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Are spheres of influence returning to the international stage?

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Are spheres of influence returning to the international stage?

While the concept lost some of its relevance at the end of the Cold War, it is back in the spotlight with the return of Donald Trump and the war in Ukraine.

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Are spheres of influence making a comeback on the international stage?

The concept lost relevance at the end of the Cold War but seems to be regaining interest with the return of Donald Trump to the White House and the war in Ukraine.

“The prolonged crisis in Ukraine has really brought the concept back into global conversations about geopolitics and security. And more recently, the return of Donald Trump to the presidency of the United States has accentuated this concept, Iain Ferguson, assistant professor at the Higher School of Economics (HSE) in Moscow, told Euronews.

A sphere of influence refers to a geographical area that a power has unilaterally declared to be its exclusive space and over which it exercises political, economic and military control.

The concept was defined at the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885, at which the European colonial powers shared out Africa – without of course consulting any Africans on what they thought about being colonised.

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However, it had already been shaping international relations long before, when the United States adopted the Monroe Doctrine in 1823, which condemned all European colonial intervention in Latin and North America.

Catalyst for conflict

It is in Europe’s interest to prevent the formation of exclusive spheres of influence, says Sven Biscop, director of the Europe in the World programme at the Egmont Institute.

“The immediate threat of a sphere of influence is that you cut others off from resources and trade. For Europe, this is a problem because we are an export economy and we have to import most of our resources”, the researcher explained.

In his view, a global race by the major powers to establish spheres of influence would increase geopolitical tensions and risk triggering conflict.

Russia, China and the United States are looking to gain ground. The US President has threatened to annex Greenland and Canada, but this is about territorial expansion, not spheres of influence, Biscop said.

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For its part, “Russia is trying to establish an exclusive sphere of influence by military means and abroad”, he added.

“China is intelligently gaining a lot of influence in the world, but mainly through an economic and political strategy. But this could only become an exclusive sphere of influence if other players, including the European Union, abandoned these countries to China. But this is not the case, he stated.

According to Biscop, the reappearance of spheres of influence is therefore not being observed on a global scale.

“Many countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America are trying to maintain good relations with various major powers, including China, the United States and the EU. So, in a way, it’s exactly the opposite of exclusive spheres of influence.”

For the EU, enlargement is a way of promoting its values. But, in his view, it is not a sphere of influence.

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“Of course, enlargement increases the European Union’s power and influence. But enlargement does not create a sphere of influence. If another state joins the Union, it is part of us. There should be a sphere around us. It would not be part of us,” he stated.

Spheres of influence “are back in the geopolitical conversation in the 21st century. But it is very difficult to see how this translates into concrete political reality on the ground,” Iain Ferguson concluded.

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Scott Pelley Out at CBS News After Dramatic Clash With New ’60 Minutes’ Executive Producer

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Scott Pelley Out at CBS News After Dramatic Clash With New ’60 Minutes’ Executive Producer

And then there were three.

CBS News has terminated “60 Minutes” veteran Scott Pelley after the journalist and executives felt they could not find a way to work together following a heated public argument Monday between Pelley and Nick Bilton, the former tech journalist installed last week by editorial chief Bari Weiss. Pelley is the fourth “60 Minutes” reporter to leave the venerable newsmagazine since February, leaving just a trio — Lesley Stahl, Bill Whitaker and Jon Wertheim — to handle assignments as the show prepares to get stories ready for its 59th season in the fall.

“Your antipathy to the future of the show has come through loud and clear,” Bilton said in a letter sent to Pelley Tuesday evening and reviewed by Variety. “And I have heard you. I therefore write on behalf of CBS News to inform you that your employment with CBS is terminated effective immediately.”

Pelley could not be reached for immediate comment.

Pelley had lambasted both Bilton and Weiss during a staff meeting Monday, questioning their qualifications to manage a program like “60 Minutes,” which is one of the most respected and most watched news programs in the U.S. And he accused Weiss of “murdering ’60 Minutes.’”

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Weiss had indicated last week that she wanted the program “to reach new heights through deep, revelatory journalism that breaks news, exposes wrongdoing, widens public understanding and forces accountability from every institution and every center of power.” Increasingly, however, it is unclear who will be left to accomplish the mission.

