Oregon
Can AI help fight wildfires?
In this image provided by the Oregon Department of Transportation, the Durkee fire burns in the background as it nears Interstate 84 near Huntington, Ore., early Sunday, July 21, 2024. (Oregon Department of Transportation via AP)AP
Large forest fires fueled by climate change have burned over 1 million acres in California and Oregon, marking a particularly destructive start to wildfire season and hastening the need for new solutions.
It’s no surprise that much of that focus is on artificial intelligence, a burgeoning and hopeful technology that has also stirred fears and anxiety about its potential consequences, such as eliminating human jobs and industries.
AI is already used to mitigate the threat of wildfires nationwide, helping communities in the drought-hit West and places like Maui find, avoid, fight, and recover from them.
AI can help detect the first signs of smoke, spot fires from satellites, and predict where fires may start and how they will burn in certain terrains. On July 23, the Biden administration announced a $20 million investment that will improve detection, tracking, and provide public safety data.
The federal government maintains an online tracking system that offers a trove of live wildfire data neatly displayed on a map. It can show the location and size of fires, including associated smoke plumes and air sensor readings, acting as early warning systems for residents in neighboring communities and states.
While AI has been useful for residents, there are reservations about its effectiveness on the front lines, where humans remain the best form of defense against wildfires.
Max Alonzo, a 12-year wildland firefighter veteran and current Secretary-Treasurer of the Washington, D.C.-based National Federation of Federal Employees, told Reckon that he doesn’t believe AI has made much of a difference and has detracted from major pay and welfare disputes within the federal government’s wildland firefighting service.
“Artificial intelligence cannot pay our men and women enough,” said Alonzo, whose organization is leading a multi-year effort to secure a permanent pay increase and benefits for wildland firefighters. “It can’t raise the budget to create housing in rural areas for our land management employees. It can’t address the mental health issues we see with our men and women deployed to these fires for months at a time.”
Alonzo said he’s unaware of any formal AI training or planning within the service. However, he did note that as the threat from climate change has grown, the resources needed to fight wildfires have not and are becoming increasingly difficult to maintain.
“I’m sure there is a place for AI,” he added. But I have not seen where it can really make any positive impact at this point.”
The average wildland firefighter’s pay is typically around $34,000 a year but was significantly increased in 2021 by a temporary $20,000 bump that expired in Sept. 2023. However, with predictions that 50% of firefighters would quit without a new pay deal, the increase was extended by another year.
The U.S. House passed a $330 million pay increase, and there are encouraging signs that the plan will pass the U.S. Senate. But money is just one of the issues. High rates of suicide, homelessness and cancer remain major points of contention as pay negotiations continue.
Big wildfire season
Nearly 30,000 wildfires have burned around 4.7 million acres in 2024, higher than the 10-year average, according to the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC).
The Durkee Fire in Oregon’s Blue Mountain region is 86% contained as of Monday after burning around 300,000 acres since July 17. Started by lightning strikes, it’s one of the largest wildfires in state history. Dozens of other large blazes in the state are close to collectively surpassing the massive and destructive 2020 season, which burned around 1.2 million acres.
California’s Park Fire has burned close to 400,000 acres but was allegedly started on purpose. It’s the fourth largest in state history and is around 30% contained.
It was hoped that heavy summer rains would deter drought conditions, but a triple-digit heatwave in July left large chunks of the West vulnerable. Smoke from the fires has spread to northern Canada, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Atlantic Ocean, according to the NIFC.
AI has shown some promise in mitigating the worst of wildfires and helping plan ahead.
In the aftermath of the Maui wildfires, which were started by downed powerlines but exacerbated by dry conditions, Michigan State University researchers produced highly detailed maps that allowed them to track how the fires started and spread. The maps can help with remediation efforts and assess future risks, like the location of forests and vegetation in relation to at-risk communities. Other AI technologies under consideraation in Hawai’i enable officials to make hyper-local wildfire predictions using rainfall, soil moisture and wind speeds. According to scientists at the University of Hawai’i, dry brush and high winds are strong predictors of wildfires.
Although some AI wildfire technology may be years away from reaching its full potential, combining it with advances in robotics, software, and climate change research could help with more than just detecting and fighting fires, such as monitoring flooding.
Here are some ways technology is helping:
1. Early detection and monitoring
- Satellite imagery: Satellites equipped with thermal sensors and infrared cameras can detect hotspots and monitor wildfire spread in real-time.
- AI-supported wildfire sensors: Ground-based sensors enhanced with artificial intelligence (AI) analyze data in real-time to detect early signs of wildfires, such as smoke, temperature spikes, and unusual atmospheric conditions.
- Drones: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide high-resolution images and real-time data, even in remote or inaccessible areas. They can also detect heat signatures and map fire perimeters.
2. Prediction and risk assessment
- Machine learning: Algorithms analyze vast amounts of data, including weather patterns, vegetation moisture levels, and historical fire data, to predict wildfire risk and behavior.
