World
What are war crimes, and how are they prosecuted?

World leaders have vowed to carry President Vladimir V. Putin answerable for conflict crimes as proof mounts that Russian forces killed civilians in Ukraine.
The Kremlin has denied the allegations and says that latest photos from the Kyiv suburb of Bucha, which was liberated from Russian management up to now week, had been staged. However President Biden has referred to as him a conflict legal. And President Volodymyr Zelensky has mentioned Mr. Putin is answerable for genocide.
If previous prosecutions of conflict crimes are any indication, the method is arduous and thorough, and takes years of investigations and litigation which are solely determined many years after a battle ends.
Right here’s what that you must know:
What’s a conflict crime?
A conflict crime is an act dedicated throughout armed battle that violates worldwide humanitarian legal guidelines designed to guard civilians. The foundations of conflict are codified in numerous treaties, together with the Geneva Conference of 1949 and the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907.
The first entity that may maintain people accountable for conflict crimes is the Worldwide Prison Court docket. It was established in 1988 by a treaty often known as the Rome Statute that lists actions that may be prosecuted as conflict crimes, together with willful killings, torture and intentional assaults on civilians. Some instances have been introduced earlier than particular tribunals created by the United Nations.
What proof is there of potential conflict crimes in Ukraine?
Ukraine’s prosecutor common, Iryna Venediktova, mentioned the our bodies of 410 folks, apparently all civilians, have been recovered from the Kyiv area. Human Rights Watch mentioned it had documented instances of rape, executions and looting of civilian property.
The New York Occasions has reported accounts of indiscriminate killings, torture and different violence towards civilians. The I.C.C. had already launched a legal investigation of potential conflict crimes in early March.
“What they did in Bucha, or the bombing of a hospital or a college, these are prima facie conflict crimes,” mentioned Kwon O-Gon, an professional on worldwide legislation who served as a decide on the Worldwide Prison Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia.
How are conflict crimes investigated?
Conflict crimes are investigated as any legal exercise could be, by interviewing witnesses, reviewing images or movies and accumulating forensic proof, together with ballistics evaluation, autopsies or DNA testing. Prosecutors have to show past an affordable doubt that people knowingly dedicated the crimes.
Harder to show is how a lot a head of state knew and or was instantly answerable for what occurred below their command.
What are the possibilities Vladimir Putin shall be held accountable?
The I.C.C. doesn’t have its personal police power or army. The court docket is reliant on states at hand over its owns residents to the court docket for prosecution. That’s unlikely to occur with Russia’s high-level officers, a lot much less Mr. Putin.
Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Key Developments
Mr. Kwon famous there aren’t any statutes of limitations for conflict crimes. Proof or insider data might emerge years later, and Putin or others could possibly be handed over to the court docket to finally be held accountable.
“Even when it takes 10 years or 20 years, even when it’s after Putin is faraway from energy, he could possibly be delivered to the dock,” Mr. Kwon mentioned.
Which heads of state have been tried for conflict crimes?
Slobodan Milosevic, often known as the “Butcher of the Balkans,” was the primary former head of state to be tried for such crimes in 2002. He died in his cell in The Hague as his four-year trial drew to a detailed, earlier than a verdict was reached.
Charles G. Taylor, the previous president of Liberia, was sentenced to 50 years in 2012 for atrocities dedicated in Sierra Leone throughout its civil conflict within the Nineteen Nineties. Laurent Gbagbo, former president of Ivory Coast, was acquitted of crimes towards humanity and different prices associated to violence that adopted the nation’s presidential election in 2010.
The I.C.C. issued an arrest warrant for Libya’s chief, Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi, in 2011 accusing him of crimes towards humanity, however he was killed that October earlier than he confronted trial.
Former President Omar Hassan al-Bashir of Sudan is needed by the court docket on prices of genocide and conflict crimes within the Darfur area, however he has not been turned over by Sudan’s transitional authorities.

