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A historical guide to name origins for Anchorage’s major streets and roads: Part 2

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A historical guide to name origins for Anchorage’s major streets and roads: Part 2


Part of a continuing weekly series on Alaska history by local historian David Reamer.

The most common type of history question people ask me can be summed up as: “Why’s it named that?” Everyone lives in a relationship with their surroundings. And as with any relationship, knowing more about your partner — Anchorage, in this case — promotes a stronger connection. Today, it is time to learn the name origins for Anchorage’s major roads in the second part of a two-part story.

We left off last time with the transition from Campbell Airstrip Road into Basher Drive. Many Anchorage roads were perfunctorily, even lazily named for people who happened to live near them. Basher is indeed named after a person but gets there differently as no historical man or woman is named Basher.

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Incorporated in 1958, Basher was briefly an independent town nestled up in the Chugach Foothills, though the putative city only truly existed as a technically legal way for residents to save money on their taxes and buy surplus road-clearing equipment for the bargain price of $1.98. Though other people owned land in the area, only two families lived there full-time, the Taylors and Cottises.

Earlier in the 1950s, Ralph Cottis hired Stuart Tope (1909-1968) to expand the road. Even in a city where the residents have never been renowned for their driving prowess, Tope’s inability to follow a line stood out. In 1958, Ralph said of Tope, “He bashes everything. When he’s plowing the road, he knocks down trees. If you’re driving up the road, he’s liable to hit you. He’s a born basher.” Marjorie Cottis later recalled, “Stuart was a real peach. One day he almost ran into the doghouse with the blade of his bulldozer. Another time he knocked off the gate post.” If only other Anchorage streets were so honestly named, though getting around town would be confusing with so many roads named Pothole.

[A historical guide to name origins for Anchorage’s major roads: Part 1]

Over toward the other side of town, Minnesota Drive illustrates another way streets get their names. When Minnesota Drive was first built in the early 1950s, it was a relatively minor road, part of a development with several streets named after states, including Wyoming and Oregon. The adjacent part of West 36th Avenue was also originally called California Drive. The chosen states perhaps reflected the background of the developers and their families.

Developers and the city planning departments that approve names tend to favor themes. Collectively named streets are one helpful step toward the construction of a community identity. Where the neighborhood goes from there is another story, e.g., the dead presidents section of Spenard. Other naming clusters around Anchorage include groups of streets named for horse races, places in Switzerland, colleges, flowers, trees, Roman gods and pilots.

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Over several decades, Minnesota Drive was built up into its modern form as an expressway, including the bypass linking it to downtown in 1968. In 2012, most of the Minnesota Drive Expressway was renamed the Walter J. Hickel Parkway after the former Secretary of the Interior and two-time governor. However, the new name did not affect existing addresses.

Dowling Road is named for Bernard Andrew “Bud” Dowling (1920-2002), a longtime city surveyor. After retiring in 1978, he promptly relocated to Booneville, North Carolina, where he lived for the rest of his life. A surprising number of Anchorage road namesakes, like Joe Spenard and Burl Tudor, spent only part, sometimes only a small part, of their lives here.

Jewel Lake and Sand Lake Roads, of course, take their naming instructions from the lakes. Jewel Lake was perhaps named for its appearance, as like a jewel to some romantically-inclined pilots. Sand Lake is another of those self-explanatory names. Sand Lake Road used to be far longer, forming a sizeable U-shaped course that additionally included what is now Raspberry Road and Dimond Boulevard.

The Dimond Boulevard section of Sand Lake Road was renamed in 1966 after lawyer, politician, and judge Anthony “Tony” Dimond (1881-1953). He was the mayor of Valdez (1920-1922, 1925-1932), Alaska’s nonvoting delegate to Congress (1933-1945), and a U.S. District Judge (1945-1953). “Dimond” was previously considered as a possible name for the Fairview neighborhood and the Park Strip.

Driving east, Dimond Boulevard transitions into Abbott Road, which is named for homesteader Cecil Abbott (1898-1986), a World War II veteran who moved north in 1944 and made a fortune in real estate and insurance. He was the first president of the Alaska Association of Realtors. Abbott Road was originally a loop onto what is now Lake Otis Parkway. As seen on a 1954 Anchorage map, Abbott Road then included parts of what is now East 68th Avenue and Elmore Road. That loop contained a neighborhood that became known as Abbott Loop, a name that lingered decades after the road names changed.

