So he he’s a very down-to-earth, realistic guy. He’s – what belies his public persona is that he is very much a voracious reader. He’s a political buff. He’s a history buff. He could run circles around these pseudo-intellectuals who do interviews with important people. And I always say that to him. Why don’t you do a serious talk show? And he says – and I said, you’re so smart. And people don’t know how smart you are. And he says, as long as you know that, I’m fine. And I thought, oh, my goodness. What a guy.

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MOSLEY: Is it also an indication of two different things that drive you, both?

CHUNG: Yes. The difference is, I am not serious. And you now know that, Tonya, because you’ve read my book. And I – he has to curb my enthusiasm because I’m liable to do something off-the-wall. It is not he who would do something off-the-wall. It is I. And he has to talk me out of it. Because I say, why? You would do it. And he’d say, no, you have a reputation to uphold.

MOSLEY: The thing about it is that publicly, what you do is that it seems like you’re always explaining to people who Maury Povich really is behind, I am not the father. And I did not realize that you actually have been doing this even before Maury had the Maury Povich show. Back when he was on “A Current Affair,” there’s this legendary skit that you and David Letterman did back in 1989. You were a regular guest on the show, and he decided to do a skit outside of the studio with you, ’cause you guys had really great chemistry when you were on the show. The jokes always really landed. And I want to play a clip from this skit that you all did. What we are going to hear is you and David going to a shoe store to buy shoe trees for Maury Povich, for your husband. And David is being really snarky about your relationship. Let’s listen.

(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, “LATE NIGHT WITH DAVID LETTERMAN”)

DAVID LETTERMAN: Connie, let’s check in here. Hi. We need to pick up some special order shoe trees.

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UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #1: Hello.

DAVID LETTERMAN: Hi. How are you?

UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #1: Oh, my God.

DAVID LETTERMAN: Nice to see you. Special-order shoe trees for Connie’s husband, Murray (ph).

CHUNG: Maury.

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DAVID LETTERMAN: He has problem feet. We had to special order them.

CHUNG: He doesn’t have problem feet.

DAVID LETTERMAN: This is why. He has extra-wide feet.

CHUNG: No, no. I think they’re right over here.

UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #1: Right over…

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DAVID LETTERMAN: Oh, those are beauties.

UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #2: Yeah, they are.

DAVID LETTERMAN: Look at those, Connie.

CHUNG: That’s great.

DAVID LETTERMAN: What exactly do…

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UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #2: Cedarwood.

DAVID LETTERMAN: What’s the purpose of shoe trees? What do they do?

UNIDENTIFIED SHOP ASSISTANT #2: Keeps the – keep the shape of the shoes, all right?

DAVID LETTERMAN: Well, don’t your feet do that?

Let me buy the shoe trees.

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CHUNG: No. Really? no.

DAVID LETTERMAN: All right. Turn off the cameras. Turn off the cameras. See, if you – on “60 Minutes,” if you can get a guy to do that on camera…

CHUNG: Yeah.

DAVID LETTERMAN: …Say, turn off the – then you’re set for life to…

CHUNG: Yes, you’re right.

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DAVID LETTERMAN: How much is it?

CHUNG: But, David, I can’t have you pay for this, really.

DAVID LETTERMAN: Stop the whining.

CHUNG: No.

DAVID LETTERMAN: Just don’t whine, please.

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CHUNG: No, I’m paying for it. Maury’s going to be very upset.

DAVID LETTERMAN: He won’t know. How will he know?

CHUNG: ‘Cause it’s going to be on the show.

DAVID LETTERMAN: No, he’s never – yeah, like he stays up to see this.

CHUNG: He does.

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(LAUGHTER)

DAVID LETTERMAN: Pretty much dozes off in his food, doesn’t he?

(LAUGHTER)

CHUNG: I can’t believe you found that clip and you used it (laughter).

MOSLEY: Well, that was you. That was our – my guest today, Connie Chung, with David Letterman on the show in 1989. Connie, he couldn’t even say Maury’s name right. I mean, that was part of the bit, right? You’re always taking up for your husband, huh?

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CHUNG: Yes. Oh, he refused to call him Maury. He would always call him Morty (ph), Murray, Marvey (ph), I mean, whatever. And it – I said – he said, do you want to go out for pizza sometime? And I said, sure. Can I bring Maury? And he’d say, no.

