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Protecting the Bay means supporting farmers as they explore new solutions – Maryland Matters

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Protecting the Bay means supporting farmers as they explore new solutions – Maryland Matters


A drive over the Chesapeake Bay Bridge will have anyone wanting to protect its beauty. No one feels this more deeply than the farmers and communities up and down the Bay.

For decades, these farmers have been stuck between responding to economic forces to increase production while trying to ensure farm sustainability and prioritize water quality. Despite significant progress, it’s estimated that nearly half of the nitrogen reaching the Bay today comes from farms in the Chesapeake watershed – the largest estuary in the United States, with shared responsibility for nutrient management across several states.

Farmers have long relied on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, which provide a major source of nutrients to grow their crops, but at a cost to the environment. Given the complexity of managing nutrients to protect the Bay, it is time for farmers to have all available tools at their disposal and new crop nutrition technologies are gaining their attention.

Biostimulants are made up of natural materials that enhance the uptake of nutrients in the plant. Geomaterials are naturally occurring minerals that have been shown to improve nutrient use. Biologicals like microbial nitrogen help plants create their own nitrogen and replace a portion of synthetic fertilizers. New crop nutrition options have the potential to stem the tide of nitrate pollution and achieve our nutrient goals for the Bay.

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Researchers estimate that meeting nutrient targets would require taking almost half of the region’s roughly 8.2 million acres of farmland out of production or instituting other, similarly dramatic actions. These radical ideas would almost certainly hurt local farm income and negatively impact our region’s ability to contribute to the wider food supply. They are neither practical nor realistic.

More on-farm research is needed, but microbial nitrogen is one promising tool that can offer an effective solution for farmers. This crop nutrition tool may enable farmers to replace about a quarter of synthetic nitrogen needs per acre, without sacrificing yield, and may improve water quality over time.

Microbials can build soil health and improve plant uptake of nutrients, they are safer to transport and remain cost competitive despite volatility across global markets. As a result, farmers can build their on-farm sustainability, increase the watershed’s biodiversity and reduce nitrate runoff, directly addressing many of the environmental issues threatening the Bay.

Farmers are dedicated to the land. They do all they can to improve efficiency of on-farm nutrient use to improve their crops. As a Maryland small farmer, I have seen firsthand the progress our agricultural community has made in lessening our environmental impact. But these changes cannot be left to our farmers alone. They need local, state and federal support to increase adoption.

Cost-share incentives must be provided that give farmers the opportunity to make the transition to microbial nitrogen or other new crop nutrition products. State nutrient management plans and other sustainability programs are a good start, but we need to study and create more pathways for long-lasting changes that reduce risk and make sense for farm businesses and the environment.

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The Chesapeake Bay Watershed has been home to generations of farmers, thanks to its rich supply of natural resources and centralized location on the East Coast. Today, one-third of the watershed is dedicated to farming. Even those who fiercely advocate for water improvements recognize that retaining this farmland is a critical component for the future of the Bay region.

To protect our state’s rich agricultural history and the shining beacon that is the Bay, it’s time we embrace new agriculture technologies such as microbial fertilizer to ensure the natural resources and beauty of our region are enjoyed by generations to come.



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Norfolk State coach demands more respect for Spartans after competitive loss to heavily favored Maryland

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Norfolk State coach demands more respect for Spartans after competitive loss to heavily favored Maryland


Norfolk State entered Saturday’s matchup against Maryland in the women’s NCAA Tournament as considerable underdogs. But the Spartans pushed the Terrapins well into the fourth quarter before losing 82-69.

The first-round game got off to a surprising start with Norfolk State scoring the game’s first seven points. The historically black university located in Virginia also entered the locker room with a 32-30 lead at halftime. 

The underdog Spartans trailed by just four points early in the fourth quarter.

Despite losing to Maryland, longtime Norfolk State head coach Larry Vickers said his team showed it deserved better.

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Norfolk State head coach Larry Vickers during the second half against Maryland in the first round of the NCAA Tournament Saturday, March 22, 2025, in College Park, Md.  (AP Photo/Terrance Williams)

“This group won 30 games this year, 27 games last year, 26 games the year before, and we still walk into these things having to get respect from the three people on the floor,” the Norfolk State coach said. “I’m not going to complain about officiating. That’s not what I’m going to do. But when you all see these Spartan heads in your gym, I think we should get a little bit more respect than we get.”

