Maryland
Centuries later, U.Md. recreating peace coins for state’s tribal descendants – WTOP News
Engineering students at the University of Maryland have been using a 3D printer to recreate peace coins given out by British colonists settling in Maryland.
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Centuries later, UMD recreating peace coins for tribal descendants in Maryland
While rummaging through the Maryland Center for History and Culture in Baltimore, Mario Harley, a citizen and historian of the Piscataway tribe, found peace coins given out by British colonists settling in the state. These were pieces of history that had been forgotten — one coin dating back to 1652.
They were given to tribal leaders as symbols of peace treaties, typically agreements about land and trade. Over time, though, they would repeatedly be broken if the tribes had any actual claim to the land involved.
This week, engineering students at the University of Maryland have been using a 3D printer to recreate those coins. The process takes 10-12 hours inside the printer, and a few more hours to put on finishing touches.
“We have a powder-based 3D metal printer,” said Rick Blanton, the director of technical operations for the Clark School of Engineering at the university. “What this is able to do is take layers of powdered metal and then use a laser to heat that powder up until it melts together in a sintering process.”
It’s repeated hundreds to thousands of times, based on a 3D scan done by an Owings Mills-based company called Direct Dimensions. The technology that private company used can read details and narrow down precision to 50 micron.
To put that in context, a human hair has a diameter of 75 micron. The technology is so precise, it’s able to capture the imprecision that comes with handmade coins from centuries ago.
“One of the nice things about the technology is that you’re able to catch some of the original surface textures that were part of the original coins,” Blanton said.
From what Harley has seen so far, the level of detail found in the new coins is even greater than what was washed away by centuries of time.
“Especially the portrait of Anne Arundel, which is on the reverse side of the 1652 Calvert medal,” Harley said. “The details in her hair and the in the air, clothing, her facial expressions, was greater than what it was on the historic metal.”
The three coins being reproduced are the Calver Peace Medal, which was given to the Susquehannock tribe in 1652 in exchange for rights to Piscataway lands along the Chesapeake Bay — a deal that would be sort of like if New Jersey just decided to sell the state of Delaware to Maryland.
“This was the first peace medal given to indigenous America by the British,” Harley said.
Another medal was given to the Piscataway by the Calverts in 1676 as a token of good faith. The last one has six arrows, which has historians thinking it was made in the 1740s and represented the Iroquois Confederacy of Six Nations.
The three medals are being recreated to be bigger than the originals, so living members of the tribes can receive them and carry them.
The work is being done by engineering students such as Robert Alban. For him, it’s about learning skills that will help him when he graduates.
“It poses an interesting challenge to me as an operator and as a manager of this machine, of ‘How do you make that work?’ Because there are a lot of companies, like Lockheed Martin, a lot of other aerospace contractors that use these same machines,” Alban said. “They just rip parts from them and use them in whatever build they’re doing at the time. So it’s really fun to get challenging pieces like this that I know will definitely help me in my future.”
Blanton said the real world impact of this classroom learning comes with higher stakes than a typical classroom project, with a higher level of expectation and stricter definition of success.
“It allows for the living members of the tribe today to have representative artifacts that are absolutely critical to their culture,” he said. “Having that history available for them to, you know, see, touch and feel is a critical component to making that connection with their past.”
Harley is hoping to get the recreated coins next week.
“I can only imagine putting myself in the place of my ancestors,” he said. “When they’re coming back with these medals in their hand, they’re feeling quite proud that they maybe, maybe have established a relationship that could be long lasting, that allowed them to continue to live the lifestyle the creator intended them to live. And then realizing over time that that wasn’t the case.”
He was extremely thankful to the university, as well as Direct Dimension, for collaborating to make this possible.
“Having something on display in the museum is good, but having the people in the community, in the DMV region be aware of it, is even better,” he said. “Having a capability at College Park to reproduce items is good. Having something of a historical nature that we can share with the students on campus as well as around the region, is better.”
