Mississippi
Buses, notaries and strolls to the polls: How Mississippi college students are overcoming the nation’s toughest barriers to the ballot box
In 2016, Jarrius Adams’ absentee ballot never arrived at his apartment in Oxford, so the then-19-year-old at the University of Mississippi was left with one option to vote: Skip all his classes and drive four hours home to his polling place in Hattiesburg.
Faced with a similar situation, the reality is most college students would decide not to vote, said Adams, who now works with the nonprofit Mississippi Votes.
“For some students, it’s just as simple as eating three times a day now that you have no supervision,” he said. “To add voting for the first time?”
It can be hard to cast a ballot in Mississippi, where state voting laws consistently rank as among the strictest in the nation.
But for the state’s tens of thousands of college students — many of whom are voting for the first time while also trying to stay on top of homework, classes, chores and having a social life — the barriers to the ballot box faced by all Mississippi voters pose an even greater challenge.
Mississippi is one of just three states without early voting. This means college students who choose to vote in person most likely have just one day to get to the polls, which are not always on campus. According to a list provided by the Secretary of State’s office, three of the eight public universities in Mississippi lack an on-campus polling location for this election.
When college students turn 18 in Mississippi, they are not automatically registered to vote if they have a driver’s license, a law on the books in 23 other states. There’s no same-day voter registration, which voting experts say can pose an issue for college students whose addresses, and therefore precincts, change more often than other voters. And Mississippi doesn’t have online voter registration for new applicants.
Mississippi “pretty much has all the things that make it hard to vote,” said Jennifer McAndrew, the senior director of strategic communications for Tisch College at Tufts University, which houses the National Study of Learning, Voting and Engagement.
Nevertheless, colleges and students who have been working all semester long to encourage their peers to vote say that young Mississippians pursuing higher education are motivated to turn out this Election Day.
“Our young Mississippians are the future of our state,” Secretary of State Michael Watson, who has visited colleges across the state to talk to students about voting, said in a statement. “It is important for them to educate themselves not just on the voting process, but also the policies and issues affecting the state and nation..”
At Ole Miss this semester, the Center for Community Engagement has registered more students to vote before the deadline in an election year than it ever has before: About 350 students, according to William Teer, the program director for student leadership programs and financial well-being.
Now, it’s just a matter of getting these students to the polls.
“Everyone hears about how young people and college students in particular don’t vote in huge numbers for whatever reason,” said Marshall Pendes, a senior math and economics major who serves as a voting ambassador at Ole Miss. “I get a chance as a student to try and change that.”
Pendes cited a study that Tufts’ National Study of Learning, Voting and Engagement conducted of student voting at Ole Miss, which found that about 15,000 students — more than 75% of campus — were registered to vote during the last presidential election.
That’s in part because of the efforts of voting ambassadors like Pendes. In his four years at the university, Pendes estimated he’s helped register more than 600 students. He’s helped students complete the Mississippi Secretary of State’s paper registration application all across campus, at fraternities and sororities, before and after class, during student government meetings, in the Circle and at meetings for all kinds of political clubs.
But not so much on in the Grove.
“During games, people aren’t really interested in doing paperwork,” Pendes said.
The goal is to educate students on how, where and why it’s important to vote, Pendes said, whether that’s in-person in the county where they attend school or at home through an absentee ballot.
“One of the great things about voting as a college student is you have so many choices,” he said. “Every person’s situation is different.”
Even though college students qualify for an absentee ballot in Mississippi, students say it’s far more common for their peers to register to vote in their college’s county.
“It’s more common for students to register on campus,” said Avantavis TyMon, an elementary education major at Alcorn State University who is also a Mississippi Votes’ Democracy in Action fellow. “It’s easier, and it’s more accessible … especially for the out-of-state students who don’t have cars.”
Alcorn State University is one of five public universities that will host on-campus precincts this year, along with Mississippi Valley State University, Mississippi State University, the University of Southern Mississippi and Jackson State University.
