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Us & Them: Our Foster Care Crisis – West Virginia Public Broadcasting

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Us & Them: Our Foster Care Crisis – West Virginia Public Broadcasting


There’s a foster care crisis in America. Nationally, more than 390,000 children are in foster care. In West Virginia, that’s just over 6,000 children who need a safe place to call home. Last year, more than half of all states saw their number of licensed homes drop, some as high as 60 percent. That challenge comes because new foster parents don’t stay in the system for long.

On this episode of Us & Them, host Trey Kay hears about the shortage of licensed foster homes. Foster care is most often needed because of parental substance use, mental health challenges, poverty and neglect.

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While official foster care cases are tracked and overseen by state agencies and nonprofit organizations, there are many informal kinds of so-called kinship care that are not official or included in state data. Some experts say the number of those kinship cases drives the stakes of the challenge much higher.

This episode of Us & Them is presented with support from the West Virginia Humanities Council, CRC Foundation and Daywood Foundation. Subscribe to Us & Them on Apple Podcasts, NPR One, RadioPublic, Spotify, Stitcher and beyond.


Dominic Snuffer was 5 when he and his four younger siblings went into the first of their foster care homes.

“I was in several foster care situations… I think three or four. It always seemed short and seemed as if we were getting bounced around. The hard part was probably just the beginning, how much I just always try to keep my siblings in check. I felt as if, if they behaved in a way, just like the other situations we might get taken away. It feels like yesterday that I got adopted. It went by fast. The things that make me smile was definitely adoption day. ‘Cause I knew, I finally found a family and I could try and live out the rest of my childhood.”

— Dominic Snuffer

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Photo Credit: Trey Kay/West Virginia Public Broadcasting

An adult, middle age man with salt and pepper hair smiles for the camera. He wears glasses and a blue polo shirt.
Larry Cooper is executive vice president of Innovation at The Children’s Home Network (CHN) of Tampa Bay, Florida. The agency works with kids in the foster care system and also provides services to prevent and support families from ever entering into the foster care system. Cooper has worked at CHN for more than 20 years, and he’s spent 8 years licensing foster homes while recruiting and training new foster parents. Cooper says some of the challenges bringing in new foster parents comes from an approval process that’s strict for a reason – but can take more than 12 months. A lot of people drop out along the way.

“You might fall off because of just life experiences that you may be going through. You might have a change in jobs. You might have an illness in your family. You might have a death in the family. And so I used to see for every 100 parents that I recruited, I might get only four to six families actually get a kid into their home for every hundred that would call me and be interested in becoming a foster parent.”

— Larry Cooper

Photo Credit: The Children’s Home Network

An adult couple stand side by side. A man and a woman. The woman scratches a dog's ear who is looking up at her. Both are wearing black shirts. The man has a ball cap on.
Marc and Brandi Wilson live in St. Clairsville, Ohio — just across the river from Wheeling, West Virginia. Brandi was a Child Protective Services worker in West Virginia for 20 years. One day back in 2014, her work at the Department of Health and Human Resources and her personal life collided when they became foster parents to a baby related to Marc.

“They both took the stand and said that they give up the rights to their child, I just started breaking down. [Brandi] was sitting beside me like this and she looked over at me. She said, ‘What’s wrong?’ I said, ‘I can never imagine saying that about my own child.’ She was kind of numb to it because she’s worked in the field. It was hard to hear somebody say that.” — Marc Wilson

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“It wasn’t until he was sitting next to me in the courtroom that I realized not everybody hears relinquishment. Not everybody hears abuse, neglect. Not everybody hears that – as CPS workers [this is] just everyday language. So once I was with him and realized, OK, this isn’t everybody’s life. They may have drug issues, domestic violence, gangs coming in and out of their home, but these words are not everyday life for a lot of people.” — Brandi Wilson

Photo Credit: Trey Kay/West Virginia Public Broadcasting

A woman with red hair smiles for the camera. She wears dangling earrings and a matching necklace. She wears a blue blazer over top a black shirt.
Rachel Kinder supervises The Kinship Navigator Program with Mission West Virginia, a nonprofit that’s been around since 1997. Kinder has been working with the foster care system for more than two decades, and has seen lots of trends. In 2019, there was a record high of 7,200 children in West Virginia’s foster care system. She says, while it’s one thing to count the legal cases overseen by the Department of Human Services, there are many informal kinds of kinship care that are not official or included in state data.

