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Brussels begins review to possibly unfreeze €76 billion for Poland

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Brussels begins review to possibly unfreeze €76 billion for Poland

The European Commission has formally begun a three-month process to review the €76.5 billion of cohesion funds that Poland has been unable to access due to concerns over judicial independence.

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The cash has always been a matter of top priority for Warsaw, one of the largest recipients of cohesion funds, which pay for development projects meant to modernise infrastructure and bridge the gap with richer member states.

But the sweeping judicial reform introduced by the previous hard-right government of the Law and Justice (PiS) party, which empowered the disciplinary chamber of the Supreme Court to punish magistrates according to their rulings, led Brussels to freeze the multi-billion envelope, fearing democratic backsliding would have a detrimental impact on the spending and oversight of European taxpayers’ money.

The new liberal three-party coalition led by Prime Minister Donald Tusk has vowed to reverse course and undo the overhaul, deemed illegal by the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg, and the effects it had on the country’s courts and judges.

Tusk’s government, appointed barely a month ago, is now taking the initiative to prove its pro-EU credentials: last week, the executive informed the European Commission that the legislative changes introduced so far are enough to fulfil the “horizontal enabling condition” on judicial independence attached to the €76.5 billion

This condition is “cross-cutting,” meaning it covers all the different tranches that make up the financial package. Without it being met, no money can be released.

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“Poland has thereby officially informed the Commission that it considers having fulfilled this enabling condition in the area of judicial independence,” a spokesperson for the Commission said on Monday afternoon. 

“In the Commission, we’re now analysing the letter submitted by the Polish authorities to assess whether the enabling condition in this area is fulfilled and we’re in regular contact with the Polish authorities at both technical and political levels.”

The review of the request can take up to three months, or even longer if the Commission asks Warsaw for clarifications.

On top of the condition related to the judiciary, Poland has at least two “thematic conditions” – transport and healthcare – attached to the respective chapters in the €76.5 billion. None of them have been met yet, the spokesperson added.

Separately, Warsaw is trying to secure unhindered access to its COVID-19 recovery plan, a mix of €34.5 billion in low-interest loans and €25.3 billion in grants. Brussels had approved the Polish plan on the condition of fulfilling three “super milestones,” two of which are linked to the controversial judicial reform. 

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So far, the Commission has released €5.1 billion in “pre-financing” from the recovery and resilience plan to provide immediate liquidity for projects that can strengthen energy independence and decrease imports of Russian fossil fuels.

Tuks is pushing for more payments to be unblocked in the coming months.

However, his ambitious timeline could be derailed by President Andrzej Duda, who is politically close to PiS and often espouses similar views. Duda has openly threatened to protect his presidential prerogative and veto the premier’s fast-tracked plan to undo the judicial overhaul, which Duda had supported in the past.

The worsening standoff between Tusk and Duda has attracted considerable media interest and raised concerns of a constitutional crisis. Last week, Vera Jourová, the European Commission’s vice-president in charge of values of transparency, told Euronews that Brussels was “very closely” following the events in Warsaw and would not hesitate to “act” if the political clash led to breaches of EU law.

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Map: 6.3-Magnitude Earthquake Strikes Afghanistan

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Map: 6.3-Magnitude Earthquake Strikes Afghanistan

Note: Map shows the area with a shake intensity of 4 or greater, which U.S.G.S. defines as “light,” though the earthquake may be felt outside the areas shown.  All times on the map are Afghanistan time. The New York Times

A strong, 6.3-magnitude earthquake struck in Afghanistan on Monday, according to the United States Geological Survey. Follow our coverage here.

The temblor happened at 12:59 a.m. Afghanistan time about 20 miles southeast of Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan, data from the agency shows.

As seismologists review available data, they may revise the earthquake’s reported magnitude. Additional information collected about the earthquake may also prompt U.S.G.S. scientists to update the shake-severity map.

Source: United States Geological Survey | Notes: Shaking categories are based on the Modified Mercalli Intensity scale. When aftershock data is available, the corresponding maps and charts include earthquakes within 100 miles and seven days of the initial quake. All times above are Afghanistan time. Shake data is as of Sunday, Nov. 2 at 4:01 p.m. Eastern. Aftershocks data is as of Monday, Nov. 3 at 10:15 a.m. Eastern.

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Maps: Daylight (urban areas); MapLibre (map rendering); Natural Earth (roads, labels, terrain); Protomaps (map tiles)

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Mexican mayor who took hard line against drug gangs shot and killed at Day of the Dead event

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Mexican mayor who took hard line against drug gangs shot and killed at Day of the Dead event

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A Mexican mayor who was outspoken in his opposition to drug cartels and pushed for hardline laws against trafficking was killed in a shooting at a Day of the Dead celebration this weekend.