Though Delta State University does not have an on-campus voting location, there is a precinct across the street.
On Election Day, TyMon said he and other student leaders plan to canvass the dorms and ask students if they want to join a “stroll to the polls” event, which will involve a short walk to the on-campus precinct.
“It’s a little bit of a walk from where students live,” TyMon said, adding that in previous years, “we would meet up and all walk together.”
Mississippi’s absentee ballot process, which experts describe as onerous, may be another reason college students register to vote in-person in greater numbers.
“It is an unbelievable barrier for college students who don’t live in Mississippi or are voting absentee in Mississippi,” McAndrews said.
First, a voter must request an absentee ballot application from their circuit clerk’s office, according to a step-by-step guide from the Mississippi Secretary of State’s office. Once they receive the application in the mail, the voter must have it witnessed by a notary, unless they are disabled. When a voter gets a ballot, the next step is finding another notary to watch the voter fill it out.
“You can do your taxes in one day,” Adams said. In Mississippi, “you cannot vote by mail in one day.”
Even some notaries think Mississippi’s absentee ballot law could be eased.
Bill Anderson, the vice president of government affairs at the National Notary Association, said that, of the handful of states that involve notaries in the process, Mississippi’s law is the strictest.
“You’d expect us to be supportive of states that allow or create a role for notaries in absentee ballots,” Anderson said. “We think this is a good idea. … These states, including Mississippi, want there to be a layer of security that is absent for voters voting absentee.”
Nonetheless, Anderson said he is hoping to work with Mississippi lawmakers next year on some issues he sees with what he called the “non-notarial functions” required by the state’s law.
For instance, Mississippi’s law requires notaries to sign the back of the envelope containing the voters’ ballot, something Anderson said is not expressly permitted by the notary laws of his home state in California. And Mississippi doesn’t oblige notaries to affix their seal to the envelope, which Anderson said other states require notaries to do.
“You can just imagine the poor voter,” Anderson said. “They’re out here, and the California notary is trying to find their state law and doesn’t want to get in trouble with the Secretary of State of California and says look … I’d love to do this for you, but I can’t.”
For his part, Pendes said he thinks students who want to vote absentee are motivated to find notaries, which can be relatively easy to do on a college campus.
“In my experience, people usually aren’t defeated by the notarization part,” he said.
At Mississippi State, the student government association and the Division of Student Affairs held an event called “Notary Day” last week. More than 70 students had their absentee ballots notarized, said Carson McFatridge, the student association president.
“When I think of a notary, I think of someone at the bank,” she said. “That can be a challenge just not knowing who has the capability to do that … so it was really, really cool to be able to see people like our dean of students volunteer an hour of his time to sit out there and help people.”
McAndrew said it’s important for colleges to make voting as a student as simple as possible, because even the perception that voting is complicated is itself a barrier.
“There’s so much out there about strict voter ID laws, it becomes this ghost barrier on top of the actual barrier,” McAndrew said.
“Anything we can do not only to reduce the complexity but to reduce the intimidation and anxiety factor is really important,” she added.
To that end, many professors have canceled classes to give students the day off to vote, and universities across the state are offering rides to the polls. At Ole Miss, buses will leave from the Walk of Champions and behind Ole Miss Bike Shop from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. on Election Day.
This does more than help students without cars, Pendes said.
“The other thing to consider is that parking spaces on our campus are extremely hard to come by,” he said. “Do you want to move your car and lose your parking space to try to go vote? Because that isn’t necessarily something that’s always guaranteed to you, especially in commuter spaces.”
This semester, the Center for Community Engagement was also successful in finding a solution to an issue that has troubled student voters for years at Ole Miss, which is that residence halls and Greek Life houses are not considered acceptable mailing addresses at which to register.
Teer, the program director, said he worked with the Lafayette County Circuit Clerk’s office to establish the center as a mailing address for students who live on campus.
“We’ve had students coming in daily because they’ve received an email from us that their voter information cards had arrived,” Teer said.
