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Carnivorous squirrels documented in California

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Carnivorous squirrels documented in California


A California ground squirrel in Conta Costa County runs with a vole it hunted in its mouth. A study from UC Davis and University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire is the first to document widespread carnivorous feeding of voles by squirrels. Credit: Sonja Wild/UC Davis

A ground squirrel with cheeks stuffed with nuts, seeds or grains is a common sight. But a new study provides the first evidence that California ground squirrels also hunt, kill and eat voles. The study, led by the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and University of California, Davis, is the first to chronicle widespread carnivorous behavior among squirrels.

Published in the Journal of Ethology, the study fundamentally changes our understanding of ground squirrels. It suggests that what was considered a granivorous species actually is an opportunistic omnivore and more flexible in its diet than was assumed.

The observations occurred in 2024—the 12th year of the Long-term Behavioral Ecology of California Ground Squirrels Project conducted at Briones Regional Park in Contra Costa County. Out of 74 observed interactions with voles between June and July, 42% involved active hunting of these small rodents by ground squirrels.

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“This was shocking,” said lead author Jennifer E. Smith, an associate professor of biology at UW-Eau Claire who leads the long-term ground squirrels project with Sonja Wild of UC Davis.

“We had never seen this behavior before. Squirrels are one of the most familiar animals to people. We see them right outside our windows; we interact with them regularly. Yet here’s this never-before-encountered-in-science behavior that sheds light on the fact that there’s so much more to learn about the natural history of the world around us.”

Carnivorous squirrels documented in California
A California ground squirrel eats a vole it hunted in Briones Regional Park in Contra Costa County. Credit: Sonja Wild, UC Davis

Wild has observed hundreds of squirrels in nature and yet, even for her, when the undergraduate students came in from field work and told her what they had witnessed, she said, “No, I’m not sure what you’re referring to.” Then she watched the video.

“I could barely believe my eyes,” said Wild, a postdoctoral research fellow in the UC Davis Environmental Science and Policy department. “From then, we saw that behavior almost every day. Once we started looking, we saw it everywhere.”

Opportunists amid rapid change

Through videos, photos and direct observations at the regional park, the authors documented California ground squirrels of all ages and genders hunting, eating and competing over vole prey between June 10 and July 30.

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The squirrels’ carnivorous summer behavior peaked during the first two weeks of July, coinciding with an explosion of vole numbers at the park reported by citizen scientists on iNaturalist. This suggests the squirrels’ hunting behavior emerged alongside a temporary increase in the availability of prey, the study said. The scientists didn’t observe the squirrels hunting other mammals.

Carnivorous squirrels documented in California
A California ground squirrel dines on a vole it hunted in a Bay Area regional park. Credit: Sonja Wild, UC Davis

“The fact that California ground squirrels are behaviorally flexible and can respond to changes in food availability might help them persist in environments rapidly changing due to the presence of humans,” Wild said.

Smith added that many species, including the California ground squirrel, are “incredible opportunists.” From raccoons and coyotes to spotted hyenas and humans, the flexibility these mammals apply to their hunting strategies helps them change and adapt with the human landscape.

“Through this collaboration and the data coming in, we’re able to document this widespread behavior that we had no idea was going on,” Smith said. “Digital technology can inform the science, but there’s no replacement for going out there and witnessing the behavior because what animals are doing always surprises us.”

The researchers said many questions remain unanswered, including how widespread hunting behavior is among squirrels, whether and how it is passed down from parent to pup, and how it affects ecological processes.

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The authors are also excited to return to the field next summer to see what impact, if any, this year’s vole hunting may have on squirrel reproduction compared to the past decade.

More information:
Vole hunting: Novel predatory and carnivorous behavior by California ground squirrels, Journal of Ethology (2024). DOI: 10.1007/s10164-024-00832-6

Citation:
Carnivorous squirrels documented in California (2024, December 18)
retrieved 18 December 2024
from https://phys.org/news/2024-12-carnivorous-squirrels-documented-california.html

This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no
part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

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Jeep driver becomes stranded on slopes of Northern California ski resort; accused of DUI

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Jeep driver becomes stranded on slopes of Northern California ski resort; accused of DUI


Lake Tahoe’s Northstar resort opens day early

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Lake Tahoe’s Northstar resort opens day early

02:02

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TRUCKEE — A driver was arrested on suspicion of DUI after driving their Jeep onto the slopes of a Northern California ski resort, becoming stuck in the process.

