Connect with us

Virginia

Archaeologists in Virginia unearth colonial-era garden with clues about its enslaved gardeners

Published

on

Archaeologists in Virginia unearth colonial-era garden with clues about its enslaved gardeners


WILLIAMSBURG, Va. (AP) — Archaeologists in Virginia are uncovering one of colonial America’s most lavish displays of opulence: An ornamental garden where a wealthy politician and enslaved gardeners grew exotic plants from around the world.

Such plots of land dotted Britain’s colonies and served as status symbols for the elite. They were the 18th-century equivalent of buying a Lamborghini.

The garden in Williamsburg belonged to John Custis IV, a tobacco plantation owner who served in Virginia’s colonial legislature. He is perhaps best known as the first father-in-law of Martha Washington. She married future U.S. President George Washington after Custis’ son Daniel died.

Historians also have been intrigued by the elder Custis’ botanical adventures, which were well-documented in letters and later in books. And yet this excavation is as much about the people who cultivated the land as it is about Custis.

Advertisement

“The garden may have been Custis’ vision, but he wasn’t the one doing the work,” said Jack Gary, executive director of archaeology at Colonial Williamsburg, a living history museum that now owns the property. “Everything we see in the ground that’s related to the garden is the work of enslaved gardeners, many of whom must have been very skilled.”

Archaeologists have pulled up fence posts that were 3 feet (1 meter) thick and carved from red cedar. Gravel paths were uncovered, including a large central walkway. Stains in the soil show where plants grew in rows.

The dig also has unearthed a pierced coin that was typically worn as a good-luck charm by young African Americans. Another find is the shards of an earthenware chamber pot, which was a portable toilet, that likely was used by people who were enslaved.

Animals appear to have been intentionally buried under some fence posts. They included two chickens with their heads removed, as well as a single cow’s foot. A snake without a skull was found in a shallow hole that had likely contained a plant.

“We have to wonder if we’re seeing traditions that are non-European,” Gary said. “Are they West African traditions? We need to do more research. But it’s features like those that make us continue to try and understand the enslaved people who were in this space.”

Advertisement

The museum tells the story of Virginia’s colonial capital through interpreters and restored buildings on 300 acres (120 hectares), which include parts of the original city. Founded in 1926, the museum did not start telling stories about Black Americans until 1979, even though more than half of the 2,000 people who lived there were Black, the majority enslaved.

In recent years, the museum has boosted efforts to tell a more complete story, while trying to attract more Black visitors. It plans to reconstruct one of the nation’s oldest Black churches and is restoring what is believed to be the country’s oldest surviving schoolhouse for Black children.

There also are plans to recreate Custis’ Williamsburg home and garden, known then as Custis Square. Unlike some historic gardens, the restoration will be done without the benefit of surviving maps or diagrams, relying instead on what Gary described as the most detailed landscape archaeology effort in the museum’s history.

The garden disappeared after Custis’ death in 1749. But the dig has determined it was about two-thirds the size of a football field, while descriptions from the time reference lead statues of Greek gods and topiaries trimmed into balls and pyramids.

The garden’s legacy has lived on through Custis’ correspondence with British botanist Peter Collinson, who traded plants with other horticulturalists around the globe. From 1734 to 1746, Custis and Collinson exchanged seeds and letters on merchant ships crossing the Atlantic.

Advertisement

The men possibly introduced new plants to their respective communities, said Eve Otmar, Colonial Williamsburg’s master of historic gardening. For instance, Custis is believed to have made one of Williamsburg’s earliest written mentions of growing tomatoes, known then as “apples of love” and native to Mexico and Central and South America.

Custis’s gardeners also planted strawberries, pistachios and almonds, among 100 other imported plants. It’s not always clear from his letters which were successful in the Virginia climate. A recent pollen analysis of the soil indicates the past presence of stone fruits, such as peaches and cherries, which weren’t a big surprise.