Before his death, Uruapan Mayor Carlos Manzo had been critical of Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum for what he saw as a lack of effort in combating cartels. His city lies in Michoacán State, which suffers from particularly high levels of cartel violence.

“We need greater determination from the president of Mexico,” Manzo told local media in September, vowing not to take “a single step back.”

“I do not want to be just another mayor on the list of those who have been executed and had their lives taken away from them,” he continued. “I am very afraid, but I must face it with courage.”

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Carlos Manzo, Uruapan’s mayor and one of the few independent politicians elected to office in Mexico, attends a candlelight Day of the Dead festival in Uruapan, Michoacan State, Mexico, shortly before he was shot, resulting in his death, Nov. 1, 2025, in this screengrab taken from a live video streamed by his team and obtained from social media. (Carlos Manzo via Facebook/Handout via REUTERS)

State officials say Manzo was shot seven times on Saturday night during a Day of the Dead vigil. He died of his wounds in a nearby hospital.

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Mexican Security Minister Omar García Harfuch announced an investigation into Manzo’s killing on Sunday.

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Carlos Manzo's funeral

Family and friends attend the funeral of Carlos Manzo, the mayor who was shot dead during a Day of the Dead event, in Uruapan, Mexico, Nov. 2, 2025. (REUTERS/Ivan Arias)

“We send our deepest condolences to his family, loved ones and the residents of Uruapan, who today are experiencing a painful and unjust loss at the hands of organized crime,” Harfuch said at a press conference. “There will be no impunity.”

Authorities said Manzo’s security was extensive, comprised of officers handpicked by Manzo as well as 14 National Guard members.

Funeral procession for Carlos Manzo, Uruapan's mayor

A person holds a picture of Carlos Manzo, the mayor who was shot dead during a Day of the Dead event, in Uruapan, Mexico, Nov. 2, 2025. (REUTERS/Ivan Arias)

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Manzo’s aggressive approach to crime earned him the moniker “Mexican Bukele,” referring to El Salvador’s President Nayib Bukele, who has led a massive crackdown on gang violence in his country. According to the New York Times, Manzo had been critical of Sheinbaum’s approach to cartel issues since her inauguration in October 2024.

“If she thinks she’s going to detain these criminals without a single shot fired and that they’ll just turn themselves in, well, she should get it done,” Manzo said in a May speech, referring to Sheinbaum. “And believe me, if she manages to do that, I will immediately submit my resignation.”

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No, picture of heavily guarded German Christmas market isn’t real

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No, picture of heavily guarded German Christmas market isn’t real

It might still be too early for some, but with Halloween over, Christmas is well and truly on the way, and a wave of misinformation about the festive season is also on its way.

A picture going around online and shared on social media in multiple European languages, allegedly shows a small German Christmas market surrounded by police, vehicles and fences.

The captions shared with the photo lament that Christmas markets in Europe now have to be so heavily protected from terrorist attacks, with some baselessly blaming immigration or “diversity”.

However, the image has clearly been AI-generated: zooming into people’s faces, and text like the vehicles’ registration plates, shows that they are blurred and distorted.

Additionally, in the bottom right-hand corner of the picture, we can just about see the logo of Gemini, Google’s AI assistant, proving that it was artificially created.

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Those sharing the photo appear to want to whip up fear off the back of real attacks that have targeted German Christmas markets in the past, such as the attack in Berlin in 2016 and the attack in Magdeburg last year.

The former saw a terrorist drive a lorry into the market, killing 12 and leaving more than 50 injured, while in the latter, a man drove an SUV into the crowd, killing six and injuring more than 300.

The incidents have also sparked other misleading narratives related to the markets, most notably false claims that Germany is cancelling all its Christmas markets due to fears over immigration and terrorism.

We can easily check this by visiting the tourism office websites belonging to the cities where Germany hosts some of its most iconic markets.

The city of Cologne, for example, whose Christmas markets welcome around 4 million people a year, is still clearly preparing to celebrate the festivities from mid-November.

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The same is true of Frankfurt, which clearly indicates the dates its market will be open.

To be sure, both cities confirmed when contacted by The Cube that they will be hosting their Christmas markets as well.

Unfortunately, some German Christmas markets will indeed be closed this year, but not due to concerns over potential terrorist attacks.

Visitors to the popular market in Dortmund’s Bodelschwingh Castle will have to wait until 2027 to celebrate as, according to its website, the castle is undergoing repairs.

Elsewhere, market operators in Rahlstedt have cited diminishing returns as a reason for cancelling their market, as stallholders failed to make enough money to justify holding the market again.

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Despite the news of some smaller markets being shut down for various reasons, the vast majority in Germany will still go ahead, complete with comprehensive, reasonable, and often increased security measures. These include things such as erecting concrete barriers, hiring extra security staff and conducting bag checks.

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