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Maryland
Baltimore leaders tout law limiting ICE cooperation, cite new claims of overreach
BALTIMORE (WBFF) — As Baltimore leaders celebrated a new law limiting city cooperation with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) on Thursday, they also shared new accounts alleging federal agents have gone too far.
At a news conference the same day the mayor signed legislation restricting the city’s cooperation with ICE, City Councilman Zeke Cohen described what he said was a troubling incident outside his children’s school.
“ICE was behaving in ways that were unsafe, that caused stress, and trauma, and harm to our communities, so as a result we asked for increase school police presence,” Cohen said.
He added, “I think it’s incredibly ironic we need our own local school police to protect our kids and our families from the federal government.”
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From the floor of the council chambers last month, Councilwoman Odette Ramos described what she said was fear in the community and accused ICE of targeting people based on race.
“Let us call it what it is it’s racism and white supremacy,” Ramos said.
She added, “They wait in parking lots for anyone who is brown. They do not care if you’re a citizen or not, so I’m waiting for my turn obviously.”
Critics have questioned the stories from politicians.
Dr. Richard Vatz, a retired professor of rhetoric, called the city’s approach “utterly irresponsible leadership,” saying, “They ought to think, ‘Who am I helping, who am I hurting?’”
When FOX45 News pressed council members last month on whether they’d witnessed ICE breaking the law in Baltimore, Ramos said, “I have not personally, however, I know that we are now seeing an escalation.”
After Cohen’s account about what happened outside his children’s school, an email was sent to the council president seeking clarification, including: “Did you see the ICE activity yourself and, if so, what was taking place?”
Clarification had not yet been provided.
Sgt. Betsy Branford-Smith, with the National Police Association, said stories of fear put officers at risk too.
“These agents have now been additionally endangered. It’s already dangerous enough,” Smith said.
Maryland
Maryland students react to Canvas data breach
An online learning management system is back online after a cyberattack created chaos for local school districts and colleges in Maryland.
Canvas, an online portal used by students and teachers, and parent company Infrastructure were attacked by hacking group ShinyHunters. The group is tied to several other notable attacks, including the Live Nation hack.
In a statement to CBS News on Friday, Instructure said the company took Canvas offline after learning that hackers had “made changes to the pages that appeared when some students and teachers were logged in.”
The hackers exploited an issue linked to its Free-For-Teacher accounts, the company said.
“As a result, we have made the difficult decision to temporarily shut down our Free-For-Teacher accounts,” the company said. “This gives us the confidence to restore access to Canvas, which is now fully back online and available for use. We regret the inconvenience and concern this may have caused.”
Canvas was also removed from a dark web leak site created by the ransomware group to publish stolen data.
Several school districts in Maryland avoided using Canvas altogether on Friday, including Anne Arundel County Public Schools, Harford County Public Schools, and Howard County Public School System. Baltimore City Public Schools uses the site, but said it had minimal impacts and does not believe the district’s data was stolen.
Baltimore County Public Schools does not use Canvas, and it was not impacted.
Local colleges and universities halted to a standstill in the middle of finals because of the breach. The University of Maryland urged faculty and students not to access the site on Friday morning. By midday, Canvas was fully restored.
Student reaction
Students at Johns Hopkins University say the website was down for about four hours Thursday night. This breach occurred during the middle of finals at the university, and students say that without the site, they didn’t have access to study materials.
“I don’t think I can manage without Canvas,” Aseel Adam, a first-year student at Hopkins, said. “I had a final today, so I was like, ‘Oh no’. I had to email my teacher about the slides final practice. It was bad.”
Students called it a major inconvenience and said they had a late-night studying after Canvas came back online.
“5 pm hits, Canvas is shut down,” Alveena Nasir, a first-year student at Hopkins, said. “I am screwed. I have a final tomorrow. I have no access to any my files. I have no downloads…For that to shut down, I feel like the whole school shuts down.”
Canvas is used by students to review materials, submit assignments, and view their grades. Teachers are also able to communicate with students on the platform.