MOSLEY: But, you know, I wanted to play this clip because he’s making fun of Maury, and it’s funny. But I wondered if this kind of view of your relationship – you being this revered, highly-respected journalist, Maury being seen more as a tabloid journalist – did it ever have an impact on your relationship?

CHUNG: Oh, no. Maury is very secure in who he is. I mean, it’s the biggest thing I admire about my husband. He knows he is this very, very intelligent person. And he has – he’s had a storied career as a journalist for many, many years. Then he hit upon the current type of talk show. When he was doing a talk show in Washington, D.C., he was interviewing authors and politicians – I mean, every author from Gore Vidal to Tom Wolfe to Maya Angelou. And it was a classic old talk show. And he did cooking segments with (impersonating Julia Child) Julia Child.

And he did – during Watergate, he was in the thick of it. You know, he covered Kennedy’s funeral, JFK’s funeral – covered Martin Luther King’s assassination. So he’s an old-fashioned journalist.

MOSLEY: Yeah.

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CHUNG: Then he hits upon the talk show circuit, and one of his producers comes up with the idea of the paternity of every child in America. Suddenly – so he has six and a half million Facebook followers and a million Instagram followers, and he’s become this – a walking meme. And it’s just a big kick for him. He’s – he can wax poetic about what his actually – what he actually accomplishes by determining the paternity of children, and fathers, you know, resume paying for their children instead of denying their existence. So it’s a funny – he doesn’t care what critics say, and I always care. So we have completely different views.

MOSLEY: His memoir is the one that I want to read next. But you actually say if it wasn’t for Maury, you really wouldn’t have the career that you have.

CHUNG: No. He talked me off the ledge many times when I came home, and I said to him, do you know what so-and-so said to me today? And he would say, don’t think about it. Don’t take him seriously. Take your work seriously. Don’t take yourself seriously. Don’t take the critics seriously. Let’s have dinner.

(LAUGHTER)

CHUNG: And I would seriously calm down.

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MOSLEY: Our guest today is Connie Chung. We’ll be right back after a short break. I’m Tonya Mosley, and this is FRESH AIR. This is FRESH AIR. I’m Tonya Mosley, and today my guest is award-winning journalist Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir about her life and career in television news. She takes us, in the book, behind the scenes of her news career from the showdowns with powerful men to the stories behind some of her career-defining reporting. In 1993, Chung became the first woman to coanchor the “CBS Evening News.” And a few years ago, Chung learned about a phenomenon. From the late ’70s through the mid-’90s, Asian American parents, inspired by seeing Chung on TV, named their daughters Connie, forming the Connie generation.

You know, Connie, your career, it’s not a straight line in that you had to play offense and defense. And you had to be strategic to get the big stories and the interviews. And many times, you won. That’s why you’re so successful. You got what you wanted, but it was never a straight line to get there. And one of the things that you really struggled with is being put on the celebrity beat. Yet, your news bosses felt like you were the one to do those, especially in the ’90s. You were assigned to cover, like, the O.J. murder trial and the Nancy Kerrigan and Tonya Harding skating fiasco.

These assignments were, like, an indication of something bigger happening in network television news. There was kind of this shift towards sensationalized journalism and this, like, information saturation at the same time, where the news is always on. And you were in the thick of that. That was really, like, your prime. How did you grapple with that at the time, with your news bosses basically pushing you in that direction?

CHUNG: Well, the problem was that the men could not be pushed into that direction. At CBS News, Dan Rather, who was my coanchor, wouldn’t touch it. At “60 Minutes,” it was all men at the time, and they wouldn’t touch it. They wanted nothing to do with O.J. Simpson. And, frankly, I didn’t either. But the management would come to me and say, Barbara Walters is getting X, Diane Sawyer is getting Y and Katie Couric is getting Z. You have to do this for the team, you know? I said, I don’t want to. I don’t see the value in it. It’s tabloid. I don’t know. You know, Tonya, I have a lot of regrets, but that was one of the biggest ones, of being the good girl.

MOSLEY: Allowing yourself to be put in that…

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CHUNG: Yeah. Absolutely.

MOSLEY: …That category of the entertainment?

CHUNG: Or being told what to do, resisting but never being able to put my foot down and say, I am not doing it. Go find somebody else.

MOSLEY: Well, in hindsight, was there a way to do that? What would’ve happened, do you think, if you had said that?

CHUNG: I don’t know. I really don’t know. I think they just knew I would acquiesce. I wish I had pushed them and put my foot down to take a stand.