CBS News ousted a good chunk of the program’s senior managers last week, including former executive producer Tanya Simon; executive editor Draggan Mihailovich; and correspondents Sharyn Alfonsi and Cecilia Vega. Anderson Cooper, who has contributed to the show for nearly 20 years, announced his exit in February.

In a memo to staff issued Tuesday evening, Bilton tried to assuage staffers. “I know how much Scott meant to you, and I don’t say this lightly. I made repeated attempts to have direct conversations with him over the weekend, and this afternoon I tried to find common ground. That was not the path Scott chose.”

Bilton said he would offer “unyielding support for each of you, the journalism that you do and what we will do together going forward.”

For many, Pelley was in recent years the heart of the newsmagazine. He had turned in segments on breaking political news as well as an emotional profile on former Senator Ben Sasse and a feature on underworld caverns in Vietnam. In 2021, Pelley presented a deeply reported three-part feature on the firefighters who tried to rescue people in the burning World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, culled from tapes of conversations made available by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.

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Indeed, Pelley has won half of all major awards earned by “60 Minutes” during his tenure, which began in 2004.

“I would not want to run ’60 Minutes’ without Scott. He mastered the art of telling a story on ’60 Minutes’ as well as any of the greats that came before him,” says Jeff Fager, who was the second executive producer of “60 Minutes” and a former chairman of CBS News, in a message sent via text. “He is a major talent and his departure is a huge blow to the program.”

Pelley has been known to viewers in other capacities. Pelley anchored “CBS Evening News” between 2011 and 2017. He joined CBS News in 1989, and started his career in journalism as a copy boy at the Lubbock Avalanche Journal in Texas, near his hometown of San Antonio.

“Journalism has nothing whatever to do with popularity. If we all do our jobs right, we’re probably not going to be very popular with a large segment of our audience. Hopefully, that changes day to day and everybody hears something they like eventually,” Pelley told Variety in 2017. “But, journalism has nothing to do with popularity and so therefore, criticism doesn’t bother me too much.”

Whether Bilton will be able to make longtime “60 Minutes” viewers forget about Pelley this fall remains to be seen.

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Iranians speak out over possible Trump-regime deal

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Iranians speak out over possible Trump-regime deal

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Amid President Donald Trump’s Monday announcement that a deal with Iran’s clerical regime is imminent to re-open the Strait of Hormuz and negotiate an end to Tehran’s illicit nuclear weapons program, Iranians who hoped U.S. pressure would force a decisive outcome now fear it may survive while ordinary people absorb the costs.

“Inside Iran, the mood has shifted from early-war optimism to a kind of exhausted resignation, but there is still some hope that this is the moment President Trump will use his leverage to do the right thing. The Iranian people understand this unusually narrow but strategic window,” Lisa Daftari, editor-in-chief of The Foreign Desk who keeps in contact with Iranians on the ground, told Fox News Digital.

She continued that ,”The regime is fiscally strained and politically brittle, while the broader population has been disillusioned by years of repression and economic collapse. Iranians do see this as a one‑time opportunity for Washington — and President Trump in particular — to translate military and economic leverage into the potential collapse of an irrefromable regime. If the outcome is a shallow agreement that props up the system without changing its trajectory, that window will likely close for years.”

TRUMP’S LEADERSHIP CREATES ‘RARE OPPORTUNITY’ FOR CHANGE IN IRAN, FORMER IRANIAN POLITICAL PRISONER SAYS

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An Iranian flag is placed amid rubble next to a destroyed residential building near Ferdowsi Square in Tehran on March 3, 2026. (ATTA KENARE / AFP via Getty Images)

She continued, “If instead, the U.S. holds firm on sanctions and nuclear red lines, it can weaken the regime’s hand without punishing the Iranian people, who have already paid the highest price.”

Daftari, the Iran expert, shared recent correspondence from two Iranians from Tabriz and Tehran.