NCAA WOMEN’S TOURNAMENT 2025: TOP MOMENTS FROM DAY 2

Maryland did have a strong third quarter, making all 12 of its free throws.

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“I’m not saying we didn’t foul because it was a large moment. We were probably fouling. I’ve got to watch the film,” he said. “But you can’t send teams to the free throw line — especially as good shooters as they were.”

Norfolk State basketball player

Norfolk State guard Diamond Johnson (3) shoots over Maryland guard Sarah Te-Biasu (1) during the first half of the first round of the NCAA Tournament in College Park, Md. Saturday, March 22, 2025.  (AP Photo/Terrance Williams)

For the game, Norfolk State was whistled for 21 fouls to Maryland’s 12, and the Terps went 23 of 25 from the line. That was a significant factor, although Vickers did suggest his team deserved some of the blame.

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A game ball with the March Madness logo during the first round of the 2025 NCAA Women’s Basketball Tournament at Pete Maravich Assembly Center March 22, 2025, in Baton Rouge. (Beau Brune/NCAA Photos via Getty Images)

“I’m not saying that the officiating lost us that game,” he said. “We fouled. And we fouled. And we fouled. And we fouled. And we fouled jump shooters, and we fouled jump shooters some more.”

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Vickers also praised guard Diamond Johnson, who scored 18 points Saturday, and pushed back against her perceived dropping WNBA Draft stock.

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“I’ve watched her go from seventh in the first round, when she got to me, and drop and drop and drop and drop, and I don’t know why,” Vickers said. “She needs to be on every mid-major finalist list, every Dawn Staley award winner finalist list, every Nancy Lieberman finalist list. She’s super special.”

Vickers, who has spent the past nine seasons at Norfolk State, was asked about his coaching future after all the success he’s achieved at the school. On that, he wasn’t offering much insight. 

“We all have visions and goals,” he said. “I don’t know. I don’t know. We’ll see.”

The Associated Press contributed to this report.

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Should Michigan State, Maryland fear second-round upsets? Here’s the case for underdogs.

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Should Michigan State, Maryland fear second-round upsets? Here’s the case for underdogs.


The Athletic has live coverage of 2025 Men’s March Madness

After one round of play, our brackets are coated in chalk. Only three teams seeded 11th or higher remain. No team seeded 13th or worse won a game.

Regardless, our upset-predicting model, Slingshot, still has a job to do. So it’s on to the second round, and the search for different kinds of upsets. Can a 9-seed take out a top-seed? What about a No. 2 vs. No. 7 contest? We’ve already examined Saturday’s matchups. Now it’s on to Sunday.

No. 2 Michigan State Spartans vs. No. 10 New Mexico Lobos

Upset Chance: 21.3 percent

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Our model sees Michigan State as roughly 11 points per 100 possessions better than New Mexico. The Lobos, then, need to find a way to generate more possessions to make up for that edge. So let’s talk about turnovers.

The Lobos force opponents to cough the ball up on 20.4 percent of possessions, 32nd in the country. That stands out as an even bigger edge because they also take great care of the ball on offense (15.7 percent). The Spartans, by contrast, give it up more often (16.6 percent) than they take it away (16.4 percent). If New Mexico can match what UCLA did in a two-point win over Sparty in February — the Bruins won the turnover battle 16-3 — then it can win.

But that’s a lot to ask, especially against the country’s No. 5 defense in adjusted efficiency. New Mexico doesn’t shoot particularly well, so its best chance to score will be in transition. Thankfully, the Lobos play at the country’s sixth-fastest tempo. Normally, that’s the wrong strategy for underdogs (fewer possessions are better if you’re less talented), but in this case, playing every possession against Michigan State’s half-court defense would be a death sentence.

No. 4 Maryland Terrapins vs. No. 12 Colorado State Rams

Upset Chance: 20.4 percent

The Terps authored one of the more impressive performances of the first round, dismantling Grand Canyon, 81-49. (That was also, quietly, one of Slingshot’s better calls. Grand Canyon’s moneyline odds of +360 implied a 21.7 percent chance of winning; we pegged it at just 12.4 percent.)