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South of Abbott is O’Malley Road, named for longtime Anchorage doctor James “Doc” O’Malley Sr. (1907-1974). He moved to Anchorage in 1946 with his wife and fellow doctor, Virginia. According to his granddaughter, journalist and author Julia O’Malley, the road was only named after him because he was the first to sign a petition for road improvements.

Huffman Road is named for radio operator Vernon “Vern” Huffman (1906-1974). In 1940, he and his wife Evelyn (1911-1978) moved to Anchorage and homesteaded on what is now Upper Huffman Road. They were leading advocates for the development of a Baháʼí community in Anchorage.

Klatt Road is named for Lester and Dora Klatt, who rode the Alcan Highway north in 1947. They had just married in California and were inspired by a book called “Opportunity in Alaska” by George Sundborg, the content of which can be correctly assumed from the title. When they got to Anchorage, they quickly filed for a homestead on a piece of boggy land several miles south of Anchorage city limits. Lester, people seemed to have called him Les, did some carpentry and sheetmetal work before he and Dora opened their nursery business, Country Gardens.

William “Pappy” Elmore (1915-1980) was a journeyman ironworker when he moved to Alaska in 1949, a former stunt and bomber pilot, the difference being whether it was during peacetime or not. He and his wife, Kathryn, homesteaded on their Elmore Road off Rabbit Creek Road, receiving patent on the property in 1953. He was president of Alaska’s first ironworker union but gained more fame for his role in the Alaska National Guard. He was instrumental in creating Operation Santa Claus, the Christmas tradition of airlifting gifts and supplies to Alaska villages. In 1961, he organized the daring rescue of 11 University of Alaska scientists downed and trapped on an Arctic ice floe. And he commanded the Guard from 1964 to 1966 and 1971 to 1973.

Rabbit Creek Road takes its name from the creek, and the creek name is a direct translation of the Dena’ina place name, Ggeh Betnu. In his 1971 Dictionary of Alaska Placenames, Donald Orth noted that “Rabbit Creek” usage predated the establishment of Anchorage by several years. There are no major roads in Anchorage named after Alaska Natives.

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Of the two highways out of town, the Glenn Highway is named for career Army officer Edwin Glenn (1857-1926). During construction, the road was informally called the Chickaloon Highway before its official naming in 1942. Glenn’s limited connection to Alaska came as leader of 1898-1899 expeditions into southcentral Alaska.

In early 1900, Glenn departed Alaska for his new posting in the Philippines. The Spanish-American War was two years gone, and he arrived amid open war between Filipino nationalists and American soldiers. During his time there, Glenn ordered several atrocities, including several documented instances of illegal torture, the shooting of prisoners, and the torching of a town without ties to any rebel forces. For these acts, he was twice court-martialed, once found guilty and once acquitted.

Glenn acknowledged these incidents but did not consider what he did torture. This conceptualization reflected his thoughts on the Filipino people, in that he did not truly see them as people. As he testified, “Every man, woman, and child in the islands was an enemy, and in my best judgment, they are today and always will be.” Despite the evident disdain of his commanders and public condemnation, he remained in the Army until 1919, partly a reflection of the shortage of experienced officers.

The other way by car out of town, the Seward Highway, is named after former Secretary of State William Henry Seward (1801-1872). After leaving office, he visited Alaska in 1869 and spoke at Sitka. In a real way, he established a standard for visiting politicians with his vague promises, compliments, and comments on the weather. Said Seward of Alaska, “It is an honest climate, for it makes no pretensions to constancy,” a solid line.

With the speed of a properly functioning city, we have plowed through the name origins of Anchorage’s major roads. In conclusion, it is worth considering the most prominent proposed local roads that never came to be. The 1980 Anchorage, Alaska Metropolitan Area General Plan was published in 1961 and envisioned the city as it might best appear 20 years later. The transportation design in the plan is strikingly different from what we have today. The connection between the Seward and Glenn highways diverts around Fairview, unlike the late 1960s expansion of Gambell and Ingra streets that horribly divided the neighborhood. Most notably, Coastal and Foothills Parkways circle much of the city. While aspects of the 1980 General Plan remained scheduled into the 1970s, city leaders never intended to implement it. Vocal criticism from coastal and foothill residents was a major factor, people with no interest in a major thoroughfare running through their communities.

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Key sources:

Abbott, Jeanne. “How the Names of Anchorage’s Past Fare Today.” Anchorage Daily News, June 13, 1982, D4.

“Businessman Abbott Dies at 87.” Anchorage Times, March 8, 1986, A-5.

City of Anchorage Planning Commission. 1980 Anchorage, Alaska Metropolitan Area General Plan. Anchorage: City of Anchorage, 1961.