Every Thursday, students at Alcorn State held a voter registration event at the campus chapel. TyMon also helped organize a voter registration block party that featured food trucks. These efforts resulted in more than 400 students registering to vote.
TyMon said he thinks student leaders have an important role to play in setting an example for their peers.
“When they see that we’re serious, they get serious,” he said.
That’s why A’Davion Bush, a sophomore political science major at Ole Miss, is going to drive home to Indianola not just to vote, but to volunteer at the polls. The Mississippi Votes’ Democracy in Action fellow said he’s going to post about his plan on social media so his friends who are still in high school will be inspired to vote when they turn 18.
“The older population is not doing anything to influence young people in my county,” he said.
McFatridge, the student body president at Mississippi State, said she recently registered a student to vote who had just become a U.S. citizen, which reminded her that while voting is a right, it’s also a privilege not had by everyone around the world.
Not voting in the U.S. is “kind of like looking a gift horse in the mouth,” McFatridge said.
“It’s a silly phrase,” she added, “but I truly believe that when given the opportunity to share your own thoughts and beliefs, I don’t know why you wouldn’t.”
An Arkansan, McFatridge had intended to vote early in her hometown of Searcy during fall break, but a family emergency prevented that.
It’s too late for her to order an absentee ballot, so now she’s driving home to vote before Election Day, 4.5 hours away.
Mississippi
Mississippi House reopens door for teachers pay raise
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Staff
Days after legislators in the House and Senate killed more than a dozen teacher pay raise bills, members of the House education committee reanimated the conversation.
Committee chair Rep. Rob Roberson, R-Starkville, proposed a bill on March 6 that would bump public school teacher salaries by $5,000 across the board, with an additional $3,000 supplement for special education teachers. The legislation also includes a $6,000 boost for occupational therapists and licensed school counselors, Roberson explained to the House.
The nearly 500-page education package would also reform the role of school attendance officers, said Speaker Jason White in a Friday news conference, focusing their role more on coaching than punishment. Attendance officers would receive a $5,600 pay increase.
Retired teachers would also be allowed to go back to work while still receiving their full benefits from the state Public Employees’ Retirement System. They would negotiate their salary with the district, White said, and would not be eligible to accrue more retirement benefits.
The state would earmark $18 million for the education department to allocate for failing districts, White explained after discussions in the House, based on demonstrated improvements.
“The issue is not always a lack of money, sometimes it’s a lack of pointed emphasis on teacher improvement, stability there and retaining teachers,” he said. “Maybe the answer is a supplement to help schools retain their best and brightest. Maybe it’s a way to recruit teachers to those areas.”
Roberson, alongside his colleagues on the education committee, deleted all of the text in one of the last Senate education bills to come through the House and replaced it with the teacher pay raise and PERS provisions.
The bill also fixes mistakes in the PERS provisions, Roberson said, lowering the state employee retirement age from 62 to 60 and reducing the requirement back to 30 years of service. The service requirement for certified full-time first responders, White said, would be reduced to 25 years.
“If this all sounds familiar to you, it’s because y’all have voted on this at least twice and sent it to the Senate,” Roberson told the House Friday morning. “Unfortunately, this place has a tendency to create issues for us in terms of getting good work done. I’m not putting the blame on the Senate, not putting the blame on the House, but it’s about time we got the good work done.”
Roberson said he didn’t blame the Senate, but White was more than happy to criticize the other chamber. He boasted that the House was in session working Friday morning while the Senate took a long weekend, sending its members home on Thursday afternoon.
As White touted the strength of the House and its latest piece of legislation, he took shots at Senate leaders, including education committee chair Sen. Dennis DeBar, R-Leakesville, and Lt. Gov. Delbert Hosemann. He said that Hosemann wasn’t aligned with Mississippi’s Republican Party, telling attendees at his news conference that Hosemann sent “love letters” to people like Nancy Loome, one of the most outspoken advocates against school choice who has also campaigned against Republicans in local elections.