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The Rams should offer a greater challenge. Fresh off their “non-upset” win over fifth-seeded Memphis (Colorado State was actually favored), the Rams have a shooter’s chance to knock off the Terps. A 3-point shooter, that is. Since the Rams don’t employ most of the possession-building tactics preferred by successful killers of the past, they will have to rely on their one area of extreme variance: long-range shooting. For the season, they’ve taken 43 percent of their shots from downtown (making 36.6 percent). Against Memphis, they increased that focus, taking 30 of their 57 shots from 3-point range (and making 11).

Maryland excels in all sorts of analytic areas and is particularly adept at combating Colorado State’s greatest strength. The Terps limit both 3-point attempts (only 36 percent of opponents’ shots) and accuracy (30 percent). So when you tune in on Sunday, focus on the arc. That’s where the game will be decided.

No. 1 Duke Blue Devils vs. No. 9 Baylor Bears

Upset Chance: 17.2 percent

There aren’t a lot of weaknesses in the Blue Devils’ arsenal. They’ve lost one game since late November, won the ACC Tournament without Cooper Flagg in the final and boast the second-highest net rating in the history of KenPom. But our model gives Baylor a fighting chance.

Why? Well, the Bears’ strengths are the ones you want to see from an underdog: offensive rebounding (35.8 percent, 20th in the nation), forcing turnovers (19 percent, 81st) and playing slow (320th in tempo). Duke, meanwhile, has one potential issue that hasn’t manifested much this season but could be a problem in a one-and-done setting: They shoot more 3s than you’d like to see from a safe giant. They take more than 45 percent of their shots from deep, and while they shoot them at a sizzling 38 percent clip, that does introduce variance into their performance.

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There are also a couple of non-model factors to watch. First, you’ll hear plenty about Baylor’s Jeremy Roach, who played four years at Duke and certainly won’t be intimidated. Ditto for big man Norchad Omier, who faced Duke four times at Miami. Second, while Flagg’s injury garnered outsized attention, Duke lost Maliq Brown in that same game, and he remains out. The 6-foot-9 reserve is one of the country’s best defenders. He has an elite ability to switch onto guards, and his active hands cause countless deflections. He changed the game in Duke’s win at North Carolina and his absence makes Duke more vulnerable against the pick-and-roll.

While eight of the 10 most similar games in our model’s history were decisive wins for the favorite, two went to the underdog: Wisconsin over Villanova in 2017 and Wichita State over Gonzaga in 2013. Duke is still a significant favorite according to Slingshot, but there’s a path to a Baylor upset: hope Duke is cold from deep, put Khaman Maluach and Patrick Ngongba in plenty of pick-and-rolls and attack the offensive glass.

No. 2 Alabama Crimson Tide vs. No. 7 Saint Mary’s Gaels

Upset Chance: 16.5 percent

Here’s an idea of what’s working against St. Mary’s. These are the 10 Bracket-Breaker games in our model’s database most similar to the Gaels’ upcoming matchup with Alabama:

The 10 Most Similar Games

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Year Favorite Underdog Winner Score

2007

No. 1 North Carolina

No. 9 Michigan St.

North Carolina

81-67

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2009

No. 1 North Carolina

No. 8 LSU

North Carolina

84-70

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2022

No. 1 Arizona

No. 9 TCU

Arizona

85-80

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2021

No. 1 Gonzaga

No. 6 USC

Gonzaga

85-66

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2019

No. 1 Gonzaga

No. 9 Baylor

Gonzaga

83-71

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2018

No. 2 North Carolina

No. 7 Texas A&M

Texas A&M

86-65

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2008

No. 1 North Carolina

No. 9 Arkansas

North Carolina

108-77

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2015

No. 2 Gonzaga

No. 7 Iowa

Gonzaga

87-68

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2015

No. 1 Duke

No. 7 Michigan St.

Duke

81-61

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2018

No. 2 Duke

No. 11 Syracuse

Duke

69-65

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First of all, let’s admire the math behind Slingshot — engineered by Furman professors Liz Bouzarth, John Harris and Kevin Hutson. The giants in those similar games sure do resemble Alabama: high-scoring teams that earned a No. 1 or No. 2 seed. Second, check out the results: The favorite won nine of those 10 games, including seven by double-digits. Unless you want to cling to that lone upset, a 21-point thrashing of UNC by Texas A&M, that chart doesn’t offer much hope for St. Mary’s.

It’s not that the Gaels are a terrible underdog. They are the nation’s second-best offensive-rebounding team (40.2 percent) and play at the fifth-slowest pace. But they force few turnovers and shoot a low number of 3-pointers, limiting their variance. In matchups against teams like Alabama, which can push the pace and score inside and out, St. Mary’s style doesn’t have a strong track record.