“Former National Guard General Dies.” Anchorage Times, November 10, 1980, A1, A3.

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Hunt, Daniel W. Greater Anchorage Area Guide Map. Anchorage: D.W. Hunt, August 1954.

Kari, James, James A. Fall, and Shem Pete. Shem Pete’s Alaska: The Territory of the Upper Cook Inlet Dena’ina, Revised 2nd ed. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Press, 2016.

Makinson, Larry. “Wipe Basher Off Alaska Maps.” Anchorage Daily Times, December 14, 1972, 8.

“New City Set Up Next to Anchorage.” Anchorage Daily Times, August 8, 1958, 9.

“Obituaries—Bud Dowling, 82.” Anchorage Daily News, March 23, 2002, B9.

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“Obituaries—Eldrick “Dick” Michael Turpin, 87.” Anchorage Daily News, June 23, 2000, B-15.

“Obituaries—Vernon E. Huffman.” Anchorage Daily News, January 20, 1974, A-2.

O’Malley, Julia. “M.L.K. Avenue: Too Long in Coming.” Anchorage Daily News, August 5, 2010, A3.

Orth, Donald J. Dictionary of Alaska Place Names, Geological Survey, Professional Paper 567. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1971.





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Andrew Kurka is eyeing Paralympic gold. After, his Alaska bed and breakfast awaits

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Andrew Kurka is eyeing Paralympic gold. After, his Alaska bed and breakfast awaits


CORTINA D’AMPEZZO, Italy — Andrew Kurka spent his childhood roaming the outdoors of rural Alaska at his family’s homestead near Nikolaevsk, with 600 acres at his fingertips, sleeping inside only because he had to. But it was always fishing that was the lure.

Even as a 5-year-old, the now 34-year-old para Alpine gold medalist was resolute.

In those early years, his mom, Amy Bleakney, joined Kurka on the edge of a river for hours and hours as he searched for that one fish he was trying to catch. While temperatures might have dipped and time dragged on, there was no stopping Kurka and his child-sized fishing pole.

“‘We can come back,’” Bleakney would try to tell her son. “‘The fish is still going to be here tomorrow.’ He’s like, ‘No, I got to get it.’”

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Bleakney would sit in the truck and watch her son.

“We didn’t leave until he caught his fish,” Bleakney said.

Thirty years later, Kurka still feels the pull of the water and Alaska. It’s been his home and the place that holds the next chapter of his life as he plans to step back from ski racing following the 2026 Milan Cortina Winter Paralympics. Shaped by the nature around him, he’ll be looking to help others find that sense of purpose with his next steps.

Just as he found his.

When Kurka was 13, he severely damaged three vertebrae in the middle of his spinal cord in an ATV accident. About three months after his accident, a family friend got him back in a boat and out on the water to go fishing. Kurka was in a back brace and still in excruciating pain, so the pair didn’t spend much time out. But that hour or so in the middle of nowhere was all Kurka needed.

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“It was something that I wanted and something that I needed in my life, and he was able to help me get that, and then the moment that happens, he helped me set a new goal for myself: to be able to pursue being better,” Kurka said. “‘Hey, I want to do that, but on my own.’ You know?”

Two years later, he tried a different elevation of the outdoors — down the slopes on a mono-ski for the first time through a program called Challenge Alaska, thanks to the encouragement of his physical therapist. Kurka crashed at the bottom, going straight down.

Those who helped Kurka suggested he try turning on his next go-around. Instead, Kurka again went straight down.

“The moment that I slid down that mountain, the moment I felt that speed, I felt so alive,” Kurka said. “I remembered, ‘Hey, I can live. This is life. I can do things.’”

On a chairlift ride back up, his instructor predicted his future, telling him, “You’d be a pretty good racer. You don’t seem to be afraid.” Kurka learned about the Paralympics. For a lifelong athlete who wanted to go to the Olympics as a wrestler, the conversation renewed Kurka’s desire for “being the best.”

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Kurka first qualified for the U.S. Paralympic team in 2014. But he didn’t compete after crashing in training. He made his Team USA debut in 2018, winning two medals (a gold in downhill and silver in super-G). He became the first-ever Alaskan Paralympic medalist. He is scheduled to compete this week in the super-G (Monday), combined (Tuesday) and giant slalom (Thursday).

Andrew Kurka celebrates with his silver medal from the super-G at the 2018 Paralympics. He also won gold in the downhill that year. (Lintao Zhang / Getty Images)

But with Kurka, there’s always something else brewing. And he knew his athletic career could set up his future. Not long after Kurka won his gold medal, Kurka started chatting to his now wife, Verónica, after the two met online. Kurka couldn’t stop talking about the property he had just found, telling her it was perfect.