The resident from Tabriz said, “From my perspective, decades of political tension between Iran and the United States have had their greatest impact on ordinary people rather than those in power. Many families feel their voices are not being heard in international discussions about Iran.” Adding, “I respectfully ask whether you might consider sharing or highlighting the human side of this situation, so that the experiences of ordinary Iranian families are not overlooked in political discussions and media coverage.”

The Tehran resident said, “Today, the people of Iran believe in the future. On days when economic pressure makes the faces of the Iranian people sad, the word ‘unity’ brings a smile to their lips. Our situation is not good, but we are motivated.”

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Fox News Digital surveyed a few Iranians and agreed to use only their first names because the clerical regime has declared the use of Starlink to bypass the censor a criminal act. A sophisticated clandestine network has managed to smuggle some satellite internet technology into Iran to allow people to communicate with the world outside the Islamist state.

Two armed members of Iran’s police special forces stand behind a country flag placed on an armored military vehicle during a pro-Government rally in downtown Tehran, Iran. (Morteza Nikoubazl/NurPhoto via Getty Images)

Hassan, who lives in Tehran, pleaded with President Trump to keep strong in his dealings with the regime, saying that “Things have gotten so bad that even if you wanted to give up and leave Iran and just focus on your own life and work, it feels like there’s nowhere left to turn. Mr. Trump, through these deals and arrangements, has left people feeling trapped, with no road left open.”

Mehdi, who resides in Tehran, expressed confusion about the existence of an agreement. He said, “So what exactly are they agreeing on? Are they saying they’re close to a deal or are there other discussions too? Every minute there is a new piece of news, everyone has a new analysis, everything changes every minute. It’s strange. This war achieved nothing. We’re the only ones left paying the price,” he complained.

THE WAR HITS HOME: WHY FINANCIAL PAIN AND ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY THREATEN TRUMP’S DRIVE TO TOPPLE IRAN’S REGIME

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Hassan from Tehran said that “Mr. Trump, if until yesterday most Iranians thought they were on the same path as America, you caused them all to become disappointed. “Mr. Trump, if you wanted this government to remain in power, why did you blow up factories? Now workers are being laid off, and inflation is out of control. Even with a salary of 18 million tomans, you cannot feed yourself.”

Mahsa, from the Caspian Sea city of Rasht, told Fox News Digital that the system [Islamic Republic of Iran] is still fully intact. They don’t care how many people died. If anything, they seem more emboldened now and even take pride in martyrdom. Yesterday I argued with a regime supporter [who] said: “Our leader didn’t give away a single meter of land, didn’t take a step backward, unlike previous kings who gave away Bahrain, Baku, Nakhchivan, and others.”

Protesters block a street as a crowd gathers during a demonstration in Tehran, Iran, on Jan. 9, 2026. (Mahsa/Middle East Images/AFP)

The concerns among many Iranians revolve around the proposed memorandum of understanding between the U.S. and Iran’s regime. The MOU does not address the overthrow of the clerical regime or human rights violations, according to media reports.  Large numbers of Iranians within Iran and among the Iranian diaspora want the Trump administration to topple the Islamist dictatorship in Tehran.

The MOU reportedly involves a 60-day ceasefire extension. Israel and the U.S. launched a joint attack on Iran on February 28. The MOU would also see the reopening the Strait of Hormuz and new talks over Iran’s illicit nuclear weapons program.

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The leaked elements of the MOU have not been confirmed by the Trump administration.

When asked about the concern among Iranians about a deal with the Islamic Republic, Anna Kelly, a spokeswoman for the White House, told Fox News Digital that “For 47 years, American Presidents and countless other world leaders talked about the threat posed by Iran, but no one had the courage to address it. President Trump took decisive action to ensure that Iran could never harm our homeland, our troops, or our allies again. Once Iran’s nuclear threat is removed for good, the entire region and its people will be safer and more stable.”

IRAN REGIME ESCALATES REPRESSION TOWARD ‘NORTH KOREA-STYLE MODEL OF ISOLATION AND CONTROL’

Protesters march in downtown Tehran, Iran, on Dec. 29, 2025. (Fars News Agency/AP)

However, Trump said last week during his cabinet meeting, “We didn’t set out for regime change,” adding, “But by the fact that we’re dealing with a totally different group of people than we were at the beginning … This is regime change.”