The garden existed at a time when European empires and slavery were still expanding. Botanical gardens often were used for discovering new cash crops that could enrich colonial powers.

But Custis’ garden was primarily about showing off his own wealth. A study of the area’s topography placed his garden in direct view of Williamsburg’s only church house at the time. Everyone would have seen the garden’s fence, but few were invited inside.

Custis delighted his guests with the likes of the crown imperial lily, which was native to the Middle East and parts of Asia, and boasted clusters of drooping, bell-shaped flowers.

Advertisement

“In the 18th century, those were unusual things,” Otmar said. “Only certain classes of people got to experience that. A wealthy person today — they buy a Lamborghini.”

The museum is still trying to learn more about the people who worked in the garden.

Crystal Castleberry, Colonial Williamsburg’s public archaeologist, has met with descendants of the more than 200 people who were enslaved by the Custis family on his various plantations. But there is too little information in surviving documents to determine if an ancestor lived and worked at Custis Square.

Two people, named Cornelia and Beck, were listed as property with the Williamsburg estate after Daniel Custis died in 1757. But their names prompt only more questions about who they were and what happened to them.

“Are they related to one another?” Castleberry asked. “Do they fear being split up or sold? Or are they going to be reunited with loved ones on other properties?”

Advertisement



Source link

Virginia

Virginia bill targets vape shops that sell to underage buyers – WTOP News

Published

on

Virginia bill targets vape shops that sell to underage buyers – WTOP News


Vape shops in Virginia that sell tobacco products to underage buyers could soon face real consequences after years in a legal gray area.

March 27, 2026 | Del. Patrick Hope speaks to WTOP’s Nick Ianelli on new legislation that would shut down vape shops that repeatedly sell products to underage buyers.

Advertisement

Vape shops in Virginia that sell tobacco products to underage buyers could soon face real consequences after years in a legal gray area.

Del. Patrick Hope of Northern Virginia told WTOP he hears from parents often that their children know which vape shops will sell to them — even though the law prohibits the sale of tobacco or vape products to anyone under 21.

“I’ve heard from parents and I know we’ve seen the proliferation of these vape shops. These liquid nicotine products have flooded our markets in recent years and there hasn’t been sufficient oversight or regulatory measures in place. And oftentimes these products are making their way in the hands of underage buyers,” Hope said.

A new bill passed by the General Assembly would set up an enforcement system targeting vape shops that repeatedly sell to people under 21. Hope said that if those shops continue to break the law, the state will shut them down.

Hope said a major problem has been a lack of information. “We just haven’t known who they are. Last year, we passed a law that required these vape shops to register with the Department of Tax, and only 52 actually sent in their registration.”

Advertisement

“We believe that there are close to 10,000 vape shops in the state and we want to make sure that we pull them under this regulatory scheme,” Hope added.

The bill directs the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority, which already enforces alcohol sales laws, to hire inspectors for vape and tobacco shops. Once the bill is signed, Hope said he expects a quick rollout.

“Typically, bills in the General Assembly go into effect July of the year that they’re passed. We’ll have an educational program for a few months, but I would think that we would be operational probably by October. … I think they’ll be doing underage programs probably within the end of this year,” Hope said.

Hope said the legislation earned broad support in the Virginia General Assembly.

The bill now heads to Spanberger for her signature.

Advertisement

Thursday, Fairfax County police said a major drug investigation targeted multiple vape shops, including a dozen Tobacco King vape shops, that are accused of selling illegal items, ranging from drugs to synthetic urine, and laundering money.

Get breaking news and daily headlines delivered to your email inbox by signing up here.

© 2026 WTOP. All Rights Reserved. This website is not intended for users located within the European Economic Area.



Source link

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Virginia

State of Virginia takes new focus on clean energy

Published

on

State of Virginia takes new focus on clean energy


In light of Virginia Gov. Abigail Spanberger’s new cabinet nomination of Chief Energy Officer Josephus Allmond, 7News sits down with Senior Fellow of Thomas Jefferson Institute for Public Policy, Steve Haner, to explain how new energy policies will be impacting Virginians.