World
Federal judge orders US Labor Department to keep Job Corps running during lawsuit
NEW YORK (AP) — A federal judge on Wednesday granted a preliminary injunction to stop the U.S. Department of Labor from shutting down Job Corps, a residential program for low-income youth, until a lawsuit against the move is resolved.
The injunction bolsters a temporary restraining order U.S. District Judge Andrew Carter issued earlier this month, when he directed the Labor Department to cease removing Job Corps students from housing, terminating jobs or otherwise suspending the nationwide program without congressional approval.
Founded in 1964, Job Corps aims to help teenagers and young adults who struggled to finish traditional high school and find jobs. The program provides tuition-free housing at residential centers, training, meals and health care.
“Once Congress has passed legislation stating that a program like the Job Corps must exist, and set aside funding for that program, the DOL is not free to do as it pleases; it is required to enforce the law as intended by Congress,” Carter wrote in the ruling.
Department of Labor spokesperson Aaron Britt said said the department was working closely with the Department of Justice to evaluate the injunction.
“We remain confident that our actions are consistent with the law,” Britt wrote in an email to The Associated Press.
The Labor Department said in late May that it would pause operations at all contractor-operated Job Corps centers by the end of June. It said the publicly funded program yielded poor results for its participants at a high cost to taxpayers, citing low student graduation rates and growing budget deficits.
The judge rejected the department’s claims that it did not need to follow a congressionally mandated protocol for closing down Job Corps centers because it wasn’t closing the centers, only pausing their activities.
“The way that the DOL is shuttering operations and the context in which the shuttering is taking place make it clear that the DOL is actually attempting to close the centers,” Carter wrote.
The harm faced by some of the students served by the privately run Job Corps centers is compelling, the judge said. Carter noted that one of the students named as a plaintiff in the lawsuit lives at a center in New York, where he is based.
If the Job Corps program is eliminated, she would lose all the progress she’s made toward earning a culinary arts certificate and “will immediately be plunged into homelessness,” the judge wrote. That’s far from the “minor upheaval” described by government lawyers, he said.
As the centers prepared to close, many students were left floundering. Some moved out of the centers and into shelters that house homeless people.
“Many of these young people live in uncertainty, so it takes time to get housing and restore a lot of those supports you need when you’ve been away from your community for so long,” said Edward DeJesus, CEO of Social Capital Builders, a Maryland-based educational consultancy which provides training on relationship-building at several Job Corps sites. “So the abrupt closure of these sites is really harmful for the welfare of young adults who are trying to make a change in their lives.”
The National Job Corps Association, a nonprofit trade organization comprised of business, labor, volunteer and academic organizations, sued to block the suspension of services, alleging it would displace tens of thousands of vulnerable young people and force mass layoffs.
The attorneys general of 20 U.S. states filed an amicus brief supporting the group’s motion for a preliminary injunction in the case.
Monet Campbell learned about the Job Corps’ center in New Haven, Connecticut, while living in a homeless shelter a year ago. The 21-year-old has since earned her certified nursing assistant license and phlebotomy and electrocardiogram certifications through Job Corps, and works at a local nursing home.
“I always got told all my life, ‘I can’t do this, I can’t do that.’ But Job Corps really opened my eyes to, ‘I can do this,’” said Campbell, who plans to start studying nursing at Central Connecticut State University in August.
The program has been life-changing in other ways, she said. Along with shelter and job training, Campbell received food, mental health counseling, medical treatment and clothing to wear to job interviews.
“I hadn’t been to the doctor’s in a while,” she said. “I was able to do that, going to checkups for my teeth, dental, all that. So they really just helped me with that.”
Campbell said she and other Job Corps participants in New Haven feel like they’re in limbo, given the program’s possible closure. They recently had to move out for a week when the federal cuts were initially imposed, and Campbell stayed with a friend.
There are 123 Jobs Corps centers in the U.S., the majority of them operated by private organizations under agreements with the Department of Labor. Those private jobs corps centers serve more than 20,000 students across the U.S., according to the lawsuit.
____
Susan Haigh in Hartford, Connecticut and Rebecca Boone in Boise, Idaho contributed to this report.
World
Spanish Prime Minister Sanchez to run for re-election despite corruption investigations

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Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez announced on Wednesday that he plans to run for re-election when his term ends in 2027, in spite of the corruption scandals embroiling his Socialist party.
“I am determined to run in the next general election in 2027,” Sanchez told reporters on Wednesday.
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In the latest in a series of scandals, Sanchez is currently under investigation for alleged graft in his Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party (PSOE). While Sanchez — who has served as prime minister since 2018 — has not been directly implicated, the country’s opposition has called on him to resign, according to BBC News.
Prime Minister of Spain Pedro Sánchez Pérez-Castejón arrives at Huis ten Bosch Palace for a dinner hosted by the King and Queen of The Netherlands during the NATO Summit 2025 on June 24, 2025, in The Hague, Netherlands. (Patrick van Katwijk/Getty Images)
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Earlier this month, Sanchez issued an apology after audio was released that seemingly showed PSOE secretary Santos Cerdan discussing improperly awarding public contracts in exchange for commissions, BBC News reported.