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Reza Farnood, an Iranian American who supports the Trump administration and is a researcher, writer and activist, urged that President Trump continue with his maximum pressure campaign against Tehran.

Farnood told Fox News Digital, “We welcome the bombing and attacking the regime because we are aiming to overthrow the regime.” He urged that Trump continue the blockade of Iran’s vessels and deny money to the regime. He said sanctions relief will be used by Iran “against the U.S. and Israel and their allies and innocent Iranians.”

Farnood stressed that the clerical regime is holding the Iranian people “hostage.”

Kianoosh, who lives in the northern city of Karaj, the capital of  Alborz province, said about Trump’s proposed deal: “You threw six months of our lives into hell. What answer are “you going to give to the mothers of all those children who were killed? Why did you give people false hope? Why did you hand down a death sentence to everything so many people believed in?”

Leading U.S. Senators well-versed in foreign policy have praised Trump’s approach to the Islamic Republic. Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-SC., recently told Fox News’ Sean Hannity “On Trump’s watch, they’re [Iran’s regime] becoming poorer and weaker. That’s the difference.”

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TRUMP’S ‘ECONOMIC FURY’ SQUEEZES IRAN — BUT CAN TEHRAN OUTLAST THE PRESSURE?

Graham juxtaposed Trump’s Iran policy with his predecessors. “Obama and Biden screwed Iran up, and Donald Trump is fixing it. On Obama and Biden’s watch, Iran became rich and lethal,” he said. “On Trump’s watch, they’re becoming poorer and weaker. That’s the difference.”

Iran is running dangerously low on oil storage capacity and could face a severe economic breaking point if forced to halt production, former U.S. Energy Secretary Dan Brouillette recently told Fox News.

Trump has said that Iran’s regime murdered as many as 45,000 Iranian demonstrators in January 2026. He urged just days after the mass murder that protesters keep going and promised them that “help is on its way.”

Lawdan Bazargan, a prominent Iranian-American activist who the regime imprisoned in its infamous Evin Prison in Tehran in the 1980s for political dissent, told Fox News Digital that the Iranians she’s spoken with are discouraged by Trump’s dealings. “He was one of the few world leaders who repeatedly spoke about the thousands of Iranians killed in January 2026 and expressed disgust at the sheer brutality of the Islamic Republic. He had promised support for the Iranian people and raised expectations that meaningful change might finally come.”

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Iranians attend an anti-government protest in Tehran, Iran, on Jan. 9, 2026. (UGC via AP)

She continued: “Now, 88 days later, many people feel they are left facing the same regime, one that appears more emboldened, more ideological, and still willing to repress, execute, and arrest people. The economy has been devastated, and many feel trapped between a government with no mercy and a future with no clear path forward.

For years, 90 million Iranians have lived as hostages of the Islamic Republic. Now, many fear that the consequences no longer stop at Iran’s borders, through threats to global energy routes, regional stability, and even digital infrastructure.”

According to Bazargan, “The question many ordinary Iranians are asking is simple: How are people expected to fight a system that feels victorious, controls the weapons, controls the narrative through a massive propaganda machine, and possesses countless tools of repression?”

A billboard in Tehran displays Iran’s supreme leaders since 1979: Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and Ayatollah Mojtaba Khamenei, who was appointed supreme leader on March 9, 2026. (AFP/Via Getty Images)

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Ali, who is also from the sprawling capital city of Tehran, complained about the spiraling prices and inflation and disappointment that the regime is still in place.

“For a government with state-provided housing and billions in patronage and privileges, what difference did any of this make for its supporters?”

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Ali added: “We’re the ones who are paying the price and getting crushed. How are our children ever supposed to afford these housing and car prices, and how are they supposed to get married?”

The U.S. State Department referred Fox News Digital to the White House for a comment.

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Mexico and Canada push to extend USMCA trade pact

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Mexico and Canada push to extend USMCA trade pact
NewsFeed

Mexico and Canada have backed extending the USMCA trade agreement for another 16 years as negotiations over its future continue. The proposal comes amid an ongoing trade dispute with the United States.

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