- Weather forecasting models: Advanced meteorological models predict conditions conducive to wildfires, such as high winds and low humidity, enabling better preparedness.
- GIS mapping: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) map high-risk areas by analyzing topography, vegetation, and human activity, helping to allocate resources more effectively.
- Flooding sensors: Post-fire sensors can monitor areas at risk of flooding due to vegetation loss and altered landscapes, providing early warnings and risk assessments.
3. Communication and coordination
- Incident management systems: Integrated systems like the Incident Command System (ICS) help coordinate responses by providing a common platform for communication and resource allocation among multiple agencies.
- Mobile apps: Apps like “Wildfire Info” and “Fires Near Me” provide real-time updates and alerts to the public, helping communities stay informed and safe.
4. Suppression and containment
- Aerial firefighting: Advanced aircraft equipped with infrared cameras and water or retardant dropping systems, such as I4F foam, are used to combat fires. These include helicopters, drones, and fixed-wing planes.
- Robotics: Ground-based firefighting robots can navigate hazardous terrains to create firebreaks, clear vegetation, and apply fire retardants, reducing risk to human firefighters.
- Firefighting equipment: Innovations like fire-resistant drones and autonomous vehicles enhance firefighting capabilities and safety.
5. Post-fire analysis and recovery
- Remote Sensing: Post-fire, remote sensing technology assesses damage, maps burned areas, and monitors vegetation recovery.
- Data Analytics: Analyzing data from past wildfires helps improve future responses and strategies. This includes understanding fire patterns and the effectiveness of suppression techniques.
Oregon
Bilodeau scores 18, UCLA beats short-handed Oregon 73-57, extends Ducks’ skid to 7 games
EUGENE, Ore. — – Tyler Bilodeau had 18 points, Eric Daily Jr. had his second double-double this season, and UCLA beat short-handed Oregon 73-57 on Wednesday night to extend the Ducks’ losing streak to seven games.
Dailey finished with 14 points and a career-high tying 11 rebounds. Donovan Dent scored 11 of his 15 in the second half for UCLA (15-6, 7-3 Big Ten) and Trent Perry, who was scoreless on 0-for-5 shooting before halftime, added 12 points.
The Bruins have won three in a row and five of their last six.
Kwame Evans Jr. led Oregon (8-13, 1-9) with 24 points, which included four 3-pointers, and nine rebounds. Nate Bittle, Jackson Shelstad and Takai Simpkins – who are first (16.3 per game), second (15.6) and fourth (12.4), respectively, on the team in scoring this season – did not play for the Ducks due to injuries.
Evans made a layup to open the scoring 10 seconds into the game but UCLA scored the next eight points to take the lead for good. Bilodeau scored seven points in a 13-2 run that made it 26-13 with 7:08 left in the first half.
The Ducks, who started 1-of-11 shooting, shot just 25% (8 of 32) from the field, 4 of 17 (24%) from 3-point range, in the first half.
UCLA has won four straight in the series and is 98-42 against the Ducks.
Dailey threw down an alley-oop dunk that gave UCLA its biggest lead at 44-24 with 16:46 left in the game. Evans scored the Ducks’ first seven points in a 12-2 run that trimmed the deficit to 10 about 3 1/2 minutes later, but Oregon got no closer.
UCLA made 20 of 23 from the free-throw line, where the Ducks went 6 of 9.
Up next
UCLA: The Bruins host Indiana on Saturday.
Oregon: The Ducks host Iowa on Sunday.
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Oregon
Oregon policymakers look to mend broken trust with Harney County irrigators
It’s January, fields of water-hungry hay are dormant, and a layer of hoarfrost and fog blankets the sagebrush for miles in Oregon’s remote southeast corner.
But as fields lie frozen, the seeds of an impending crisis continue to grow in Harney County.
It’s sure to force many farmers into a tough financial spot. Some say it could put them out of business. And now, some farmers are trying to navigate a problem that’s both about the economy, and the environment.
A center pivot sits on agricultural land in Harney County, Ore., on Dec. 18, 2025. Eli Imadali / OPB
The Harney Basin does not have enough groundwater to allow the current pace of irrigation to continue.
In December, water regulators adopted a plan to address the issue.
But many locals feel that the plan ignores their needs and could devastate a region whose economy largely revolves around agriculture.
Some have come to distrust the very agency in charge of managing the state’s water. They’re now forging a partnership with the governor’s office with the hope they can avoid, or at least delay, costly litigation.
“There’s a lot of animosity. And some of it is valid, and some of it’s not,” said state Rep. Mark Owens — a Republican from Harney County and a farmer. “Right now, if the state wants to work with this community, there needs to be a different face leading this instead of the water resource department, and the other option is the governor’s office.”
A disagreement over water management
Last month, the Oregon Water Resources Commission unanimously voted to designate much of the Harney Basin in southeast Oregon a critical groundwater area.
This designation will give the state more authority to reduce how much water irrigators can pump out of the aquifer, with the goal to stabilize it by 2058.