Perhaps Randy Bennett will find a way to control the tempo, Augustas Marciulionis and Mikey Lewis will get hot from deep, and Mitchell Saxen will corral the rebounds when they do miss. It’s a plausible theory. History just doesn’t support it.

No. 1 Florida Gators vs. No. 8 UConn Huskies

Upset Chance: 15.5 percent

This is a titanic second-round matchup — the two-time defending national champs against a No. 1 seed that is playing as well as anyone in the country — and will draw plenty of eyeballs. But Slingshot just shrugs.

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As strange as it is to evaluate the Huskies as an underdog, that’s their role in this game. And it’s not one they are particularly suited to play. We know this UConn team isn’t as good as the prior two versions, but it’s also not as good as Florida. That means it needs to take risks. But that’s not how Dan Hurley built this squad. UConn plays slowly and rebounds well at the offensive end — that’s good, per Slingshot — but it doesn’t force turnovers, coughs it up often on offense and has the nation’s 92-ranked adjusted defense.

By contrast, Florida profiles as an exceptionally safe giant because of its outstanding offensive rebounding (38.8 percent, sixth in the country), fast pace and ability to take care of the ball. Just like Colorado State, then, UConn will have to increase its reliance on 3-pointers to have a realistic chance to win. Can the Huskies do it? Yes. Is it likely? Not according to Slingshot.

(Photo by Rey Del Rio/Getty Images)



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After 300 Years, Maryland's 1667 brick chapel reopens to the public

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After 300 Years, Maryland's 1667 brick chapel reopens to the public


On April 12, Maryland’s Historic St. Mary’s City will open the doors of its reconstructed Brick Chapel. Visitors will be able to explore the fully completed interior, including the altar, altar rail, and tabernacle, for the first time since its closure over 300 years ago.

The Brick Chapel, originally built in 1667, has been dormant for over three centuries. Its reopening marks the culmination of decades of archaeological research, historical study, and preservation efforts dedicated to one of Maryland’s sites of religious freedom. 

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At 1:00 p.m. on the day of the opening, Sheriff Steve Hall will ceremonially unlock the doors, symbolically reversing the 1704 closure by Sheriff John Coode. This act invites the public to step into Maryland’s cradle of religious freedom.

Travis G. Parno, PhD, will serve as the Master of Ceremonies for the opening event and will also emcee the lecture series, discussing future plans. An afternoon lecture series will begin at 1:30 p.m. in the Visitor Center Auditorium at 18751 Hogaboom Lane, St. Mary’s City, Maryland. Seating for both the opening session and the lecture series is first come, first served; there is no reserved seating, according to The BayNet.

Henry Miller, PhD, Senior Research Fellow at Historic St. Mary’s City, will speak on history and goals. “The Chapel Exhibit is a major step in telling the public about two of Maryland’s most significant legacies, Liberty of Conscience and the Free Exercise of Religion as official policies of a government,” he said, according to The Southern Maryland Chronicle. He added, “At the same time, it also represents the beginning place of the Catholic Faith in the English colonies that became the United States.”

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The Brick Chapel is not just a building; it is a time capsule that includes additional exhibit elements relating the story of how archaeological study has contributed to the understanding of 17th-century religious practice. Artifacts like lead cames and Jesuit rings guided the rebuild of the chapel, according to Historic St. Mary’s City archives cited by The Southern Maryland Chronicle.

Since excavations began in the 1930s, over 200 burials have surfaced nearby, according to site records. These burials whisper tales of early settlers and reveal 17th-century faith practices. The site was rediscovered through archaeological excavations in the 20th century and has been reborn through grit and archaeology.

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After its closure in 1704 by order of the royal governor, the bricks of the Brick Chapel were repurposed for other structures, having been scattered by royal decree. The reopening of the chapel marks a homecoming for a site that shaped America’s early tolerance, according to The BayNet.

Historic St. Mary’s City is set on the banks of the St. Mary’s River. The museum spans hundreds of acres, with ongoing archaeological excavations, historical reconstructions, and exhibits. Through research, education, and storytelling, Historic St. Mary’s City connects the present with the past. It offers a deeper understanding of the people, cultures, and ideas that shaped early America.

The article was written with the assistance of a news analysis system.

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