“I was like, ‘OK, what’s your favorite color or something?’” Verónica Kurka says now with a laugh. “But he really, really wanted to talk about this project.”

Always a dream of his, he used his earnings to buy property and build cabins, looking to set up a retirement plan for himself. By the time Verónica visited Alaska some time later, Kurka was already living in one of the cabins. But in the process, after the 2018 Games, he realized he wanted it to be something more than just a build-and-sell investment.

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Soon after, some of his friends came up to visit. So did someone whom Kurka barely knew, but he invited him up to Alaska on a challenge anyway.

When Derek Demun posted a photo of a personal-best-sized halibut he caught in his home area of Southern California, Kurka saw it on a mutually followed Instagram account connecting impaired outdoorsmen in the United States. Not long after, Demun received a direct message from Kurka that read along the lines of, “Oh, that’s your personal best. Why don’t you come up to Alaska and beat it?”

Kurka told him about his wheelchair-accessible bed and breakfast, the Golden Standard, and his backstory as a para athlete. The two chatted on the phone, and Demun checked him out to make sure he was a real person. A week later, Demun had tickets to Alaska for a trip that summer of 2020 with his dad and friend. Kurka picked them up in Anchorage, and the adventure was on as they drove to the property near Palmer, about 45 miles from Anchorage.

They spent the days exploring the scenery and taking in the moose that would frequently appear as roadblocks. Evenings were spent around a firepit. And there were two fishing excursions on Kurka’s boat, when they headed out to open water, a nearly 2 1/2-hour trek.

“I have no idea where we’re at,” Demun said. “It’s raining, it’s cloudy. We’re rocking with the waves. I’m like, ‘Dude, we’re in Alaska. I’m fishing for halibut. I’m going to die out here. No one is going to know. I feel like I’m on a TV show.’

“But he held by his word. I was able to go and catch the biggest halibut I’ve ever caught in my life.”

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Since that trip, Demun has gone back to Alaska nearly every summer. The adventures have continued with airplane tours — Kurka has a sport pilot license and a plane is next on his to-do list — Jet Ski rides up to glaciers and plenty more fishing.

“When people think of Alaska, they think of igloos and polar bears and lots and lots of snow and just unaccessible terrain,” Demun said. “And me and Andrew, we have a little saying, like, complacency kills and comfort kills.”

Derek Demun

Derek Demun (pictured) took Andrew Kurka up on his offer to visit Alaska. “He held by his word,” Demun said. “I was able to go and catch the biggest halibut I’ve ever caught in my life.” (Courtesy of Derek Demun)

As the years have passed between visits, the number of cabins on the property has grown, and Kurka has found his purpose.

“There was that sense of peace, that sense of freedom and that sense of fun that they got on the ocean has stayed with them forever,” Kurka said. “Nature was what helped me to recover from my injury. You know that peacefulness that helped me to recover from my injury, and I want other people to experience that also to help them recover from their injury. And it’s really easy for me to provide that.”

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It’s the time with family and building out his next plans for the Golden Standard that has Kurka looking forward to stepping back from ski racing. But Kurka won’t be slowing down. He’ll just be spending more time in Alaska compared with the extensive travel that comes with being on the circuit. There’s a bike-trail trip in Japan with Verónica in the works, and he wants to spend time forging knives. He’s working with a nonprofit mentoring young athletes. For the Golden Standard, he plans on getting his commercial pilot license to become a flight instructor for others with impairments, along with providing fly-in fishing and hunting trips.

But beyond the occasional trips out, he doesn’t want to turn fishing into an extended job, as the water remains a sacred place for him.

“From my childhood, there’s been that outdoor sense of nature that has grabbed ahold of me,” Kurka said. “For me, nature and adventure is true freedom, because you stop worrying about everything else in life that doesn’t really matter. And that’s the piece of me that finds peace, and that’s what I search for. And I find bits and pieces of that inner peace while I’m competing. Because when I’m on the course and when I’m pushing out of the start gate, nothing else matters but that next one minute and 30 seconds worth of life-changing moments and dangerous speeds.

“But nothing about it compares to when I’m on the ocean in Alaska. … That’s the piece of me that I love and the piece of me that will always be in Alaska.”





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Elim resident dies, child injured in snowmachine collision

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Elim resident dies, child injured in snowmachine collision


A 55-year-old Elim resident died in a snowmachine collision Friday night, Alaska State Troopers said.