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MOSLEY: Well, the thing about the interviews that you did, you really did bring yourself to them. You tried to make them a Connie Chung interview. One of the celebrity interviews that you went after yourself was NBA basketball star Magic Johnson…

CHUNG: Yes.

MOSLEY: …Shortly after he announced he was HIV positive. And I want to play a clip of your interview with him. It was for your show “Face To Face” in 1991. Let’s listen.

(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, “FACE TO FACE WITH CONNIE CHUNG”)

CHUNG: You’ve known about a month now that you test positive for HIV. How are you handling it? I mean, I get the feeling, see, you put the game face on for me, (laughter) you know, and that you really have some feelings that are down deep in here that you don’t really want to share with me.

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MAGIC JOHNSON: Well, first of all, I share – you know, I’ve never shared my life with anybody publicly, you know, because that’s just me. You know, at home is at home. Now, what you want to give to the public, that’s what you give. Now, with this situation, I’ve given everything from my heart.

CHUNG: Really?

JOHNSON: Yeah. I mean, I came out to say I have it to help people.

MOSLEY: That was my guest, Connie Chung, interviewing Magic Johnson in 1991, just a month after he announced that he was HIV-positive. And, Connie, I know you just mentioned how you really didn’t want to do the celebrity interview because who cares if – you know, about someone’s personal life? But this was a story that had such cultural and social significance because of HIV at that time frame. How did you get that exclusive?

CHUNG: You’re so right, Tonya. The reason why I wanted to get it was because HIV/AIDS was at the – it was a front burner story. And when Magic sacrificed himself and his reputation, his career, everything, and came out, he was such a gem. I used to kind of know Magic because I did the news in Los Angeles. And when he came on live with the sports reporter at the time, he would always say, with his big, beautiful smile, say hi to Connie. And I would (laughter) – you know, he’s just an – his smile is infectious. And he actually asked me to go have some soul food with him and his very tall friends. And we went to Maurice’s Snack ‘n’ Chat, and it was the most incredible gravy-covered fried chicken I had ever had in my life. And I wolfed it down. At that time, I was young. You know, I could eat anything I wanted, and it didn’t show up in bad places. Now there’s a festival going on below my waist.

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(LAUGHTER)

CHUNG: I said, where the heck did that come from? But it – I thought to myself, I can get that interview because I know him and I’m kind of his friend. And then when I called some other people in LA, they all said, oh, Magic’s my friend, I’ll be able to get that interview. But I thought, uh-oh. You know…

MOSLEY: But you actually did it.

CHUNG: I did.

MOSLEY: How did you do it?

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CHUNG: I flew to LA, went straight to his agent’s office and I squatted. I actually became a squatter. I sat outside his office. His assistant said, you know, he’s not going to do – the agent is not going to talk to you, and Magic is not going to do the interview with – and I said, but I’m his friend. And she said, yeah, everybody’s his friend. So I sat down and I said, I’m not leaving until he leaves to go home. So I squatted. And he had only one door to get out. Finally agreed to…

MOSLEY: And he had to pass you, yeah.

CHUNG: Yeah. And somehow, he talked to Magic, and Magic said OK. I was just so happy because it was a big interview, and Magic was too kind.

MOSLEY: Let’s take a short break. If you’re just joining us, my guest is Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir that chronicles her life growing up with her four older sisters and parents, who migrated from China, and her career as the first woman and Asian American to anchor a national network news program in the U.S. We’ll continue our conversation after a short break. This is FRESH AIR. This is FRESH AIR. Today, I am talking with trailblazing television journalist Connie Chung. She’s written a new memoir about her life and career in television news titled “Connie: A Memoir.” The book chronicles her parents’ harrowing migration from China to the U.S., her first job in television news, breaking major news stories, interviewing luminaries and how she made history as the first woman to coanchor the “CBS Evening News” and the first Asian to anchor a news program in the United States.

You mentioned being fired from the “CBS Evening News.” But it was the day that you were named coanchor with Dan Rather. You call it the best day of your professional life. It was May 14, 1993. And it was a huge deal because Barbara was the only other woman to ever anchor an evening news program. But this relationship that you had with Dan Rather, how would you describe it?