White derided members of the Senate for killing the House’s initial teacher pay raise bill, but the House did also kill a teacher pay raise bill that originated in the Senate and proposed a $2,000 increase for teachers, assistant teachers and college professors. When asked why the House had chosen to kill the bill instead of passing it through or amending it, White said the raise just wasn’t enough.
“This is not a hollow promise, and it’s not a political play,” White said. “The Senate education committee once again killed an education bill without so much as any deliberation. Your House is here. We beg our Senate colleagues to engage.”
Some Democrats in the House, wary of legislation coming out of the education committee after White’s universal school choice bill, questioned Roberson’s intentions with the bill and whether it included any of the contentious language that the chamber has argued over since the start of the session.
“I can’t think of one thing in this bill that you and I would not agree on,” Roberson told Rep. Kabir Karriem, D-Columbus. When all of the questions had been answered, Roberson closed his presentation simply. “Vote for this,” he urged his colleagues.
They obliged, voting unanimously in favor of the bill and opening the door one final time for a teacher pay raise this session.
Mississippi
NCAA Asks State Supreme Court to End Chambliss’ Ole Miss Career
Ole Miss shouldn’t have starting quarterback Trinidad Chambliss on its roster this fall, the NCAA asserts in an appeal filed with the Supreme Court of Mississippi on Thursday.
In a petition authored by J. Douglas Minor, Jr. and other attorneys from Holland & Knight, the NCAA warns that unless the state Supreme Court intervenes, there could be a “flood of litigation” involving college athletes whose schools are denied medical waivers to let them keep playing. The NCAA also says the appeal needs to be adjudicated prior to April 23 so that Chambliss—if the NCAA can enforce its eligibility rules to render him ineligible—would “have the opportunity to participate in the upcoming NFL draft.”
The appeal faces hurdles. For starters, it is an interlocutory appeal, meaning an appeal before a final judgment in a case and one where the appellate court can decline. Interlocutory appeals are disfavored because appellate courts prefer to review cases only after a final judgment on the merits—i.e., after a trial verdict—because the record is complete by that point. An interlocutory appeal concerns only a preliminary or incomplete matter. Interlocutory appeals are ordinarily denied unless the petitioner can persuasively explain that an injustice would otherwise occur.
Last month Judge Robert Whitwell of the Lafayette County (Miss.) Chancery Court granted Chambliss—who will enter his sixth year of college this fall—a preliminary injunction to bar the NCAA from rendering Chambliss ineligible in the coming season. The NCAA limits eligibility to four seasons of intercollegiate competition, including junior college and Division II competition, within a five-year period. Chambliss exhausted his NCAA eligibility in 2025–26.
The center of the dispute concerns the 2022 season, when Chambliss, now 23, was on the roster of D-II Ferris State but didn’t accumulate passing or rushing statistics.
During that season, Chambliss suffered from post-COVID complications including chronic tonsillitis and adenoiditis. The NCAA maintains that a waiver application filed by Ole Miss on Chambliss’ behalf failed to include sufficient medical documentation establishing that Chambliss couldn’t play in 2022. The association insists it consistently applies a standard for waivers that requires contemporaneous medical records from health care professionals unambiguously establishing an athlete can’t play due to health reasons.
The NCAA says Ole Miss came up short on that front.
As the NCAA tells it, although the Ole Miss application “was voluminous,” it offered only limited contemporaneous medical documents. The NCAA says that the treatment notes of one doctor recommended that Chambliss not have surgery and that medication, including Flonase, “was prescribed to enable [Chambliss] to participate in football.” That narrative suggests that Chambliss was healthy enough to play.
To be clear, Chambliss’ legal team contests this account and argues the medical documentation was sufficient to show he was unable to play in 2022. The appeal, as the NCAA acknowledges, also doesn’t call for a review of the findings of fact, which Whitwell found persuasive enough to grant the injunction.