Spain’s Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez, who is also a leader of the Socialist ruling party (PSOE), holds a press conference after a Socialist Party meeting following a senior official’s alleged graft case at headquarters in Madrid, Spain June 16, 2025. (REUTERS/Nacho Doce)
Shortly after the news broke, Cerdan resigned from the PSOE and stepped down as a member of parliament. On Friday, police entered the party’s headquarters to copy Cerdan’s emails, according to Reuters.
SPANISH PRIME MINISTER PEDRO SÁNCHEZ WEIGHING RESIGNATION AFTER WIFE TARGETED BY JUDICIAL PROBE

A Spanish flag is seen on the street in Krakow, Poland, on March 6, 2025. (Klaudia Radecka/NurPhoto via Getty Images)
On June 12, the Spanish prime minister said he would not call new elections before the end of his current term.
Cerdan, who is slated to appear before the Supreme Court on June 25, says he has never committed a crime or been implicit in one, Reuters reported.
Sanchez is one of Europe’s longest-serving socialist leaders. His wife, Begona Gomez, is under investigation for possible business irregularities. His brother, David Sanchez, is due to go on trial for alleged influence peddling, according to BBC News.
World
Macron meets IAEA chief Rafael Grossi in Paris after NATO summit

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The head of the United Nations’ nuclear watchdog visited the Elysee Palace in the French capital, Paris, on Wednesday to meet with President Emmanuel Macron.
The Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Rafael Grossi, and Macron did not address media inside the meeting room.
The meeting comes after Macron attended the annual NATO leaders’ summit – taking place this year in The Hague – where the 32 heads of states of the alliance endorsed a proposal to increase defence expenditure from 2% of GDP to 5% by 2035.
The summit took place against a backdrop of global crisis, with Russia’s more than three-year full-scale invasion of Ukraine continues to rage and tensions in the Middle East continue to soar.
Just a few days before the summit, US President Donald Trump announced a ceasefire between Israel and Iran, marking an end to their 12-days of cross border aerial attacks.
Israel started the war with Iran as it launched a surprise offensive – dubbed ‘Operation Rising Lion’ – where they targeted a slew of Iranian military targets, and most importantly, sought to dismantle their nuclear programme.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu claimed that Tehran – whose nuclear programme has been rapidly advancing in recent years – would be capable of developing a nuclear warhead within a “very short amount of time”, adding that the country possesses an alarming stockpile of highly enriched uranium.
Tensions spiked after US President Donald Trump announced that Washington had directly attacked Iran’s nuclear sites on 21 June. Trump claimed to have “obliterated” Tehran’s nuclear project with a series of attacks on its three main facilities of Fordow, Natanz and Isfahan.
The 47th US president said Washington carried out a precise operation involving their top-grade B-2 stealth bombers which unloaded fourteen of the US’ mighty 30,000 pound (13,600 kg) bunker buster bombs.
A report released by the US Defence Intelligence Agency on Tuesday however suggested that Washington’s attacks had only delivered a minor setback in Iran’s nuclear programme, adding that Iran could fully rebuild within months.
The White House has slammed the report as “flat out wrong” and stressed that its findings are a “clear attempt to demean (president) Trump”.
At the summit, Macron told reporters he would discuss his assessment of damage to Iran’s nuclear facilities, after the strikes by the US and Israel, with Grossi during the meeting.
In a post on X, the French president reiterated Paris’ commitment to the UN’s nuclear watchdog, as he urged Iran to allow the IAEA to resume its mission in the country. The Iranian parliament had approved a bill recently to suspend all cooperation with the agency.
The pair also reportedly addressed ways to strengthen compliance with international non-proliferation standards.
Grossi thanked the French leader for his continued support in a post on X after Macron reaffirmed his support for IAEA in its efforts to ensure nuclear safety and security worldwide.
Additional sources • AP
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