Students say they also don’t know what data may have been leaked and if it’s their personal information.
“They can get a lot of my information, fake it for someone else, or some bad, heinous crime. It did kind of worry me,” Adam explained.
Preventing future attacks
The Johns Hopkins University Information Security Institute has been testing websites and platforms like Canvas, trying to find vulnerabilities to help prevent these types of attacks. Now, AI is making it easier than ever to take down this kind of system.
“In the old days, usually [it would] take an expert maybe a month to really come up with those complicated attacks. Recently, with the help of AI, [it takes] sometimes maybe one or two days, they can really come up with those complicated attacks,” Yinzhi Cao, technical director of the institute and associate professor of computer science, tells WJZ.
Cao says everyone needs to be more cyber-aware. To protect yourself, don’t give out deeply personal information to online platforms, use two-factor authentication, and even watch out for phishing emails.
Now, students are questioning the school’s reliance on Canvas and how they can be more prepared if there’s an attack in the future.
“The idea that we depend so much on Canvas for a lot of things is also an issue. I think there should be a balance,” Adam said.
“For having a website so fundamental to our education and not being able to protect it, I think there should be some considerations on improving it,” Nasir concluded.
Maryland
How mighty megalodon rose from extinction to be Maryland state shark
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As paleontologist Stephen Godfrey walked into the Calvert Marine Museum one morning in April, staff members congratulated him. In a way, he brought an extinct species back to life.
Two days earlier, in the final hours of Maryland’s legislative session, lawmakers passed a bill that made megalodon — the largest shark that ever lived — the state shark.
Godfrey, the marine museum’s curator of paleontology, helped come up with the idea and testified at the State House in support of it. Now, Maryland is the first to have a state shark, he said.
“As long as people have been here in Maryland, they have been noticing and collecting megalodon teeth,” he said.
Fossils of the prehistoric shark can be found throughout the Chesapeake Bay region.
“It was a prime place for early paleontologists in American history to come to collect fossils, to document the succession of life,” said Godfrey, who grew up in Quebec, Canada. He has been interested in natural history since he was young and turned his childhood bedroom into a museum.
“Hey, why don’t we try to make it the state shark?” Godfrey recalled asking.
Students join in effort to honor the mighty megalodon
He checked whether any other state had beat them to the idea. He found that North Carolina designated the megalodon tooth as its state fossil — but not its state shark.
“It was like, ‘Wow, this is like a golden opportunity,’ ” he said. “I’m surprised that nobody has thought of this.”
So he reached out to Marianne Harms, a former member of the marine museum’s board who had helped get it recognized as the state’s paleontology center. She connected him with Sen. Jack Bailey, R-Calvert and St. Mary’s.
“We just started working on it last summer when I took Stephen in to meet Sen. Bailey, and it is a difficult process to have something named as a state entity,” Harms said.
Bailey introduced the bill in the Senate, and Del. Todd Morgan, R-Calvert and St. Mary’s, introduced it in the House.
Godfrey testified in support of the bill twice, bringing along his daughter, Zoey, who is in third grade.
Calvert County officials and members of the public also wrote letters of support. Representatives of the Natural History Society of Maryland and the Chesapeake Bay Foundation sent in written testimony favoring the bill.
Fourth-grade teacher Anna Shay also shared letters and pictures from her students.
“The megalodon shark is strong and brave so people will think we are also strong and brave,” one student wrote.
Megalodon encounters resistence in Maryland legislature
It faced some pushback from AMndy Ellis, a Green Party candidate for governor, who wanted to designate megalodon as the state historic shark to leave room for a living one to have that designation.
At one point, the bill stalled in the General Assembly. But on the last day of the session, it was tacked on as an amendment to a bill recognizing a state natural sciences museum and Oct. 1 as a day to honor victims and survivors of domestic violence. It passed through both chambers and is on its way to the governor’s desk.
“I can’t believe this actually happened,” said Godfrey, adding that he thought the bill had died.
“To me, it’s like, just one of the super fun things that I’ve been a part of.”
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