In its petition to the state Supreme Court, the NCAA argues that Chambliss—who is represented by attorneys Tom Mars, William Liston III and W. Lawrence Deas—tried to “circumvent” case precedent in Mississippi. That precedent, the NCAA maintains, holds that judicial review of athletic association decisions is highly deferential to the association. Chambliss allegedly “circumvented” this precedent by insisting he is a third-party beneficiary of the contractual relationship between the NCAA and Ole Miss as a member institution.
A third-party beneficiary enjoys enforceable legal interest in the contract being performed, and Chambliss asserts the NCAA harmed him by how it reviewed the “total circumstances” of Ole Miss’ application. He used that theory to claim the NCAA breached the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, which collectively require parties to treat other contracting parties’ situations in a fair and honest way.
The NCAA maintains that the applicable standard of review under Mississippi law for review of an athletic association’s eligibility decision is arbitrary and capricious. This standard, which was established in the state Supreme Court case Mississippi High School Activities Association v. Hattiesburg High School (2015), is extremely favorable to the association. Per this precedent, an athletic association’s eligibility decision can be upheld even if it is unreasonable and arguably wrong so long as it is not arbitrary and capricious. As the NCAA tells it, Whitwell—a University of Mississippi School of Law graduate and an elected official—failed to apply the standard as it was intended.
Mindful that interlocutory appeals are disfavored since the record is incomplete, the NCAA insists that the Supreme Court ought to review the matter because of the case’s broader implications and the timing of the situation.
The NCAA explains that, as a membership organization, it has a contractual duty to “ensure a level playing field among” all competing schools. The NCAA suggests it must seek appeals to block courts from “intervening in NCAA eligibility decisions to provide special treatment to favored athletes.” If trial judges meddle with the NCAA’s administration of eligibility rules, the NCAA’s petition argues, that meddling poses an “existential threat to the NCAA’s administration of collegiate sports.”
To corroborate that point, the NCAA warns that unless Chambliss is deemed ineligible, there will be a “flood of litigation” involving athletes whose schools are denied medical waivers. The NCAA points out that UVA quarterback Chandler Morris recently sued the NCAA in Virginia in hopes of obtaining a seventh year of eligibility, and the basis of his case is the denial of a medical waiver.
The NCAA also advises the state Supreme Court that the risk of “spillover effect” has been borne out through the aftermath of former Vanderbilt quarterback Diego Pavia’s eligibility litigation against the NCAA to play a sixth season of college football.
“Since Pavia,” the NCAA writes, “over 60 lawsuits by over 100 student-athletes have raised similar challenges.” This litigation, the NCAA maintains, has caused “uncertainty” as to NCAA eligibility.
The NCAA knows that if Whitwell’s injunction isn’t lifted, the case is effectively over: The injunction will let Chambliss play for Ole Miss in 2026 and then he’ll move on to the NFL or other pursuits. Whether Chambliss would prevail in a trial, which might not be scheduled until 2027 or beyond, could be rendered irrelevant if Chambliss decides to drop the case after the 2026 season.
Chambliss v. NCAA is a reminder of the unique features of the post-House settlement world. It now pays to stay in school, given that athletes can receive full athletic scholarships, NIL deals and direct payments from their schools through revenue shares. According to ESPN, Chambliss could earn about $6 million at Ole Miss if he plays there this fall.
Mississippi
Leaders throughout Mississippi remember JSU’s Elayne Hayes-Anthony
Jackson State football coach TC Taylor addresses fans at signing day event
Jackson State football coach T.C. Taylor addresses fans at JSU’s recruit reveal event on Feb. 4.
Mississippi leaders and educators are remembering Dr. Elayne Hayes-Anthony as a trailblazing journalist, educator and public servant following news of her death Thursday, March 5.
Hayes-Anthony, a longtime professor and chair of the Department of Journalism and Media Studies at Jackson State University and former acting president of the university, spent decades mentoring students and shaping communications education throughout Mississippi.
Jackson State University officials announced her passing in a statement Thursday morning. She was 72. A cause of death was not provided.
