Wyomingites and Montanans might want to check their milk cartons. There might be black mold inside.

The state of Montana is grappling with a recent surge of reports of black mold on cartons and prematurely spoiled milk from a dairy that also stocks shelves in northwest Wyoming.

It’s reached a point that the Montana Department of Livestock issued a notice of proposed license suspension to the Meadow Gold Dairy Products factory in Billings on Friday, citing “repeated failures to meet Pasteurized Milk Ordinance standards.”

Meadow Gold received the notice on Tuesday and had 48 hours to respond, according to reports. 

What is this mysterious black mold, and will it impact Wyoming, if it hasn’t already?

Smelled Spoiled

Billings resident Saire Mackay bought a 64-ounce jug of Meadow Gold 2% milk from an Albertsons on July 12. The Montana “Sell By” date was July 18 and the Wyoming date was July 25, but things got funky inside the carton before then.

“We noticed it was getting kind of weird looking,” Mackay told Cowboy State Daily. “We were actually going to have some until my husband smelled it, and we saw the black ring on the outside, just like the ones on TV.”

Mackay’s husband, Doug, said the milk “didn’t smell real bad, but I wasn’t going to drink it by the way it smelled.”

By then, Montana news outlets were reporting several similar incidents of black mold in milk cartons in the Billings area.

“Channel 2 News interviewed a mom with grade-school age kids,” Mackay said. “She was showing her carton on TV, and said her kids spat out the milk as soon as they tasted it.”

Meadow Gold Dairy Products released a statement, saying the company “implemented corrective actions to address the complaints and observations made by the Montana Department of Livestock.”

Meanwhile, the Department of Livestock has issued a Notice of Proposed License Suspension and Opportunity for Hearing to DFA Dairy Brands Fluid, LLC, which does business as Meadow Gold.

What Is It?

While there have been multiple reports about black mold, no explanation has been given. A 2017 scientific article published in The Journal of Dairy Science might have the answer.

In the short communication, “Pseudomonas azotoformans causes gray discoloration in HTST fluid milk,” scientists researched Pseudomonas, a well-known dairy product spoilage organism.

They determined that the gram-negative bacterium, which grows well in refrigeration conditions, can cause color defects in the form of black or grey discoloration, leading to “flavor, odor, and texture defects” in refrigerated milk, pasteurized and unpasteurized, in partially filled containers.

“The defect would likely remain undetected in unopened containers (representing the samples typically used for shelf-life testing by the dairy industry) but may be detected by consumers after partial use of the milk,” the paper reads.

Neither the Montana Department of Livestock nor Meadow Gold Dairy Products have confirmed if the black mold is the result of widespread Pseudomonas contamination.

As of Wednesday, the Department of Livestock has received “no credible reports of illness” associated with the milk or the mold.

“We would like to reiterate there is no indication the issues being reported are attributable to source dairies,” Riley Meredith, Department of Livestock public relations officer, said in a statement.

Wyoming-Bound?

So far, the reports of moldy milk have been concentrated in southeast Montana. Meadow Gold also distributes products in northwest Wyoming, raising concerns the impact might be affecting a much larger population.

Ben Schornak, an inspector specialist with the Wyoming Department of Agriculture (WDA), said he wasn’t aware of any reports of moldy milk cartons in the state.

“From the information coming out of Billings, it looks like they’re working on shutting (Meadow Gold) down,” he said. “If a recall is issued, which means that that product made it down into Wyoming, then we have particular inspectors that deal with recall areas.”

In the event of a Meadow Gold milk recall, Schornak said WDA inspectors will go to any place in Wyoming where that milk has been shipped and pull it from the shelves. However, that is contingent on the company or the State of Montana issuing the recall.

“Per Montana’s state regulations, they’re going to have to issue it,” he said. “We won’t enact (our protocols) until we receive the recall from either the state or the business.”

Moldy milk might have already reached Wyoming. Cowboy State Daily confirmed that a carton of moldy milk was purchased from an Albertsons in Cody in mid-July.

The carton had the same Montana and Wyoming Sell By dates as those reported in the Billings area, but it was inside a 64-ounce carton of chocolate milk distributed by Lucerne Milk, not Meadow Gold.

Now What?

When Mackay learned there were multiple reports of moldy milk cartons, she sent photos of her carton to the Montana Department of Livestock and Dairy Farmers of America, the national milk marketing cooperative headquartered in Kansas City, Kansas.

“I didn’t hear back from the livestock board, but I got an email from Dairy Farmers of America asking me to please call them,” she said. “They were very interested. When I told them it had been on the news in Billings, and a lot of people were talking about it, they were very surprised to hear that.”

Mackay hasn’t had any additional contact with Dairy Farmers of America since that call. She wasn’t given any information or instruction about the moldy milk cartons.

“I’ve also heard that (the mold) showed up in milk cartons from other brands,” she said. “I can’t speak to that, but I have heard that.”

Schornak reaffirmed he wasn’t aware of any reports of moldy milk cartons in Wyoming but said that would “be a new one” for the Wyoming Department of Agriculture.

“The general complaints we get are for food sickness and sanitary conditions, not this,” he said.

If anyone buys a milk carton that develops the black mold, Schornak encouraged them to contact the Wyoming Department of Agriculture and make a report.

“They can do it via email, on our website, or by calling our main office,” he said. “We will take the report, and either an inspector will be sent out within 48 hours, or we will investigate the complaint, find out the facts, and do an inspection accordingly.”

As of Thursday, Meadow Gold Billings hadn’t stopped operations, and neither the company nor the State of Montana has issued a recall.

If either of these scenarios arises, Schornak assured Wyomingites the Department of Agriculture will respond promptly. 

“If they send out a recall, that will come to us, and we will enact our recall protocols and get it removed from the facilities it was shipped to,” he said.

Andrew Rossi can be reached at arossi@cowboystatedaily.com.