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CHUNG: On the surface, it was very superficially normal-ish. I mean, we seemed as if we were both professional and doing our jobs, but it was pretty clear to me that he didn’t want me there. I don’t blame him totally because he had owned Walter Cronkite’s chair for many years and had to move over a few inches to make room for me. I became the first coanchor at CBS. And he really – I think they must have held a gun to his head because I can’t imagine that he would’ve done it voluntarily. So there I was. And I do believe that had I been another man, had I been an animal, had I been a plant, he would not have wanted me to share. He would not have wanted anyone to share that seat with him. It was not his cup of tea.

MOSLEY: Well, there were so many rules back then with male and female anchor pairings, one being that men had the upper hand on who even spoke first.

CHUNG: Yes. Jane Pauley had to endure that when she was coanchoring with men.

MOSLEY: And you found that out when you were filling in for her on the “Today” show.

CHUNG: Yeah, could not say good morning and could not say goodbye.

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MOSLEY: Bryant Gumbel had to say it first.

CHUNG: That’s right. And she fought it, and she acknowledged that she lost. And I didn’t know that at the time. I thought, how could she acquiesce to this kind of ridiculous rule? And so I tried, and I lost, too. So I was, you know, hoping that I could set a new term for my substitution period when I was substituting for her during her pregnancies.

MOSLEY: Do you still have that thing you referenced many times in the book, do you still have that male envy…

CHUNG: I do.

MOSLEY: …In spite of all of your accomplishments? Yeah. How does that show itself? Like, what is that envy, just the power that they have?

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CHUNG: Yes, it’s the automatic respect that men get just by virtue of the fact that they’re men. I think we are perpetually trying to prove ourselves. And I think we’ve made great progress. I think women and minorities have made great progress. But Asians suffer this incredible Asian hate these days, which has reverted back to a peculiar – I mean, not peculiar, but horrible results. Women have not reached the level of parity. I think we can’t sort of quietly sit and see if it’s going to happen. We just need to continue to move forward.

MOSLEY: I know that you talk with a lot of young folks who are television correspondents and reporters and anchors. And you watch the news now. Do you see a difference? Do you see a change in that dynamic? What do you notice when you watch TV news today?

CHUNG: Well, I really appreciate the investigative reporting in television news, in all print everywhere. Any time I see an investigative report, I’m impressed. What I don’t like, of course, is if I see opinion. And there’s a lot of that. I would really like the news to swing back to objective, honest, credible straight news. And I know a lot of people – you know, people I just run into – want facts. That’s all they want.

MOSLEY: Do you miss it?

CHUNG: Only when I see – when I’m watching an interview on television, I want to throw my shoe at it if somebody isn’t asking the question, the next question that I would ask, you know, doesn’t do a follow-up. It’s very strange. I miss that, the interviews and being able to dig deeper, but I also miss the joy of going after a story that’s worthy. And I know it sounds really old-fashioned, but it’s the – if I can change a government wrong or change an attitude regarding social ills or whatever, something like that, I think it’s so gratifying. And I know a lot of my friends still feel that way as well. And they get to do it sometimes. But sometimes the ball is rolling over them, and they’re just lucky to be still in the business. And I’m happy for them because I’m looking in from the outside.

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MOSLEY: Connie Chung, thank you so much for this conversation.

CHUNG: Tonya, I think you did the best interview that I’ve done on this – that I’ve ever done, seriously. You’re a hottie not only as you – I’ve seen in pictures…

(LAUGHTER)

CHUNG: But you’re a really, really good interviewer, too.

MOSLEY: Well, this was such a pleasure, Connie.

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CHUNG: Thank you, Tonya. You were great. I mean, seriously.

MOSLEY: Connie Chung. I spoke with her in September when her memoir, “Connie,” was released. Coming up, jazz historian Kevin Whitehead looks back at the musicians we lost this year. This is FRESH AIR.

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30 years ago, ‘Waiting to Exhale’ was the blockbuster Hollywood didn’t anticipate

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30 years ago, ‘Waiting to Exhale’ was the blockbuster Hollywood didn’t anticipate

Loretta Devine, Whitney Houston, Angela Bassett and Lela Rochon.

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Many (predominantly white) critics weren’t impressed with the movie Waiting to Exhale when it opened in 1995, but moviegoers turned up in droves, making it one of the year’s most profitable blockbusters. In a year in review, The Los Angeles Times dubbed the film a “social phenomenon,” and the NAACP lavished it with Image Awards for outstanding motion picture, lead actress and more.