Hayes-Anthony served as interim president for eight months in 2023, between former President Thomas Hudson and Marcus Thompson. She became the first Black woman to work as an anchor, producer and reporter at WJTV in Jackson and later spent 17 years as chair of the communications department at Belhaven University. Hayes-Anthony also served as assistant superintendent of communications for Jackson Public Schools and served as the first Black woman and journalism educator to become president of the Mississippi Association of Broadcasters.
Jackson Mayor John Horhn praised Hayes-Anthony in a statement as a “proud daughter of Jackson and a distinguished graduate of Jackson State University who returned home to pour her knowledge back into this community.” Horhn also extended condolences to Hayes-Anthony’s husband, family, colleagues and former students.
“Our city mourns the loss of a trailblazer whose life’s work helped shape generations of communicators, educators, and leaders,” Horhn said in a statement. “As a pioneering journalist and the first African American woman to serve as anchor, producer, and reporter at WJTV-12, she broke barriers in Mississippi media and opened doors for countless Black journalists. Her leadership at Jackson State, from the classroom to the president’s office, reflected her commitment to excellence. Jackson is better because she chose to live, work, and lead here. We honor her legacy, celebrate her remarkable life, and pray for comfort and strength for all who are grieving this tremendous loss.”
Ward 4 Councilman and Jackson City Council President Brian Grizzell, a long time educator and alumnus of JSU, said he remembered Hayes-Anthony from several points in her life and career.
“I remember Dr. Elayne Hayes-Anthony from several stages of her remarkable journey,” Grizzell said. “I first knew her as a student in Jackson Public Schools, later as a student at Jackson State University, and we reconnected years later during her time serving as acting president of Jackson State University.”
Grizzell called Hayes-Anthony a pioneer in education whose work helped shape the lives of many students across the community.
Longtime Mississippi Congressman Bennie Thompson, also a JSU alum, honored Hayes-Anthony as a “a trailblazer in every sense of the word.”
See his post on Facebook below:
Mississippi Governor Tate Reeves also offered condolences Thursday via X, formerly known as Twitter.
U.S. Sen. Roger Wicker also shared the following statement on Hayes-Anthony passing:
“Mississippi has lost a leader and pioneer, my friend Dr. Elayne Anthony. Jackson State benefited from her steady hand during a time of transition. She was revered by its students. The Mississippi Association of Broadcasters recognized her leadership by electing her chair. Elayne’s legacy of kindness, servant-leadership, and community service will impact generations to come.”
Investigative journalist Jerry Mitchell reflected on Hayes-Anthony’s impact on journalism in Mississippi.
“What a loss. Dr. Anthony was truly a champion for journalism. Her work produced so many talented journalists we have today in Mississippi and beyond,” Mitchell said.
State Rep. Zakiya Summers and Sen. David Blount, both of whom represent parts of Jackson in the Mississippi Legislature, also paid tribute to Hayes-Anthony.
Officials with the Mississippi State Department of Health and the Mississippi State Board of Health also shared condolences, noting Hayes-Anthony served on the Board of Health for nearly two decades.
“I personally grieve the loss of a very important Mississippian who cared deeply about education at all levels, public health, and very importantly the need for the health of our population to improve,” said Dan Edney, state health officer and executive director of the Mississippi State Department of Health. “She was a strong supporter of MSDH and for my work as State Health Officer and was one of our greatest cheerleaders. Her passing is a loss to public health and higher education leadership, but her service has helped to make our state a better place.”
Lucius Lampton, chairman of the Board of Health, said Hayes-Anthony’s service on the board began in 2007.
“Dr. Elayne Anthony’s long service on the Board of Health, which began in 2007, was exceptional and benefited the public’s health in countless ways. She led always with intellect, creativity and integrity. The Board of Health and our agency will so miss her gracious presence. I also will miss her dear friendship.”
Charlie Drape is the Jackson beat reporter. You can contact him at cdrape@gannett.com.
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