The accident, which occurred in the Norton Sound village of fewer than 400 residents, was reported to the agency just before 11 p.m. Friday, troopers said in an online statement. The report indicated that Anna Aukon “was riding in a sled down a road when she was struck by a snowmachine also traveling on the road,” troopers said. Life-saving measures were administered but were unsuccessful, according to troopers.

A young child also sustained injuries in the collision and was medevaced from Elim, troopers said.

Aukon’s next of kin was at the scene, according to troopers, and her body was being taken to the State Medical Examiner Office.

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Nome troopers responded to Elim on Saturday to investigate the collision, the agency said.





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Opinion: Alaska must speak with one voice about the future of a natural gas pipeline

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Opinion: Alaska must speak with one voice about the future of a natural gas pipeline


The setting sun casts a warm glow on the Chugach Mountains beyond the Anchorage skyline and Cook Inlet. (Bill Roth / ADN)

“North to the Future” wasn’t just a motto in my family. It was a lived experience.

My grandfather came to Alaska in 1948 as a Local 302 heavy equipment operator. He helped build roads and airports across this state and ultimately worked on the trans-Alaska pipeline. He came north because Alaska was rising.

Back then, the spirit of this state was dynamic and confident. When opportunity appeared, we seized it. We were growing. Our infrastructure expanded and our young people stayed. Alaska believed in its future.

Today, Washington, D.C., and Wall Street are watching us again. They’re not just studying engineering plans for the Alaska LNG project. They’re listening for something deeper: Does Alaska still believe in itself? Does Alaska truly want this project?

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If our message is confused, if we hedge, undercut or politicize this moment, the answer they will hear is “no.” And once that perception hardens, capital and federal focus will move elsewhere.

Energy security is not optional. Southcentral utilities have made it clear that we lack sufficient long-term, firm gas commitments beyond the near horizon. Without a durable solution, Alaska, sitting atop one of the largest untapped gas resources in North America, could soon be importing natural gas to heat homes and power businesses.

Importing energy in a resource-rich state is not resilience. It is vulnerability. Renewables absolutely have a role in Alaska’s future. So does hydro. So does coal. Alaska should be all-in on energy. We are one of the most resource-endowed places on Earth. There is no reason to think small.

Exporting North Slope gas does not displace our need to develop in-state hydro, responsible coal, wind, solar and emerging technologies. It complements them.

Let’s export the gas the world needs and reserve the gas Alaskans require for reliability.

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And let’s continue diversifying our in-state portfolio to power industry and strengthen resilience. Energy abundance is not a contradiction. It is a strategy.

AKLNG is not simply an export project. It is an energy security project for Alaska and a strategic energy project for America. The economic upside is significant. The Alaska Gasline Development Corp. projects that AKLNG could generate roughly $600 million per year in total state revenues once operational — royalties, production taxes and related activity. That is a baseline estimate. If Alaska participates as a co-investor, long-term revenue potential increases substantially.

Talk about a revenue generator. At a time when policymakers debate new taxes on industry and even on individual Alaskans just to balance the books, we are staring at a project capable of producing hundreds of millions annually while strengthening energy security. That should be a no-brainer.

Meanwhile, our oil and gas industry is doing extraordinary work revitalizing North Slope production. Projects like Willow and Pikka are restoring throughput and revenue. The private sector is demonstrating confidence in Alaska’s future. The question is whether we will match that confidence.

For too long, we have allowed doubt and policy paralysis to define the conversation. We debate. We delay. We send mixed signals. Investors can model engineering risk and regulatory timelines. What they cannot model is political incoherence.

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From the perspective of Washington and Wall Street, confusing or contradictory signals from Alaska’s elected leadership are more destabilizing than permitting hurdles. No financier commits billions into a jurisdiction that sounds ambivalent. No federal partner prioritizes a state that publicly undercuts itself.

We built the trans-Alaska pipeline because we believed in Alaska’s future more than we feared obstacles. That generation understood something simple: When opportunity arrives, you seize it. AKLNG is such a moment. The gas is here. The markets are real. Federal alignment is strong. Our broader energy portfolio is vast. Our workforce is capable.

Alaska has always been a powerhouse of people and resources. If we want energy security, we must say so clearly. If we want diversified energy, we must pursue it boldly. If we want growth, we must demonstrate confidence. Washington is listening. Wall Street is listening. The next generation is listening.

Let’s show them that Alaska still knows how to seize the moment — and rise.

Rep. Chuck Kopp currently serves as the Majority Leader in the Alaska House of Representatives and represents District 10.

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• • •

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