Ten years after the acclaim and controversy of Alice Walker’s The Color Purple and long before Girlfriends and Girls Trip, the Black women’s ensemble feature was a rarity on American screens — until this modestly-budgeted, big studio adaptation of Terry McMillan’s popular novel made its splashy debut. Before Sex and the City delved into the sex lives and pitfalls of urban daters, audiences thrilled to the sight of Waiting to Exhale foregrounding the romantic lives and misadventures of four successful, single Black women, not just struggling to survive but striving for more.

“I haven’t gotten to the point where I’ll take whatever I can get,” Savannah (Whitney Houston) observes in the movie as she refuses to settle and moves from Denver to Phoenix. “There’s a big difference between being thirsty and being dehydrated.” Her words apply to people craving better representation just as they do women seeking a love connection. In the 1990s, even as Black women were often let down while longing to see themselves depicted fully and lovingly as the center of stories, they kept seeking, often practicing what cultural scholars like Stuart Hall called negotiated reading. As scholar Jacqueline Bobo wrote in 1988 about Black women’s reception of Steven Spielberg’s adaptation of The Color Purple, “we understand that mainstream media has never rendered our segment of the population faithfully … out of habit, as readers of mainstream texts, we have learnt to ferret out the beneficial and put up blinders against the rest.”

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A humane and cheeky comedy, Waiting to Exhale exceeded expectations. So women showed up for this movie, surprising even executives at 20th Century Fox, who should have known better given the book’s fans, who swamped readings by the thousands. They gathered. They laughed. They talked. And they cried. And many saw themselves in these four women, regardless of whether they had the wardrobes and lifestyles. They knew the pain of working hard and successfully building a life, when all your family can see is that you don’t have the thing that was still so prized and validating in women’s lives — a socially approved, church-sanctified partner.

The resonance was so deep that, for years to come, the story’s reception and impact would be studied by cultural scholars. When Jacqueline Bobo published her book-length study of Black Women as Cultural Readers, Waiting to Exhale was a recurring reference point. And when Black women authors are asked about their influences, the movie Waiting to Exhale and the novel remain touchstones, the movie often the first point of entry. Danyel Smith called them “era-defining” and Tara M. Stringfellow wrote that McMillan taught her that “sisterhood is as necessary as air.”

Translating the 1992 novel to the big screen 

Like its faithful film adaptation, Terry McMillan’s bestselling book is tart, a little raunchy and incisive. Her portraits of four successful, attractive middle class Black women reflected important social changes including dramatic increases in working women and educational attainment in the 1970s to 1990s. While sociologists were debating “the marriage gap” and declining rates of marriage for Black women, McMillan’s characters were commiserating, exploring their options, cracking jokes, and braving the messy realities of life in a series of poignant and laugh out loud funny vignettes.

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It’s remarkable to see how well the film and book correspond: While the screenplay compressed some of the novel’s nuance and depth of the characters’ inner monologues and social observation, it retained and even amplified the emotional power. Despite some biases of the time – including fatphobia and the use of homophobic slurs – the themes hold up.

Casting was a major part of the charm. Still hot off her film debut opposite Kevin Costner in The Bodyguard in 1992, Whitney Houston gave the film unmistakable star power. As Savannah, she’s ambitious, the one who isn’t willing to settle no matter how much her mother pressures her, even as she recognizes dwindling odds of marriage and an abundance of frustrating suitors. She doesn’t need rescue or support. What she craves, what she’s holding out for, despite the insistent phone calls from her mother, is soul-deep love. In the book, Savannah admits to herself: “I worry. I worry about if and when I’ll ever find the right man, if I’ll ever be able to exhale… Never in a million years would I have ever believed that I would be thirty-six years old and still childless and single. But here I am.” On screen she’s just 33, and expresses these sentiments in conversation. The point lands just the same.

Savannah’s best friend Bernadine (Angela Bassett) is equal parts fierce and wounded — an impeccably groomed and soon-to-be divorced mother of two who helped build a business with her husband and then got unceremoniously dumped for a younger and whiter version of herself. Loretta Devine is striking as Gloria, a hair salon owner who has all but given up on romantic love, and dreads the looming empty nest after focusing all her attention on mothering her 17-year old son (flawlessly cast in Donald Faison of Clueless). Last, there’s the beautiful yet naive corporate underwriter Robin, played by Lela Rochon, whose taste in men leaves a lot to be desired and provides comic gold in her hapless dating adventures. Robin’s motley crew of suitors include Mykelti Williamson delivering an indelible comic turn, Leon Robinson and Wendell Pierce.