Haner spoke on the new direction Spanberger is taking by appointing Allmond and what it will mean for the Virginia Clean Economy Act, signed in 2020. Haner also expounds on how the administration is opposed to the use of natural gas and coal, and will be pushing for more wind and solar energy.



Source link

Continue Reading

Virginia

How much to become Cinderella? Virginia’s March Madness run fueled in part by Reddit co-founder gift

Published

on

How much to become Cinderella? Virginia’s March Madness run fueled in part by Reddit co-founder gift


Fairy tales aren’t real. But if they were, then No. 10 seed Virginia might be the closest thing the women’s NCAA Tournament has to a Cinderella. Playing the role of fairy godmother in this story would be Reddit co-founder, multimillionaire and 2005 Virginia alum Alexis Ohanian.

The Hoos have been the biggest surprise of the postseason — the first team to advance from the play-in round to the Sweet 16, and the only team left standing that was truly a bubble team on Selection Sunday. And yet, here they are, still dancing — with a matchup against No. 3 seed TCU on Saturday — and the prime example of what it looks like to build a program, and build quickly no less, during the NIL era.

Last season, Virginia was on the outside looking in during March Madness, its seventh year in a row without an NCAA Tournament bid. Coach Amaka Agugua-Hamilton was in her third year and slowly rebuilding the program after taking over a five-win program. The Hoos finished 2024-25 with a winning record for the first time in seven years, so there were signs of life, and athletic director Carla Williams was confident in the program’s direction. But in a college sports landscape where college football rules all — and with a Cavaliers football program in the middle of a rebuild as well (the Hoos won their first bowl game since 2018 this past season) — there’s only so much money to go around. Outside investment is key.

In today’s age, programs need catalysts — preferably one with many zeroes at the end. For Virginia women’s basketball, that was Ohanian, who poured lighter fluid all over this program in late 2024 with a “transformational” multiyear gift — per Sportico, it was more than three-quarters of a million dollars every year over the next four years — to the women’s basketball program intended to help “boost recruiting and retention.”

Advertisement

“It’s time to bring the nation’s best hoops talent to Charlottesville and win some championships in the next four years,” Ohanian said in a statement released by the university after his donation.

Money plays a bigger part than ever in the equation of winning in college sports. Either through revenue sharing or name, image and likeness deals, top talent gets top dollar. With a transfer portal that allows for immediate movement, there’s always another program that might offer more, and that’s not always the driver for player movement, but money is now a necessary factor in college sports.

Last season, in one of the most active transfer portal seasons yet, Virginia retained two of its top three players, Kymora Johnson and Paris Clark, while bringing in four players from the transfer portal who’ve become the top six players in the Hoos’ rotation this season.

“With Alexis, we were just so thankful for him coming in last year and helping us with some of our resources,” Agugua-Hamilton said. “It allowed us to recruit — allowed us to retain and attain. You need that, in this day and age, with the way collegiate athletics is moving. You have to have donors, you have to have support, you have to have financial resources in order to compete.”

Through this season, even with the financial resources boosting the Cavaliers, the benefits weren’t immediately translating onto the floor, ping-ponging between highs and lows before ending the season with a three-game skid.

Advertisement

Agugua-Hamilton knew progress would be slow. She had taken the UVA job ahead of the 2022-23 season after leading Missouri State to consecutive NCAA Tournaments, including the 2021 Sweet 16.

Many in her circle advised against the job. But Agugua-Hamilton, a Virginia native who grew up during the program’s heyday of Debbie Ryan’s mid-1990s stretch of deep tournament runs — believed in the program’s foundation. Virginia’s athletic director’s background as a college player and coach, as well as its affiliation in the ACC, were other selling points.