Late Monday night, officers from the Truckee office of the California Highway Patrol were called to the Northstar California Resort north of Lake Tahoe after a Jeep Wrangler SUV became stuck on the slope.

Officers said they made their way to the stranded SUV with the help of the resort’s crew and their snowcat. Following an investigation, the driver was arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence.

According to a post on the agency’s Facebook page, which incuded video of the incident, authorities said the driver had intended to take a “shortcut” back to their hotel.

🏔️Ski Slopes Aren’t Roadways 🚙

Late last night, CHP Truckee officers were called to an unusual scene — a white Jeep stranded on Northstar California Resort’s ski slope. Turns out, this driver’s idea of a “hotel shortcut” was anything but… and a few drinks didn’t help their navigation skills.

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With assistance from NorthStar’s incredible crew and their snowcat, CHP officers made their way up the slope. After investigating, the driver was arrested for suspicion of driving under the influence. Stoke meter? 0% Arrest meter? 100%

Remember: Alcohol impairs judgment and driving ability. Don’t let a poor decision turn into a costly mistake. Plan a sober ride and help keep the roads — and ski slopes — safe for everyone. NEVER DRINK AND DRIVE and leave the “first chair” to the skiers! 🚔❄️⛷️

#CHPTruckee #DontDrinkAndDrive #DesignateASoberDriver #PowderDaysNotJailDays #WrongKindOfLiftTicket #FirstChairToHandcuffs #FirstInLineBrah

Posted by CHP – Truckee on Tuesday, December 17, 2024

“Turns out, this driver’s idea of a ‘hotel shortcut’ was anything but… and a few drinks didn’t help their navigation skills,” the agency said.

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Authorities did not release the driver’s identity.

CHP officers reminded drivers not to drive impaired. 

“Don’t let a poor decision turn into a costly mistake. Plan a sober ride and help keep the roads — and ski slopes — safe for everyone,” the agency said.

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California 2026 4-star DE Simote Katoanga breaks down recruiting plans

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California 2026 4-star DE Simote Katoanga breaks down recruiting plans


One of the easiest recruiting tools ever – dominate against Trinity League competition = college glory awaits. Year after year the Southern California high school football conference produces some of the nation’s best talent. At JSerra Catholic, the Lions have a torchbearer in defensive end Simote Katoanga.

There’s no hyperbole when running down the long list of what Katoanga (6-5, 255) brings to the field. Twitchy with a great first step, Katoanga puts offensive linemen on roller skates pushing them into the lap of the quarterback. Even on plays where Katoanga doesn’t get the stat credit he has created chaos allowing his teammates to reap the rewards.

College scouts agree that Katoanga is a difference maker with 24 offers extended.

“They love that I can play off the edge and inside, like a hybrid,” Katoanga said. “They love my get off and my physicality. They love my speed and power.”

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Bad news for California squads, Katoanga is adding more tools to the skill belt.

“I want to get better with my run fits, going to the side, and I am working on my pass rush moves,” Katoanga stated. “I want to be more fluid with my moves and not always relying on speed and power, but also my quickness.”

With Michigan showing interest, teams like Notre Dame, Georgia, Nebraska, Miami, Clemson, Cal, Oregon, Tennessee UCLA, Texas A&M, USC, Washington, and Arizona State have dropped offers.

“Most of the schools that have offered reach out,” Katoanga shared. “I talk to most schools on a daily basis; each week I talk to them.”

Katoanga added which teams are communicating how the four-star would fit nicely into their scheme.

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“Most of them are talking about how they’d use me; Notre Dame, Oregon, Clemson, Tennessee, and UDUB (Washington) tell me what they see me as. I talk to most of the schools about how they see me.”

USC, Clemson, Washington, Notre Dame, Ohio State, and UCLA hosted Katoanga for regular season games. The Class of 2026 talent broke down visits with the Bruins, Fighting Irish, and Buckeyes.