“I can tell you the number of kids in formal care, so if there are 6,078 kids in foster care in West Virginia, right now 58 percent of those are in kinship relative placements. For kids in informal care, where grandma or an aunt or some type of relative or even what we call fictive* kin has stepped in, it’s almost impossible to get numbers on that.”

— Rachel Kinder

*Fictive care refers to placements where a foster parent knows the child but is not related to them. This could be a teacher, family friend or a neighbor.

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Photo Credit: Mission West Virginia

Two women stand on a porch. One woman has her arm around the other. One woman wears glasses, a gray shirt and red shorts. The other woman wears a gray shirt and jeans. Both women have dark brown hair and smile for the camera.
There’s a clear need for foster families across the nation and in West Virginia. Nikki and Louisa Snuffer knew they would consider becoming foster parents when it came time for them to start a family. There’s a lot going on at their Sissonville home. The couple currently has 12 children, ranging from ages 10 months to 20 years old. Plus, they breed French Bulldogs.

“It actually was a pretty easy decision, because we were both on the same page almost always with helping people. I’ve known since probably my early high school years that I did want to do foster care. However, we really wanted no more than maybe three. And the way life and things happen, we got five at one time. I have two brothers who were put in foster care that I never knew and I still don’t know. So we made a commitment that when we got into it, that we would never split up families.” — Louisa Snuffer

“If they call us for a sibling group, we’re not going to say no to them because that was our number one belief. Like, ‘We need to do whatever we can to keep siblings together.’ When we were initially approved, we were approved for four children. So, DHHR told us we could have four children in the house, given the space. And that was kind of our cap. I said, ‘Maybe we’ll do three tops,’ you know, that seems like a manageable number. And the very first call we got for placement was a sibling group of five. Of course we said yes. We had to do a few things to get approved for a fifth child. They moved in with us. Things went great.” — Nikki Snuffer

Photo Credit: Trey Kay/West Virginia Public Broadcasting

A middle age woman smiles for the camera while holding a baby in one arm. The baby looks up at the camera. The woman wears a gray t-shirt, and there's a patch on the sleeve that reads
Nikki Snuffer is holding her granddaughter. Many of the children the Snuffers have cared for, they know through Nikki’s job at Winfield High School. She’s an instructor for the Future Leaders Program, which is the National Guard’s high school curriculum that’s taught by veterans. In the program, students learn leadership and life skills, science, career prep and other subjects.

“[For] my kids that have gone to Winfield, I make them go through the [Future Leaders] program. Not because I’m teaching it, but because even if it wasn’t me, I’d want them to get these skills. It’s the kind of things that are forgotten these days.”

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— Nikki Snuffer

Photo Credit: Trey Kay/West Virginia Public Broadcasting



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West Virginia again bans religious reasons for school vaccine exemptions

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West Virginia again bans religious reasons for school vaccine exemptions





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Winter weather conditions affecting counties throughout West Virginia

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Winter weather conditions affecting counties throughout West Virginia


HUNTINGTON, W.Va. (WSAZ) – Due to the weather conditions, many counties throughout West Virginia have been experiencing vehicle crashes and traffic alerts.

Dispatchers have reported the following traffic alerts to watch out for this morning.

In Mason County, U.S. Route 35 is currently shut down due to an accident involving a tractor trailer.

On I-64 Westbound between Teays Valley and Hurricane, traffic is at a standstill due to an accident. The accident occurred in a parking lot right before Culloden.

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There is also a vehicle crash reported on U.S. 50 near Volcano Road. One lane is closed.