The creative talent behind the scenes was also crucial to the film’s success. It was actor Forest Whitaker’s directorial debut, working with a screenplay co-written by McMillan and Oscar-winning writer Ronald Bass, best known at the time for Rain Man. The film’s episodic structure centering milestone holidays is a little choppy and uneven, but many of the scenes deliver a gut punch or laugh out loud joy. The writing duo faithfully distilled the character and tone from the source material including much of the original dialogue. Scholars Tina M. Harris and Patricia S. Hill argue that McMillan also “influenced directorial decisions and character development” on set, enriching the story’s authentic portrayals of Black women.

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In the movie’s single most enduring (and now iconic) scene, after Bernadine’s husband tells her he’s leaving her for the company accountant, she empties his closet and then burns his expensive belongings and car in their driveway. Clad in a black lace nightgown and silk robe, with a cigarette in her hand and a look of disgust and determination on her face, Angela Bassett vibrates with indignation — heightened with sound effects and camera angles, it’s a brilliantly provocative visual translation of the events McMillan imagined in print. In the book, McMillan paints a similar picture with words. Bernadine is “feeling antsy,” fuming over being left after putting up with so much. Anger rising, she reflects on the excessive power her husband had wielded in their home and takes stock — of the “close to a thousand books, most in alphabetical order” and of John’s closet, with shirts “grouped by color” and suits “in order by designer” and of how he “had even counted the number of times they made love.” Concluding, “there was too much order in this damn house,” she frees herself, lighting most of his stuff on fire and throwing a garage sale, pricing every remaining possession at a dollar.

Three decades later, the appeal endures, despite reviews like the one in Salon that likened gender representation in Waiting to Exhale to “male bashing taken to an extreme,” “crack for the female psyche” and “cheap thrills and psychological lies masquerading as social commentary.” Three years after Waiting to Exhale‘s debut, Sex and the City would use a similar formula. Mirroring Whitaker’s production, SATC centered four white professional women pursuing romance and experiencing raunchy, farcical dating and sexual disappointments while embracing each other. It also paired action with contemplative voice overs and gave the women even more upscale and enviable lifestyles. The HBO show premiered to popular delight and somewhat better reviews, eventually garnering 54 Emmy nominations and 7 wins. Today, I see Waiting to Exhale as blazing a trail and deserving appreciation as a deeply human work of commercial art that took Black women’s lives and concerns seriously and executed its vision with style.

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‘The Middle’ Actor Pat Finn Dead at 60 After Cancer Battle

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‘The Middle’ Actor Pat Finn Dead at 60 After Cancer Battle

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‘The Middle’ Actor Dead at 60

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In Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood, children’s entertainment comes with strings

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In Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood, children’s entertainment comes with strings

The Tin Soldier, one of Nicolas Coppola’s marionette puppets, is the main character in The Steadfast Tin Soldier show at Coppola’s Puppetworks theater in Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood.

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Every weekend, at 12:30 or 2:30 p.m., children gather on foam mats and colored blocks to watch wooden renditions of The Tortoise and the Hare, Pinocchio and Aladdin for exactly 45 minutes — the length of one side of a cassette tape. “This isn’t a screen! It’s for reals happenin’ back there!” Alyssa Parkhurst, a 24-year-old puppeteer, says before each show. For most of the theater’s patrons, this is their first experience with live entertainment.

Puppetworks has served Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood for over 30 years. Many of its current regulars are the grandchildren of early patrons of the theater. Its founder and artistic director, 90-year-old Nicolas Coppola, has been a professional puppeteer since 1954.

The outside of Puppetworks in Park Slope.

The Puppetworks theater in Brooklyn’s Park Slope neighborhood.

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A workshop station behind the stage at Puppetworks, where puppets featured in the show are stored and regularly repaired.

A workshop station behind the stage at Puppetworks, where puppets are stored and repaired.

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A picture of Nicolas Coppola, the founder and artistic director of Puppetworks, in the theater space.

A picture of Nicolas Coppola, Puppetworks’ founder and artistic director, from 1970, in which he’s demonstrating an ice skater marionette puppet.

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For just $11 a seat ($12 for adults), puppets of all types — marionette, swing, hand and rod — take turns transporting patrons back to the ’80s, when most of Puppetworks’ puppets were made and the audio tracks were taped. Century-old stories are brought back to life. Some even with a modern twist.