But her memories of Dawn Staley carrying the Hoos to Final Fours? Those were ancient history.

“Obviously, I knew it was a rebuild, and I was up for that task,” Agugua-Hamilton said. “I had to rebuild the culture, the players. I had to rebuild the community. There was not a fan base at that point. … We had to rebuild the resources, which we’re still doing. All of that stuff. We were so behind.

“But I never regretted my decision.”

Advertisement

The uphill battle got steeper as collegiate athletics went from collectives dominating NIL to the NCAA attempting to legislate to Congress’ involvement. Money wasn’t exactly pouring into Virginia women’s basketball’s slow rebuild.

Ryan, who now works in Virginia Athletics fundraising, knew money would be a part of the challenge.

“People aren’t used to giving money to women’s basketball, so a lot of them just don’t,” Ryan said.

Revenue sharing became the law of the land ahead of last season with donor money becoming a secondary source for roster building.

Ohanian had wanted to donate before, he has said, but the university wanted to wait for legislation to pass.

Advertisement

“As soon as that switch was flipped, and the judges ruled, I called up, I said, ‘Hey, I want to make UVA a contender, let me know what to do,’” he told Front Office Sports.

Virginia coach Amaka Agugua-Hamilton said Alexis Ohanian’s donation has been a game-changer for the program. (Courtesy of UVA Athletics)

After the Hoos’ home opener last season, Ohanian visited the locker room and told the team he planned to invest in them.

“I was just super grateful,” Agugua-Hamilton said. “He didn’t even know me before that. And he’s putting his belief in me to lead this program and also the players that we can recruit. He really believes in his school. He really believes in women’s basketball. So, I just felt honored that he felt that way.”

It wasn’t Ohanian’s first foray into women’s sports investment. He was the lead investor in Angel City FC and he’s a minority owner of Chelsea Women. He launched Athlos, an all-women pro track series and is bringing League One Volleyball to Los Angeles. He’s married to tennis legend Serena Williams, who, he said, actually tried to talk him out of investing in women’s sports because she had seen how broken the industry had been and didn’t think it could change.

Advertisement

“For decades, people have said to support women’s sports for society, for feminism,” Ohanian said in a recent Sports Illustrated Q&A. “But when you win with capitalism, you just drop the mic.”

Ohanian has been vocal about how these investments are smart financial moves, but his investment in Virginia women’s hoops signals a shift. There is no return on investment for a college basketball team that can be measured in a bottom line on a financial ledger. And Virginia women’s basketball isn’t going to appreciate in the same way professional women’s sports franchises have boomed in recent years.

So, Ohanian’s Virginia investment might not be a win for capitalism. But it’s a win for UVA women’s hoops. It’s not unlike how billionaire Mark Cuban helped transform Indiana football from Big Ten mediocrity into national champs. The Hoosiers committed to the right coach and put up the foundation first, but Cuban’s money helped secure and retain a roster that made Indiana elite. And then, the national title came.

Could that be the next step for Virginia? The Hoos are still dancing, and if they get past TCU on Saturday, they’ll have a date in the Elite Eight, most likely against South Carolina. Staley, who is one of four players who has her jersey retired at Virginia, built South Carolina into a national power during the pre-NIL era but has continued the program’s dominance, and as Agugua-Hamilton and Virginia chase those top-tier programs, they know they have all the pieces in place to do so, including crucially, the financial part.

“There are a lot of factors — having great coaching, coaches that care about the student-athletes and that the student-athletes want to play hard for, along with the resources to build the roster, those things are really important,” Carla Williams said. “Knowing that coach (Tony) Bennett and our men’s program won a national championship in 2019 pre-NIL, knowing that you can do that here at UVA, and understanding that committing to the rev share, committing to NIL, gives our basketball program a chance to compete at the highest level.”

Advertisement

The Hoos have been given the chance to compete at the highest level. Now, they must prove they can turn that into their own ROI.



Source link

Continue Reading

Trending