In Charleston, a two-vehicle accident near Lee Street West and Pennsylvania Avenue North has caused the lane to be blocked. No injuries were reported.

An accident at 4019 Paint Creek Rd. in Logan also occurred due to slick road conditions. No injuries were reported and the lane is currently blocked.

On Corridor G South and Kesari Drive in Alum Creek at the Lincoln County line, an accident with injuries has been reported. The lane is currently closed.

A tractor trailer rollover also occurred on 22 Mine Rd. near Woodstock Road in Logan County, dispatchers said. Dispatchers are working to get more information on the accident.

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A crash involving a school bus in St. Albans has also caused a roadway near Walnut Street and Washington Avenue to close.

The right lane on I-81 Northbound near mile marker 21 is also closed due to a crash in Berkley County.

In Eleanor, a traffic advisory is in place near Charleston Road and Camelot Drive due to a two-vehicle accident with reported injuries. Route 62 is currently closed as of 6 a.m., dispatchers said.

WSAZ will continue to provide updates as we get more information from dispatchers.

Keep checking WSAZ for the latest.

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Due to the weather conditions, many counties throughout West Virginia have been experiencing vehicle crashes and traffic alerts.



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National Guard member Andrew Wolfe, shot in DC, has shown positive signs, West Virginia governor says

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National Guard member Andrew Wolfe, shot in DC, has shown positive signs, West Virginia governor says


The surviving West Virginia National Guardsman who was shot by a terror suspect near the White House is showing positive signs of recovery – but remains in critical condition, his home state’s governor said Monday. 

Sgt. Andrew Wolfe, 24, has begun flashing a thumbs up and moving his toes when asked by nurses if he can hear their questions.

West Virginia Gov. Patrick Morrisey (right) asked the public to pray for Sgt. Andrew Wolfe. AP
“Andrew is still fighting for his life,” Morrisey said. “Andrew needs prayers.” U S Army National Guard/UPI/Shutterstock

“Andrew is still fighting for his life,” West Virginia Gov. Patrick Morrisey said Monday. “Andrew needs prayers.”

Wolfe was rushed to a hospital in critical condition after being shot alongside 20-year-old Spc. Sarah Beckstrom while on patrol Wednesday afternoon in Washington, DC. 

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Beckstrom was shot in the head and chest, and later died of her wounds.

The alleged gunman, 29-year-old Afghan immigrant Rahmanullah Lakanwal, was also shot and stabbed in the altercation and remains hospitalized.

A motive for Lakanwal’s alleged attack remains unknown. 

But Homeland Security Sec. Kristi Noem announced Sunday that the alleged killer is believed to have been radicalized after coming to the US in 2021.

Lakanwal was part of a CIA-trained outfit of Afghanistan locals who battled the Taliban during the US’ involvement in the country.

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Rahmanullah Lakanwal is charged with one count of first-degree murder and two counts of assault in the shooting. US Attorney’s Office/AFP via Getty Images

He reportedly suffered a mental breakdown over the violence he saw with the unit, but was allowed to move to the Seattle area after the US’ chaotic pullout from the Middle Eastern country in 2021.

The shooting has been deemed a terror attack, and Lakanwal has been charged with first-degree murder.

Lakanwal was subdued by two National Guardsmen who heard the gunfire and sprang into action. One was armed with nothing but a pocket knife and managed to take the alleged terrorist down, while the other shot him.

Wolfe and Beckstrom were among about 2,200 National Guard troops stationed in DC as part of the president’s crime-fighting deployment to the capital.

About 170 of them were from the West Virginia Guard, and had volunteered to stay on in November after the deployment was reduced.

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Beckstrom had even volunteered for duty the day she was shot so that others could go home to be with their families for Thanksgiving.

“Our sole focus right now is looking after the well-being of the 170 service members who are on the ground, focusing on the family, assuring that prayers are going out,” Morrisey said of the remaining West Virginia troops.



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