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Money spent by EU on migration policy becoming ‘complex’ to track

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Money spent by EU on migration policy becoming ‘complex’ to track

The web of funds going towards the externalisation of the contentious issue is getting much wider.

The EU’s policy of externalisation in managing migration flows is making it increasingly difficult to follow the trail of money, as demonstrated by the memorandum of understanding that the European Commission is set to sign with the Tunisian government.

The deal includes a financial package of €105 million for border management, search and rescue operations, anti-smuggling activities and the return of migrants. 

This kind of cooperation is not new and was indeed endorsed by EU leaders, who at last week’s summit, “underlined the importance of strengthening and developing similar strategic partnerships”.

But who and how much is the EU paying to put a brake on migration flows?

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Besides the €6 billion earmarked to Turkey since 2016, there is €60 million for a new Western Balkans migration package, €120 million to Egypt and €152 million to Morocco.

It is not just neighbouring countries receiving money, however. Nigeria, for example, got €28.4 million as “support to migration government”, Bangladesh €55 million and Pakistan €59 million for different programmes, including the reintegration of their nationals sent back from Europe.

It is actually very difficult to get an overview of all the money spent by the EU, according to Sergio Carrera, a senior researcher at CEPS, who also criticised the lack of transparency.

“There is a large, fragmented and hypercomplex landscape of funds the EU puts into practice to finance migration management-related priorities,” Carrera told Euronews.

“You have the AMIF (Asylum and Migration Fund), which is a Home Affairs fund, but you also have neighbourhood and development funds. The picture makes it fundamentally impossible for anyone to really understand what the EU was funding where. 

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“And most concerning are the impacts that those funds have on human rights, the rule of law and democracy,” he added.

Libya is one of the most worrying situations. The EU launched its Support for Integrated Border and Migration Management in Libya (SIBMMIL) mission in 2017. It is worth up to €59 million and includes the delivery of nine vessels for search and rescue operations and training for more than 100 members of the Libyan Coast Guard, a corp accused of human rights violations by several associations and a fact-finding UN mission.

“The UN fact-finding mission report of May was very, very clear,” Dutch Green MEP Tineke Strik MEP told Euronews. 

“The Libyan coast guard and other state-led entities funded by the EU are deeply involved in crimes against humanity. They are involved in smuggling and trafficking and slavery. They keep the people detained. They torture them to push family members to pay them. 

“So they use it to blackmail family members and they profit hugely from smuggling them and these are the entities usually funded by the EU. So, the UN concluded that the EU, with its funding, contributes to crimes against humanity,” Strik also said.

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Among its “anti-smuggling operational partnership”, the European Commission pledged €40 million for fighting criminal networks in northern Africa, but it will have to carefully control the recipients of this money.

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US military conducts successful airstrikes on Houthi rebel forces in Yemen

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US military conducts successful airstrikes on Houthi rebel forces in Yemen

The U.S. military confirmed it conducted airstrikes in Yemen, saying it targeted a missile storage site and a command-and-control center operated by Iran-backed Houthi rebels.

U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM) announced the successful strikes in a release Saturday, saying they were meant to “disrupt and degrade” Houthi operations.

“CENTCOM forces conducted the deliberate strikes to disrupt and degrade Houthi operations, such as attacks against U.S. Navy warships and merchant vessels in the Southern Red Sea, Bab al-Mandeb and Gulf of Aden,” CENTCOM said in a news release.

DISAPPROVAL MOUNTS BOTH AT HOME AND ABROAD AS US AVOIDS DIRECT ACTION AGAINST HOUTHI REBELS

The U.S. military successfully conducted airstrikes in Yemen, saying it targeted a missile storage site and a command-and-control site operated by Iran-backed Houthi rebels. (CENTCOM via X)

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Footage from CENTCOM showed F/A-18’s taking off. The agency said it also used assets from the Navy and the Air Force.

US NAVY SHIPS REPEL ATTACK FROM HOUTHIS IN GULF OF ADEN 

“The strike reflects CENTCOM’s ongoing commitment to protect U.S. and coalition personnel, regional partners and international shipping,” it said.

Houthi rebels

Houthi followers burn the Israeli and American flags on the outskirts of Sana’a, Yemen. (Mohammed Hamoud/Getty Images)

The attacks against shipping are ongoing, and Houthi militants have vowed to continue until Israel ends its campaign in Gaza.

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The terrorist group has targeted more than 100 merchant vessels since the start of the Israel-Hamas war in October 2023.

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Fact check: How deadly was 2024 for journalists?

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Fact check: How deadly was 2024 for journalists?

An estimated 104 journalists lost their lives in 2024, with Palestine the most dangerous territory.

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An estimated 104 journalists were killed worldwide over the past year, according to data shared earlier this month by the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ).

Another report by NGO Reporters Without Borders (RSF) puts the figure at 54, but its methodology means it only includes killings that are considered “directly related” to journalists’ professional activity.

Both organisations say that Palestine is the deadliest place on earth for journalists. More than half (55) of the 104 killings reported by IFJ were Palestinian media professionals in Gaza, while a further six were killed in Lebanon.

At least 138 journalists have been killed in Gaza since the war between Israel and Hamas broke out on 7 October 2023, making the country one of the “most dangerous in the history of modern journalism, behind Iraq, the Philippines and Mexico,” according to the IFJ.

Reporters without Borders has described the number of killings in Gaza as “an unprecedented bloodbath”.

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Israel firmly denies it has intentionally targeted any journalists, but has recognised some that have been killed in its airstrikes on Gaza.

The 104 total killings reported by the IFJ is a slight decrease on the 129 they reported on in 2023, which is considered the bloodiest year for journalists since 1990.

How do other world regions fare?

Asia Pacific is the world’s second most dangerous region for journalists, after the Middle East, according to the IFJ.

It recorded 20 deaths in the region in 2024, of which 70% happened in the southern Asian countries of Pakistan, Bangladesh and India.

The region has seen an “upsurge” in violence, according to the IFJ, with deaths increasing sharply from the 12 recorded in 2023.

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Africa was the third most dangerous region for journalists at eight deaths, five of them in war-torn Sudan.

The number of journalists killed in south, central and north America has dropped sharply over the past two years, from 30 in 2022 to six in 2023, and another six in 2024. Mexico, considered to be one of the deadliest places in the world to do journalism, continues to see “threats, intimidation, kidnappings and murders” against journalists, particularly due to reporting on drug trafficking.

Number of journalists behind bars on the rise

According to IFJ estimates on 10 December, there were 520 journalists in prison across the world, considerably more than in 2023 (427) and 2022 (375).

China, including Hong Kong, accounts for most of journalists behind bars, followed by Israel and Myanmar.

The IFJ says the figures show how “fragile” the independent press is and how “risky and dangerous” the profession of journalism has become.

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Italian state railways plans 1.3 bln euro investment in solar plant

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Italian state railways plans 1.3 bln euro investment in solar plant
Italian state railways Ferrovie dello Stato plans to invest 1.3 billion euros ($1.36 billion) in a photovoltaic plant with an initial 1 gigawatt (GW) capacity that would cover 19% of its energy needs by 2029, the CEO said in a newspaper interview.
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