The Harney Basin spans 5,240 square miles of southeast Oregon’s high desert.
Almost all of the groundwater that’s used each year, about 97%, is pumped out to irrigate fields of hay that feed beef and dairy cattle.
For the last three decades, there’s been a problem: The water is drying up.
A center pivot sits on agricultural land in Harney County, Ore., on Dec. 18, 2025.
Eli Imadali / OPB
For decades, the state’s water resources department – overseen by the commission – enabled developers to drill new wells and pump out more water from the aquifer than what can naturally be replenished by rain and snowmelt.
That continued long after the department knew it wasn’t sustainable.
Irrigators in the basin acknowledge the problem – but many disagree with the state’s “critical groundwater area” designation and with how the state has interpreted the science that underpins it.
In one area of the basin north of Malheur Lake, groundwater levels have declined by more than 140 feet below the water table and, since 2016, have continued to drop by as much as eight feet per year.
But groundwater levels in other parts of the basin have not dropped as drastically – falling by less than a foot per year in some places.
As it stands, the water resources department’s plan to cut how much water irrigators can use in the basin doesn’t go into effect until 2028. That plan outlines how some water users will have to cut back their use by up to 70% over the next 30 years.
Before the plan takes effect, water users will have the opportunity to contest the restrictions they might face – a process that would require an attorney and an administrative law judge. It could be costly and take years to resolve.
But many farmers disagree with this plan.
Some feel they’re being punished for the water resources department’s failure. Some say the plan treats all irrigators the same, even though groundwater declines are not uniform across the basin.
Meanwhile, other people in the basin, residents who have domestic or livestock wells but are not irrigators, say the state is not acting fast enough to regulate water users.
In September, a coalition of residents, irrigators, tribes and local governments organized under Owens filed a petition asking the water resources commission to consider a different plan that diverged from the state’s own proposals to cut water use in the region.
In a memo, the water resources department determined the petition’s proposal would result in “continued long-term groundwater level declines” in most areas of the basin.
The commission rejected the petition and adopted the state’s plan instead.
Lost trust, and a different approach
Now, Owens is advocating for a different approach.
If the water resources department proceeds with its plan, many irrigators are likely to contest the restrictions they face.
Owens would like to give them more time to work on what’s called a “voluntary water conservation agreement” – a binding agreement to reduce water use, but one that irrigators would have a say in writing.
That’s where the governor’s office could come in, he said.
“There is some trust that needs to be gained again if we have a desire to work with the [water resources] commission on voluntary actions, because it’s not there right now,” Owens said. “The governor’s office can weigh in with the agencies, specifically the water resource department, and give direction on, ‘You have regulatory sideboards now, but slow down.’”
FILE – State Rep. Mark Owens, R-Crane, poses for a portrait in his Burns, Ore., office on Dec. 17, 2025.
Eli Imadali / OPB
That doesn’t mean the governor’s office plans to take over for the water resource department, according to Anca Matica, a spokesperson for Gov. Tina Kotek.
“We trust our agency. We know we monitor the agency’s work and implementation, but we also want to hear from community members to figure out are there ways we can do better,” Matica said. “Are there ways that we can help provide guidance to that agency that maybe they didn’t have?”
Geoff Huntington, a senior natural resources advisor for the governor, was at a meeting last week in Burns when irrigators met with Owens and state officials to discuss their options.
He acknowledged the lack of trust.
“We have a trust issue, right? Let’s call it what it is. It’s a trust issue,” Huntington said. “That’s a legitimate thing that has to be overcome if we’re going to be moving forward, and I say that on behalf of the department and the governor’s office.”
Geoff Huntington and Chandra Ferrari, both with the governors natural resources policy office, at a community meeting in Burns, Ore. on Jan. 22, 2026.
Alejandro Figueroa / OPB
Chandra Ferrari, also a natural resources advisor for the governor, told irrigators at the meeting that developing voluntary water conservation agreements would require a joint effort between the governor and the water resources department.
“Part of the trust building is us resetting right now and recognizing that we have an opportunity for a better pathway,” Ferrari said. “There is potential right now for this agreement, but ideally, we’re coming with you, right? The [Kotek] administration is coming with you to the [water resources] commission and saying we have a good path here.”
To date, no voluntary water conservation agreements have succeeded or even been proposed in Oregon, though.
A center pivot in a field covered with a layer of hoarfrost at a farm near Crane, Ore., Jan 22, 2026.
Alejandro Figueroa / OPB
“Voluntary agreements are a tool that’s available, but has not been used,” said a spokesperson with Oregon’s Water Resources Department. “There has not been one proposed to the department in regards to the Harney Basin.”
Owens said he’s optimistic the approach can work in the Harney Basin, but it will take time.
“These community members would like to try to take some of the fate in their own hands,” he said. “I am optimistic that our farmers will come together for the benefit of the community, for the benefit of themselves, and for the benefit of the state. And work toward reasonable reductions to hit reasonably stable [water levels] within a time frame that can work.”
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