Since Coppola started the theater, changes have been made to the theater’s repertoire of shows to better meet the cultural moment. The biggest change was the characterization of princesses in the ’60s and ’70s, Coppola says: “Now, we’re a little more enlightened.”

Michael Jones, the newest addition of puppeteers at Puppetworks with Jack-a-Napes, one of the main characters in "The Steadfast Tin Soldier." (right) A demonstration marionette puppet, used for showing children how movement and control works.

Right: Michael Jones, Puppetworks’ newest puppeteer, poses for a photo with Jack-a-Napes, one of the main characters in The Steadfast Tin Soldier. Left: A demonstration marionette puppet, used for showing children how movement and control works.

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Marionette puppets from previous shows at Puppetworks hanging on the wall.

Marionette puppets from previous Puppetworks shows hang on one of the theater’s walls.

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A child attending a 12:30PM showing at Puppetworks on December 6, dressed up in holiday attire featuring the ballerina and tin soldier also in "The Steadfast Tin Soldier."

A child attends Puppetworks’ 12:30 p.m. showing on Saturday, Dec. 6, dressed in holiday attire that features the ballerina and tin soldier in The Steadfast Tin Soldier.

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Streaming has also influenced the theater’s selection of shows. Puppetworks recently brought back Rumpelstiltskin after the tale was repopularized following Dreamworks’ release of the Shrek film franchise.

Most of the parents in attendance find out about the theater through word of mouth or school visits, where Puppetworks’ team puts on shows throughout the week. Many say they take an interest in the establishment for its ability to peel their children away from screens.

Whitney Sprayberry was introduced to Puppetworks by her husband, who grew up in the neighborhood. “My husband and I are both artists, so we much prefer live entertainment. We allow screens, but are mindful of what we’re watching and how often.”

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Left: Puppetworks’ current manager of stage operations, Jamie Moore, who joined the team in the early 2000s as a puppeteer, holds an otter hand puppet from their holiday show. Right: A Pinocchio mask hangs behind the ticket booth at Puppetworks’ entrance.

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A child attending a 12:30PM showing at Puppetworks on December 6, dressed up in holiday attire.

A child attends Puppetworks’ 12:30 p.m. showing on Saturday, Dec. 6, dressed in holiday attire.

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Left: Two gingerbread people, characters in one of Puppetworks’ holiday skits. Right: Ronny Wasserstrom, a swing puppeteer and one of Puppetworks’ first puppeteers, holds a “talking head” puppet he made, wearing matching shirts.

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Other parents in the audience say they found the theater through one of Ronny Wasserstrom’s shows. Wasserstrom, one of Puppetworks’ first puppeteers, regularly performs for free at a nearby park.

Coppola says he isn’t a Luddite — he’s fascinated by animation’s endless possibilities, but cautions of how it could limit a child’s imagination. “The part of theater they’re not getting by being on the phone is the sense of community. In our small way, we’re keeping that going.”

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Attendees of a 12:30PM showing of "The Steadfast Tin Soldier" and "Nutcracker Sweets" at Puppetworks on December 6, 2025.

Puppetworks’ 12:30 p.m. showing of The Steadfast Tin Soldier and The Nutcracker Sweets on Saturday, Dec. 6.

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Children meeting and seeing up close one of the puppets in "The Steadfast Tin Soldier" after the show.

Children get a chance to see one of the puppets in The Steadfast Tin Soldier up close after a show.

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Left: Alyssa Parkhurst, Puppetworks’ youngest puppeteer, holds a snowman marionette puppet, a character in the theater’s holiday show. Right: An ice skater, a dancing character in one of Puppetworks’ holiday skits.

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Community is what keeps Sabrina Chap, the mother of 4-year-old Vida, a regular at Puppetworks. Every couple of weeks, when Puppetworks puts on a new show, she rallies a large group to attend. “It’s a way I connect all the parents in the neighborhood whose kids go to different schools,” she said. “A lot of these kids live within a block of each other.”

Three candy canes, dancing characters in one of Puppetworks' holiday skits, hanging in the space waiting to be repaired after a show.

Three candy canes — dancing characters in one of Puppetworks’ holiday skits — wait to be repaired after a show.

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Anh Nguyen is a photographer based in Brooklyn, N.Y. You can see more of her work online, at nguyenminhanh.com , or on Instagram, at @minhanhnguyenn. Tiffany Ng is a tech and culture writer. Find more of her work on her website, breakfastatmyhouse.com.

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