UCLA: “It was great. I definitely see them, since their head coach (Chip Kelly) left, I see their potential. I love seeing what they are building at UCLA. I love their potential for next season.”

Notre Dame: “Man, it was a great experience. One of the highlights was the player walk. They have a long line with fans on both sides; we walked after the players. The fans were cheering, even for the recruits. Watching their d-line dominate against Florida State was also very cool. It gave me a vision where I could see myself playing for them.”

Ohio State: “I had a great time there too. I had a great time talking to coach Larry Johnson (DL). I liked watching their defense and how they dominated against Indiana.”

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The 2025 visit schedule is wide open for Katoanga.

“There is nothing set right now,” Katoanga stated. “I have not checked out Tennessee. I want to check them out before I start eliminating schools.”

Katoanga expanded on his future recruiting plans, “I will probably take spring visits; go to some practices and Junior Days. I will narrow it down from there. When I take my official visits, that will probably be my top schools.”



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Can new state regulations resolve California's home insurance crisis? | Opinion

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Can new state regulations resolve California's home insurance crisis? | Opinion

There’s no law requiring California property owners to carry insurance, but the vast majority buy it to protect themselves from fire and other perils, or are required to do so by their mortgage lenders.

There’s also no law requiring insurance companies to offer coverage in California, but most would prefer to do so in the nation’s most immense concentration of property needing protection.

For decades, insuring California’s homes, farms and commercial properties was a hum-drum business of willing sellers and willing buyers. However, the former have become less willing as the state experiences an ever-increasing number of wildfires — even during winter months — that devastate homes and businesses in fire-prone areas.

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Last Friday, as the latest of those fires was driving people from their homes in the quaint seaside village of Malibu, Ricardo Lara, the state’s elected insurance commissioner, formally unveiled a large chunk of his plan to stem the exodus of insurers from California.

It would allow insurers to use computer modeling of future exposure to set premiums, while requiring them to offer coverage in risky communities roughly in line with their shares of the market. Until now, insurers set rates based on past losses.

“Giving people more choices to protect themselves is how we will solve California’s insurance crisis,” Lara said in a statement as he released details of the modeling plan. “For the first time in history we are requiring insurance companies to expand where people need help the most. With our changing climate we can no longer look to the past. We are being innovative and forward-looking to protect Californians’ access to insurance.”

He also noted that in setting rates, insurers will be required to consider hardening efforts by threatened communities and property owners to reduce potential losses.

Lara claims support from environmental groups, farmers and other stakeholders, in addition to insurers. But he’s drawing sharp criticism from Consumer Watchdog, an organization that has sponsored landmark changes in insurance regulation. The group has also received millions of dollars in fees from intervening in insurance rates cases, and has been a harsh critic of Lara throughout his time in office.

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“Full transparency is what keeps insurance rates honest but Commissioner Lara’s rule does away with that protection,” Consumer Watchdog executive director Carmen Balber said in a statement. “The rule will let insurance companies raise rates based on secret algorithms but not expand coverage as promised.”

The new rules take effect in January. Farmers Insurance, California’s second-largest property insurer, has already pledged to expand its coverage in response to Lara’s actions. The American Property Casualty Association, a trade group, also reacted positively.

“California will continue to have a robust regulatory and rate approval process that guarantees that rates reflect the actual cost of covering claims,” the association said.

While the rules unveiled last week are central to Lara’s plans, there are other elements that remain: shoring up the FAIR Plan, California’s last ditch insurer for property owners who cannot obtain coverage elsewhere, speeding up insurance rate case approvals, and allowing insurers to include costs of reinsurance — coverage of their potential losses — in setting rates.

Adoption of Lara’s plans may result in premium increases, but maintaining a viable insurance market is a vital factor in the state’s economy. The inability to buy insurance would devastate the residential and commercial real estate market and require property owners to pay for fire losses out of their own pockets.

Lara’s plans may not be perfect, but nobody — including Consumer Watchdog — has offered a better alternative. He should be credited with at least attempting to deal with one of California’s existential crises.

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